# PureCycle Technologies, Inc.: Form 10-K for the period ended Dec 31, 2024 - Company: [PureCycle Technologies, Inc.](/companies/pct.md) (CIK 1830033) - Form: 10-K - Filed: 2025-02-27 - Accepted by EDGAR: Feb 27, 2025, 09:02 ET - Period: 2024-12-31 - Accession: 0000950170-25-028422 - Inline XBRL: yes - Main document: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1830033/000095017025028422/pct-20241231.htm - All documents and exhibits: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1830033/000095017025028422/ ## Figures reported in this filing Standardized XBRL line items for the period ended 2024-12-31. | Line item | Period | Value | XBRL concept | | --- | --- | ---: | --- | | Research and development | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $6.4m | us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense | | Selling, general and administrative | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $56.7m | us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense | | Interest expense | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $56.9m | us-gaap:InterestExpenseNonoperating | | Income tax | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | −$79.0k | us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit | | Net income | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | −$289.1m | us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss | | Diluted EPS | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | −$1.75 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted | | Basic EPS | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | −$1.75 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic | | Diluted shares (weighted) | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | 165,377,000 shares | us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding | | Operating cash flow | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | −$144.8m | us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities | | Capital expenditure | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $55.6m | us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment | | Share repurchases | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $1.6m | us-gaap:PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock | | Cash and equivalents | at 2024-12-31 | $15.7m | us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue | | Current assets | at 2024-12-31 | $53.9m | us-gaap:AssetsCurrent | | Total assets | at 2024-12-31 | $798.4m | us-gaap:Assets | | Current liabilities | at 2024-12-31 | $90.9m | us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent | | Total liabilities | at 2024-12-31 | $617.9m | us-gaap:Liabilities | | Current portion of debt | at 2024-12-31 | $12.9m | us-gaap:LongTermDebtCurrent | | Shareholders' equity | at 2024-12-31 | $180.4m | us-gaap:StockholdersEquity | ## Business As filed, 28,921 characters. ### Overview PureCycle Technologies, Inc. ("PCT" or the "Company") is a Florida-based corporation focused on commercializing a patented dissolution process to physically separate the polymer from other plastics, color, and contaminants (the “Technology”), originally developed by The Procter & Gamble Company (“P&G”), for restoring waste polypropylene into resin with near-virgin characteristics, called PureFive™ resin. PureFive™ resin represents the family of recycled resin products we produce, including ultra-pure resin and other grades used for compounding to meet customer specifications, which has similar properties and applicability for reuse as virgin polypropylene. PCT has a global license for the Technology from P&G. In April 2023, we certified as mechanically complete the Ironton Facility, which we expect to have capacity of approximately 107 million pounds per year when fully operational. Commissioning activities are ongoing, but the plant is not yet operating at the expected full capacity. PCT’s goal is to create an important new segment of the global polypropylene market that will assist multinational entities in meeting their sustainability goals, providing consumers with polypropylene-based products that are sustainable, and reducing overall polypropylene waste in the world’s landfills and oceans. PCT’s process includes the following steps: - Feed Pre-Processing (“Feed PreP”) collects, sorts, and prepares polypropylene waste (“feedstock”) for purification. - Purification is a dissolution recycling process that uses a combination of solvent, temperature, and pressure to return the feedstock to near-virgin condition through a novel configuration of commercially available equipment and unit operations. The purification process puts the plastic through a physical extraction process using supercritical fluids that both extract and filter out other plastics and additives to purify the color, opacity, and odor of the plastic without changing the bonds of the polymer. By not altering the chemical makeup of the polymer, the Company is able to use significantly less energy and reduce production costs as compared to virgin resin. - Compounding is a step which can be used on a case-by-case basis. Compounding allows for the modification of the resin to meet the end-user’s qualifications with melt flow, flexibility, clarity and strength being some of the properties that can be tailored through compounding. PCT intends to build new recycling purification facilities globally, as project financing becomes available. In addition to the Ironton Facility, our first U.S. facility with multiple lines for purification (“multi-line facility”) is planned to be in Augusta, Georgia (the “Augusta Facility”), and Feed PreP facilities are planned to be centrally located. The Augusta Facility will be our first scaled up multi-line facility model. Pre-engineering for the design and installation of multiple commercial lines at the Augusta Facility is currently underway and is expected to create efficiencies across the construction and permitting processes. Further, we have placed orders for our long-lead equipment for the Augusta Facility, with additional construction progress expected to continue pending timely completion of project financing. We currently expect the first international facility plant to be located in the Port of Antwerp in Belgium. PCT believes a sufficient number of feedstock sources have been identified that are suitable for its purification technology. PCT has partnered with suppliers and has built a Feed PreP facility in Denver, Pennsylvania, which began operating in October 2024, to provide the required mix and quality of feedstock necessary to meet its offtake requirements at Ironton, and believes it will be able to source feedstock sufficient to support future operations in the U.S., Europe, and Asia. The Technology has been evaluated by third parties with a focus on the Technology’s efficacy and commercial scalability. Certain of our strategic partners have conducted testing on PCT’s PureFive™ resin. In these evaluations, PCT’s PureFive™ resin compared favorably to virgin polypropylene in common Food & Beverage industry benchmarks for melt flow and mechanical properties, purity, odor, and function (lift decay, hinge break, and impact resistance). ### Industry Background Currently, polypropylene is one of the largest contributors to the global plastics waste crisis. Each year more than 170 billion pounds of polypropylene are manufactured and incorporated into a wide array of consumer facing and industrial products. According to a 2022 report from Greenpeace, the EPA (as defined below) estimated in a 2018 study that less than 1% of polypropylene is collected and recycled annually, compared to approximately 19% of polyethylene terephthalate. Many of the advantages attributed to polypropylene (strength, toughness, elasticity) also contribute to its problematic waste stream after initial use. Due to its chemical makeup, polypropylene does not react with diluted bases and acids. Consequently, polypropylene does not break down and can remain a pollutant in our oceans, landfills, and food chain for centuries. In response to these issues, multinational companies have partnered with non-governmental organizations and trade associations to encourage recycling of plastics. Significant capital has been raised to combat the global plastics crisis, including multinational collaboration, ocean clean-up initiatives, new plastic economies, and global infrastructure investments. Furthermore, over 450 multinationals have signed commitments focused on, among other things, the reuse, recycling, or composting of all plastic packaging. Numerous multinationals have taken this pledge even further by committing to reduce the use of virgin plastic packaging. Negotiations for a global plastic pollution treaty that addresses the full life cycle of plastic, including its production, design, and disposal are expected to resume in 2025. These commitments are being driven by consumer demand for sustainable products, which is expected to continue to drive many multinational corporations to source sustainable materials to achieve publicly announced sustainability objectives. While there are a range of ways that plastics can be recycled today, there are very limited options available for polypropylene. The current options are chemical and mechanical recycling, both of which have significant drawbacks that have resulted in extremely low recycling rates. Chemical recycling requires further processing to become a viable product for fuel or plastic, which results in substantially higher energy expenditure, carbon dioxide emissions, and inflated cost. Mechanical recycling, while more energy efficient than chemical recycling, does not remove other plastics and additives from the end product, leading to wide variation in end product quality and low-value end uses. ### PureCycle’s Solution: Patented Dissolution Recycling Technology PCT’s recycling technology is a dissolution recycling process that uses a combination of solvent, temperature, and pressure. Waste stream polypropylene is returned to near-virgin condition through a novel configuration of commercially available equipment and unit operations. The dissolution process puts the plastic through a physical extraction process using supercritical fluids that both extract and filter out other plastics and additives to purify the color, opacity, and odor of the polypropylene plastic with minimal controlled alteration of the physical characteristics of the polymer. By not altering the chemical makeup of the polymer, the Company is able to use significantly less energy and reduce production costs as compared to virgin resin. The unique supercritical fluid extraction process does not require chemical reactions. Key benefits of the Technology include: - its use of standard processing equipment that is commercially available and widely used; - its use of a physical separation/purification process without chemical reactions; - it is expected to utilize approximately one fourth the amount of energy required to produce virgin polypropylene resin; and - its ability to recycle a wide range of polypropylene waste. Our patented dissolution recycling technology results in near-virgin quality and substantially improved odor profile compared to traditional recycled polypropylene. PureFive™ resin provides our customers with 100% recycled content without compromising appearance, purity, odor or performance in finished products. ### The Product: PureFive™ resin Polypropylene has multiple applications including packaging and labeling for consumer products, textiles and plastic parts for many industries and, particularly the automotive industry. It is one of the most used plastics in the world due to its flexibility as a “living hinge” on consumer product lids (e.g., shampoo, condiments) since it typically will not break when bent even after multiple movements and ranges of motion. PCT’s unique purification process separates colors, odors, other plastics, and additives through a physical separation process. This process and end product quality have been tested and validated by P&G, prospective offtake partners, and independent third-party labs. When compared to virgin resin, PCT’s PureFive™ resin expresses near identical mechanical properties across Melt Flow Index (a measure of viscosity), Tensile Modulus (measure of stiffness), and Impact Strength (a measure of sudden resistance to force). PCT has leveraged strategic partners with expertise in operations, the use of additives to improve the physical properties of polymers, and consumer packaged goods companies to conduct early testing to confirm that the product meets the expectations of the end users and offtake partners. ### Offtake and Customers Based on current offtake subscription agreements and letters of intent, PCT intends to market and sell the PureFive™ resin to a wide range of industries, including but not limited to: resin distributors, resin converters, compounders, consumer goods manufacturers, food and beverage producers, textile and toy manufacturers, and personal care goods producers. Polypropylene is used in a variety of end markets, including consumer packaged goods, electronics, automotive, building & construction, household goods, carpets and clothing, and agriculture. Due to a growing awareness around sustainability and many multinational companies shifting their strategic focus to sustainability as a key differentiator, PCT intends to provide PureFive™ resin to a diversified customer base across most, if not all, of these end markets over time. ### Feedstock Supply Over 150 billion pounds of polypropylene waste feedstocks are generated every year across multiple industries. Most of these feedstocks are untapped by the market today and are disposed of in landfills and oceans. These feedstocks include flexible and rigid packaging, plastic waste from textiles, and large business segments including consumer products, medical, automotive, industrial, and agricultural. PCT’s efforts to reliably and cost-effectively source high quality polypropylene content waste feedstock are ongoing and primarily consist of purchasing pre-sorted polypropylene waste feedstock from various suppliers and purchasing non-sorted plastic waste that PCT itself sorts through its Feed PreP facilities. PCT’s polypropylene waste feedstock sourcing strategy will evolve as the market for polypropylene waste feedstock evolves. ### Properties ### The Feedstock Evaluation Unit The Feedstock Evaluation Unit (the "FEU") is an 11,000 square foot facility located adjacent to the commercial line at the Ironton Facility with over 1 mile of stainless-steel piping. The facility was completed in July 2019 and has been producing PureFive™ resin since that time. The FEU is considered a pilot scale replica of the larger commercial line at the Ironton Facility. ### The Ironton Facility Located on the same site as the FEU, PCT commenced construction in October 2020 of its first commercial-scale plant, the Ironton Facility. PCT commenced commissioning activities at the Ironton Facility in April 2023, and, later in 2023, PCT achieved mechanical completion of the plant and commenced pellet production from post-industrial and post-consumer materials. The Ironton Facility is expected to have PureFive™ resin capacity of approximately 107 million pounds per year when fully operational. Currently, PCT is focused on customer sampling and qualifications and believes that this will lead to meaningful future sales. Also, the Company recently initiated compounding operations to blend its resin with either post-industrial recycled material or virgin polypropylene. The expansion into compounding is expected to improve product consistency, accelerate product delivery to customers and provide brand owners with a consistent product for each of their specific needs. PCT has experienced intermittent mechanical challenges during the commissioning process including, but not limited to, limits in the rates at which other plastics and additives can currently be removed from the purification process, as well as challenges with sustaining continuous operations. Recently, PCT has been focused on the recovery and removal of polyethylene and other solids (“CP2”), which impacts the ability to run higher volumes and produce consistent, high quality PureFive™ resin. PCT has modified the CP2 removal system to remove higher volumes of CP2 more quickly and believes these changes enable us to produce higher volumes of on-spec product. The Company is currently testing the system improvements at various operating conditions to validate the new limits. ### The Research and Development Lab The lease for the Company's research and development lab in Durham, North Carolina commenced in 2023 and the facility opened in 2024. The lab is instrumental in developing cutting-edge analytical techniques to characterize polymer-solvent interaction in supercritical fluids, advancing fundamental process understanding to target hard to recycle polypropylene materials, generating insights into process modifications that drive energy reduction and reductions in capital expenditures for future plant sites, leveraging research and development analytical techniques and expertise to allow industries with traditionally low recycling rates to adopt recycled polypropylene material, and supporting zero-waste efforts by engaging third parties to utilize Co-Product 1 and CP2. ### The Augusta Facility PCT announced that it had secured the site location for its second purification facility in Augusta, Georgia on July 29, 2021 and executed a lease on June 30, 2023, for an approximately 150-acre tract, with the availability to lease a second tract, totaling approximately 50 acres, subject to various milestones. The Southeast was targeted given its ideal location for access to feedstock and multiple ports creating numerous options for exporting the PureFive™ resin overseas. Augusta also provides a strong labor market, optimized infrastructure with access to electricity and natural gas at the site boundary, and an advanced supply chain with interstate and rail access to reduce transportation costs. The Augusta Facility is planned to be the Company’s first multi-line facility, currently expected to be comprised of up to eight purification lines and is designed to ultimately produce approximately 130 million pounds annually per line. The engineering design has been completed and portions of the long-lead equipment have been ordered. ### Global Facilities On January 17, 2023, the Company announced that its first European purification facility is planned to be in Antwerp, Belgium. The Company is also planning to expand its production capabilities into Asia through negotiation of a joint venture with Mitsui & Co. Ltd. in Japan for in-country production and sales. Future expansion is dependent, in part, on successful completion of project financing. ### PreP Facilities PCT has installed a feedstock processing system with advanced sorting capabilities that can handle various types of plastics in addition to polypropylene (designated as #5 plastic). PCT’s enhanced sorting allows PCT to process plastic bales between #1 and #7. PCT’s new Feed PreP facilities will extract polypropylene and ship it to PCT’s purification lines, while the non-polypropylene feed will be sorted, baled, and subsequently sold on the open market. In October 2024, the Company commenced a real estate lease in Denver, Pennsylvania, where it began operations of a Feed PreP facility. The lease has a 15-year term. In conjunction with the Augusta Facility, PCT also plans to build and operate Feed PreP facilities in locations geographically near the feed sources to optimize PCT’s supply chain economics. ### Government Regulation PCT is subject to laws and regulations administered by various federal, state and local government agencies in the United States that prescribe the requirements and establish the standards for quality and safety, regulate PCT’s products, and the manufacturing, labeling, marketing, promotion, and advertising thereof. PCT is also subject to labor and employment laws, laws governing advertising, privacy laws, safety regulations, marketing claims and other laws, including but not limited to consumer protection regulations that regulate retailers or govern the promotion and sale of merchandise. PCT’s operations, and those of its suppliers, are subject to various laws and regulations relating to environmental protection and worker health and safety matters. ### FDA Requirements Recycled polypropylene in food packaging applications in the U.S. is regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”). The FDA has established certain requirements for the use of polypropylene in food packaging, as well as guidelines for the use of recycled plastics in food packaging. On a voluntary basis, companies may ask the FDA to issue a Letter of No Objection ("LNO") to provide assurance to customers regarding regulatory compliance and safety of systems that recycle polymers. On September 10, 2021, PCT filed for a FDA LNO for Conditions of Use A – H. Conditions of Use describe the temperature and duration at which a material should be tested to simulate the way the material is intended to be used. Conditions of Use C – H address many consumer product packaging requirements, including applications for hot filled and pasteurized, as well as room temperature, refrigerated and frozen applications. Generally speaking, Conditions of Use A and B relate to extreme temperature applications. The LNO submission also defines the feedstock sources for the Company’s planned commercial recycling process, and this LNO submission pertained to (i) food grade post-industrial recycled feedstocks and (ii) food grade curbside post-consumer recycled feedstocks. On September 6, 2022, PCT received two separate notifications from the FDA with respect to the following two feedstock sources: (i) Food grade post-industrial recycled feedstocks: an FDA LNO approving Conditions of Use A – H and (ii) Food-grade post-consumer recycled feedstock from stadiums: an FDA LNO for Conditions of Use E – G. On June 11, 2024, the Company received an additional LNO from the FDA, which expands upon the previous LNO and allows use of PCT's PureFive™ resin (to the extent made from food grade post-consumer recycled material) in contact with all food types under FDA's Conditions of Use A through H. The Company’s FDA food contact grades are capable of being used for all food types per the conditions of use listed and per all applicable authorizations in the food contact regulations listed in the 21 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21). The Company is conducting additional testing and plans to make further LNO submissions for additional post-consumer recycled feedstock sources and expanded Conditions of Use. ### Environmental and Workplace Safety Laws PCT is subject to air, water, waste and other environmental, commercial and workplace safety laws and regulations at the federal, state, and local level in the United States including requirements of the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”), and the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”). Recycled polypropylene for use in non-food packaging uses complies with or is exempt from the EPA’s requirements under the Toxic Substances Control Act (“TSCA”), since polypropylene (Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CASRN) 9003-07-0) is approved for use on the TSCA Chemical Substances Inventory and the manufacture of polymers is exempt from TSCA Chemical Data Reporting. Additive selection will also comply with the TSCA. PCT is subject to local, state and federal laws and regulations that address the release of hazardous substances into the air, water and land, and the storage, handling, disposal and transportation of hazardous materials. PCT holds various state and local licenses and permits, some of which are perpetual, and others which renew periodically. These include both environmental and general business licenses. Larger multi-line locations may also fall under federal Title V permitting rules. OSHA and the delegated states implement the Occupational Safety and Health Act and relevant state counterparts. In relevant part, this requires hazard identification and communication about materials used or produced in operations to employees, state and local government authorities and citizens. Other workplace safety rules, such as those governing confined space entry and process safety management, also apply to PCT’s operations, and PCT’s facility is subject to OSHA inspection. PCT’s operations are subject to privacy laws and federal and state laws governing labor and employment matters such as minimum wage, overtime, working conditions and employment eligibility requirements. The FTC requires that marketing and advertising by PCT and its feedstock suppliers be truthful, non-misleading, not deceptive to consumers, and consistent with the Guides for the Use of Environmental Marketing Claims, 16 C.F.R. Part 260, concerning recycling claims. The federal Lanham Act and federal antitrust laws govern PCT’s business activities and advertising claims. State law equivalents of false advertising claims laws apply and these laws may differ from each other in significant ways. They often are not preempted by federal laws. ### Regulation Outside the United States The commercialization of our product in countries other than the U.S. may require that PCT, or companies with whom PCT partners for such foreign commercialization, obtain necessary approvals for food packaging use under foreign regulatory regimes comparable to that of the FDA. Applicable approval processes and ongoing requirements in international markets vary from country to country and may involve more time and expense than that required to obtain approvals in the U.S. We intend to meet these requirements ourselves or through distributors as required. ### Intellectual Property Pursuant to the License Agreement, P&G has granted PCT a license to utilize P&G’s intellectual property, and PCT has granted a sublicense of P&G intellectual property back to P&G under the terms of the License Agreement, with a limited right to sublicense by P&G (the “Grant Back”) subject to volume and geographic restrictions for future plants outside North America. Under the Grant Back, for five years after the effective date of the License Agreement, the aggregate tonnage that could be produced under the Grant Back was capped at 500,000 metric tons per year worldwide. Beyond year 5, that aggregate annual tonnage will be expanded to enable modest expansion across each of the six regions worldwide (generally, North America, Europe, China, Asia, Africa and Latin America). PCT and P&G amended the License Agreement to, among other things, waive P&G’s clawback exclusivity for plants in North America. With regard to the other regions of the world, subject to the achievement of certain construction and sales deadlines, P&G retains the right to a license exclusivity clawback, and tonnage limitations under the Grant Back are waived if PCT, a PCT Affiliate, or a sublicensee does not meet the following construction and sales timelines: for Europe and Asia start of plant construction must begin by December 31, 2027 and commencement of sales must occur by December 31, 2030; for Greater China and Latin America, construction must begin no later than December 31, 2032 and commence sales by December 31, 2035; and for Africa start of construction must occur by December 31, 2037 and sales must commence by December 31, 2040. PCT has a limited right to sublicense the technology to PCT affiliates and select third parties with the consent of P&G. All fourteen filed and granted patents are utility patents (as opposed to design patents and applications). All of the patents relate to the same core PCT technology processes. This patent estate covers the proprietary process by which waste polypropylene is converted into recycled polypropylene resin, specifically the method for separating and purifying polymers from the reclaimed and contaminated polypropylene, polyethylene and other polymers. The License Agreement also governs the ownership of process improvements. Improvements (as defined in the License Agreement) invented by PCT are owned by PCT and are licensed back to P&G for the purpose of selling licensed product, while Improvements (as defined in the License Agreement) invented by P&G or jointly by P&G and PCT are owned by P&G and licensed to PCT. The license may become non-exclusive if PCT fails to make payments or undergoes a change of control without the prior written consent of P&G. If PCT defaults under the License Agreement and the License Agreement is terminated, P&G fails to perform its obligations under these agreements, or PCT’s relationship with P&G is otherwise damaged or severed, this could have a material adverse effect on PCT’s business, results of operations or financial performance. In addition, P&G’s failure to consent to future sublicenses by PCT to PCT affiliates and select third parties would limit PCT’s ability to expand as contemplated by its current business plan. The License Agreement will terminate upon the later of (a) the expiration of the last Licensed Patent (as defined in the License Agreement) to expire and (b) the expiry date of the warrant between PCT and P&G (which was executed on October 16, 2020). Under the License Agreement, fourteen Utility Patents were filed and granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Each Utility Patent will expire on the 20-year anniversary of the original application filing date. Together, these fourteen Utility Patents make up the Licensed Patents. ### Human Capital Resources *Employees & Demographics.* As of December 31, 2024, PCT employed 157 team members. None of PCT’s employees are represented by a labor union. With respect to demographics, approximately 23% of our employees are female and 77% are male. *Talent & Retention.* With a keen focus on talent acquisition and retention, we have managed to hire some of the top talent in the industry. Our robust talent acquisition program enables us to identify the right candidates through various sources (i.e. professional networks and internal referrals). Additionally, we strive to promote internally, if applicable. *Compensation Practice & Pay Equality.* As PCT evolves, Human Resources in partnership with the leadership team will continue to evaluate the existing workforce to ensure that best practices are maintained across the entire team without risk of inequality. Pay structures will be reviewed annually to ensure best practices in a competitive market and, as part of that review, compensation will be realigned where appropriate for existing team members and new hires. ### Website Access to Securities and Exchange Commission Reports PCT makes available free of charge, in the “Investors – SEC Filings & Reports” section of its website at https://www.purecycle.com/, its annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as practicable after the Company files them with, or furnishes them to, the SEC. The information on the Company’s website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov. ## Risk factors As filed, 59,021 characters. *You should carefully review this section in addition to the other information appearing in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes, for important information regarding risks and uncertainties that affect us. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently believe are not material, may also become important factors that adversely affect our business. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects could be materially and adversely affected.* ### Risks Related to PCT’s Status as a Low Revenue Early Commercial Stage Company ***PCT is a low revenue early commercial stage company and may never achieve or sustain profitability.*** PCT relies principally on the commercialization of our PureFive™ resin to generate revenue growth. To date, such products and services have delivered minimal revenue. Also, PureFive™ resin product offerings and partnering revenues are in their very early stages. PCT believes that commercial success is dependent upon the ability to significantly increase the number of purification plants, feed pre-processing facilities (“Feed PreP facilities”), feedstock suppliers and offtake partners as well as strategic partners that utilize PureFive™ resin. PCT is an early commercial stage company that evaluates various strategies to achieve its financial goals and commercialization objectives on an ongoing basis. In this regard, PCT’s production methodology is subject to change as a result of modifications to business strategy, future plant designs and construction timelines, or market conditions. Furthermore, if demand for PureFive™ resin products does not increase as quickly as planned, PCT may be unable to increase revenue levels as expected. PCT is currently not profitable. Even if PCT succeeds in increasing adoption of PureFive™ resin products by target markets, maintaining and creating relationships with existing and new offtake partners, feedstock suppliers and customers, and developing and commercializing additional plants, market conditions, particularly related to pricing and feedstock costs, may result in PCT not generating sufficient revenue to achieve or sustain profitability. ***PCT’s ability to be profitable in the future will depend on PCT’s ability to successfully commercialize PureFive™ resin products, and any other products PCT may develop in the future, to scale in the United States, Europe and beyond.*** PCT’s ability to be profitable in the future will depend on PCT’s ability to commercially scale PureFive™ resin products and any other products PCT may develop in the future, including establishing sales, marketing and distribution capabilities to effectively market and sell PureFive™ resin products in the United States, Europe and in other territories and achieving market acceptance of PureFive™ resin products. PCT’s ability to be profitable will also depend on PureFive™ resin products maintaining regulatory approval and achieving market acceptance. Because of the uncertainties associated with market conditions, particularly related to pricing and feedstock costs, PCT is unable to accurately predict the timing or amount of increased expenses or when, or if, PCT will be able to achieve profitability. The amount of future losses will depend, in part, on the rate of future growth of PCT’s expenses and PCT’s ability to generate revenues. Other than the future production and sale of PureFive™ resin products, there are currently no other lines of business or other material sources of revenue. Such a lack of diversification may limit PCT's ability to adapt to changing business conditions and could have an adverse effect on PCT's business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. ***The License Agreement sets forth certain construction and sales deadlines which, if missed, could result in a termination or conversion of the license granted under the License Agreement.*** Pursuant to the License Agreement, P&G has granted PCT a license to utilize certain P&G intellectual property. The License Agreement sets forth certain construction and sales deadlines for future facilities outside North America which, if missed, could result in a termination of the license granted under the License Agreement (if PCT is unable to make PureFive™ resin at certain production volumes and at certain prices within a certain time frame). The license agreement also sets forth certain construction and sales deadlines for future facilities outside of North America which, if missed, could result in conversion of the license to a non-exclusive license (if PCT is unable or unwilling to provide P&G with PureFive™ resin at certain prices from the first plant). In the event the Licenser Agreement is terminated or converted to a non-exclusive license, this could have a material adverse effect on PCT's business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. ***PCT’s outstanding secured and unsecured indebtedness, ability to incur additional debt and the provisions in the agreements governing PCT’s debt, and certain other agreements, could have a material adverse effect on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.*** As of December 31, 2024, PCT had total consolidated debt of $346.6 million, including notes payable to related parties. PCT has not yet begun commercial operations and does not have any sources of material revenue. PCT’s debt service obligations could have important consequences to PCT for the foreseeable future, including the following: (i) PCT’s ability to obtain additional financing for capital expenditures, working capital or other general corporate purposes may be impaired; (ii) a substantial portion of PCT’s cash flow from operating activities must be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on PCT’s debt, thereby reducing the funds available to us for PCT’s operations and other corporate purposes; and (iii) PCT may be or become substantially more leveraged than some of its competitors, which may place PCT at a relative competitive disadvantage and make us more vulnerable to changes in market conditions and governmental regulations. PCT is required to maintain compliance with certain financial and other covenants under its debt agreements. There are and will be operating and financial restrictions and covenants in certain of PCT’s debt agreements, including the Loan Agreement (as defined below), as well as certain other agreements to which PCT is or may become a party. These limit, among other things, PCT’s or its subsidiaries’ ability to incur certain additional debt, create certain liens or other encumbrances, sell assets, and transfer ownership interests and transactions with affiliates of PCT. These covenants could also limit PCT’s ability to engage in activities that may be in PCT’s best long-term interests. PCT’s failure, or perceived failure, to comply with certain covenants in these agreements could result in an Event of Default (as defined therein) under the various debt agreements, allowing lenders to accelerate the maturity for the debt under these agreements and to foreclose upon any collateral securing the debt. An Event of Default would also adversely affect PCT’s ability to access its borrowing capacity and pay debt service on its outstanding debt, likely resulting in acceleration of such debt or in a default under other agreements containing cross-default provisions. Under such circumstances, PCT might not have sufficient funds or other resources to satisfy all of its obligations. In addition, the limitations imposed by PCT’s financing agreements on its ability to pay dividends, incur additional debt and to take other actions might significantly impair PCT’s ability to obtain other financing, generate sufficient cash flow from operations to enable PCT to pay its debt or to fund other liquidity needs. Such consequences would adversely affect PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. ***PCT faces risks and uncertainties related to litigation, regulatory actions and investigations.*** From time to time, PCT may be involved in legal proceedings and investigations arising in the ordinary course of business, including those relating to employment matters, relationships with our feedstock suppliers and offtake partners as well as strategic partners, intellectual property disputes, additional volatility in the market price of our securities, and other business matters. Any such claims or investigations may be time-consuming, costly, divert management resources, or otherwise have a material adverse effect on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. The results of litigation and other legal proceedings are inherently uncertain and adverse judgments or settlements may result in materially adverse monetary damages or injunctive relief against PCT. Any claims or litigation, even if fully indemnified or insured, could damage PCT’s reputation and make it more difficult to compete effectively or obtain adequate insurance in the future. The litigation and other legal and regulatory proceedings described under Legal Proceedings in Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies, to the audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are subject to future developments and management’s view of these matters may change in the future. ### Risks Related to PCT’s Operations ***Delays in commissioning and obtaining an independent engineer’s certificate of operational performance at the Ironton Facility or any new project could severely impact PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.*** PCT may not be able to achieve full commissioning and the certification of operational performance required by an independent engineer of the Ironton Facility in the expected timeframe or at all due to a variety of factors, including, achieving continuous operations of the Ironton Facility and producing recycled pellets pursuant to certain specifications at nameplate capacity for five consecutive days. Failure to obtain the certification could severely impact PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, and impact PCT’s ability to comply with certain covenants under its debt agreements. In addition, PCT has experienced intermittent mechanical challenges during the commissioning process including, but not limited to, limits in the recycled polypropylene production rates, due in part to the rates at which other plastics and additives can currently be removed from the purification process, as well as challenges with sustaining continuous operations. Recently, PCT has been focused on the recovery and removal of CP2, which impacts the ability to run higher volumes and produce consistent, high quality PureFive™ resin. If the system improvements at various operating conditions fails to achieve the new limits, PCT could experience an adverse effect on its business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. ***Construction of one or more additional pre-processing and purification facilities may be delayed or abandoned.*** The construction and commissioning of any new project, including pre-processing and purification facilities, is dependent on a number of contingencies, many of which are beyond PCT’s control. There is also a risk that significant unanticipated costs or delays could arise due to, among other things, errors or omissions, unanticipated or concealed construction site conditions, including subsurface conditions, unforeseen technical issues or increases in plant and equipment costs, insufficiency of water supply and other utility infrastructure, or inadequate contractual arrangements. Should significant unanticipated costs arise, this could have a material adverse impact on PCT’s business, financial performance and operations. No assurance can be given that construction will be completed, or will be completed without further delay. ***Initially, PCT will rely on a single facility for all of its operations, and its business is not diversified.*** Initially, PCT will rely solely on the operations at the Ironton Facility. Adverse changes or developments affecting the Ironton Facility could impair PCT’s ability to produce PureFive™ resin and its business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations. Any shutdown or period of reduced production at the Ironton Facility, which may be caused by regulatory noncompliance or other issues, as well as other factors beyond its control, such as severe weather conditions, natural disaster, fire, power interruption or outages, work stoppage, disease outbreaks or pandemics, equipment failure, delay in supply delivery, or shortages of material, equipment, or labor, would significantly disrupt PCT’s ability to grow and produce PureFive™ resin products in a timely manner, meet its contractual obligations and operate its business. PCT’s equipment is costly to repair, and PCT’s equipment supply chains may be disrupted in connection with pandemics, trade wars or other factors. If any material amount of PCT’s machinery were damaged, it would be unable to predict when, if at all, it could replace or repair such machinery or find co-manufacturers with suitable alternative machinery, which could adversely affect PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Performance guarantees may not be sufficient to cover damages or losses, or the guarantors under such guarantees may not have the ability to pay. Any insurance coverage PCT has may not be sufficient to cover all of its potential losses and may not continue to be available to PCT on acceptable terms, or at all. There are also currently no other lines of business or other material sources of revenue to support the Company's future. Such lack of diversification may limit PCT's ability to adapt to changing business conditions and could have an adverse effect on PCT's business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. ***Cybersecurity incidents and the failure to maintain the integrity of PCT’s systems or infrastructure, or those of third parties with which PCT does business, could have a material adverse effect on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.*** PCT is subject to an increasing number of information technology vulnerabilities, threats and targeted computer crimes which pose a risk to the security of its systems and networks and the confidentiality, availability and integrity of data. Disruptions or failures in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support PCT’s businesses, offtake partners, feedstock suppliers and customers, or cyber-attacks or security breaches of PCT’s networks or systems or of third party suppliers and service providers, could result in the loss of customers and business opportunities, lawsuits, regulatory fines, penalties or intervention, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensatory costs, and additional compliance costs, any of which could materially adversely affect PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Increasing costs associated with cybersecurity protections may be costly and may also adversely affect the financial condition of PCT. While PCT attempts to mitigate these risks, PCT’s systems, data, networks, products, solutions and services remain potentially vulnerable to advanced and persistent cybersecurity threats. PCT also maintains and has access to sensitive, confidential or personal data or information in its business that is subject to privacy and security laws, regulations and customer controls. Despite PCT’s efforts to protect such personal data or information, PCT’s facilities and systems and those of its customers, offtake partners, feedstock suppliers and third-party service providers may be vulnerable to cybersecurity incidents, theft, misplaced or loss of data, programming and/or human errors that could lead to the compromise of sensitive, confidential or personal data or information or unauthorized use or disruption of PCT’s systems and software. ***PCT may be unable to sufficiently protect its proprietary rights and may encounter disputes from time to time relating to its use of the intellectual property of third parties.*** PCT relies on its proprietary intellectual property, including registered trademarks and certain licensed intellectual property under the License Agreement and other documents to market, promote and sell PureFive™ resin products. PCT monitors and protects against activities that might infringe, dilute, or otherwise harm its trademarks and other intellectual property and relies on the relevant patent, trademark and other laws of the U.S. and other countries. However, PCT may be unable to prevent third parties from using its intellectual property without authorization. In addition, the laws of some non-U.S. jurisdictions, particularly those of certain emerging markets, provide less protection for PCT’s proprietary rights than the laws of the U.S. and present greater risks of counterfeiting and other infringement. To the extent PCT cannot protect its intellectual property, unauthorized use and misuse of PCT’s intellectual property could harm its competitive position and have a material adverse effect on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Despite PCT’s efforts to protect these rights, unauthorized third parties may attempt to duplicate or copy the proprietary aspects of its technology and processes. PCT’s competitors and other third parties independently may design around or develop similar technology or otherwise duplicate PCT’s services or products such that PCT could not assert its intellectual property rights against them. In addition, PCT’s contractual arrangements may not effectively prevent disclosure of its intellectual property and confidential and proprietary information or provide an adequate remedy in the event of an unauthorized disclosure. Measures in place may not prevent misappropriation or infringement of PCT’s intellectual property or proprietary information and the resulting loss of competitive advantage, and PCT may be required to litigate to protect its intellectual property and proprietary information from misappropriation or infringement by others, which is expensive, could cause a diversion of resources and may not be successful. PCT also may encounter disputes from time to time concerning intellectual property rights of others, and it may not prevail in these disputes. Third parties may raise claims against PCT alleging that PCT, or consultants or other third parties retained or indemnified by PCT, infringe on their intellectual property rights. Some third-party intellectual property rights may be extremely broad, and it may not be possible for PCT to conduct its operations in such a way as to avoid all alleged violations of such intellectual property rights. Given the complex, rapidly changing and competitive technological and business environment in which PCT operates, and the potential risks and uncertainties of intellectual property-related litigation, an assertion of an infringement claim against PCT may cause PCT to spend significant amounts to defend the claim, even if PCT ultimately prevails, pay significant money damages, lose significant revenues, be prohibited from using the relevant systems, processes, technologies or other intellectual property (temporarily or permanently), cease offering certain products or services, or incur significant license, royalty or technology development expenses. Moreover, it has become common in recent years for individuals and groups to purchase intellectual property assets for the sole purpose of making claims of infringement and attempting to extract settlements from companies such as PCT. Even in instances where PCT believes that claims and allegations of intellectual property infringement against it are without merit, defending against such claims is time consuming and expensive and could result in the diversion of time and attention of PCT’s management and employees. In addition, although in some cases a third party may have agreed to indemnify PCT for such costs, such indemnifying party may refuse or be unable to uphold its contractual obligations. In other cases, insurance may not cover potential claims of this type adequately or at all, and PCT may be required to pay monetary damages, which may be significant. ***Climate change, or legal, regulatory or market measures to address climate change may materially adversely affect our financial condition and business operations.*** Climate change resulting from increased concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere could present risks to PCT’s future operations from natural disasters and extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, wildfires or flooding. Such extreme weather conditions could pose physical risks to PCT’s facilities and disrupt operation of PCT’s supply chain and may impact operational costs. The impacts of climate change on global resources may result in scarcity, which could in the future impact PCT’s ability to access sufficient equipment and materials in certain locations and result in increased costs. Additionally, concern over climate change could result in new legal or regulatory requirements designed to mitigate the effects of climate change on the environment. If such laws or regulations are more stringent than current legal or regulatory requirements, PCT may experience increased compliance burdens and costs to meet the regulatory obligations and may adversely affect raw material sourcing, manufacturing operations and the distribution of PCT’s products. Likewise, a failure to comply with any current or future sustainability-related reporting requirements, as established by regulators in the United States, Europe, and beyond, may result in loss of business, regulatory penalties, litigation, and/or reputational damage. ***Many governments, regulators, investors, employees, customers and other stakeholders are increasingly focused on environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) and sustainability considerations relating to businesses, including climate change and greenhouse gas emissions, circularity, data privacy, artificial intelligence, human capital and diversity, equity and inclusion.*** The Company’s evolving efforts to develop, research, and accurately report on the implementation of a sustainability strategy may create operational risks and expenses and expose us to reputational, legal and other risks. While the Company makes statements about its ESG initiatives through information provided on its website, press statements, sustainability reports, and other communications, some of the statements may be based on hypothetical expectations and assumptions that may not be representative of current or actual risks or events or forecasts of expected risks or events, including related costs, and may not be accepted as sufficient by certain ESG-focused constituencies. Those assumptions and expectations involve risks and uncertainties, including those described under “Forward Looking Statements” and in the “Disclaimer” section in the Company’s Sustainability Reports, and may be subject to error or misinterpretation given the long timelines involved and the lack of an established single approach to identifying, measuring and reporting on many ESG matters. In addition, some stakeholders may disagree with the Company's targets and objectives, and the focus of stakeholders may change and evolve over time. The Company’s failure to adopt or comply with stakeholder expectations and standards on ESG matters, comply with applicable jurisdictional ESG laws and regulations, or meet sustainability goals or contribution targets that the Company sets), could result in legal and regulatory proceedings against the Company and materially adversely affect the Company’s business, reputation, results of operations, and financial condition. ***PCT may be negatively impacted by volatility in the political and economic environment, which could have an adverse impact on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.*** Trade, monetary and fiscal policies, and political and economic conditions may substantially change, and credit markets may experience periods of constriction and variability. These conditions may impact PCT’s business. Further, rising or prolonged high inflation may negatively impact PCT’s business and raise its costs, specifically with respect to the construction of the Augusta Facility and other future purification and Feed PreP facilities. In the case of sustained inflation, it could become increasingly difficult to effectively mitigate the increases to PCT’s costs. If PCT is unable to take actions to effectively mitigate the effect of the resulting higher costs, PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be adversely impacted. Although the Federal Reserve began to reduce interest rates in late 2024, they continue to remain higher than pre-pandemic levels. The Federal Reserve may continue to hold them at their currently high rates longer than expected. Higher interest rates, coupled with reduced government spending and volatility in financial markets may increase economic uncertainty and affect PCT’s offtake partners, feedstock suppliers and potential customers. Similarly, the ongoing military conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the conflict in the Middle East has created extreme volatility in the global capital markets and could have further global economic consequences, including disruptions of the global supply chain and energy markets. Furthermore, actual events involving limited liquidity, defaults, non-performance or other adverse developments that affect financial institutions, transactional counterparties or other companies in the financial services industry or the financial services industry generally, or concerns or rumors about any events of these kinds or other similar risks, have in the past and may in the future lead to market-wide liquidity concerns. Any such volatility, disruptions or market-wide liquidity concerns may adversely affect PCT’s business or the third parties on whom it relies. If the equity and credit markets deteriorate, including as a result of political or economic unrest or war, it may make necessary debt or equity financing, such as the financing necessary to fully fund the construction of the Augusta Facility, future purification facilities and currently contemplated and future Feed PreP facilities and otherwise finance PCT’s expansion, more difficult to obtain in a timely manner or on favorable terms, more costly or more dilutive. Increased or sustained inflation can adversely affect PCT by increasing its costs, including labor and employee benefit costs. In addition, higher or sustained inflation, macro turmoil, uncertainty and market-wide liquidity concerns could also adversely affect PCT’s offtake partners, feedstock suppliers and potential customers, which could have an adverse impact on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. ### Risks Related to PCT’s Production of PureFive™ Resin ***There is no guarantee the Technology is scalable to commercial-scale profitability.*** The Technology is based upon generally available commercial equipment to process contaminated polypropylene into clean recycled polypropylene product. While PCT has constructed the FEU to demonstrate the process using the same or similar equipment (except at a smaller scale) as the Ironton Facility, the FEU does not operate at a commercial scale. The collective test data was used to design the Ironton Facility equipment for commercial scale and testing under the intended operating conditions and configuration for the commercial-scale operation to verify reproducibility of results including color, melt flow index, moldability (tensile modulus and other measures) and the odor of the final PCT-produced polypropylene product. While that testing indicated that the FEU can generate recycled polypropylene product that on average meets all of its key parameter targets, PCT cannot guarantee these results will be achieved if or when the Ironton Facility is operating at full capacity. PCT's ability to achieve commercial-scale profitability relies on its ability to commercially scale its operations. Further, of the four quality parameters for PureFive™ resin, odor is the most difficult to characterize and measure. PCT’s goal is to generate product that will significantly reduce the odor of the offtake and be comparable or nearly comparable to virgin polypropylene with respect to level of odor, but PCT cannot guarantee that the Ironton Facility will be capable of achieving the quality parameters of PureFive™ resin on a consistent basis to achieve profitability on a commercial scale. The Ironton Facility’s failure to consistently achieve the quality parameters for PureFive™ resin at higher rates could impact PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects if the possible shortfalls versus specification are not effectively remedied per contract. Furthermore, the Augusta Facility is planned to be PCT’s first scaled up multi-line facility model. PCT is currently working on pre-engineering for the design and installation of multiple commercial lines at the Augusta Facility and there is no guarantee that these efforts will be successful. If the Augusta Facility fails to achieve the expected efficiencies, including across the construction and permitting processes, as well as fails to reduce average capital expenditures per plant and reduce overall operating costs, PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be materially adversely impacted. ***PCT may not be successful in consummating strategic endeavors for the sale of PureFive™ products.*** PCT may not be successful in efforts to consummate existing strategic endeavors, or establish such strategic partnerships and other alternative arrangements for the sale of PureFive™ resin products because PCT’s products may be deemed to be at too early of a stage of development for collaborative effort or third parties may not view PCT’s product as having the requisite potential to demonstrate commercial success. If PCT is unable to reach agreements with existing or future collaborators on a timely basis, on acceptable terms or at all, PCT may have to curtail the development of PureFive™ resin products, reduce or delay the development program, delay potential commercialization, reduce the scope of any sales or marketing activities or increase expenditures and undertake development or commercialization activities at PCT’s own expense. If PCT elects to fund development or commercialization activities on its own, PCT may need to obtain additional expertise and additional capital, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. If PCT fails to enter into collaborations and does not have sufficient funds or expertise to undertake the necessary development and commercialization activities, PCT may not be able to further develop product candidates and PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may be materially and adversely affected. ***PCT’s failure to secure waste polypropylene could have a negative impact on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.*** PCT’s ability to procure a sufficient quantity and quality of post-industrial and post-consumer waste that contains high levels of polypropylene as feedstock is dependent upon certain factors outside of PCT’s control including, but not limited to, changes to pricing levels for waste polypropylene, recycled polypropylene and non-recycled polypropylene, shortages in supply, interruptions affecting suppliers (including those due to operational restraints, industrial relations, transportation difficulties, accidents or natural disasters), or the introduction of new laws or regulations that make access to waste polypropylene more difficult or expensive. Additionally, while PCT believes it has sourced sufficient feedstock of desirable quality and with high levels of polypropylene, and that it has the ability to increase polypropylene content at its pre-processing facilities, it cannot guarantee that feedstock suppliers will have sufficient quantities available and at the appropriate specifications in accordance with their respective agreements with PCT. If feedstock is not available to PCT in sufficient quantity and of requisite quality and with high levels of polypropylene, PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be materially adversely impacted. ***Because PCT’s global expansion requires sourcing feedstock and supplies and shipping product around the world (including Asia and Europe) changes to international trade agreements, tariffs, import and excise duties, taxes or other governmental rules and regulations could adversely affect PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.*** PCT’s global expansion model will require sourcing feedstock from suppliers around the world. The U.S. federal government or other governmental bodies may propose changes to international trade agreements, tariffs, taxes and other government rules and regulations. For example, the new U.S. presidential administration has announced substantial tariffs on foreign imports into the United States, particularly from China, Canada, and Mexico. If any restrictions or significant increases in costs or tariffs are imposed related to feedstock sourced from Asia, Europe, or elsewhere, as a result of amendments to existing trade agreements, and PCT’s supply costs consequently increase, PCT may be required to raise PureFive™ resin product prices, which may result in decreased margins, the loss of customers, and a material adverse effect on PCT’s financial results. The extent to which PCT’s margins could decrease in response to any future tariffs is uncertain. PCT continues to evaluate the impact of effective trade agreements, as well as other recent changes in foreign trade policy on its supply chain, costs, sales and profitability, which could negatively impact PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Any such impact could be material. ***There is no guarantee the Feed PreP facilities will be viable or achieve the expected efficiencies.*** In conjunction with the Augusta Facility and other future purification facilities, PCT will also build and operate Feed PreP facilities in locations geographically near the feed sources in an effort to optimize PCT’s supply chain economics. These Feed PreP facilities are expected to employ feedstock processing systems with advanced sorting capabilities that can handle various types of plastics in addition to polypropylene (designated as no. 5 plastic), such as plastic bales between #1 and #7. There is no guarantee that the Feed PreP facilities will be successful. If the feedstock processing systems don’t operate as expected, or in a commercially viable manner or are constrained from receiving permits necessary to operate the facilities by city, country or state regulations; the Feed PreP facilities fail to achieve the expected efficiencies, including due to increased shipping costs; as well as fail to reduce average expenditures on feedstock and reduce overall operating costs, PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be materially adversely impacted. ### There is no guarantee the “Feedstock+” pricing model will be successful. PCT’s Feedstock+ pricing model for offtake agreements uses a formula based on: (i) a secondary materials per pound pricing index for curbside bales divided by a fixed polypropylene yield loss modifier plus (ii) a fixed base price per pound covering PCT’s operating and conversion costs. The Feedstock+ pricing model is designed to mitigate PCT’s operating margins by incorporating the feedstock market price fluctuations, upside and downside, into the PureFive™ price. There is no guarantee that the “Feedstock+” pricing model will be successful and that most of or all of the counterparties will enter into offtake agreements with PCT using this pricing model in sufficient numbers or at all. Additionally, counterparties may attempt to reduce or eliminate the fixed base price which would reduce and potentially eliminate the effort to de-risk PCT’s operating margins. If PCT is unable to incorporate its “Feedstock+” pricing model into its future offtake agreements, in part or at all, or unable to negotiate a sufficiently high fixed base price or procure feedstock above the secondary materials markets pricing index, PCT’s business, financial condition, and results of operations and prospects could be materially adversely impacted. ***PCT is subject to many hazards and operational risks at its manufacturing facility that can result in potential injury to individuals, disrupt its business, and subject PCT to liability and increased costs, any of which could have a material adverse effect on PCT’s business, financial condition and results of operations.*** PCT’s processes involve the controlled use of chemicals, including flammable and combustible materials that are potentially hazardous. As a result, PCT’s operations are subject to various industrial risks, including discharges or releases of flammable or hazardous materials, dangers resulting from confined operating spaces, fires, explosions, and mechanical failures. These risks can result in personal injury, loss of life, catastrophic damage to or destruction of property and equipment or environmental damage, and related legal proceedings, including those commenced by regulators, neighbors, or others. Additionally, PCT may not be able to timely source and install replacement parts for damaged or broken equipment, which could result in an unanticipated interruption or suspension of our operations and the imposition of liability. Notwithstanding PCT’s extensive safety procedures and training, relief and depressurization systems, emergency shutdown systems, safety instrumented systems and interlocks, fire and gas detection, and fire suppression systems, the risk of injury or property damage cannot be completely eliminated. While PCT believes that it maintains adequate insurance coverage, PCT cannot guarantee that it will be able to maintain adequate insurance at reasonable rates or that its insurance coverage will be adequate to cover future claims that may arise. In the event of an incident or accident, PCT’s business could be disrupted and PCT could be liable for damages, and any such liability could exceed PCT’s resources, and have a negative impact on its financial condition and results of operations. The loss or shutdown over an extended period of operations at any of PCT’s facilities or any losses relating to these risks could also have a material adverse impact on its business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. ### Risks Related to the Market for PureFive™ Resin ***The market for PureFive™ resin is still in the development phase and the acceptance of PureFive™ resin by manufacturers and potential customers is not guaranteed.*** PCT has agreed to one or more strategic partnership term sheets to enter into offtake agreements with a term of 20 years, whereby PCT guarantees the PureFive™ resin products to meet specific criteria for color and opacity. There is no odor specification in the offtake agreements. Any such changes to the strategic partnership term sheet may require modifications to PCT’s executed offtake agreements for both the Ironton Facility and the Augusta Facility. Pursuant to the strategic partnership term sheet and PCT’s executed offtake agreements, PCT must provide samples of the product to each customer so that the customer may determine if the product meets specifications, regulatory and legal requirements, the customer’s internal policies, and technical, safety, and other qualifications for PureFive™ resin use in the customer’s products. The inability of PCT to provide product of sufficient quantity and quality for sale pursuant to the offtake agreements is likely to materially adversely affect PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. The premium pricing depicted in recent offtake agreements may also adversely affect the acquisition of new customers. Furthermore, future market trends for recycled product, changes in brand owner strategies and changes in consumer preferences for circular or low carbon footprint products could reduce PCT’s customer’s demand for PureFive™ resin, which would be likely to materially adversely affect PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. ***Certain of PCT’s offtake agreements are subject to index pricing, and fluctuation in index prices may adversely impact PCT’s financial results.*** PCT expects the price of its PureFive™ resin to continue to command a premium over the price of virgin resin and generally not be subject to fluctuations in the price of virgin polypropylene, but there is no guarantee of this result. While most offtake agreements have been executed using the Feedstock + pricing model, certain of PCT’s legacy strategic partnership agreements’ pricing formulas for PureFive™ resin use a pricing formula based on fixed and index pricing using historical and forecast pricing for virgin resin produced from fossil fuels. If PCT is unable to modify the legacy terms to a Feedstock+ pricing or should the modeled index price for virgin resin be materially lower than the cost to produce PureFive™ resin from waste polypropylene feedstock, PCT would have to absorb the cost difference between virgin resin and PureFive™ resin production for those customers, and PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may be materially adversely impacted. ***Competition could reduce demand for PCT’s products or negatively affect PCT’s sales mix or price realization. Failure to compete effectively by meeting consumer preferences, developing and marketing innovative solutions, maintaining strong customer service and distribution relationships, and expanding solutions capabilities and reach could adversely affect PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.*** PCT operates in a competitive global market for polypropylene sources — both virgin and recycled polypropylene. Competitors or new entrants might develop new products or technologies which compete with PCT and its proprietary Technology. PCT cannot predict changes that might affect its competitiveness or whether existing competitors or new entrants might develop products that reduce demand for PCT’s PureFive™ resin products. The development of new products or technologies which compete with PCT’s PureFive™ resin products may have a material adverse effect on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. In addition, PCT has granted a sublicense of P&G intellectual property back to P&G under the terms of the License Agreement, with a limited right to sublicense by P&G (the “Grant Back”). Under the Grant Back, for five years after the effective date of the License Agreement, the aggregate tonnage that may be produced under the Grant Back will be capped at a certain level per year worldwide. Beyond year 5, that aggregate annual tonnage will be expanded for each of the six regions worldwide. P&G has agreed that territory under the Grant Back will exclude the start of construction of a plant within a certain radius of the Ironton Facility for five years from the effective date of the License Agreement and that P&G will not be bound by the tonnage limitations if certain construction and sales deadlines are not met for future facilities in other regions. If P&G is able to establish production, either on its own or through a sublicense agreement with another partner, in any territory, P&G production will remain capped within that territory beyond the 5 years. If P&G sublicenses the P&G intellectual property under the Grant Back to other manufacturers, the aggregate production of recycled polypropylene resin and supply to markets could increase, adversely impacting PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. ***Delays to direct customer commercial sales may adversely impact PCT's financial results.*** In addition to sales through distributors, PCT’s current business model is reliant on sales directly to companies that value sustainability. The process for obtaining customer acceptance of PureFive™ as a substitute and/or replacement for traditional virgin or mechanically recycled polypropylene, and the ability to sell into a customer’s supply chain, is typically dependent upon the successful trials from one or more samples of PCT’s PureFive™ resin. These trials could take an extended period of time depending upon the application into which the PCT’s PureFive™ resin will be used. The ability for PCT to fund its operations and service its debt requirements is highly dependent upon PCT’s ability to develop meaningful commercial sales directly to customers. The failure to obtain timely customer approval and extended delays in customers’ adoption of PCT’s PureFive™ as a substitute for a customer’s existing polypropylene supplies may have a material adverse effect on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. ### Risks Related to Regulatory Developments ***PCT may not be able to meet applicable regulatory requirements for the use of PCT’s PureFive™ resin in food grade applications, and, even if the requirements are met, complying on an ongoing basis with the numerous regulatory requirements applicable to the PureFive™ resin and PCT’s facilities will be time-consuming and costly.*** The use of PureFive™ resin in food grade applications is subject to regulation by the FDA. The FDA has established certain guidelines for the use of recycled plastics in food packaging, as set forth in the “Guidance for Industry - Use of Recycled Plastics in Food Packaging: Chemistry Considerations (August 2006).” In order for the PureFive™ resin to be used in food grade applications, PCT will request one or more LNOs from the FDA, as described in Government Regulation - FDA Requirements in Item 1. The Company’s current LNO from the FDA allows for purified product to be used for all food types per the conditions of use listed and per all applicable authorizations in the food contact regulations listed in the 21 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21). The process for obtaining further LNOs will include FDA evaluation of the PCT purification process and the Technology. All LNOs require that feedstock to the PCT process should comply with all applicable authorizations, including 21 CFR 174.5 - General provisions applicable to indirect food additives. The Company is conducting additional testing and plans to make further LNO submissions. In addition, as needed, individual surrogate challenge testing and migration studies will be conducted to simulate articles in contact with food. Surrogate challenge testing is required for the FDA’s evaluation of PCT’s Technology. The need for migration testing is informed by the results from the surrogate challenge testing. The process of obtaining FDA regulatory approval requires the expenditure of substantial time, of up to one year, and significant financial resources. The FDA could refuse to approve further LNO applications (in whole or in part), a decision may be delayed if the FDA has questions about the data or other aspects of the filing, or the review schedule may be extended if there are a significant number of LNO requests pending since the FDA is under no time limit to decide on LNO requests. All of the above could have an adverse effect on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Furthermore, changes in regulatory requirements, laws and policies, or evolving interpretations of existing regulatory requirements, laws and policies, may result in increased compliance costs, delays, capital expenditures and other financial obligations that could adversely affect PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. PCT also expects to encounter regulations in most if not all of the countries in which PCT may seek to expand, and PCT cannot be sure that it will be able to obtain necessary approvals in a timely manner or at all. If PCT’s PureFive™ resin does not meet applicable regulatory requirements in a particular country or at all, then PCT may face reduced market demand in those countries and PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects will be adversely affected. The various regulatory schemes applicable to PCT’s PureFive™ resin will continue to apply following initial approval. Monitoring regulatory changes and ensuring our ongoing compliance with applicable requirements is time-consuming and may affect PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operation and prospects. If PCT fails to comply with such requirements on an ongoing basis, PCT may be subject to fines or other penalties, or may be prevented from selling PureFive™ resin products, and PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operation and prospects may be harmed. ***Legislative, regulatory or judicial developments could affect PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.*** PCT is subject to extensive air, water and other environmental and workplace safety laws and regulations at the federal and state level. In addition, PCT will be subject to additional regulatory regimes upon expanding to new regions, including foreign regulatory authorities in the European Union such as the European Commission, the European Food Safety Authority, and similar regulatory authorities elsewhere, such as in Asia. Some of these laws require or may require PCT to operate under a number of environmental permits. These laws, regulations and permits can often require pollution control equipment or operational changes to limit actual or potential impacts to the environment. These laws, regulations and permit conditions may change and become more difficult to comply with. A violation of these laws, regulations or permit conditions could result in substantial fines, damages, criminal sanctions, permit revocations and/or a plant shutdown. In addition, proposals relating to recycling or recycling content and prohibitions on certain types of plastic products have been introduced and/or adopted in various jurisdictions, and we anticipate that similar legislation or regulations may be proposed in the future at federal, state, and local levels, both within the United States and elsewhere. Any such action may have a material adverse effect on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. ### Risks Related to Human Capital Management ***PCT is dependent on management and key personnel, and PCT’s business would suffer if it fails to retain its key personnel and attract additional highly skilled employees.*** PCT’s success is dependent on the specialized skills of its management team and key operating personnel. This may present particular challenges as PCT operates in a highly specialized industry sector, which may make replacement of its management team and key operating personnel difficult. A loss of the managers or key employees, or their failure to satisfactorily perform their responsibilities, could have an adverse effect on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. PCT’s future success will depend on its ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate and retain highly qualified personnel for all areas of its organization, particularly research and development, recycling technology, operations and sales. Trained and experienced personnel are in high demand and may be in short supply. Many of the companies with which PCT competes for experienced employees have greater resources than PCT does and may be able to offer more attractive terms of employment. In addition, PCT invests significant time and expense in training employees, which increases their value to competitors that may seek to recruit them. PCT may not be able to attract, develop and maintain the skilled workforce necessary to operate its business, and labor expenses may increase as a result of a shortage in the supply of qualified personnel, which will negatively impact PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. ### Risks Related to PCT’s Common Stock ***Certain current and former stockholders of PCT have the right to elect a certain number of directors to PCT’s board of directors.*** Pursuant to a letter agreement entered into between Pure Crown LLC (“Pure Crown”) and PCT, dated October 5, 2020, Pure Crown is entitled to select one director to the board of directors of PCT (the “Pure Crown Director”), and Pure Crown designated Ms. Tanya Burnell as the current Pure Crown Director. For so long as Pure Crown has this right to select one director to the board of PCT, any vacancy with respect to the Pure Crown Director may only be filled by Pure Crown. Furthermore, pursuant to the board representation agreement, dated March 7, 2022, between PCT and Sylebra Capital Management (“Sylebra Capital”) has been granted the right to designate (i) one person to be nominated for election to the Board so long as Sylebra Capital together with its affiliates beneficially owns at least 10.0% of the Company’s common stock, and (ii) two persons to be nominated for election to the Board so long as Sylebra Capital together with its affiliates beneficially owns at least 15.0% of the Company’s common stock, subject to certain exceptions, including that Sylebra Capital together with its affiliates will not be entitled to designate more than two nominees. Accordingly, Sylebra Capital is currently entitled to designate two directors for nomination, and has designated Jeff Fieler and Dan Coombs to serve on the board of PCT. ***Future offerings of debt or offerings or issuances of equity securities by PCT may adversely affect the market price of PCT’s common stock or otherwise dilute all other stockholders.*** In the future, PCT may attempt to obtain financing or further increase PCT’s capital resources by issuing additional shares of PCT’s common stock or offering debt or other equity securities, including commercial paper, medium-term notes, senior or subordinated notes, debt securities convertible into equity or shares of preferred stock. PCT also expects to grant equity awards to employees, directors, and consultants under PCT’s stock incentive plans. The implementation of PCT’s business strategy could require substantial additional capital in excess of cash from operations. PCT would expect to obtain the capital required for the implementation of its business strategy through a combination of additional issuances of equity, corporate indebtedness and/or cash from operations, which may be effectuated through private financings. Issuing additional shares of PCT’s common stock or other equity securities or securities convertible into equity may dilute the economic and voting rights of PCT’s existing stockholders or reduce the market price of PCT’s common stock or both. Upon liquidation, holders of such debt securities and preferred shares, if issued, and lenders with respect to other borrowings would receive a distribution of PCT’s available assets prior to the holders of PCT’s common stock. Preferred shares, if issued, could have a preference with respect to liquidating distributions or a preference with respect to dividend payments that could limit PCT’s ability to pay dividends to the holders of PCT’s common stock. PCT’s decision to issue securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond PCT’s control, which may adversely affect the amount, timing and nature of PCT’s future offerings. ***Conversion of the Convertible Notes may dilute the ownership interest of PCT stockholders or may otherwise depress the price of our common stock.*** The conversion of some or all of the Convertible Notes may dilute the ownership interests of PCT stockholders. Upon conversion of the Convertible Notes, PCT has the option to pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of PCT common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of PCT common stock. If PCT elects to settle the conversion obligation in shares of PCT common stock or a combination of cash and shares of PCT common stock, any sales in the public market of PCT common stock issuable upon such conversion could adversely affect prevailing market prices of PCT common stock. In addition, the existence of the Convertible Notes and/or the affiliate Convertible Notes may encourage short selling by market participants because the conversion of the Convertible Notes and/or the affiliate Convertible Notes could be used to satisfy short positions, or anticipated conversion of the Convertible Notes and/or the affiliate Convertible Notes into shares of PCT common stock could depress the price of PCT common stock. ### General Risk Factors ***PCT may be unable to obtain additional financing to fund the operations and growth of the business.*** PCT requires additional financing to fund its operations and growth. The failure to secure additional financing could have a material adverse effect on the continued development and growth of PCT. Such financings may result in dilution to stockholders, issuance of securities with priority as to liquidation and dividend and other rights more favorable than common stock, imposition of debt covenants and repayment obligations, or other restrictions that may adversely affect its business. In addition, PCT may seek additional capital due to favorable market conditions or strategic considerations even if it believes that it has sufficient funds for current or future operating plans. There can be no assurance that financing will be available to PCT on favorable terms, or at all. The inability to obtain financing when needed may make it more difficult for PCT to operate its business or implement its growth plans. ## Cybersecurity As filed, 3,591 characters. Information about cybersecurity risks and PCT’s risk management processes is collected, analyzed and considered as part of PCT’s overall enterprise risk management program. PCT has a cybersecurity risk management program intended to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of PCT’s information systems and data by assessing, identifying, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats. PCT’s cybersecurity risk management program includes: - risk assessments designed to help identify cybersecurity risks to PCT’s information systems, data, services, and its broader enterprise IT environment; - a security team principally responsible for managing PCT’s cybersecurity risk assessment processes, PCT’s security controls, and PCT’s response to cybersecurity incidents; - the use of certain external service providers, where appropriate, to assess, test or otherwise assist with aspects of PCT’s security processes; - cybersecurity awareness training of PCT’s employees, incident response personnel and senior management; - a cybersecurity incident response plan that includes procedures for responding to cybersecurity incidents; and - a third-party cyber risk management process for third parties that interact with our systems and data including, among other things, a security assessment and contracting program for such third-parties based on their risk profile. As of the date of this Form 10-K, PCT has not identified risks as a result of prior cybersecurity incidents, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect, PCT’s operations, business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. PCT faces certain ongoing risks from cybersecurity threats that, if realized, are reasonably likely to materially affect PCT, including PCT’s operations, business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. See “Risk Factors – Cybersecurity incidents and the failure to maintain the integrity of PCT’s systems or infrastructure, or those of third parties with which PCT does business, could have a material adverse effect on PCT’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.” ### Cybersecurity Governance PCT’s Board considers cybersecurity risk as part of its risk oversight. Oversight of cybersecurity and other information technology risks, as well as management’s implementation of PCT’s cybersecurity risk management program, is the responsibility of the Board. While the Board has delegated to the Audit and Finance Committee the responsibility to discuss with management and the independent auditors PCT’s underlying policies and guidelines with respect to risk assessment and risk management, including with respect to cybersecurity, data privacy, data security and continuity, not less than once annually, the full Board receives a briefing from management on PCT’s cybersecurity risk management program and ongoing initiatives and strategies to address and monitor specific cybersecurity risks. Presentations on cybersecurity matters are provided to the Board by PCT’s information technology (“IT”) leadership. In addition, management updates the Audit and Finance Committee and the Board, as necessary, regarding any significant cybersecurity incidents, to the extent any occur. PCT’s Director of IT has over 20 years of experience in cybersecurity management and information systems. Management along with third-party assistance from a recognized expert in unified cyber security and compliance expertise, monitors, manages, and assesses PCT’s risks from cybersecurity threats. ## Properties As filed, 2,292 characters. PCT owns the land at the Ironton Facility. PCT, through a subsidiary, also leases a building and its approximately two acres of land located diagonally from the FEU to use for PCT’s operations from the Lawrence Economic Development Commission. The lease was executed in May of 2021 and expires in May 2026, though PCT may extend the lease for up to three additional five-year terms. PCT leases its current corporate headquarters, which consists of approximately 3,515 square feet located at 20 North Orange Avenue, Suite 106, Orlando, FL, 32801, and that lease expires March 31, 2028. In 2021, the Company entered into an operating lease of commercial land and building for a Feed PreP facility in Winter Garden, Florida, which expires in August 2032. On June 30, 2023, the Company and The Augusta Economic Development Authority (“AEDA”) executed a lease for a 150-acre tract in Augusta, Georgia, with the ability to lease an adjacent second tract totaling approximately 50 acres, subject to various milestones. This property will house PCT’s first U.S. multi-line facility. The land, buildings and equipment for the facility will be owned by the AEDA and will be leased to the Company under a legal sale-leaseback structure that will provide certain local property tax incentives to the Company as lessee of the property. During the lease term and at the conclusion of the lease in 2044, the Company will have the right to acquire title to the property from the AEDA for a nominal cost. In January 2023, the Company signed a real estate lease at the Port of Antwerp-Bruges’ NextGen District, where it plans to build its first purification facility in Europe, with an initial term of 30 years and total minimum lease payments over the term of the lease of approximately €27.7 million, subject to annual inflation adjustments. This lease commenced at the end of June 2023. Effective September 1, 2023, the Company executed an operating lease for a lab facility in Durham, North Carolina. This lease will expire January 31, 2029. In October 2024, the Company commenced an operating lease of commercial land and building which contains 325,500 square feet in Denver, Pennsylvania, where it began operations of a Feedstock PreP facility. The lease agreement has an initial term of 15 years. ## Legal proceedings As filed, 661 characters. For a description of the legal proceedings pending against us, see “Legal Proceedings” in Note 15 (“Commitments and Contingencies”) to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10‑K. In the future, PCT may become party to additional legal matters and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. While PCT is unable to predict the outcome of the above or future matters, it does not believe, based upon currently available facts, that the ultimate resolution of any such pending matters will have a material adverse effect on its overall financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. ## Management's discussion and analysis As filed, 86,661 characters. *The following discussion and analysis provides information which PCT’s management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of PCT’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition. The discussion should be read together with the audited consolidated financial statements, together with related notes thereto, included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” to “we”, “us”, “our”, and “the Company” are intended to mean the business and operations of PCT and its consolidated subsidiaries.* ### Overview PureCycle Technologies, Inc. (“PCT” or “Company”) is a Florida-based corporation focused on commercializing a patented dissolution recycling technology to physically separate the polymer from other plastics, color, and contaminants (the “Technology”), originally developed by The Procter & Gamble Company (“P&G”), for restoring waste polypropylene into resin, called PureFive™ resin, which has similar properties and applicability for reuse as virgin polypropylene. PCT has a global license for the Technology from P&G. In April 2023, we certified the Ironton Facility as mechanically complete. We expect to have capacity of approximately 107 million pounds per year when fully operational. Commissioning activities are ongoing, but the plant is not yet operating at the expected full capacity. PCT’s goal is to create an important new segment of the global polypropylene market that will assist multinational entities in meeting their sustainability goals, providing consumers with polypropylene-based products that are sustainable, and reducing overall polypropylene waste in the world’s landfills and oceans. PCT’s process includes the following steps: - Feed Pre-Processing (“Feed PreP”) collects, sorts, and prepare polypropylene waste (“feedstock”) for purification. The purification step is a dissolution process that uses a combination of solvent, temperature, and pressure to return the feedstock to near-virgin condition through a novel configuration of commercially available equipment and unit operations. - Purification is a dissolution recycling process that uses a combination of solvent, temperature, and pressure to return the feedstock to near-virgin condition through a novel configuration of commercially available equipment and unit operations. The purification process puts the plastic through a physical extraction process using supercritical fluids that both extract and filter out other plastics and additives to purify the color, opacity, and odor of the plastic without changing the bonds of the polymer. By not altering the chemical makeup of the polymer, the Company is able to use significantly less energy and reduce production costs as compared to virgin resin. - Compounding is a step which can be used on a case-by-case basis. Compounding allows for the modification of the resin to meet the end-user’s qualifications with melt flow, flexibility, clarity and strength being some of the properties that can be tailored through compounding. ### The Feedstock Evaluation Unit The FEU is an 11,000 square foot facility located adjacent to the commercial line at the Ironton Facility with over 1 mile of stainless-steel piping. The facility was completed in July 2019 and has been producing PureFive™ resin since that time. The FEU is considered a pilot scale replica of the larger commercial line at the Ironton Facility. ### The Ironton Facility Located on the same site as the FEU, PCT commenced construction in October 2020 of its first commercial-scale plant, the Ironton Facility. PCT commenced commissioning activities at the Ironton Facility in April 2023, and later in 2023, PCT achieved mechanical completion of the plant and commenced pellet production from post-industrial and post-consumer materials. The Ironton Facility is expected to have PureFive™ resin capacity of approximately 107 million pounds per year when fully operational. While the facility is currently operational, PCT is pacing production with the level of anticipated commercial sales, while working on improving reliability and product quality. During 2024, the Company initiated compounding operations to blend its resin with either post-industrial recycled material or virgin polypropylene, which is expected to improve product consistency and accelerate the product delivery to customers. Currently, PCT is focused on customer sampling and qualifications and believes that this will lead to meaningful future sales. PCT has experienced intermittent mechanical challenges during the commissioning process including, but not limited to, limits in the rates at which certain contaminants can currently be removed from the purification process, as well as challenges with sustaining continuous operations. Recently, PCT has been focused on the recovery and removal of polyethylene and other solids (“CP2”), which impacts the ability to run higher volumes and produce consistent, high quality PureFive™ resin. PCT has modified the CP2 removal system to remove higher volumes of CP2 more quickly and believes these changes enable us to produce higher volumes of on-spec product. The Company is currently testing the system improvements at various operating conditions to validate the new limits. ### The Research and Development Lab The lease for the Company's research and development lab in Durham, North Carolina commenced in 2023 and the facility opened in 2024. The lab is instrumental in developing cutting-edge analytical techniques to characterize polymer-solvent interaction in supercritical fluids, advancing fundamental process understanding to target hard to recycle polypropylene materials, generating insights into process modifications that drive energy reduction and capital expenditure reductions for future plant sites, leveraging research and development analytical techniques and expertise to allow industries with traditionally low recycling rates to adopt recycled polypropylene material, and supporting zero-waste efforts by engaging third parties to utilize Co-Product 1 and CP2. ### The Augusta Facility In July 2021, PCT reached an agreement with the Augusta Economic Development Authority (“AEDA”) to build its first U.S. facility with multiple lines for both Feed PreP and purification (“multi-line facility”) in Augusta, Georgia (the “Augusta Facility”). PCT expects the approximately 200-acre location to eventually include up to eight production lines, which are expected to collectively have PureFive™ resin production capacity of approximately 1 billion pounds per year. When fully operational, each purification line at the Augusta Facility is expected to have annual production capacity of approximately 130 million pounds of PCT’s PureFive™ resin. PureCycle has allocated 40% of the Augusta Facility output for Lines 1 and 2 to existing customers and expects that additional offtake agreements will continue to be negotiated. On June 30, 2023, PCT and the AEDA executed an Economic Development Agreement (“EDA”) related to the Company’s plans to construct the Augusta Facility. Pursuant to the AEDA, PCT expects to receive certain property tax abatement benefits as well as certain other incentives, including site infrastructure development assistance (“Incentive Benefits”). In order to receive the Incentive Benefits under Phase One (as defined below) of the Augusta Project, PCT will be obligated to create 82 full-time jobs with investments of at least $440 million no later than December 31, 2026. Through December 31, 2024, PCT has invested approximately $114.0 million for pre-construction engineering and long-lead equipment for the benefit of Phase One investments. If PCT elects to activate the second phase of the Augusta Project, PCT will be required to create an additional 25 full-time jobs and investments of $295 million no later than December 31, 2028. To the extent PCT fails to achieve an average of 80% of the jobs and investment commitments in any year over the 20-years of each phase, PCT will be required to make a repayment to the AEDA of a pro rata portion of the total value of the Incentive Benefits received by PCT in such year. Also on June 30, 2023, PCT entered into a series of agreements with the AEDA to construct phase one (“Phase One”) of the Augusta Facility. PCT is leasing 150 acres of land (“Real Property”) owned by the AEDA and will construct buildings, building equipment, and other structures (the “Improvements”) on the land. PCT will also acquire and install the necessary processing, warehousing, and other equipment, as well as conveyors and pipelines (the “Equipment”, together with the Real Property and the Improvements, the “Augusta Project”). The Improvements and Equipment will be transferred to the AEDA and leased back by PCT. As noted above, PCT anticipates that the first portion of Phase One will consist of one purification line. Also as noted above, construction of the first purification line must be completed by December 31, 2026. The legal sale-leaseback structure provides the Incentive Benefits to PCT as lessee of the Augusta Project. PCT will remain the owner of the Improvements and Equipment for accounting purposes during the term of the lease as PCT will have the right to acquire title to the Augusta Project for a nominal amount during the term and at the conclusion of the arrangement, which has an initial expiration date in 2044. The payments PCT makes to the AEDA during the term of the arrangement are not otherwise expected to be material. In November 2024, the Company commenced early works construction activities including site clearing and grading. When early works are successfully completed, expected next steps should include underground utility installation, piling, and foundations. Pursuant to the EDA, PCT must continue construction progress on the first purification line under the first phase of the Augusta Project during 2025 or risk losing certain future Incentive Benefits. While the Company believes it has satisfied the contractual obligations regarding financing and construction of Phase One to date, the AEDA believes that it could seek to terminate the lease if PCT does not demonstrate further progress on Phase One. Market conditions remain challenging and have created uncertainty as to the timing or likelihood of success of the currently anticipated project financing for the Augusta Facility. As a result, PCT is currently pursuing various structures for project financing of the Augusta Facility. While PCT remains confident in its ability to finance the Augusta Facility, it is limiting its expenses and adjusting its timeline in light of this uncertainty. If PCT is unable to raise additional debt or equity, when desired, or on terms favorable to PCT, PCT’s business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected. #### Feedstock Pricing PCT sees a robust pipeline of demand for its recycled polypropylene and PCT is seeing market acceptance of its “Feedstock+” pricing model for its PureFive™ resin. The Feedstock+ pricing model divides the market cost of feedstock by a set yield-loss and adds a fixed price, which effectively passes on the cost of feedstock and de-risks PCT’s operating margin volatility. For the Ironton Facility, PCT’s feedstock price was linked, in part, to changes in the Chemical Market Analysis, the index for virgin polypropylene, a price schedule that contained a fixed, collared price around an index price range, which was further adjusted based on the percentage of polypropylene in the feedstock supplied. For the Augusta Facility and future purification facilities, PCT plans to link the feedstock price, in part, to the price of a #5 plastic bale of polypropylene as reported by recyclingmarkets.net (“Feedstock Market Pricing”). PCT will procure both feedstock in line with Feedstock Market Pricing as well as low value feedstocks that can be processed by PCT, below Feedstock Market Pricing for the Augusta Facility. #### PreP Facilities PCT has installed a feedstock processing system with advanced sorting capabilities that can handle various types of plastics in addition to polypropylene (designated as #5 plastic). PCT’s enhanced sorting should allow PCT to process plastic bales between #1 and #7. PCT’s Feed PreP facilities extract polypropylene used in PCT’s purification process, while the non-polypropylene feed will be sorted, baled, and subsequently sold on the open market. PCT has built a Feed PreP facility in Denver, Pennsylvania ("Denver Facility"), which began operating in October 2024, to provide the required mix and quality of feedstock necessary to meet its offtake requirements at the Ironton Facility. In conjunction with the Denver Facility, PCT also plans to build and operate Feed PreP facilities in locations geographically near the feed sources to optimize PCT’s supply chain economics. During the third quarter of 2022, PCT experienced challenges obtaining the necessary water and sewer permits to construct its first planned Feed PreP facility in Central Florida. PCT is currently pursuing legal remedies with regard to its obligations for the remaining 8 years of its 11-year lease agreement for the Central Florida facility. PCT is also evaluating alternative preprocessing sites in other locations. #### Letter of No Objection Submission and the Granting of FDA Food Packaging Clearances for Certain Feedstocks On September 10, 2021, PCT filed for a FDA LNO for Conditions of Use A – H. Conditions of Use describe the temperature and duration at which a material should be tested to simulate the way the material is intended to be used. Conditions of Use C – H address many consumer product packaging requirements, including applications for hot filled and pasteurized, as well as room temperature, refrigerated and frozen applications. Generally speaking, Conditions of Use A and B relate to extreme temperature applications. The LNO submission also defines the feedstock sources for the Company’s planned commercial recycling process, and this LNO submission pertained to (i) food grade post-industrial recycled feedstocks and (ii) food grade curbside post-consumer recycled feedstocks. On September 6, 2022, PCT received two separate notifications from the FDA with respect to the following two feedstock sources: (i) Food grade post-industrial recycled feedstocks: an FDA LNO for approving Conditions of Use A – H and (ii) Food-grade post-consumer recycled feedstock from stadiums: an FDA LNO for Conditions of Use E – G. On June 11, 2024, the Company received an additional LNO from the FDA, which expands upon the previous LNO and allows use of PCT's PureFive™ resin (to the extent made from food grade post-consumer recycled material) in contact with all food types under FDA's Conditions of Use A through H. The Company’s FDA food contact grades are capable of being used for all food types per the conditions of use listed and per all applicable authorizations in the food contact regulations listed in the 21 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21). The Company is conducting additional testing and plans to make further LNO submissions for additional post-consumer recycled feedstock sources and expanded Conditions of Use. #### Future Expansion On January 17, 2023, the Company announced its first European purification facility is planned to be in Antwerp, Belgium. The Company is also planning to expand its production capabilities into Asia through negotiation of joint ventures with Mitsui & Co. Ltd. in Japan for in-country production and sales. Future expansion is dependent on successful completion of project financing. ### Components of Results of Operations ### Revenue PCT generated an immaterial amount of revenue during 2024 but has not yet reached significant continuous operational volumes at the Ironton Facility or significant revenue generation. ### Operating Costs Operating expenses to date have consisted mainly of personnel costs (including wages, salaries and benefits) and other costs directly related to operations at PCT’s operating facilities, including rent, depreciation, repairs and maintenance, utilities and supplies. Costs attributable to the design and development of the Ironton Facility, Augusta Facility, and Feed PreP facilities in Central Florida and Denver, Pennsylvania, are capitalized and, when placed in service, will be depreciated over the expected useful life of the asset. We expect our operating costs to increase as we continue to scale operations and increase headcount. ### Research and Development Expense Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs related to the development of the Technology, the facilities and equipment that will use the Technology to purify recycled polypropylene, and the processes needed to collect, sort, and prepare feedstock for purification. These include mainly personnel costs, depreciation for long-lived assets, third-party consulting costs, and the cost of various recycled waste. We expect our research and development expenses to increase for the foreseeable future as we increase investment in feedstock evaluation, including investment in new front-end feedstock mechanical separators to improve feedstock purity and increase the range of feedstocks PCT can process economically. In addition, we are increasing our in-house feedstock analytical capabilities, which will include additional supporting equipment and personnel. ### Selling, General and Administrative Expense Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related expenses for our corporate, executive, finance and other administrative functions and professional services, including legal, audit and accounting services. As our business grows, our selling, general, and administrative expenses may increase, and they may also increase as a result of operating as a public company, including compliance with the rules and regulations of the SEC, legal, audit, additional insurance expenses, investor relations activities, and other administrative and professional services. ### Results of Operations The following table summarizes our operating results for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022: *(in thousands, except %)* | Costs and expenses | For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 | $ Change | % Change | 2022 | $ Change | % Change | | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | | Operating costs | $82,275 | $52,392 | $(29,883) | (57)% | $23,724 | $(28,668) | (121)% | | Research and development | 6,436 | 6,607 | 171 | 3% | 4,350 | (2,257) | (52)% | | Selling, general and administrative | 56,671 | 54,902 | (1,769) | (3)% | 53,244 | (1,658) | (3)% | | Total operating costs and expenses | 145,382 | 113,901 | (31,481) | (28)% | 81,318 | (32,583) | (40)% | | Interest expense | 56,850 | 31,368 | (25,482) | (81)% | 2,312 | (29,056) | (1257)% | | Interest Income | (5,194) | (10,863) | (5,669) | (52)% | (4,953) | 5,910 | 119% | | Change in fair value of warrants | 71,610 | (33,824) | (105,434) | (312)% | 5,842 | 39,666 | 679% | | Loss on debt extinguishment | 21,214 | — | (21,214) | N/A | — | — | N/A | | Other expense (income) | (647) | 483 | 1,130 | 234% | 227 | (256) | (113)% | | Provision (benefit) for income taxes | (79) | 650 | 729 | 112% | — | (650) | N/A | | Net loss | $(289,136) | $(101,715) | $(187,421) | (184)% | $(84,746) | $(16,969) | (20)% | ### Comparison of the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 ### Operating Costs The increase was attributable to higher depreciation expense related to assets supporting operations of $15.6 million due primarily to a full year of depreciation in 2024 after placing the Ironton Facility assets into service in the second quarter of 2023; increased operational site costs of $12.8 million related operating the Ironton Facility for a full year in 2024; increased employee costs of $2.3 million, increased rent for operating facilities of $2.0 million, primarily as a result of the lease of the Denver PreP facility; and $0.6 million of other net increases partially offset by $3 million lower professional fees primarily related to engineering services related to the Ironton Facility in 2023. ### Research and Development Expenses The decrease in research and development expenses was primarily due to $0.3 million decreased research and development activities, $0.2 million decrease in operational site costs related to facilities used in research and development, partially offset by $0.2 million increase in rent and $0.1 million increase in employee costs related to higher headcount of employees aligned to research and development activities. ### Selling, General and Administrative Expenses The increase was attributable to $5.1 million of higher professional, legal, and public company expenses primarily related to the revenue bonds repurchase and subsequent resell and $1.5 million of increased insurance costs; partially offset by decreased employee costs of $3.1 million, primarily due to headcount reductions in 2023 and the related 2024 reduction in wages and bonuses; $0.5 million of decreased equity-based compensation, $0.8 million in reduced taxes and licensure expenses, and $0.5 million in other SG&A costs. ### Interest expense The increase was attributable to additional financing incurred in the second and third quarters of 2023 and full year interest expense in 2024 related to these borrowings, including the closing of $250.0 million of green convertible senior notes in August 2023, as well as ceasing capitalization of interest on the Revenue Bonds beginning in June 2023 as the plant is now in service. ### Interest income The decrease was attributable to fewer available-for-sale debt securities in 2024 as well as lower interest rates in the latter half of 2024. ### Change in fair value of warrants The increased expense was attributable to the change in fair value of the Company’s liability-classified warrants, of which the primary drivers of the change in valuation related to changes in the underlying price of PCT’s common stock, as well as an increase in the number of warrants in 2024. ### Change in Loss on Debt Extinguishment The increase is a result of the loss recorded on the repurchase of the Revenue Bonds in 2024. See additional discussion below under "Liquidity and Capital Resources". ### Comparison of the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 Refer to Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 for the results of operations discussion for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022. This comparison was immaterially impacted by certain reclassifications to conform with the report classifications for these prior periods. ### Liquidity and Capital Resources During 2023 and 2024, PCT achieved mechanical completion of its Ironton facility and has focused on improving resin pellet production rates, overall reliability of the facility and product quality. Although we have commenced commercial operations, to date, we have only sold an immaterial amount of resin primarily for customer trials. PCT’s ongoing operations have, to date, been funded by a combination of equity financing through the issuance of units and debt financing through the issuance of various debt instruments. The following is a summary of the components of our current liquidity. As of December 31, 2024, Restricted cash consisted primarily of certain amounts held in a restricted escrow account related to the Augusta purification facility project. *(in thousands)* | | December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | | --- | ---: | ---: | | Cash | $15,683 | $73,411 | | Debt Securities Available for Sale | - | 48,226 | | Unrestricted Liquidity | $15,683 | $121,637 | | Ironton Facility Bond Reserves | $3,120 | $210,551 | | Augusta Construction Escrow | 16,398 | 14,423 | | Letters of Credit and Other Collateral | 6,310 | 4,129 | | Restricted Cash (current and non-current) | $25,828 | $229,103 | | Green Convertible Notes | $250,000 | $250,000 | | Revenue Bonds | 118,630 | 249,550 | | Equipment Financing Payable | 31,491 | 21,509 | | Pure Plastic Note Payable | - | 43,125 | | Less: Discount and Issuance Costs | (53,477) | (47,632) | | Gross Bonds and Notes Payable | $346,644 | $516,552 | As of December 31, 2024, PCT had $15.7 million of Unrestricted Liquidity, and had Restricted Cash of $25.8 million. PCT also has a $200.0 million revolving credit facility with Sylebra Capital (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) that is currently unused and expires on March 31, 2026. Any future borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility would accrue interest at 17.50%. PCT has experienced intermittent mechanical challenges during the commissioning process including, but not limited to, limits in the rates at which certain contaminants can currently be removed from the purification process, as well as challenges with sustaining continuous operations. Recently, PCT has been focused on the recovery and removal of polyethylene and other solids (“CP2”), which impacts the ability to run higher volumes and produce consistent, high quality PureFive™ resin. PCT has modified the CP2 removal system to remove higher volumes of CP2 more quickly and continues to evaluate the facility’s production systems and their impact on overall production rates and product quality. PCT believes these and other changes will enable us to produce higher volumes of commercial-grade products. On September 11, 2024, the Company entered into subscription agreements with certain investors pursuant to which it sold, in a private placement, approximately $90 million in the aggregate and before deducting fees and other estimated offering expenses of (i) Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share ("Series A Preferred Stock"); (ii) Common Stock and (iii) Series C Warrants. As of December 31, 2024, PCT has debt service and equipment finance payments of approximately $66.2 million due within one year after the date the consolidated financial statements are issued. Further, there are capital commitments of approximately $5.0 million related to final performance payments for the Ironton Facility. There are also other ongoing monthly costs associated with operating the Company and possible draws on the Revolving Credit Facility may be necessary. Pursuant to the requirements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 205-40, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern, management must evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year from the date the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are issued. This evaluation does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of management’s plans that have not been fully implemented or are not within control of the Company as of the date the financial statements are issued. When substantial doubt exists under this methodology, management evaluates whether the mitigating effect of its plans sufficiently alleviates substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The mitigating effect of management’s plans, however, is only considered if both (1) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued, and (2) it is probable that the plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the consolidated financial statements are issued. PCT believes that its current level of unrestricted liquidity is not sufficient to fund operations, outstanding commitments, and further its future growth plans. The conditions described above raise substantial doubt regarding PCT’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least one year from the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In an effort to alleviate these conditions, PCT is currently performing certain operational enhancements that are expected to correct the production issues with the Ironton Facility. In addition, the Company is ramping up its commercialization efforts, which the Company believes should lead to meaningful sales going into 2025. Further, on March 5, 2024, PureCycle Technologies LLC ("PCT LLC") purchased 99% of the outstanding Revenue Bonds (as defined below). Since the purchase of the outstanding Bonds, PCT has, through a series of transactions described below, resold $116.8 million of Bonds at a purchase price of $800 per $1,000 principal amount. As of December 31, 2024, there were $117.6 million of outstanding Bonds that PCT intends to, and has the ability to, re-market based on the need for additional liquidity. The re-marketing process may require the addition of certain covenants to enhance the marketability of the purchased Bonds. The ability to re-market the purchased Bonds with any such additional new covenants would require a further amendment to, or waiver of, provisions included within the Revolving Credit Facility. Any borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility would accrue interest at 17.50%. After considering management’s plans to mitigate these conditions, including operational progress and re-marketing of the Bonds, PCT believes this substantial doubt has been alleviated and it has sufficient liquidity to continue as a going concern for the next twelve months. PCT’s future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the funding mechanism and construction schedule of the Augusta Facility and other anticipated facilities outside the United States, build-out of additional Feed PreP facilities, funding needs to support other business opportunities, funding for general corporate purposes, debt service, and other challenges or unforeseen circumstances. PCT continually reviews its cash outlays, pace of hiring, professional services and other expenses, and capital commitments to proactively manage those needs in tandem with our available unrestricted cash balance. For future growth and investment, PCT expects to seek additional debt or equity financing from outside sources, which it may not be able to raise on terms favorable to PCT, or at all. If PCT is unable to raise additional debt or sell additional equity when desired, or if PCT is unable to manage its cash outflows, PCT’s business, financial condition, and results of operations would be adversely affected. In addition, any financing arrangement may have potentially adverse effects on PCT and/or its stockholders. Debt financing (if available and undertaken) will increase expenses, must be repaid regardless of operating results and may involve restrictions limiting PCT’s operating flexibility. If PCT consummates an equity financing to raise additional funds, the percentage ownership of its existing stockholders will be reduced, and the new equity securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the current holders of PCT’s Common Stock. PCT has no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on its financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors. PCT does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements or interests in variable interest entities that would require consolidation. Note that while certain legally binding offtake arrangements have been entered into with customers, these arrangements are not unconditional and definite agreements subject only to customer closing conditions, and do not qualify as off-balance sheet arrangements required for disclosure. ### Cash Flows A summary of our cash flows for the periods indicated is as follows: *(in thousands, except %)* | | For the Years Ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 | $ Change | % Change | 2022 | $ Change | % Change | | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | | Net cash used in operating activities | $(144,826) | $(94,906) | $(49,920) | 53% | $(65,478) | $(29,428) | 45% | | Net cash used in investing activities | (7,009) | (102,103) | 95,094 | (93)% | (218,387) | 116,284 | (53)% | | Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (109,168) | 272,000 | (381,168) | (140)% | 247,530 | 24,470 | 10% | | Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 302,514 | 227,523 | 74,991 | 33% | 263,858 | (36,335) | (14)% | | Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $41,511 | $302,514 | $(261,003) | (86)% | $227,523 | $74,991 | 33% | ### Comparison of the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 ### Cash Flows from Operating Activities The $49.9 million increase in net cash used in operating activities for the year ending December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily attributable to higher cash payments for interest of $28.5 million (including $17.7 million paid for the green convertible notes and $5.9 million in outstanding interest paid in connection with the purchase of the Revenue Bonds in March 2024), an increase in cash payments related to operating expenses of $21.9 million primarily driven by increased operational site costs at the Ironton Facility, reflecting a full year of operations since becoming operational in 2023, as well as higher legal and professional consulting fees primarily related to the payout of legal settlements during 2024. ### Cash Flows from Investing Activities The $95.1 million decrease in net cash used in investing activities for the year ending December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 was attributable to $27.0 million lower held for sale investment purchases and $98.3 million lower capital expenditure payments, partially offset by $30.2 million of higher maturities and sales of investments. ### Cash Flows from Financing Activities The $381.2 million decrease in net cash used in financing activities for the year ending December 31, 2024 compared to 2023 was primarily attributable to reductions in cash inflows of $225.0 million from debt offerings in 2023 and proceeds of $38.0 million from related party debt, and cash outflows of $253.2 million paid in 2024 to purchase the outstanding revenue bonds partially offset by $90 million in preferred transaction proceeds, $40 million from sale of revenue bonds to related parties, and $8.0 million from issuance of revenue bonds during 2024. ### Indebtedness ### Revenue Bonds On October 7, 2020, the Southern Ohio Port Authority (“SOPA”) issued certain revenue bonds (“Revenue Bonds”) pursuant to an Indenture of Trust dated as of October 1, 2020 (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Indenture”), between SOPA and UMB Bank, N.A., as Trustee (“Trustee”), and loaned the proceeds from their sale to PureCycle: Ohio LLC (“PCO”), an Ohio limited liability company and indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of PCT, pursuant to a Loan Agreement dated as of October 1, 2020, between SOPA and PCO (as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Loan Agreement”), to be used to, among other things, acquire, construct and equip the Ironton Facility; fund a debt service reserve fund for the Series 2020A Bonds; finance capitalized interest; and pay the costs of issuing the Revenue Bonds. The Revenue Bonds were offered in three series, including (i) Exempt Facility Revenue Bonds (PureCycle Project), Tax-Exempt Series 2020A (“Series 2020A Bonds” or "Senior Bonds"); (ii) Subordinate Exempt Facility Revenue Bonds (PureCycle Project), Tax-Exempt Series 2020B (“Series 2020B Bonds”); and (iii) Subordinated Exempt Facility Revenue Bonds (PureCycle Project), Taxable Series 2020C (“Series 2020C Bonds”). On March 5, 2024, PureCycle Technologies LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Guarantor”), purchased $246.8 million in aggregate principal amount of Bonds Outstanding under the Indenture, of which $216.8 million in aggregate principal amount were Series 2020A Bonds, such that the Guarantor comprised the Majority Holders. The Purchase was determined to be an extinguishment of the underlying debt obligation due to PCO being a wholly owned subsidiary of the Guarantor. As of December 31, 2024, there were $117.6 million of outstanding Bonds that PCT intends to, and has the ability to, re-market based on the need for additional liquidity. The re-marketing process may require the addition of certain covenants to enhance the marketability of the purchased Bonds. On October 25, 2024, SOPA, as Issuer, PCO, the Guarantor, PCTO Holdco and the Trustee entered into the Sixth Supplemental Indenture (the “Sixth Supplemental Indenture”) which amended certain provisions of the Indenture and Loan Agreements to include, among other things, certain financial covenants. The amendments were a requirement of the Bond Purchase Agreement. Amendments to the Indenture and Loan Agreement included, in relevant part, the following: - amending the definition of “Outside Completion Date” to mean December 31, 2026; - amending the definition of “Overall Coverage Requirement” to mean a ratio of at least 105% of (a) Net Income Available for Debt Service to (b) all obligations of PCO which are charges, liens, Indebtedness or encumbrances upon or payable from Gross Revenues, including but not limited to Senior Bonds, Parity Indebtedness and Subordinate Bonds, calculated at the end of each Fiscal Year, based upon Audited Financial Statements of the Guarantor; - amending the definition of “Senior Parity Coverage Requirement” to mean a Senior Debt Service Coverage Ratio equal to at least 125% for such Fiscal Year, calculated at the end of each Fiscal Year, based upon Audited Financial Statements of the Guarantor (Senior Debt Service Coverage Ratio means for any given period of time, the ratio of (a) Net Income Available for Debt Service to (b) the total of Maximum Annual Debt Service of the Senior Bonds and any Senior Parity Indebtedness, all as determined in accordance with GAAP.); - amending the “Days Cash on Hand Requirement” to mean not less than 60 Days Cash on Hand for such Fiscal Year, to be tested commencing with the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2026, and annually thereafter; - requiring PCO to produce sufficient annual Gross Revenues in order to meet the Senior Parity Coverage Requirement, the Overall Coverage Requirement, and the Days Cash on Hand Requirement for each Fiscal Year, beginning with the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2026; - providing that an event of default shall not be deemed to have occurred should PCO fail to comply with the Senior Parity Coverage Requirement, the Overall Coverage Requirement, or the Days Cash on Hand Requirement, beginning with the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2026, so long as PCO engages an Independent Consultant to make recommendations to PCO to meet those requirements and the Independent Consultant confirms that PCO has substantially complied with such recommendations; provided, however, an event of default will exist if (a) the Senior Parity Coverage Requirement ratio is less than 115% or if the Overall Coverage Requirement ratio is less than 100% for any Fiscal Year commencing with the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2027, or (b) if PCO’s Days Cash on Hand is less than 30 Days Cash on Hand; - prohibiting PCO from making any distributions to its members prior to January 1, 2027, other than amounts due to the Company pursuant to the Shared Services Agreement, by and among the Company, PCT Managed Services LLC (a subsidiary of the Company), and PCO, and then made only if, among other things, the Senior Parity Coverage Requirement, the Overall Coverage Requirement and the Days Cash on Hand Requirement are each satisfied with respect to the Fiscal Year prior to the date on which the distribution is made, and there shall remain after such distribution no less than 60 Days Cash on Hand; and - including certain other customary default provisions. ### Revenue Bonds Issued to Related Party On May 7, 2024, PCT LLC and Pure Plastic LLC ("Pure Plastic") executed a bond purchase agreement (as subsequently amended and restated to reflect the appropriate denomination of bonds, the “Amended and Restated Bond Purchase Agreement”), whereby Pure Plastic purchased approximately $94.3 million in aggregate par amount of Bonds owned by PCT LLC (the “Related Party Bonds”), including (i) a portion of the Series 2020A Bonds, (ii) all of the Series 2020B Bonds, and (iii) all of the Series 2020C Bonds, at a purchase price of $800 per $1,000 principal amount of the Related Party Bonds. Affiliates of Pure Plastic are greater than 5% beneficial owners of the Company. On May 10, 2024, Pure Plastic executed a Payoff and Release Letter (the “Payoff and Release Letter”), which memorialized the exchange of the Company’s obligations under the $40 million term loan provided to the Company pursuant to the Term Loan Credit Agreement (as defined below). The Company was also required to pay a 12% prepayment premium on the outstanding principal and interest paid in order to prepay the Term Loan Facility (the “Prepayment Premium”), plus certain expenses. The Company issued warrants (“Series B Warrants”) to Pure Plastic pursuant to the Series B Warrant Agreement to satisfy the Prepayment Premium (the “Series B Warrant Agreement”). Refer to Note 6 – Warrants for further discussion. On May 28, 2024, PCT LLC and Pure Plastic executed the First Amendment to the Amended and Restated Bond Purchase Agreement (“First Amendment”) whereby Exhibit A to the Amended and Restated Bond Purchase Agreement was replaced with Exhibit A-3 to the First Amendment to facilitate the transfer by the Depository Trust Company of certain of the Related Party Bonds. The total amount of the Related Party Bonds and the cash due from Pure Plastic to PCT LLC remains the same. Except as summarized above and as set forth in the First Amendment, PCT LLC and Pure Plastic each acknowledged and reaffirmed the terms of the Amended and Restated Bond Purchase Agreement in the First Amendment. On June 14, 2024, SOPA, as Issuer, PCO, the Guarantor, PCTO Holdco, and the Trustee entered into the Fifth Supplemental Indenture (the “Fifth Supplemental Indenture”) which amended certain provisions of the Indenture including (a) redefining Majority Holders to be the Holders of seventy-five percent (75%) in aggregate principal amount of the Senior Bonds then Outstanding, or if no Senior Bonds are then Outstanding, the Holders of seventy-five percent (75%) in aggregate principal amount of Bonds then Outstanding, and (b) amending the lead paragraph of Section 10.02(a) of the Indenture by raising the threshold for consenting to and approving the execution by the Issuer and the Trustee of Supplemental Indentures from “Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Senior Bonds” to “Holders of not less than 75% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Senior Bonds” with the limited exceptions therein stated. The issuance of the Related Party Bonds and retirement of the Term Loan Facility with Pure Plastic was accounted for as a debt modification. The principal issued for the Related Party Bonds amounted to $94.3 million, with $29.8 million of discount and $1.5 million of issuance costs recorded as a reduction of the debt carrying value on the date of the transaction (including retention of $1.5 million of discount and $1.5 million of issuance cost remaining on the Term Loan Facility as of the transaction date, as well as a discount of $6.8 million related to the value of the Series B Warrants issued in satisfaction of the Prepayment Premium). The carrying value of the Related Party Bonds is recorded within Related party bonds payable in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. On August 7, 2024, PCT LLC, Pure Plastic, and several other parties reached agreement on terms whereby certain investors purchased approximately $22.5 million in aggregate par amount of Series A Bonds owned by PCT LLC at a purchase price of $800 per $1,000 principal amount (the “August Purchased Bonds”) under a bond purchase agreement. The purchase of the August Purchased Bonds was completed and funds received by PCT LLC on or about August 9, 2024, with $12.5 million in aggregate par amount being sold to Pure Plastic and $10.0 million in aggregate par amount being sold to other parties. ### Sylebra Credit Facility On March 15, 2023, PCT entered into a $150 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) pursuant to a Credit Agreement (as amended from time to time, the “Revolving Credit Agreement”) dated as of March 15, 2023, with PureCycle Technologies Holdings Corp. and PCT, LLC (the “Guarantors”), Sylebra Capital Partners Master Fund, LTD, Sylebra Capital Parc Master Fund, and Sylebra Capital Menlo Master Fund (collectively, the “Lenders”), and Madison Pacific Trust Limited (the “Administrative Agent” and “Security Agent”). The Lenders and their affiliates are greater than 5% beneficial owners of PCT. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement may be used for working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes. Amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement bear interest at a variable annual rate equal to Term SOFR (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement) in effect for such period plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin is equal to (i) 5.00% from the Closing Date through June 30, 2023, (ii) 10.00% from July 1, 2023 through September 30, 2023, (iii) 12.50% from October 1, 2023 through December 31, 2023, (iv) 15.00% from January 1, 2024 through March 31, 2024, and (v) 17.50% thereafter. PCT is also required to pay (i) an up-front fee equal to 0.75% times $150 million—the total aggregate commitment for the Revolving Credit Facility—to the Lenders, payable at closing and (ii) a commitment fee equal to 0.25% per annum based on the actual daily unused amount of the Revolving Credit Facility, payable quarterly. Subject to timely prior written notice and payment of breakage fees, if any, PCT may at any time and from time to time (i) terminate all or any portion of the commitments under the Revolving Credit Agreement and/or (ii) prepay all or any portion of any outstanding borrowings. The Revolving Credit Agreement contains representations, covenants and events of default that are customary for financing transactions of this nature. Events of default in the Revolving Credit Agreement include, among others: (a) non-payment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts; (b) default of specific covenants; (c) breach of representations and warranties; (d) cross-defaults to other indebtedness in an amount greater than $1 million, subject to certain exceptions; (e) bankruptcy and ‎insolvency proceedings; (f) inability to pay debts or attachment; (g) judgments; and (h) change of control. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the Administrative Agent shall, at the request of, or may, with the consent of, the Required Lenders (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement) terminate the loan commitments, accelerate all loans and exercise on behalf of itself and the Lenders all rights and remedies available to it and the Lenders under the Revolving Credit Agreement and the other loan documents. Amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement are guaranteed by the Guarantors, and are secured by a security interest in substantially all of the assets of PCT. Any majority-owned direct or indirect subsidiaries of PCT formed after the closing date of the Revolving Credit Facility will also be required to guaranty the obligations under the Revolving Credit Agreement and grant security interests in substantially all of their respective assets. On May 8, 2023, PCT entered into the First Amendment to Credit Agreement, by and among PCT, as borrower, PureCycle Technologies, LLC and PureCycle Technologies Holdings Corp., as Guarantors, the lenders party thereto, and Madison Pacific Trust Limited, as administrative agent and as security agent (the “Sylebra Amendment”) in connection with PCT’s $150 million Revolving Credit Facility governed by the Revolving Credit Agreement. The Sylebra Amendment, among other things: (i) permits PCT’s entry into the Term Loan Facility, (ii) provides for a new basket under the Revolving Credit Agreement’s indebtedness negative covenant allowing for offerings of unsecured convertible promissory notes of up to $200,000,000, (iii) provides for new baskets under the Revolving Credit Agreement’s indebtedness and lien negative covenants of up to $90,000,000 in additional equipment financings and (iv) exempts the proceeds of any such convertible notes offerings from the requirement for mandatory prepayments under the Revolving Credit Agreement. On August 4, 2023, the Company entered into the Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, by and among the Company, as borrower, PureCycle Technologies, LLC and PureCycle Technologies Holdings Corp., as Guarantors, the lenders party thereto, and Madison Pacific Trust Limited, as administrative agent and as security agent (the “Second Amendment”), in connection with the Company’s $150 million Revolving Credit Facility governed by the Revolving Credit Agreement, to extend the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility to March 31, 2025. On August 21, 2023, the Company further amended the Revolving Credit Agreement to (i) increase the amount available to the Company under the indebtedness covenant basket for offerings of unsecured convertible notes from $200,000,000 to $250,000,000 and (ii) make certain changes to the restricted payments covenant and the events of default section in order to permit the Notes (as described below). There were no funds drawn on the Revolving Credit Facility as of December 31, 2024. The up-front commitment fee and other related fees of $3.8 million are being amortized over the term of the contract. In conjunction with PCT LLC’s sale of approximately $94.3 million of Related Party Bonds, on May 10, 2024, the Company, the Guarantors, the Administrative Agent, the Security Agent and the Lenders executed a Limited Consent and Fifth Amendment to the Credit Agreement to permit the Disposition of Bonds (as defined therein), as well as to provide certain administrative revisions to eliminate the Intercreditor Agreement (as defined therein) and references to the Term Loan Credit Agreement. On March 1, 2024, PCT increased the Revolving Credit Facility from $150.0 million to $200.0 million, extended the maturity date to September 30, 2025 (which was further extended below), and obtained a carveout to permit the Company to purchase the Revenue Bonds, pursuant to an amendment to the Revolving Credit Agreement with PCT, the Guarantors, the Lenders, and Administrative Agent and Security Agent. On September 11, 2024, in connection with PCT’s offering of Series A Preferred Stock, PCT extended the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility to March 31, 2026, in conjunction with the Limited Consent and Sixth Amendment to the Credit Agreement, which also (i) permitted the offering of Series A Preferred Stock; (ii) added PureCycle Augusta, LLC as a “Guarantor” and a "Loan Party" thereunder and (iii) added as secured obligations certain obligations in respect of the Series A Preferred Stock, Series C Warrants, and pre-funded warrants owed to the Lenders’ affiliates. Refer to Note 4 - Common and Preferred Stock Transactions —Series A Preferred Stock for further information. ### Equipment Financing ### CSC Leasing Co. On May 8, 2023, the Company, through PureCycle PreP LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Master Lease Agreement (the “Master Lease Agreement”) with CSC Leasing Co. (“CSC”). Pursuant to the Master Lease Agreement, the Company and CSC agreed to enter into schedules that establish the specific terms and conditions of leasing certain equipment, machines, devices, features and any other items listed in each equipment lease schedule. The Master Lease Agreement commenced on the date set forth above and continues in effect until the later time that it is terminated, either by CSC at the end of any lease term, or by the Company upon three months written notice prior to the expiration of a lease term. Also on May 8, 2023, the Company, also through PureCycle PreP LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into an Equipment Procurement Agreement (the “Equipment Agreement”) with CSC. Under the terms of the Equipment Agreement, CSC has agreed to finance, acquire and/or purchase certain equipment (the “Equipment”) from third-party vendors and/or manufacturers (each, a “Vendor”), so that CSC may lease the Equipment to the Company pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Master Lease Agreement. Prior to entering into formal lease schedules under the Master Lease Agreement, the Company will lease from CSC certain Equipment pursuant to the terms of the Equipment Agreement. In connection with the above, CSC has funded $20.3 million for purposes of procuring equipment from a Vendor, which had previously been ordered by the Company prior to entering into these agreements with CSC. CSC will lease this equipment back to the Company under a 36-month lease, which will commence when the Company accepts delivery of the equipment at its operating location and all final bills from Vendor are paid (the "Schedule Commencement Date"). The Company has determined that it did not relinquish control of the assets to the buyer-lessor under these arrangements. Therefore, the Company has accounted for this transaction as a failed sale-leaseback transaction whereby it has continued recording these assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and also recorded a financing obligation for the consideration paid by the buyer-lessor. The Company currently expects the lease term to commence in 2026 and the repayment schedule assumes payments under the 36-month commence on July 1, 2026. The Company is required to make monthly payments under the agreements during the period between funding of the construction obligation and delivery of the equipment, which began in June 2023. Payments are equal to a monthly lease rate factor of approximately 3.1% of the outstanding amount funded by CSC. The Company has previously determined that these payments represent a cost of borrowing under the financing arrangement and has historically recorded the payments as interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. On September 4, 2024, the Company and CSC entered into a Rider to Supplement to the Master Lease Agreement, which allows the Company to credit fifty percent of payments made from November 1, 2023, through the earlier of the Schedule Commencement Date or November 1, 2025 against the outstanding principal owed (“CSC Principal Credit”). The Company is currently paying $0.6 million in Accumulating Rent (as defined in the Equipment Agreement) per month and has made total payments of $11.4 million as of December 31, 2024, of which it will receive $4.1 million credit toward the principal owed. The CSC Principal Credit shall be applied in thirty-six equal monthly installments against the basic rental amount owed in accordance with the lease schedules. The Company did not recognize any gain or loss in connection with the restructuring. The Company began amortizing the principal balance beginning with the date of the amendment. The Master Lease Agreement contains representations, covenants and events of default that are customary for financing transactions of this nature. Events of default in the Master Lease Agreement include, among others: (a) non-payment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts; (b) default of specific covenants; (c) breach of representations and warranties; (d) discontinuation of authorized electronic payments without CSC’s consent; (e) failure to furnish proof of insurance; (f) bankruptcy and insolvency proceedings; and (g) any unauthorized conveyance or transfer of the Equipment to a third party. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, CSC may accelerate all unpaid rents and exercise all rights and remedies available to it under the Master Lease Agreement and Equipment Agreement. Amounts due under the lease are guaranteed by PCT. ### Varilease Finance, Inc. On July 12, 2024, PCT entered into an equipment financing arrangement with Varilease Finance, Inc. ("VFI") pursuant to a master lease agreement dated June 24, 2024, and received progress funding of $7.6 million in 2024. PCT anticipates an additional $2.7 million to be funded under this arrangement, pending completion of certain requirements. The Company began making accumulated rent payments on September 1, 2024 and will continue to do so until the related equipment is placed in service, at which point the 24-month rental term will commence. ### The Pure Plastic Term Loan Facility On May 8, 2023, the Company entered into a $40.0 million Term Loan Facility pursuant to the Term Loan Credit Agreement dated as of May 8, 2023, among the Guarantors and Pure Plastic LLC (as Lender, Administrative Agent, and Security Agent), which matures on December 31, 2025. The Term Loan Credit Agreement was amended on August 21, 2023. Affiliates of the Lender are greater than 5% beneficial owners of the Company. Balances related to the Term Loan Credit Agreement are recorded within related party note payable in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and, in certain instances, the Term Loan Credit Agreement is referred to as the “Related party note payable.” Borrowings under the Term Loan Credit Agreement may be used to repay indebtedness for borrowed money of PCT, to pay fees and expenses associated with the Term Loan Credit Agreement and the other loan documents and for general corporate purposes not in contravention of any law or of any loan document. The Term Loan Facility was structured as a single-draw, delayed draw term loan. The Lender funded the term loan on May 17, 2023 (the “Funding Date”). Amounts outstanding under the Term Loan Credit Agreement will bear interest at a variable annual rate equal to Term SOFR (as defined in the Term Loan Credit Agreement) in effect for such period plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin is equal to 7.5% and the interest rate for the outstanding term loan was 12.9% as of December 31, 2023. The Company is also required to pay, on the Funding Date, (i) a closing fee to the Lenders, equal to 2.00% times the aggregate principal amount of the term loans funded by the Lenders on the Funding Date, (ii) a commitment fee to the Lenders equal to 1.00% times the aggregate principal amount of each Lender’s commitments on the Funding Date, (iii) a syndication fee to the Administrative Agent equal to 0.50% times the aggregate commitments of the Lenders on the Funding Date and (iv) a monitoring fee equal to $200,000 to the Administrative Agent for the account of the Administrative Agent and the Security Agent on the Funding Date and each anniversary of the Funding Date until maturity of the term loan. Additionally, the term loan will be issued with a 5.00% original issue discount. Subject to timely prior written notice, payment of breakage fees, if any, and payment of a prepayment premium equal to (i) 12% if such prepayment occurs during the first year following the closing date or (ii) 8% thereafter, the Company may at any time and from time to time voluntarily prepay all or any portion of any outstanding borrowings. The Company incurred $1.4 million of interest cost during the year ended December 31, 2024. The interest due through December 31, 2023 of $3.1 million was paid entirely in kind, which increased the principal amount of the Term Loan Facility by this amount (the “PIK Interest”). The Company has the contractual right to pay all interest payments in kind and may make this election for all interest payments for the duration of the Term Loan Facility. The repayment schedule presented in “Note 3 - Notes Payable and Debt Instruments” does not contemplate future PIK Interest. On March 1, 2024, PCT increased the amount available under the Term Loan Credit Agreement's permitted indebtedness covenant basket for the Revolving Credit Facility from $150.0 million to $200.0 million and obtained a carveout to permit the Company to purchase the Revenue Bonds. Each of PureCycle Technologies Holdings Corp. and PCT LLC are subsidiaries of the Company. On May 10, 2024, Pure Plastic executed the Payoff and Release Letter, which memorialized the exchange of the Company’s obligations under the Term Loan Credit Agreement. Refer to Note 3 - Notes Payable and Debt Instruments - "Revenue Bonds Issued to Related Party" for further information. ### Green Convertible Notes On August 24, 2023, the Company completed the private offering of $250.0 million total aggregate principal amount of 7.25% Green Convertible Senior Notes due 2030 (the “Initial Notes”). Each $1,000 principal amount at maturity of the Notes was issued at a price of $900. An amount equal to the difference between the issue price and the principal amount at maturity will accrete from the original issue date through August 15, 2027. The Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company. Entities affiliated with Sylebra Capital Management purchased $50.0 million aggregate principal amount at maturity of Notes. The net proceeds from this offering, excluding any offering expenses, were approximately $218.5 million, after deducting the initial purchaser’s discounts and fees paid to our financial advisor. The Company intends to allocate an amount equal to the net proceeds from this offering to the financing and refinancing of recently completed and future Eligible Green Projects (as defined below) in the United States. In particular, the Company intends to allocate the net proceeds from this offering to (1) make payments on certain long-lead items (2) fund initial inside and outside battery limits engineering design work, all of which are associated with a multi-line purification facility to be built in Augusta, Georgia, (3) for certain feedstock preparation (“PreP”) equipment and (4) a research and development lab. Pending such allocation, the Company intends to use the remaining net proceeds for general corporate purposes. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has allocated $218.5 million of the proceeds to Eligible Green Projects, which includes historical spend from January 1, 2022, through December 31, 2024, related to the Augusta Facility, as well as the PreP facilities in process that will provide feedstock for the Augusta Facility and also the Ironton facility. No funds remain available to allocate, as of December 31, 2024. The Company continually evaluates future project economics after considering and incorporating learnings from the commissioning of the Ironton Facility. The Company may determine in the future, consistent with our definition of Eligible Green Projects and in support of the circular economy, that certain equipment previously purchased for use at the Augusta Facility may provide better returns on invested capital at other locations, including those locations outside the United States. The Company is also evaluating a re-designed Augusta Facility that would not significantly impact the preliminary construction timeline, and could ultimately determine that the previously purchased equipment will continue to be commissioned in Augusta. “Eligible Green Projects” means: investments in (i) acquisitions of buildings; (ii) building developments or redevelopments; (iii) renovations in existing buildings; and (iv) tenant improvement projects, in each case, that have received, or are expected to receive, in the three years prior to the issuance of the Notes or during the term of the Notes, a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Silver, Gold or Platinum certification (or environmentally equivalent successor standards). Prior to issuing the Notes and as part of its overall business plan, the Company has focused on the value of the sustainability opportunities PureFive™ resin offers to support expanding a circular economy. To pursue those opportunities, the Company purchased equipment and commissioned design services for the Augusta Facility and PreP facilities that will enable the Company to advance circular economy adapted products, production technologies and processes, and/or research and development related to recycling waste polypropylene. We believe those legacy purchases and designs should complement the Company’s Eligible Green Projects development. The Augusta Facility is currently in the front-end engineering and design validation phase and is incorporating the operational optimization and efficiency opportunities identified during the Ironton Facility commissioning. The Company identified “Building Design and Construction” as the appropriate LEED rating system for the Augusta Facility project though the Company believes it is premature to register the Augusta Facility project with the LEED on-line platform at this time. In connection with the issuance of the Notes, the Company entered into an Indenture, dated August 24, 2023 (the “Indenture”), with U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee. The Indenture includes customary covenants and sets forth certain events of default after which the Notes may be declared immediately due and payable and sets forth certain types of bankruptcy or insolvency events of default involving the Company after which the Notes become automatically due and payable. The events of default, as set forth in the Indenture and subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods, include customary events including a default in the payment of principal or interest, failure to comply with the obligation to deliver amounts due upon conversion, failure to give certain notices, failure to comply with the obligations in respect of certain merger transactions, defaults under certain other indebtedness and certain events of bankruptcy and insolvency. The Notes will mature on August 15, 2030, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. The Notes will bear interest at a rate of 7.25% per annum on the principal amount at maturity from August 24, 2023, payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year, beginning on February 15, 2024. Holders of the Notes may convert all or any portion of their Notes at their option at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. Upon conversion, the Company will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of its common stock or a combination of cash and shares of its common stock, at the Company’s election. The conversion rate will initially be 67.4764 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount at maturity of notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $14.82 per share of common stock), which represents a conversion premium of approximately 50% to the $9.88 per share closing price of the Company’s common stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on August 21, 2023. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events. In addition, following certain corporate events described in the Indenture that occur prior to August 15, 2027, or upon the issuance of a notice of redemption (as described below) prior to August 15, 2027 for an optional redemption, the Company will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert its Notes in connection with such a corporate event or elects to convert its notes called (or deemed called) for optional redemption during the related redemption period. Holders of the Notes have the right to require the Company to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their Notes on August 15, 2027 at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount at maturity of the Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, August 15, 2027. In addition, if the Company undergoes a fundamental change (as defined in the Indenture), holders of the Notes may require the Company to repurchase their Notes at a cash repurchase price equal to 100% of the accreted principal amount of the Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. The Company may not redeem the Notes prior to August 20, 2025. The Company may redeem for cash all or any portion of the Notes (subject to certain exceptions and restrictions specified in the Indenture), at its option, on or after August 20, 2025 and on or before the 40th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, at a cash redemption price equal to 100% of the accreted principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if the last reported sale price per share of the Company’s common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company provides a notice of redemption to the holders of the Notes. No sinking fund is provided for the Notes. ### Financial Assurance On March 14, 2023, PCT secured a surety bond in the amount of $25.0 million to provide financial assurance related to its performance under a certain vendor contract, which expires at the earlier of satisfaction of the obligation, termination of the related vendor contract, or one year from issuance (subject to renewal within one year). Effective March 14, 2024, PCT renewed the surety bond in the amount of $25.0 million. Effective July 1, 2024, the amount increased from $25.0 million to $45.9 million. Effective October 4, 2024, the amount decreased from $45.9 million to $8.1 million as a result of PCT funding a restricted escrow account. The surety bond will expire at the earlier of satisfaction of the obligation, termination of the related vendor contract, or December 31, 2025. These financial instruments are issued in the normal course of business and are not considered company indebtedness. Because PCT currently has no liability for these financial assurance instruments, they are not reflected in its consolidated balance sheets. ### Comparison of the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 Refer to Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 for the liquidity and capital resources discussion for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022. ### Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet date, as well as the reported expenses incurred during the reporting period. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates, and such differences could be material to our financial statements. We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding our historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s judgments and estimates. While our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 (“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies”) to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10‑K, we believe that the following accounting policies require a greater degree of judgment and complexity. Accordingly, these are the policies we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our financial condition and results of operations. ### Going Concern The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that PCT will continue as a going concern; however, the conditions described above raise substantial doubt about PCT’s ability to do so, which management believes has been alleviated through its plans to mitigate these conditions and obtain additional unrestricted liquidity. ### Long-Lived Assets Impairment Assessment The Company evaluates the recoverability of long-lived assets when events and circumstances indicate that the assets may be impaired and the undiscounted net cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than their carrying value. If the net carrying value exceeds the fair value, an impairment loss exists and is calculated as the amount by which the carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group exceeds its fair value. The assessment of impairment indicators and the recoverability of our capitalized assets require significant judgment including management's best estimates of the expected future cash flows and the estimated useful lives of the asset group. These estimates are sensitive to changes in underlying assumptions such as future commodity prices, margins on future resin sales, production rates, operating expenses, including repairs and maintenance, and capital expenditures. As a result, there can be no assurance that the estimates and assumptions made for purposes of our impairment determination will prove to be an accurate prediction of the future. ### Warrants The Company measures the warrants issued to nonemployees at the fair value of the equity instruments issued as of the warrant issuance date and recognizes that amount as selling, general, and administrative expense in accordance with the vesting terms of the warrant agreement. In the event that the terms of the warrants qualify as a liability, the Company accounts for the instrument as a liability recorded at fair value each reporting period through earnings. The Company has determined that warrants issued to RTI (“RTI Warrants”) and its private warrants are a Level 3 fair value measurement and has used the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value these warrants, which requires the input of the following subjective assumptions: a) The expected dividends, b) The volatility of our common stock price over the expected term, c) The length of time warrant holders will retain the warrants before exercising them (“expected term”), and d) The risk-free interest rate over the warrant’s expected term.A summary of how each significant assumption was developed for our warrant liabilities is as follows: - *Expected dividend yield:* The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since PCT has not historically paid dividends - *Expected volatility:* The expected volatility was based on PCT’s capital structure and volatility of PCT’s stock or publicly traded warrants. - *Expected term:* The expected term is determined based on the expected amount of time the warrants will be held before they are exercised. - *Risk-free interest rate:* The risk-free interest rate was based upon quoted market yields for the United States Treasury instruments with terms that were consistent with the expected term of the warrants. The Company has determined that the Series A Warrants are a level 2 fair value measurement with the only input being the market price of its publicly-traded warrants. The Company has determined that the RTI Warrants, Private Warrants, Series B Warrants, and Series C Warrants are a level 3 fair value measurement. Refer to Note 12 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments for further information. ### RTI Warrants The Company initially determined the warrants issued to RTI (“RTI Warrants”) in connection with terms of a professional services agreement were equity classified. Accordingly, the warrant units were held at their initial fair value with no subsequent remeasurement. The Company modified the RTI warrant agreement to purchase 1.5 million shares of PCT common stock instead of Legacy PCT Class C Units on November 20, 2020. After the modification, the Company determined that the warrants issued are liability-classified under ASC 480. Accordingly, the warrants will be held at the initial fair value and remeasured at fair value at each subsequent reporting period with changes in the fair value presented in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. RTI was able to exercise these warrants effective March 17, 2022. The warrants were set to expire on December 31, 2024. On December 27, 2024, the Company agreed to extend the expiration of the RTI warrants to January 17, 2025. On January 16, 2025, RTI exercised their warrants. The Company received $5.4 million and issued 1.5 million shares of common stock. A summary of the significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the RTI Warrants as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows: | | December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | | --- | ---: | ---: | | Expected annual dividend yield | —% | —% | | Expected volatility | 77.1% | 118.1% | | Risk-free rate of return | 4.4% | 4.7% | | Expected option term (years) | 0.1 | 1.0 | The Company recognized $8.7 million of expense and $2.2 million and $1.5 million of benefit related to the change in fair value of the RTI warrant liability for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. ### Public and Private Warrants There are approximately 5.9 million outstanding public and private warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share. The warrants will expire on March 17, 2026 or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. The public warrants are accounted for as equity classified warrants as they were determined to be indexed to the Company’s stock and meet the requirements for equity classification. The Company has determined the private warrants are liability classified. Accordingly, the warrants were initially recorded at their fair value and are remeasured at fair value at each subsequent reporting date with changes in the fair value presented in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. A summary of the significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the private warrants as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows: | | December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | | --- | ---: | ---: | | Expected annual dividend yield | —% | —% | | Expected volatility | 93.1% | 100.2% | | Risk-free rate of return | 4.1% | 4.1% | | Expected option term (years) | 1.2 | 2.2 | The Company recognized $0.2 million of expense and $0.5 million and $0.2 million of benefit related to the change in fair value of the private warrant liability for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. If factors change, and we utilize different assumptions, the calculated warrant liabilities and related change in fair value may differ significantly in future periods. Higher volatility and longer expected terms result in an increase to the warrant liabilities and related change in fair value at each measurement date. Future warrant liabilities will increase to the extent that we issue additional warrants, as well as any increase in the market price of PCT’s common stock. If there are any modifications or cancellations, this may impact the warrant liabilities and related expense or benefit recognized. Change in fair value of warrant liabilities is presented as its own line item within the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. ### Series A Warrants Upon closing of the 2022 Pipe Offering, there were approximately 17.9 million outstanding Series A Warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, which were determined to be liability classified. Accordingly, the warrants were initially recorded at fair value and will be remeasured at fair value at each subsequent reporting date with changes in the fair value presented in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss.The warrants will expire on March 17, 2026. As these warrants have similar redemption features and the same exercise price as the Company’s publicly traded warrants, the market price of the publicly traded warrants is utilized to value the Series A Warrants. Future warrant liabilities will increase to the extent that there are increases in the market price of the publicly-traded warrants. If there are any modifications or cancellations, this may impact the warrant liabilities and related expense or benefit recognized. Change in fair value of warrant liabilities is presented as its own line item within the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. The Company recognized $41.0 million of expense, $31.1 million of benefit, and $7.5 million of expense for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. ### Series B Warrants On May 10, 2024, pursuant to the Series B Warrant Agreement, the Company issued Series B Warrants to Pure Plastic to purchase an aggregate of 3.1 million shares of Common Stock. Each whole warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one whole share of the Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share any time after November 6, 2024. Pursuant to the warrant agreement, a warrant holder may exercise its warrants only for a whole number of shares of Common Stock. The warrants will expire on December 1, 2030. At any time following January 1, 2028, the Company may redeem the outstanding Series B Warrants in whole, but not in part, at a price of $0.01 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, if and only if the last sale price of the Common Stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20-trading days within a 30-trading day period commencing after the Series B Warrants become exercisable and ending three business days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders. If the Company calls the Series B Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the warrants to do so on a cashless basis. In no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the warrant exercise. The Series B Warrant Agreement provides for a Black-Scholes Value calculation in the event of certain transactions, which includes a floor on volatility utilized in the value calculation at 100% or greater. The Company has determined this provision introduces leverage to the holders of the Series B Warrants that could result in a value that would be greater than the settlement amount of a fixed-for-fixed option on the Company’s own equity shares. Therefore, the Company will classify the Series B Warrants as a liability pursuant to ASC 815. As of December 31, 2024, there were approximately 3.1 million Series B Warrants outstanding. There were no Series B warrants issued or outstanding at December 31, 2023. The Company recognized $13.7 million, $0, and $0 of expense for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. ### Series C Warrants On September 13, 2024, pursuant to the Subscription Agreements, the Company issued Series C Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 5.0 million shares of Common Stock. The Series C Warrants are exercisable from September 13, 2024, until they expire on December 1, 2030. Each warrant is exercisable at a price per share of Common Stock of $11.50, subject to adjustment for splits, dividends, recapitalizations and other similar events. At any time following January 1, 2029, the Company may redeem the outstanding Series C Warrants in whole, but not in part, at a price of $0.01 per warrant, if and only if the last sales price of the Common Stock has been equal to or greater than $22.00 per share (subject to adjustment for splits, dividends, recapitalizations and other similar events) for any twenty (20) trading days within a thirty (30) trading day period. The Series C Warrant provides for a Black-Scholes Value in the event of certain transactions, which includes a floor on volatility utilized in the value calculation at 100% or greater. The Company has determined this provision introduces leverage to the holders of the Series C Warrants that could result in a value that would be greater than the settlement amount of a fixed-for-fixed option on the Company’s own equity shares. Therefore, the Company will classify the Series C Warrants as a liability pursuant to ASC 815. As of December 31, 2024, there were 5.0 million Series C Warrants issued and outstanding. There were no Series C Warrants issued or outstanding as of December 31, 2023. Refer to Note 12 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments for further information. The Company recognized $7.8 million, $0, and $0 of expense for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. For further information regarding PCT’s warrant liabilities, see Note 6 - Warrants to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10‑K. ### Recent Accounting Pronouncements See the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Note 2 to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information about recent accounting pronouncements, the timing of their adoption, and our assessment, to the extent we have made one, of their potential impact on our financial condition and our results of operations. ## Market risk As filed, 3,676 characters. ### Inflation Risk The primary inflationary factors affecting our operations are labor, materials, and energy costs related to construction of our purification plants and Feed PreP facilities. Continued inflationary pressures could affect the global and U.S. economies and could have an adverse impact on our construction costs. While we expect to partially offset inflation and other changes in the costs of construction through our pricing strategies, coupled with more efficient purchasing practices, productivity improvements and greater economies of scale, there can be no assurance that these measures will be successful. ### Investments in Debt Securities Our investment policy is established by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and is reviewed as needed. Pursuant to this investment policy, as of December 31, 2024, all investments were in cash and cash equivalents. We do not use any swaps, options, futures or forward contracts to hedge or enhance our investment portfolio. We manage the market risk related to these investments by holding only highly liquid, minimum “A” rated securities. ### Commodity Market Risk The plastics manufacturing industry is extremely price competitive because of the commodity-like nature of virgin polypropylene resin and its correlation to the price of crude oil. The demand for recycled plastics can also fluctuate with the price of crude oil. If crude oil prices materially decline for an extended period, the cost to manufacture our PureFive™ resin may become comparatively higher than the cost to manufacture virgin polypropylene resin. We believe that the current shifting market expectations toward sustainable sourcing of consumer plastics provides some protection from the risk related to fluctuating commodity prices. ### Raw Material Price Risk We will purchase feedstock for our purification process from various sources. While many of the categories of feedstock we source are available from independent suppliers, feedstock containing high levels of polypropylene is subject to fluctuations in price and availability attributable to a number of factors, including general economic conditions, commodity price fluctuations, the demand by competitors and other industries for the same raw materials and the availability of complementary and substitute materials. The profitability of our business also depends on the availability and proximity of these raw materials to our Feed PreP facilities and purification plants. The choice of feedstock to be used at our facilities is determined primarily by the price, availability, and polypropylene purity and content of waste polypropylene procured. Additionally, the high cost of transportation could favor suppliers located in closer proximity to our facilities. If the quality and polypropylene content of the feedstock is lower, the quality of our PureFive™ resin and efficiencies of our purification process may suffer. Changes in consumer behavior regarding consumption of products utilizing polypropylene, as well as consumer desire for PureFive™ resin could also impact our business. Increases in feedstock and other raw material costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Attempts to hedge against these raw material fluctuations may be insufficient, and our results could be materially impacted if the costs of materials increase. We believe our Feedstock+ pricing model, principally applicable to contracts signed for the Augusta Facility, provides certain protection from the risk of increased prices in obtaining and processing raw materials utilized in our purification process. ## Controls and procedures As filed, 4,618 characters. ### Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures PCT’s Management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act, as of December 31, 2024 (the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K). Based on this evaluation, management concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, including ensuring that such information is accumulated and communicated to management (including the principal executive and financial officers), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. PCT's Management, including our principle executive and financial officers, have concluded that the consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, present fairly, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with GAAP. ### Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting and Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act, which requires that internal controls are designed to provide reasonable assurance as to the reliability of the Company’s financial reporting and the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and includes those policies and procedures that: - pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; - provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the issuer are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and - provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Management of the Company assessed the effectiveness of PCT’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on the Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework). Based on this evaluation, management of the Company has concluded that PCT’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2024. The effectiveness of PCT's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 has been audited by Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in its report which is included herein. ### Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting The Company completed implementation of a new accounts payable automation system. As with any new information technology application the Company implements, this application, the change management controls relevant to its implementation, and the internal controls over financial reporting included within the accounts payable process, were appropriately considered within the tests for operating effectiveness. The Company concluded, as part of its evaluation, that the implementation of the new system has not materially affected its internal control over financial reporting. Except as noted above, there have been no changes in PCT’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, PCT’s internal control over financial reporting. Filed Feb 27, 2025. Source: SEC EDGAR, the filing index for accession 0000950170-25-028422. Last ingested by Listed: Oct 24, 2026, 15:15 ET. No prices; not investment advice.