# FingerMotion, Inc.: Form 10-Q for the period ended May 31, 2025

- Company: [FingerMotion, Inc.](/companies/fngr.md) (CIK 1602409)
- Form: 10-Q
- Filed: 2025-07-15
- Accepted by EDGAR: Jul 15, 2025, 16:15 ET
- Period: 2025-05-31
- Accession: 0001520138-25-000211
- Inline XBRL: yes
- Main document: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1602409/000152013825000211/fngr-20250531_10q.htm
- All documents and exhibits: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1602409/000152013825000211/

## Figures reported in this filing

Standardized XBRL line items for the period ended 2025-05-31.

| Line item | Period | Value | XBRL concept |
| --- | --- | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | $8.5m | us-gaap:Revenues |
| Cost of revenue | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | $8.3m | us-gaap:CostOfRevenue |
| Gross profit | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | $152.5k | us-gaap:GrossProfit |
| Research and development | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | $172.7k | us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense |
| Operating income | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | −$2.0m | us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss |
| Interest expense | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | $51.9k | us-gaap:InterestExpenseNonoperating |
| Net income | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | −$2.0m | us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss |
| Diluted EPS | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | −$0.04 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted |
| Basic EPS | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | −$0.04 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic |
| Diluted shares (weighted) | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | 57,289,873 shares | us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding |
| Operating cash flow | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | −$1.2m | us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities |
| Capital expenditure | 3 months, 2025-03-01 to 2025-05-31 | $1.8k | us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment |
| Cash and equivalents | at 2025-05-31 | $2.9m | us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue |
| Current assets | at 2025-05-31 | $48.9m | us-gaap:AssetsCurrent |
| Total assets | at 2025-05-31 | $55.7m | us-gaap:Assets |
| Current liabilities | at 2025-05-31 | $39.5m | us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent |
| Total liabilities | at 2025-05-31 | $39.5m | us-gaap:Liabilities |
| Shareholders' equity | at 2025-05-31 | $16.2m | us-gaap:StockholdersEquity |

## Management's discussion and analysis

As filed, 66,987 characters.

The terms the “Registrant”, “we”, “us”, “our”, “FingerMotion” and the “Company” mean FingerMotion, Inc. or as the context requires, collectively with its consolidated subsidiaries and contractually controlled companies.

### Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

*The following management’s discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations (the “MD&A”) contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions including, among others, statements regarding our capital needs, business plans and expectations. In evaluating these statements, you should consider various factors, including the risks, uncertainties and assumptions set forth in reports and other documents we have filed with or furnished to the SEC and, including, without limitation, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended May 31, 2025, and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025, including the consolidated financial statements and related notes contained therein. These factors, or any one of them, may cause our actual results or actions in the future to differ materially from any forward-looking statement made in this document. Refer to “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-looking Statements” as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025, and Item 1A - Risk Factors, under Part II - Other Information of this Quarterly Report.*

### Introduction

This MD&A is focused on material changes in our financial condition from February 28, 2025, our most recently completed year end, to May 31, 2025, and our results of operations for the three months ended May 31, 2025, and should be read in conjunction with Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations as contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025.

### Corporate Information

The Company was initially incorporated as Property Management Corporation of America on January 23, 2014 in the State of Delaware.

On June 21, 2017, the Company amended its certificate of incorporation to effect a 1-for-4 reverse stock split of the Company’s outstanding common stock, to increase the authorized shares of common stock to 200,000,000 shares and to change the name of the Company from “Property Management Corporation of America” to “FingerMotion, Inc.” (the “**Corporate Actions”**). The Corporate Actions and the amended certificate of incorporation became effective on June 21, 2017.

Our principal executive offices are located at 111 Somerset Road, Level 3, Singapore 238164, and our telephone number is (347) 349-5339.

As described above, our Company has been organized as a holding company and conducts a significant part of our operations through our subsidiaries and through the VIE Agreements entered into between JiuGe Management and JiuGe Technology, a VIE based in China, which is owned by Ms. Li Li who, in addition to being the sole shareholder, is also the legal representative and general manager. We indirectly own 100% of the equity in JiuGe Management, a wholly foreign owned enterprise (“**WFOE”**), which through the VIE Agreements provides us with operational control over JiuGe Technology. The VIE Agreements have not been tested in court. As a result of our use of the VIE structure, you may never directly hold equity interests in the VIE. Any securities that we offer will be securities of the Company, the Delaware holding company, not of the VIE.

As described in more detail below, under the subheading “VIE Agreements,” we fund the registered capital and operating expenses of the VIE by extending loans to Ms. Li Li, the sole shareholder of the VIE, for the purpose of funding the capital contribution of the subscribed capital of the VIE. The VIE Agreements governing the relationship between the VIE and our WFOE enable us to (i) direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, (ii) receive substantially all of the economic benefits of the VIE, and (iii) have an exclusive call option to purchase, at any time, all or part of the equity interests in and/or assets of the VIE to the extent permitted by Chinese laws. As a result of the VIE Agreements, the Company is considered the primary beneficiary of the VIE for accounting purposes and is able to consolidate the financial results of the VIE in its consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

The following diagram depicts our corporate structure:

Our holding company structure presents unique risks as our investors may never directly hold equity interests in our subsidiaries or the VIE, and we will be dependent upon contributions from our subsidiaries and the VIE to finance our cash flow needs. Our subsidiaries and the VIE are currently not required to obtain permission from the Chinese authorities including the China Securities Regulatory Commission (the “**CSRC”**), or Cybersecurity Administration Committee (the “**CAC”**), to operate or to issue securities to foreign investors. However, as of March 31, 2023, pursuant to the Overseas Listing Trial Measures promulgated by the CSRC, we will be required to make filings with the CSRC with respect to any new overseas offering of our securities. Generally, we understand that, for these purposes, the filing requirement would apply in respect of securities that are offered in a public overseas offering, and likely to securities that, having been offered in a private overseas offering, become eligible for resale to the public.

The business of our subsidiaries and the VIE until now are not subject to cybersecurity review with the CAC, given that: (i) data processed in our business does not have a bearing on national security and thus may not be classified as core or important data by the authorities; and (ii) we do not possess a large amount of personal information in our business operations. In addition, we are not subject to merger control review by China’s anti-monopoly enforcement agency due to the level of our revenues which provided from us and audited by our auditor and the fact that we currently do not expect to propose or implement any acquisition of control of, or decisive influence over, any company with revenues within China of more than RMB400 million. Currently, these statements and regulatory actions have had no impact on our daily business operations, the ability to accept foreign investments and list our securities on an U.S. or other foreign exchange. However, since these statements and regulatory actions, including the Overseas Listing Trial Measures, are fairly new, it is uncertain what potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on our daily business operation, the ability to accept foreign investments and list our securities on an U.S. or other foreign exchange.

To operate, the VIE and Beijing XunLian TianXia Technology Co., Ltd. are required to obtain, and have obtained, a value-added telecommunications business licence from PRC authorities. In connection with our previous issuance of securities to foreign investors, under current PRC laws, regulations and regulatory rules, as of the date of this periodic report on Form 10-Q, we, our PRC subsidiaries and the VIE, (i) are not required to obtain permissions from the CSRC except that as of March 31, 2023 we may have to file with the CSRC with respect to a new offering of our securities, (ii) are not required to go through cybersecurity review by the CAC, and (iii) have received or were not denied such requisite permissions by any PRC authority. If we, our subsidiaries or the VIE (i) do not receive or maintain such permissions or approvals, (ii) inadvertently conclude that such permissions or approvals are not required or (iii) applicable laws, regulations, or interpretations change and we are required to obtain such permissions or approvals in the future, we may be subject to government enforcement actions, investigations, penalties, sanctions and fines imposed by the CSRC, the CAC and relevant departments of the State Council. In severe circumstances, the business of our PRC subsidiary may be ordered to suspend and its business qualifications and licenses may be revoked.

#### Share Exchange Agreement

Effective July 13, 2017, the Company entered into that certain Share Exchange Agreement (the “**Share Exchange Agreement”**) by and among the Company, Finger Motion Company Limited (“**FMCL”**) and certain shareholders of FMCL (the “**FMCL Shareholders”**). FMCL, a Hong Kong corporation, was formed on April 6, 2016 and is an information technology company that then specialized in operating and publishing mobile games. Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, the Company agreed to exchange the outstanding equity stock of FMCL held by the FMCL Shareholders for shares of common stock of the Company. On the closing date of the Share Exchange Agreement, the Company issued 12,000,000 shares of common stock to the FMCL shareholders. In addition, the Company issued 600,000 shares to consultants in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Share Exchange Agreement, and 2,562,500 additional shares to accredited investors, which was a concurrent financing but not a condition of closing the Share Exchange Agreement.

As a result of the Share Exchange Agreement and the other transactions contemplated thereunder, FMCL became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. At that time, FMCL continued operations as the Company’s video game division. However, in June 2018, the Company decided to pause the operation of the game division as it saw the opportunity in the telecommunication business and have since refocused into this business.

This description of the Share Exchange Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the terms of the Share Exchange Agreement, which was filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 20, 2017 and incorporated by reference herein.

#### VIE Agreements

On October 16, 2018, the Company, through its indirect wholly-owned WFOE, JiuGe Management, entered into the **VIE Agreements** pursuant to which JiuGe Technology became our contractually controlled affiliate. The use of VIE agreements is a common structure used to acquire operational control of PRC corporations, particularly in certain industries in which foreign investment is restricted or forbidden by the PRC government. The VIE Agreements include a Consulting Services Agreement, a Loan Agreement, a Power of Attorney Agreement, a Call Option Agreement, and a Share Pledge Agreement in order to secure the connection and commitments of JiuGe Technology. We operate our mobile payment platform business through JiuGe Technology.

The VIE Agreements included:

- a consulting services agreement through which JiuGe Management is mainly engaged in data marketing, technical services, technical consulting and business consultancy to JiuGe Technology (the “**JiuGe Technology Consulting Services Agreement”**). This agreement was duly signed among the WFOE and the VIE. Under this agreement, the WFOE will provide the following services to the VIE on an exclusive basis: (i) providing a comprehensive solution for all technical issues required for the VIE’s business; (ii) providing training to the professional technicians of the VIE; (iii) assisting the VIE in collecting technical and commercial information and conducting market surveys; (iv) assisting the VIE in procuring business opportunities to obtain contracts awarded by the telecom carries in China and maintaining the commercial relationship with the telecom carriers; (v) introducing clients to the VIE and assisting the VIE in developing commercial and cooperative relationship with the clients; (vi) providing suggestions and opinions on establishment and improvement of the VIE’s corporate structure, management system and departmental organization; (vii) assisting the VIE in formulating annual business plans, the draft of which shall be made available to WFOE by the VIE prior to the end of November each year; (viii) granting license to the VIE to use WFOE’s intellectual property necessary for the services; and (ix) providing other consulting and technical services at the request of the VIE. The VIE will pay to the WFOE service fees equivalent to the after-tax net profits distributable by the VIE to its shareholder each year, as set forth in the audited financial statements in accordance with the PRC accounting standards, ensuring all the distributable profits of the VIE will be dispatched to the WFOE. The VIE may not assign any of its rights and obligations under the JiuGe Technology Consulting Services Agreement without prior written consent of the WFOE. This agreement ensures that the WFOE and investors will be able to legally obtain the profits of the VIE, and transfer them to the WFOE more conveniently in the form of “service fee”;
- a loan agreement through which JiuGe Management grants loans to Ms. Li Li, as the sole shareholder of JiuGe Technology for the purpose of capital contribution (the “**JiuGe Technology Loan Agreement”**). Under this agreement, JiuGe Management loaned RMB 10,000,000 to Ms. Li Li, as the sole shareholder of the VIE, solely for the purpose of funding the capital contribution of the subscribed capital of the VIE. The loan amount has now been increased to RMB50,000,000. The WFOE has the right to convert the whole or any part of the outstanding principal amount into the equity interests in the VIE and may demand repayment of any or all of the principal amount/ As security for performance and discharge of Ms. Li Li’s obligations under the JiuGe Technology Loan Agreement, Ms. Li Li pledged 100% equity interests in JiuGe Technology, representing the entire registered capital of the VIE, by way of first-ranking security to the WFOE. This agreement could constrain Ms. Li Li to cooperate with WFOE’s instructions and avoid damaging the rights and interests of the WFOE and investors;
- a power of attorney agreement under which the owner of JiuGe Technology has vested their collective voting control over JiuGe Technology to JiuGe Management and will only transfer their equity interests in JiuGe Technology to JiuGe Management or its designee(s) (the “**JiuGe Technology Power of Attorney Agreement”**). The Power of Attorney Agreement was duly issued by Ms. Li Li to the WFOE. Under the JiuGe Technology Power of Attorney Agreement, the WFOE is the exclusive agent who may exercise, at WFOE’s sole discretion, all the rights and powers in respect of all the 100% equity interests held by Ms. Li Li in the VIE on Ms. Li Li’s behalf, including without limitation to propose to convene, attend and vote at the shareholder’s meeting of the VIE. Ms. Li Li cannot assign her rights and obligations under the JiuGe Technology Power of Attorney Agreement without prior written consent of the WFOE and the WFOE will bear its own costs, expenses and fees in connection with performance of the JiuGe Technology Power of Attorney Agreement. This agreement ensures that the WFOE can replace Ms. LI Li in the operation and management of the VIE, and controlling its assets;
- a call option agreement under which the owner of JiuGe Technology has granted to JiuGe Management the irrevocable and unconditional right and option to acquire all of their equity interests in JiuGe Technology or transfer these rights to a third party (the “**JiuGe Technology Call Option Agreement”**). This agreement was duly signed by and among Ms. Li Li, the WFOE and the VIE. Under this agreement, the WFOE has an exclusive, irrevocable and unconditional option to purchase or to designate a third party to purchase 100% equity interests of the VIE at RMB one (1) yuan or the lowest amount of consideration permitted under the laws of PRC at any time, giving the WFOE a sole discretion to exercise such option at any time and in any manner as permitted by the laws of PRC. Pursuant to the JiuGe Technology Call Option Agreement, Ms. Li Li may not, without prior written consent of the WFOE: (i) transfer or dispose of the equity interests in the VIE or the assets of the VIE in any manner; (ii) create any encumbrance of any kind over the equity interests in the VIE, other than the VIE Agreements; and (iii) resolve to or procure the VIE to: (a) change its registered capital; (b) amend its articles of association; (c) change any of its shareholders; (d) appoint, remove or replace its senior management; (e) make or receive investment of any kind or merge or consolidate with any entity; (f) change information filed at the competent authorities in the PRC; (g) make any lending or borrowing or provide security of any kind; (h) pay, make or declare any dividend, charge, fee or other distribution of any kind; (i) incur, create or permit to subsist or have any outstanding financial indebtedness; (j) enter into any agreements that conflict with the JiuGe Technology Call Option Agreement; or (k) do any acts that would adversely impair the VIE’s ability to perform the obligations under the VIE Agreements. Neither Ms. Li Li nor the VIE may assign any of its rights and obligations under the agreement without the prior written consent of WFOE or unilaterally terminate the agreement. This agreement is one of the guarantees for WFOE and investors to ensure that the VIE will not have any potential equity changes that endanger the rights and interests of WFOE and investors; and
- a share pledge agreement under which the owner of JiuGe Technology has pledged all of their rights, titles and interests in JiuGe Technology to JiuGe Management to guarantee JiuGe Technology’s performance of its obligations under the JiuGe Technology Consulting Services Agreement (the “**JiuGe Technology Share Pledge Agreement”**). This agreement was duly signed among Ms. Li Li, the WFOE and the VIE. Under this agreement, all the equity interests of the VIE held by Ms. Li Li were pledged to the WFOE, giving the WFOE a right to exercise the share pledge where Ms. Li Li or the VIE violates the VIE Agreements. This measure under this agreement will result in the equity of the VIE being locked, making it impossible for any third party to legally obtain the equity of the VIE without the prior consent of the WFOE.

Our PRC counsel has reviewed these agreements and believes that all the VIE Agreements were duly signed and are not in violation of applicable laws of PRC. We are of the opinion that the VIE Agreements are valid and giving the WFOE a full control over the VIE in respect of the current and effective PRC laws and regulations. However, the VIE Agreements have never been challenged or recognized in court for the time being, and the PRC government may determine that the VIE Agreements are not in compliance with applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations compared with direct ownership, they may be less effective in controlling through the VIE structure.

In the first half of 2018, JiuGe Technology established contracts with China Unicom and China Mobile, initiating the provision of mobile data services to businesses and corporations in key provinces/municipalities including Chengdu, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Chongqing, Shanghai, Zhuhai, Zhejiang, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia. As with all dynamic markets, the specifics of our operational contracts have naturally evolved over time but our dedication to these provinces is unwavering, and we consistently enhance our service and product offerings to ensure optimal service. Additionally, as we continue to grow, there is the potential for our reach to expand into additional provinces in the PRC.

In September 2018, JiuGe Technology launched and commercialized mobile payment and recharge services to businesses for China Unicom. The JiuGe Technology mobile payment and recharge platform enables the seamless delivery of real-time payment and recharge services to third-party channels and businesses. We earn a negotiated rebate amount from each of China Unicom and China Mobile for all monies paid by consumers to China Unicom and China Mobile that we process. To encourage consumers to utilize our portal instead of using our competitors’ platforms or paying China Unicom or China Mobile directly, we offer mobile data and talk time at a rate discounted from these companies’ stated rates, which are also the rates we must pay to them to purchase the mobile data and talk time provided to consumers through the use of our platform. Accordingly, we earn income on the rebates we receive from the telecommunications companies, reduced by the amounts by which we discount the mobile data and talk time sold through our platform.

In October 2018, China Unicom and China Mobile awarded JiuGe Technology with contracts that established partnerships for data analysis, that could unlock potential value-added services.

This description of the VIE Agreements discussed above does not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the terms of the VIE Agreements, which were filed as exhibits to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 27, 2018 and are incorporated by reference herein. The English translation version of the JiuGe Technology Share Pledge Agreement was filed as Exhibit 10.6 to our Form S-1/A (Amendment No. 1) filed with the SEC on January 5, 2023, and is incorporated by reference herein.

#### Acquisition of Operational Control of Beijing Technology

On March 7, 2019, the Company acting through JiuGe Technology acquired operational control of Beijing Technology, a company in the business of providing mass SMS text services to businesses looking to communicate with large numbers of their customers and prospective customers. Through Beijing Technology, the Company entered into the business of mass SMS text message service as a compliment to its mobile payment and recharge business. The mass SMS text message service offers bulk SMS services to end consumers with competitive pricing. Currently, the Company’s SMS integrated platform is processing more than 150 million SMS text messages per month. Beijing Technology retains a license from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (“**MIIT”**) to operate SMS and MMS business in the PRC. Similar to the mobile recharge business, Beijing Technology is required to make a deposit or bulk purchase in advance and has secured business customers that will utilize Beijing Technology’s SMS integrated platform to send bulk SMS text messages monthly. Beijing Technology has the capability to manage and track the entire process, including to assist the Company’s clients to fulfil the government guidelines, until the SMS messages have been delivered successfully.

#### China Unicom Cooperation Agreement

On July 7, 2019, JiuGe Technology entered into that certain Yunnan Unicom Electronic Sales Platform Construction and Operation Cooperation Agreement (the “**Cooperation Agreement”**) with China United Network Communications Limited Yunnan Branch (“**China Unicom Yunnan”**). Under the Cooperation Agreement, JiuGe Technology is responsible for constructing and operating China Unicom Yunnan’s electronic sales platform through which consumers can purchase various goods and services from China Unicom Yunnan, including mobile telephones, mobile telephone service, broadband data services, terminals, “smart” devices and related financial insurance. The Cooperation Agreement provides that JiuGe Technology is required to construct and operate the platform’s webpage in accordance with China Unicom Yunnan’s specifications and policies, and applicable law, and bear all expenses in connection therewith. As consideration for the services it provides under the Cooperation Agreement, JiuGe Technology receives a percentage of the revenue received from all sales it processes for China Unicom Yunnan on the platform.

The Cooperation Agreement expires three years from the date of its signature, subject to a yearly auto-renewal clause, which is currently in an auto-renewal period, but it may be terminated by (i) JiuGe Technology upon three months’ written notice or (ii) by China Unicom Yunnan unilaterally. The Cooperation Agreement contains customary representations from each party regarding such party’s authority to enter into and perform under the Cooperation Agreement, and provides customary events of default, including for various types of failure to perform. Any disputes arising between the parties under the Cooperation Agreement will be adjudicated in Chinese courts.

This description of the Cooperation Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the terms of the Cooperation Agreement, which was filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 9, 2019 and is incorporated by reference herein.

In January 2022, TengLian (a 99% owned subsidiary of JiuGe Technology) signed a co-operation agreement with China Unicom to launch the Device Protection program for mobile phones and the new 5G phones.

### Intercorporate Relationships

The following is a list of all of our subsidiaries and the corresponding date of jurisdiction of incorporation or organization and the ownership interest of each. All of our subsidiaries are directly or indirectly owned or controlled by us:

| Name of Entity | Place of Incorporation / Formation | Ownership Interest |
| --- | --- | ---: |
| Finger Motion Company Limited (1) | Hong Kong | 100% |
| Finger Motion (CN) Global Limited (2) | Samoa | 100% |
| Finger Motion (CN) Limited (3) | Hong Kong | 100% |
| Shanghai JiuGe Business Management Co., Ltd.(4) | PRC | 100% |
| Shanghai JiuGe Information Technology Co., Ltd.(5) | PRC | Contractually controlled (5) |
| Beijing XunLian TianXia Technology Co., Ltd.(6) | PRC | Contractually controlled |
| Finger Motion Financial Group Limited(7) | Samoa | 100% |
| Finger Motion Financial Company Limited(8) | Hong Kong | 100% |
| Shanghai TengLian JiuJiu Information Communication Technology Co., Ltd.(9) | PRC | Contractually controlled |
| Shanghai KeShunXiang Automobile Service Co., Ltd.(10) | PRC | Contractually controlled |
| Zhejiang ChangXin Communication Equipment Co., Ltd.(11) | PRC | Contractually controlled |
| Shanghai XiaoYi Bin Tong Technology Co., Ltd.(12) | PRC | Contractually controlled |

Notes:

(1) Finger Motion Company Limited is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FingerMotion, Inc.

(2) Finger Motion (CN) Global Limited is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FingerMotion, Inc.

(3) Finger Motion (CN) Limited is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Finger Motion (CN) Global Limited.

(4) Shanghai JiuGe Business Management Co., Ltd., sometimes referred to in this Quarterly Report as “the WFOE”, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Finger Motion (CN) Limited.

(5) Shanghai JiuGe Information Technology Co., Ltd., sometimes referred to in this Quarterly Report as “the VIE”, is a variable interest entity that is contractually controlled by Shanghai JiuGe Business Management Co., Ltd.

(6) Beijing XunLian TianXia Technology Co., Ltd. is a 99% owned subsidiary of Shanghai JiuGe Information Technology Co., Ltd.

(7) Finger Motion Financial Group Limited is a wholly-owned subsidiary of FingerMotion, Inc.

(8) Finger Motion Financial Company Limited is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Finger Motion Financial Group Limited.

(9) Shanghai TengLian JiuJiu Information Communication Technology Co., Ltd. is a 99% owned subsidiary of Shanghai JiuGe Information Technology Co., Ltd.

(10) Shanghai KeShunXiang Automobile Service Co., Ltd. is a 99% owned subsidiary of Shanghai JiuGe Information Technology Co., Ltd.

(11) Zhejiang ChangXin Communication Equipment Co., Ltd. is a 70% owned subsidiary of Shanghai KeShunXiang Automobile Service Co., Ltd.

(12) Shanghai XiaoYi Bin Tong Technology Co., Ltd. is a 80% owned subsidiary of Shanghai JiuGe Information Technology Co., Ltd.

Because we do not directly hold equity interests in the VIE, we are subject to risks and uncertainties of the interpretations and applications of Chinese laws and regulations, including but not limited to, the validity and enforcement of the VIE Agreements among the WFOE, the VIE and the shareholder of the VIE. We are also subject to the risks and uncertainties about any future actions of the Chinese government in this regard that could disallow the VIE structure, which would likely result in a material change in our operations and may cause the value of our Common Shares to depreciate significantly or become worthless.

The VIE Agreements may not be as effective as direct ownership in providing operational control. For instance, the VIE and its shareholders could breach their contractual arrangements with us by, among other things, failing to conduct their operations in an acceptable manner or taking other actions that are detrimental to our interests. The shareholder of the VIE may not act in the best interests of our Company or may not perform their obligations under the VIE Agreements. Such risks exist throughout the period in which we intend to operate certain portions of our business through the VIE Agreements with the VIE. In the event that the VIE or its shareholder fail to perform their respective obligations under the VIE Agreements, we may have to incur substantial costs and expend additional resources to enforce such arrangements. In addition, even if legal actions are taken to enforce the VIE Agreements, there is uncertainty as to whether Chinese courts would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts against us or such persons predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the VIE Agreements”. We rely on the VIE Agreements with the VIE and its shareholder for a significant portion of our business operations. The VIE Agreements may not be as effective as direct ownership in providing operational control. Any failure by the VIE or its shareholder to perform their obligations under such contractual arrangements would have a material and adverse effect on our business.

As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we and the VIE are not required to seek permissions from the CSRC, the CAC, or any other entity that is required to approve of the operations of the VIE, other than a value-added telecommunications business licence, which has already been obtained. Nevertheless, Chinese regulatory authorities may in the future promulgate laws, regulations or implement rules that require us, our subsidiaries or the VIEs to obtain permissions from such regulatory authorities to approve the operations of the VIE or any securities listing.

### Overview

The Company is a mobile data specialist company incorporated in Delaware, USA, with its head office located at 111 Somerset Road, Level 3, Singapore 238164. As described elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, our Company has been organized as a holding company and conducts a significant part of our operations through our subsidiaries and through contractual arrangements with JiuGe Technology, a VIE based in China.

The Company operates the following lines of business: (i) Telecommunications Products and Services; (ii) Value Added Products and Services (iii) Short Message Services (“**SMS”**) and Multimedia Messaging Services (“**MMS”**); (iv) a Rich Communication Services (“**RCS”**) platform; (v) Big Data Insights; and (vi) a Video Games Division (inactive).

#### Telecommunications Products and Services

The Company’s current product mix consisting of payment and recharge services, data plans, subscription plans, mobile phones, loyalty points redemption and other products bundles (i.e. mobile protection plans). Chinese mobile phone consumers often utilize third-party e-marketing websites to pay their phone bills. If the consumer connected directly to the telecommunications provider to pay his or her bill, the consumer would miss out on any benefits or marketing discounts that e-marketers provide. Thus, consumers log on to these e-marketer’s websites, click into their respective phone provider’s store, and “top up,” or pay, their telecommunications provider for additional mobile data and talk time.

To connect to the respective mobile telecommunications providers, these e-marketers must utilize a portal licensed by the applicable telecommunication company that processes the payment. We have been granted one of these licenses by China United Network Communications Group Co., Ltd. (“**China Unicom”**) and China Mobile Communications Corporation (“**China Mobile”**), each of which is a major telecommunications provider in China. We principally earn revenue by providing mobile payment and recharge services to customers of China Unicom and China Mobile.

We conduct our mobile payment business through JiuGe Technology, our VIE. In the first half of 2018, JiuGe Technology secured contracts with China Unicom and China Mobile to distribute mobile data for businesses and corporations in nine provinces/municipalities, namely Chengdu, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Chongqing, Shanghai, Zhuhai, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, Henan and Fujian. In September 2018, JiuGe Technology launched and commercialized mobile payment and recharge services to businesses for China Unicom. In May 2021, JiuGe Technology signed a volume-based agreement with China Mobile Fujian to offer recharge services to the Fujian province which we have launched and commercialized in November 2021.

The JiuGe Technology mobile payment and recharge platform enables the seamless delivery of real-time payment and recharge services to third-party channels and businesses. We earn a rebate from each telecommunications company on the funds paid by consumers to the telecommunications companies we process. To encourage consumers to utilize our portal instead of using our competitors’ platforms or paying China Unicom or China Mobile directly, we offer mobile data and talk time at a rate discounted from these companies’ stated rates, which are also the rates we must pay to them to purchase the mobile data and talk time provided to consumers through the use of our platform. Accordingly, we earn income on the rebates we receive from China Unicom and China Mobile, reduced by the amounts by which we discount the mobile data and talk time sold through our platform.

FingerMotion started and commercialized its “Business to Business” (“**B2B”**) model by integrating with various e-commerce platforms to provide its mobile payment and recharge services to subscribers or end consumers. In the first quarter of 2019 FingerMotion expanded its business by commercializing its first “Business to Consumer” (“**B2C”**) model, offering the telecommunication providers’ products and services, including data plans, subscription plans, mobile phones, and loyalty points redemption, directly to subscribers or customers of the e-commerce companies, such as PinDuoDuo.com, TMall.com and JD.Com. The Company is planning to further expand its universal exchange platform by setting up B2C stores on several other major e-commerce platforms in China. In addition, we have been designated as one of China’s Mobile’s loyalty redemption partners, which allows us to provide such services for their customers via our platform.

Additionally, as previously disclosed, on July 7, 2019, JiuGe Technology, our VIE, entered into that certain Cooperation Agreement with China Unicom Yunnan, whereby JiuGe Technology is responsible for constructing and operating China Unicom’s electronic sales platform through which consumers can purchase various goods and services from China Unicom, including mobile telephones, mobile telephone service, broadband data services, terminals, “smart” devices and related financial insurance. The Cooperation Agreement provides that JiuGe Technology is required to construct and operate the platform’s webpage in accordance with China Unicom’s specifications and policies, and applicable law, and bear all expenses in connection therewith. As consideration for the service JiuGe Technology provides under the Cooperation Agreement, it receives a percentage of the revenue received from all sales it processes for China Unicom on the platform. The Cooperation Agreement expires three years from the date of its signature with a yearly auto-renewal clause, which is currently in an auto-renewal period, but it may be terminated by (i) JiuGe Technology upon three months’ written notice or (ii) by China Unicom unilaterally.

During the recent fiscal year, the Company expanded its offering under their telecommunication product and services by increasing their product line revenue streams. In March 2020, FingerMotion secured a contract with both China Mobile and China Unicom to acquire new users to take up the respective subscription plans.

In February 2021, we increased the mobile phones sales to end users using all of our platforms. This business will continue to contribute to the overall revenue for the group as part of our offering to our customers.

#### Value Added Product and Services

These are new product and services that the Company expects to secure and work with the telecommunication provider and all our e-commerce platform partners to market. In February 2022, our contractually controlled subsidiary, JiuGe Technology, through its 99% own subsidiary Shanghai TengLian JiuJiu Information Communication Technology Co., Ltd. signed an agreement with both China Unicom and China Mobile to co-operate in the introduction of the Mobile Device Protection product which is incorporated into the Telecommunication subscription plans in line with their roll out of new mobile phones and new 5G phones. In mid-July 2022, we launched the Mobile Device protection product with the roll out of the new mobile phones and 5G phones. Complementing our hardware protection services, we have introduced cloud services designed to offer corporate customers robust data storage, processing capabilities, and databases accessible via the internet.

#### SMS and MMS Services

On March 7, 2019, the Company, acting through JiuGe Technology, acquired operational control of Beijing XunLian TianXia Technology Co., Ltd. (“**Beijing Technology”**), a company in the business of providing mass SMS text services to businesses looking to communicate with large numbers of their customers and prospective customers. With this acquisition, the Company expanded into a second partnership with the telecom companies by acquiring bulk SMS and MMS bundles at reduced prices and offering bulk SMS services to end consumers with competitive pricing. Beijing Technology retains a license from MIIT to operate the SMS and MMS business in the PRC. Similar to the mobile payment and recharge business, Beijing Technology is required to make a deposit or bulk purchase in advance and has secured business customers, including premium car manufacturers, hotel chains, airlines and e-commerce companies, that utilize Beijing Technology’s SMS integrated platform to send bulk SMS text messages monthly. Beijing Technology has the capability to manage and track the entire process, including guiding the Company’s customer to meet MIIT’s guidelines on messages composed, until the SMS messages have been delivered successfully.

#### Rich Communication Services

In March 2020, the Company began the development of an RCS platform, also known as Messaging as a Platform (“**MaaP”**). This RCS platform will be a proprietary business messaging platform that enables businesses and brands to communicate and service their customers on the 5G infrastructure, delivering a better and more efficient user experience at a lower cost. For example, with the new 5G RCS message service, consumers will have the ability to list available flights by sending a message regarding a holiday and will also be able to book and buy flights by sending messages. This will allow telecommunication providers like China Unicom and China Mobile to retain users on their systems, without having to utilize third party apps or log onto the Internet, which will increase their user retention. We expect this to open up a new marketing channel for the Company’s current and prospective business partners. Currently, the deployment of this RCS platform is under review, with discussion ongoing among government bodies, major service providers, and telecommunication companies. These deliberations aim to assess the potential market impacts and establish the necessary consents before the launch, considering the significant changes the platform may introduce to user interactions with existing services. The discussion seeks to ensure that all stakeholders’ concerns are addressed comprehensively. Once these issues are resolved and the necessary approval is obtained, we anticipate a substantial enhancement in our service offerings and an expansion of our market reach.

#### Big Data Insights

In July 2020, the Company launched its proprietary technology platform “Sapientus” as its big data insights arm to deliver data-driven solutions and insights for businesses within the insurance, healthcare, and financial services industries. The Company, acting primarily through its indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, Finger Motion Financial Company Limited (“**FMFC”**) applies its vast experience in the insurance and financial services industry and capabilities in technology and data analytics to develop revolutionary solutions targeted towards insurance and financial consumers. Integrating diverse publicly available information, insurance and financial based data with technology and finally registering them into the FingerMotion telecommunications and insurance ecosystem, the Company would be able to provide functional insights and facilitate the transformation of key components of the insurance value chain, including driving more effective and efficient underwriting, enabling fraud evaluation and management, empowering channel expansion and market penetration through novel product innovation, and more. The ultimate objective is to promote, enhance and deliver better value to our partners and customers.

The Company’s proprietary risk assessment engine offers standard and customized scoring and appraisal services based on multi-dimensional factors. The Company has the ability to provide potential customers and partners with insights-driven and technology-enabled solutions and applications including preferred risk selection, precision marketing, product customization, and claims management (e.g., fraud detection). The Company’s mission is to deliver the next generation of data-driven solutions in the financial services, healthcare, and insurance industries that result in more accurate risk assessments, more efficient processes, and a more delightful user experience.

On or around January 25, 2021, FMFC entered into a Sapientus services agreement with Pacific Life Re, a global life reinsurer serving the insurance industry with a comprehensive suite of products and services.

In December 2021, the Company acting through JiuGe Technology, formed a collaborative research alliance with Munich Re in extending behavioral analytics to enhance understanding of morbidity and behavioral patterns in China market, with the goal of creating value for both insurers and the end insurance consumers through better technology, product offerings and customer experience.

Building on these capabilities, the Company signed an agreement with PT Mach Wireless Teknologi to introduce its AI-powered insurance risk rating platform in Indonesia. The platform applies proprietary machine learning and risk analytics to support motor, health, and life insurance underwriting, adapted to local infrastructure and regulations. This arrangement aims to advance the telco-insurance ecosystem by fostering collaboration between telecom operators, insurers, and local digital service providers.

#### Our Video Game Division

The video game industry covers multiple sectors and is currently experiencing a move away from physical games towards digital software. Advances in technology and streaming now allow users to download games rather than visiting retailers. While publishers are expanding their direct-to-consumer models through mobile gaming, eSports and virtual, the Company has exited the video game business and re-directed its resources towards new business opportunities in China, particularly the mobile phone payment and data business.

#### Smart Mobility Solution

FingerMotion’s Advanced Mobile Integrated Command and Communication Platform (the “**C2 Platform”**), saw considerable advancements during the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025. Designed to support mission-critical mobile communications for public safety agencies, emergency response teams, and industrial sectors, the C2 Platform is built on FingerMotion’s telecommunications infrastructure, leveraging 5G connectivity and cloud-based technology to offer real-time data sharing, geospatial mapping, and situational awareness.

During the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025, we expanded the deployment of the C2 Platform into pilot regions, establishing partnerships with automotive manufacturers and industrial partners. These partnerships enabled us to showcase the platform's capabilities, including mobile video feeds, real-time GPS tracking, and AI-driven analytics for improving public safety operations. Our C2 Platform is positioned to serve both public sector agencies and private sector enterprises in high-risk areas such as disaster management, fleet operations, and emergency response missions.

We expect these deployments to scale up during the fiscal year ending February 28, 2026, with further geographic expansion planned for key markets in China. These developments are expected to drive revenue growth from enterprise sales, government contracts, and strategic partnerships.

#### DaGe Platform

The DaGe platform, FingerMotion’s integrated marketplace for automotive products and services, continued its expansion in the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025. The platform offers a range of services, such as vehicle maintenance, repair, tire replacement, and EV charging, catering to the growing EV market. With the increasing adoption of EVs, the demand for EV charging stations and related services has been a significant growth driver for DaGe.

During the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025, we expanded our network of service providers, onboarded additional automotive maintenance providers, and onboarded more EV charging stations into the platform. We also enhanced user experience by offering location-based, proximity recommendations, real-time pricing, and seamless transaction processing, all within the mobile app. The increase in user engagement on the DaGe platform resulted in higher transaction volumes, which directly contributed to revenue growth in this segment.

Additionally, we leveraged our existing telecommunications infrastructure to expand the platform’s reach, capitalizing on cross-promotion opportunities within our mobile services business. The introduction of loyalty programs and seasonal promotions helped retain users and drive repeat business, further strengthening the platform’s position in the market. As we look ahead, we plan to continue expanding DaGe’s offerings by targeting new markets and forming strategic partnerships with both local and national service providers.

Building on the momentum from the previous fiscal year, the DaGe platform continued to evolve during the three months ended May 31, 2025. We focused on strengthening relationships with service providers, enhancing user experience, and selectively expanding coverage across key regions. Ongoing efforts to refine platform functionality and deepen user engagement are aligned with our broader strategy to scale DaGe’s presence in the automotive services and EV ecosystem. We also continued to leverage synergies with our telecommunications business to support user acquisition and platform traffic.

### Recent Developments

On June 5, 2025, our subsidiary, JiuGe Technology, entered into a strategic collaborationarrangement with Zhejiang Jincheng Automotive Group Co., Ltd. The arrangement sets the framework for joint efforts in integrating FingerMotion’s C2 Platform into a new generation of emergency response vehicles. The collaboration will focus on technical integration, hardware adaptation, and business model development to serve enterprise and government customers in the emergency response market.

On June 12, 2025, JiuGe Technology also entered into a strategic collaboration arrangement with Qingling Motors Co., Ltd., a leading Chinese automotive manufacturer. This partnership aims to co-develop next-generation intelligent vehicle solutions based on FingerMotion’s C2 Platform to deliver smarter, more responsive technologies for high-demand sectors such as emergency services and smart logistics. The collaboration covers system development, IP protection, and potential commercial deployment.

### Results of Operations

#### Three Months Ended May 31, 2025 Compared to Three Months Ended May 31, 2024

The following table sets forth our results of operations for the periods indicated:

|  | For the three months ended May 31, 2025 | May 31, 2024 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | $8,458,743 | $8,373,983 |
| Cost of revenue | $(8,306,222) | $(7,692,094) |
| Total operating expenses | $(2,141,451) | $(2,357,978) |
| Total other income (expenses) | $(33,831) | $20,257 |
| Net Loss attributable to the Company’s shareholders | $(2,008,556) | $(1,655,904) |
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | $152,309 | $(64,999) |
| Comprehensive loss attributable to the Company | $(1,856,789) | $(1,719,837) |
| Basic Loss Per Share attributable to the Company | $(0.04) | $(0.03) |
| Diluted Loss Per Share attributable to the Company | $(0.04) | $(0.03) |

#### Revenue

The following table sets forth the Company’s revenue from its lines of business for the periods indicated:

|  | For the three months ended May 31, 2025 | May 31, 2024 | Change (%) |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Telecommunication Products & Services | $8,311,254 | $8,373,520 | -1% |
| DaGe Platform | $10,938 | $463 | 2262% |
| Command & Communication | $109,241 | $— | 100% |
| Big Data | $27,310 | $— | -100% |
| Total Revenue | $8,458,743 | $8,373,983 | 1% |

We recorded $8,458,743 in revenue for the three months ended May 31, 2025, an increase of $84,760 or 1%, compared to the three months ended May 31, 2024. This increase resulted from increases in revenue of $10,475, $109,241 and $27,310 from our DaGe Platform, Command & Communication and Big Data, respectively, offset by decrease in revenue of $62,266 from our Telecommunication Products & Services.

We principally earn revenue by providing mobile payment and recharge services to customers of telecommunications companies in China. Specifically, we earn a negotiated rebate amount from the telecommunications companies for all monies paid by consumers to those companies that we process. For the three months ended May 31, 2025, our revenue remained primarily driven by our Telecommunication Products & Services segment, which contributed $8.31 million, representing 98% of total revenue. Although this segment recorded a slight year-over-year decrease of 1%, it continues to be the core contributor to our overall performance.

The DaGe Platform, launched in 2024, continue to gain early momentum, generating $10,938 in revenue compared to $463 in the same period last year. While still in its development phase, the platform represents a strategic entry into the car services market, including offerings such as car wash, maintenance, and EV charging. Initial revenue reflects growing user engagements, and we anticipate stronger contributions in future periods as we expand services and deepen integration with EV charging networks.

The Command and Communication segment generated $109,241 in revenue during the quarter, reflecting continued progress in deploying our emergency response and communication services. This business supports our long-term diversification strategy and reinforces our commitment to scalable public safety solutions.

The Big Data segment generated revenue of $27,310 during the quarter. During this period, we continued to advance our AI-driven analytics initiatives under the Sapientus brand, with a focus on developing an insurance analytics platform and a broader AI-powered ecosystem. These initiatives include the rollout of intelligent customer profiling tools, AI chatbots, and web-based financial literacy platform aimed at supporting insurance and telco partners. We are progressing from system design and testing toward commercial deployment, targeting future revenue streams through platform subscriptions, consulting services, and data-enable product distribution across Southeast Asia.

#### Cost of Revenue

The following table sets forth the Company’s cost of revenue for the periods indicated:

|  | For the three months ended May 31, 2025 | May 31, 2024 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Telecommunication Products & Services | $8,194,652 | $7,691,616 |
| DaGe Platform | $22,490 | $478 |
| Command & Communication | $89,080 | $— |
| Big Data | $— | $— |
| Total Cost of Revenue | $8,306,222 | $7,692,094 |

We recorded $8,306,222 in costs of revenue for the three months ended May 31, 2025, an increase of $614,128 or 8%, compared to the three months ended May 31, 2024. As previously mentioned, we principally earn revenue by providing mobile payment and recharge services to customers of telecommunications companies, subscription plans and mobile phone sales in China. To earn this revenue, we incur cost of the product, certain customer acquisition costs, including discounts, promotion and marketing initiatives aimed at user growth and partner engagement, particularly in our emerging segments which are reflected in our cost of revenue.

#### Gross profit

Our gross profit for the three months ended May 31, 2025 was $152,521, a decrease of $529,368 or 78%, compared to the three months ended May 31, 2024. The decline was primarily attributable to the lower margin product mix in the Telecommunication Product & Services segment during the period. In addition, initial ramp-up costs in our emerging segments particularly the DaGe Platform and Command and Communication business contributed to overall margin compression as these businesses are still in the early stages of development and have yet to achieve scale efficiencies.

#### Amortization & Depreciation

We recorded depreciation of $10,553 for fixed assets for the three months ended May 31, 2025, a decrease of $1,461 or 12%, compared to the three months ended May 31, 2024.

#### General & Administrative Expenses

The following table sets forth the Company’s general and administrative expenses for the periods indicated:

|  | For the three months ended May 31, 2025 | May 31, 2024 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Accounting | $49,879 | $23,628 |
| Consulting | $455,609 | $424,438 |
| Entertainment | $45,088 | $67,823 |
| IT | $10,778 | $11,738 |
| Rent | $31,621 | $33,196 |
| Salaries & Wages | $612,045 | $616,642 |
| Technical fee | $31,717 | $60,346 |
| Travelling | $79,187 | $81,838 |
| Others | $194,502 | $562,128 |
| Total G&A Expenses | $1,510,426 | $1,881,777 |

We recorded $1,510,426 in general and administrative expenses for the three months ended May 31, 2025, decrease of $371,351 or 20%, compared to the three months ended May 31, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to lower technical fee, entertainment, and other miscellaneous expenses compared to the prior year. General and administrative expenses consist of personnel related costs, professional and accounting services, and general office and operational expenses necessary to support our business growth and regulatory compliance. These expenses include ongoing costs associated with corporate governance, audit and regulatory filings, consulting and advisory services, and operational support across our business segment.

#### Marketing Cost

The following table sets forth the Company’s marketing cost for the periods indicated:

|  | For the three months ended May 31, 2025 | May 31, 2024 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Marketing Cost | $12,106 | $62,524 |

We recorded $12,106 in marketing cost for the three months ended May 31, 2025, being a decrease of $50,418 or 81%, compared to the three months ended May 31, 2024. Marketing activities during the quarter were primarily related to targeted campaigns supporting the continued rollout of our DaGe platform.

#### Research & Development

The following table sets forth the Company’s research & development for the periods indicated:

|  | For the three months ended May 31, 2025 | May 31, 2024 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Research & Development | $172,652 | $178,993 |

We incurred fees of $172,652 in research & development for the three months ended May 31, 2025 as compared to $178,993 for the three months ended May 31, 2024 representing a decrease of $6,341 or 4%.

A substantial portion of the research and development efforts during the quarter was directed toward our Big Data segment under the Sapientus brand, while preliminary development activities also began within our Command and Communication segment, which is currently in its initial buildout phase under a strategic joint venture.

The Sapientus division continues to focus on AI-powered analytics and insurance-related data modelling, supported by a team of actuaries, data scientists, and software engineers. During the quarter, we continued to maintain and refine our credit risk assessment platform as part of our broader suite of data-driven solutions.

We also commenced development of a new insurance platform with integrated AI capabilities, aimed at supporting intelligent risk evaluation, product innovation, and sales enablement. In parallel, we continued to refine our analytics using empirical data and progressed internal efforts to support future capabilities in portfolio segmentation and data-driven distribution strategies. The Company also holds registered patents in China covering proprietary model algorithms and insurance analytics infrastructure.

Looking ahead, we remain focused on expanding Sapientus beyond China, with an emphasis on scalable and low capital data solutions designed for international markets. At the same time, we are progressing the early stage development of our Command & Communication segment under a strategic collaboration, supporting future opportunities in emergency response and public safety infrastructure. Research and development remains core to our innovation led strategy and long term value creation across both analytics and technology-driven services.

#### Credit Impairment Loss

The following table sets forth the Company’s credit impairment loss for the periods indicated:

|  | For the three months ended May 31, 2025 | May 31, 2024 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Credit impairment loss | $307,967 | $— |

We recorded $307,967 in credit impairment loss for three months ended May 31, 2025, an increase $307,967 or 100% compared to the three months ended May 31, 2024, reflecting a prudent assessment of expected credit loss based on updated evaluations of customer credit risk and overall credit exposure.

#### Share Compensation Expenses

The following table sets forth the Company’s share compensation expenses for the periods indicated:

|  | For the three months ended May 31, 2025 | May 31, 2024 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Share compensation expenses | $127,747 | $222,670 |

We incurred fees of $127,747 in share issuance for consultants in consideration of services and stock option compensation expense for the three months ended May 31, 2025 as compared to $222,670 for the three months ended May 31, 2024. The decrease of $94,923 or 43% was due to the reduced engagement of consultants to the Company that were compensated with shares of our common stock, which highlights our effort to minimize equity issuances as part of our broader financial strategy to optimize equity issuances. However, we will continue to employ equity compensation for consultants selectively, aligning with our strategic and financial objectives.

#### Operating Expenses

We recorded $2,141,451 in operating expenses for the three months ended May 31, 2025, as compared to $2,357,978 in operating expenses for the three months ended May 31, 2024. The decrease of $216,527 or 9%, for the three months ended May 31, 2025 is as set forth above.

#### Net Loss attributable to the Company’s shareholders

The net loss attributable to the Company’s shareholders was $2,008,556 for the three months ended May 31, 2025 and $1,655,904 for the three months ended May 31, 2024. The increase in net loss attributable to the Company’s shareholders of $352,652 or 21% resulted primarily from the significant decline in gross profit which was due to the low margin product mix in the Telecommunication Product & Services segment as discussed above.

### Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table sets out our cash and working capital as of May 31, 2025 and February 28, 2025:

|  | As at May 31, 2025 | As at February 28, 2025 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Cash reserves | $2,863,238 | $1,128,135 |
| Working capital | $9,399,996 | $6,902,805 |

At May 31, 2025, we had cash and cash equivalents of $2,863,238, as compared to cash and cash equivalents of $1,128,135 at February 28, 2025.

Our business model, particularly in mobile payment, requires periodic fund deposits with our telecommunication companies to obtain access to the mobile data and talk time we make available to consumers on our portal. Additionally, the expansion into areas such as cloud-based business, which features a longer collection cycle, as well as investments in other growth initiatives, has increased our accounts receivable and placed added pressure on our liquidity. To manage these operational demands effectively, we have had to carefully monitor and manage our cash flows. We anticipate our cash on hand and cash equivalents, along with our revenues from operations, will support our ongoing operations and repayment of outstanding indebtedness in the near term. However, to sustain our growth and support strategic initiatives, including the rollout of our Command & Communication business and increase deposits with telecommunication companies, we will require additional capital. To support all these, we intend to continue to seek additional capital through public or private sales of our equity or debt securities, or both. We may also explore entering into financing arrangements with commercial banks or non-traditional lenders. We cannot provide investors with any assurance that we will be able to raise additional funding from the sale of our equity and/or debt securities on terms acceptable to us, or at all, in order to support the rollout of our Command & Communication business and increase our deposits with our telecommunications company clients.

We did, however, as of May 31, 2025, receive $950,000 in subscription proceeds to purchase 380,000 shares of our common stock at $2.50 per share on a private placement basis, $1,724,615 from the exercise of warrants to purchase 1,149,743 shares of our common stock at $1.50 per share and $282,000 from the exercise of warrants to purchase 150,000 shares of our common stock at $1.88 per share.

### Statement of Cashflows

The following table provides a summary of cash flows for the periods presented:

|  | For the three months ended May 31, 2025 | May 31, 2024 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Net cash used in operating activities | $(1,204,217) | $(1,409,939) |
| Net cash used in investing activities | $(1,826) | $— |
| Net cash provided by financing activities | $2,956,615 | $775,000 |
| Effect of exchange rates on cash & cash equivalents | $(15,469) | $181,831 |
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | $1,735,103 | $(453,108) |

#### Cash Flow used in Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities decreased by $205,722 in the three months ended May 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended May 31, 2024, primarily due to an increase in account receivable of ($6,005,779) (May 31, 2024: ($7,762,176)) and decrease in lease liability of ($1,567) (May 31, 2024: $12,006); offset by decrease in prepayment and deposit of $862,490 (May 31, 2043: $24,000 ), decrease in other receivable of $71,455 (May 31, 2024: ($150,316)), decrease in inventories of $43,613 (May 31, 2024: $nil), increase in accounts payable of $5,375,987 (May 31, 2024: $6,884,661) and increase in accrual and other payable of $26,048 (May 31, 2024: $833,177 )

#### Cash Flow used in Investing Activities

During the three months ended May 31, 2025, net cash used in investing activities increased by $1,826 compared to $nil in the three months ended May 31, 2024.

#### Cash Flow provided by Financing Activities

During the three months ended May 31, 2025, net cash provided by financing activities was $2,956,615 compared to net cash provided by financing activities during the three months ended May 31, 2024 of $775,000. The increase was due to the receipt of subscription proceeds on a private placement basis and exercise of warrants.

### Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

There are no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

### Subsequent Events

Other than the above, we have determined that we do not have any material subsequent events to report.

### Critical Accounting Policies

For a complete summary of all our significant accounting policies refer to Note 2 - *Summary of Principal Accounting Policies* of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements as presented under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended February 28, 2025 filed with the SEC on May 29, 2025.

For our Critical Accounting Policies, please refer to the “Critical Accounting Policies” section under Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended February 28, 2025 filed with the SEC on May 29, 2025.

### Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

The Company does not believe recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the consolidated financial position, statements of operations and cash flows.

## Market risk

As filed, 157 characters.

As a smaller reporting company as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act, the Company is not required to provide the information required by this item.

## Controls and procedures

As filed, 8,374 characters.

#### Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Based on such evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of May 31, 2025, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that due to the existence of material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting, as discussed in more detail below, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of May 31, 2025. Management has continued to monitor the implementation of the remediation plan described below.

### Management’s quarterly report on internal control over financial reporting

Management of FingerMotion, Inc. is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). The Company’s internal control over financial reporting (“**ICFR”**) is designed under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer, acting in the capacity of principal executive officer, and our Chief Financial Officer, acting in the capacity of principal financial officer, and effected by our board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP. The Company’s ICFR includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Company’s assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that the Company’s receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the Company’s management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

We are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act. For as long as we continue to be a smaller reporting company, we may take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not smaller reporting companies.

Our management, including our principal financial officer, assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of May 31, 2025 in accordance with the framework in *Internal Control – Integrated Framework* issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

Based on this assessment, Management concluded that certain aspects of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of May 31, 2025, were not effective.

A material weakness, as defined in standards established pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, is a deficiency or combination of deficiencies in internal controls over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement or our annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

The ineffectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting was due to the following material weakness, which also existed as of February 29, 2024:

- We have limited segregation of duties and oversight of work performed as well as lack of compensating controls in the Company’s finance and accounting functions due to limited personnel. As a result, segregation of all conflicting duties may not always be possible and may not be economically feasible. Furthermore, we cannot provide reasonable assurance that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with management and director authorization. However, to the extent possible, the initiation of transactions, the custody of assets and the recording of transactions should be performed by separate individuals.

### Management’s Plan to Remediate the Material Weaknesses:

Management has taken significant steps towards remediation of these material weaknesses in 2023, including implementing measures designed address the control deficiencies. While progress has been made in designing and implementing these controls, testing and validating their effectiveness has yet to commence. The remediation actions include:

- Management has documented a complete set of controls incorporating segregation of duties, separate individuals performing and reviewing controls, and proper authorization and segregation of duties around payments and expenditures in 2023. While significant progress has been made in implementing most of these controls, the process is not yet complete. Management continues to work towards completing the implementation and anticipates further progress during the year.
- Management has implemented corporate governance policies and charters that will further align the Company’s governance procedures with the requirements noted in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, including a Codes of Business Conduct and Ethics, which reflects the overall corporate principles, policies and values that provides overall guidance for our control procedures.

Notwithstanding the assessment that our ICFR was not effective as of May 31, 2025 and that there is a material weaknesses as identified herein, we believe that our consolidated financial statements contained in this Quarterly Report fairly present our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the period covered thereby in all material respects. We are committed to continuing to improve our internal control processes and we are undertaking measures to remediate the material weaknesses we have identified and generally strengthen our internal control over financial reporting. We will also continue to further review, optimize, and enhance our financial reporting controls and procedures. These material weaknesses will not be considered remediated until the applicable remediated controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively.

#### Changes in internal control over financial reporting

Except for the remediation procedures being implemented by the Company as described above, there have been no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during our fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2025, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

## Risk factors

As filed, 96,670 characters.

***In addition to the information contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025, and this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we have identified the following material risks and uncertainties which reflect our outlook and conditions known to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report. These material risks and uncertainties should be carefully reviewed by our stockholders and any potential investors in evaluating the Company, our business and the market value of our common stock. Furthermore, any one of these material risks and uncertainties has the potential to cause actual results, performance, achievements or events to be materially different from any future results, performance, achievements or events implied, suggested or expressed by any forward-looking statements made by us or by persons acting on our behalf. Refer to “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-looking Statements” as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 28, 2025.***

***There is no assurance that we will be successful in preventing the material adverse effects that any one or more of the following material risks and uncertainties may cause on our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results, which may result in a significant decrease in the market price of our common stock. Furthermore, there is no assurance that these material risks and uncertainties represent a complete list of the material risks and uncertainties facing us. There may be additional risks and uncertainties of a material nature that, as of the date of this Quarterly Report, we are unaware of or that we consider immaterial that may become material in the future, any one or more of which may result in a material adverse effect on us. You could lose all or a significant portion of your investment due to any one of these material risks and uncertainties.***

### Risks Related to the Business

***We have a limited operating history and, as a result, our past results may not be indicative of future operating performance.***

We have a limited operating history, which makes it difficult to forecast our future results. You should not rely on our past results of operations as indicators of future performance. You should consider and evaluate our prospects in light of the risks and uncertainty frequently encountered by companies like ours.

If we fail to address the risks and difficulties that we face, including those described elsewhere in this “*Risk Factors”* section, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. Further, because we have limited historical financial data and operate in an evolving market, any predictions about our future revenue and expenses may not be as accurate as they would be if we had a longer operating history or operated in a more predictable market. We have encountered in the past, and will encounter in the future, risks and uncertainties frequently experienced by growing companies with limited operating histories in rapidly changing industries. If our assumptions regarding these risks and uncertainties are incorrect or change, or if we do not address these risks successfully, our results of operations could differ materially from our expectations and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

***We have a history of net losses and we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in the future.***

For all annual periods of our operating history we have experienced net losses. We generated a net loss of approximately $1.98 million during the three-month period ended May 31, 2025 and net losses of approximately $5.1 million, $3.8 million and $7.5 million for the years ended February 28, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. At May 31, 2025 and February 28, 2025, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $36.1 million and $34.2 million, respectively. We have not achieved profitability, and we may not realize sufficient revenue to achieve profitability in future periods. Our expenses will likely increase in the future as we develop and launch new offerings and platform features, expand in existing and new markets, increase our sales and marketing efforts and continue to invest in our platform. These efforts may be more costly than we expect and may not result in increased revenue or growth in our business. If we are unable to generate adequate revenue growth and manage our expenses, we may continue to incur significant losses in the future and may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability.

***If we fail to effectively manage our growth, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.***

We are currently experiencing growth in our business. This expansion increases the complexity of our business and has placed, and will continue to place, strain on our management, personnel, operations, systems, technical performance, financial resources and internal financial control and reporting functions. Our ability to manage our growth effectively and to integrate new employees, technologies and acquisitions into our existing business will require us to continue to expand our operational and financial infrastructure and to continue to retain, attract, train, motivate and manage employees. Continued growth could strain our ability to develop and improve our operational, financial and management controls, enhance our reporting systems and procedures, recruit, train and retain highly skilled personnel and maintain user satisfaction. Additionally, if we do not effectively manage the growth of our business and operations, the quality of our offerings could suffer, which could negatively affect our reputation and brand, business, financial condition and results of operations.

***We depend on our key personnel and other highly skilled personnel, and if we fail to attract, retain, motivate or integrate our personnel, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.***

Our success depends in part on the continued service of our founders, senior management team, key technical employees and other highly skilled personnel and on our ability to identify, hire, develop, motivate, retain and integrate highly qualified personnel for all areas of our organization. We may not be successful in attracting and retaining qualified personnel to fulfill our current or future needs. Our competitors may be successful in recruiting and hiring members of our management team or other key employees, and it may be difficult for us to find suitable replacements on a timely basis, on competitive terms or at all. If we are unable to attract and retain the necessary personnel, particularly in critical areas of our business, we may not achieve our strategic goals.

***Our concentration of earnings from two telecommunications companies may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.***

We currently derive a substantial amount of our total revenue through contracts secured with China Unicom and China Mobile. If we were to lose the business of one or both of these mobile telecommunications companies, if either were to fail to fulfill its obligations to us, if either were to experience difficulty in paying rebates to us on a timely basis, if either negotiated lower pricing terms, or if either increased the number of licensed payment portals it permits to process its payments, it could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Additionally, we cannot guarantee that the volume of revenue we earn from China Unicom and China Mobile will remain consistent going forward. Any substantial change in our relationships with either China Unicom or China Mobile, or both, whether due to actions by our competitors, regulatory authorities, industry factors or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

***Any actual or perceived security or privacy breach could interrupt our operations, harm our brand and adversely affect our reputation, brand, business, financial condition and results of operations.***

Our business involves the processing and transmission of our users’ personal and other sensitive data. Because techniques used to obtain unauthorized access to or to sabotage information systems change frequently and may not be known until launched against us, we may be unable to anticipate or prevent these attacks. Unauthorized parties may in the future gain access to our systems or facilities through various means, including gaining unauthorized access into our systems or facilities or those of our service providers, partners or users on our platform, or attempting to fraudulently induce our employees, service providers, partners, users or others into disclosing names, passwords, payment information or other sensitive information, which may in turn be used to access our information technology systems, or attempting to fraudulently induce our employees, partners or others into manipulating payment information, resulting in the fraudulent transfer of funds to criminal actors. In addition, users on our platform could have vulnerabilities on their own mobile devices that are entirely unrelated to our systems and platform but could mistakenly attribute their own vulnerabilities to us. Further, breaches experienced by other companies may also be leveraged against us. For example, credential stuffing attacks are becoming increasingly common and sophisticated actors can mask their attacks, making them increasingly difficult to identify and prevent. Certain efforts may be state-sponsored or supported by significant financial and technological resources, making them even more difficult to detect.

Although we have developed systems and processes that are designed to protect our users’ data, prevent data loss and prevent other security breaches, these security measures cannot guarantee security. Our information technology and infrastructure may be vulnerable to cyberattacks or security breaches; also, employee error, malfeasance or other errors in the storage, use or transmission of personal information could result in an actual or perceived privacy or security breach or other security incident.

Any actual or perceived breach of privacy or security could interrupt our operations, result in our platform being unavailable, result in loss or improper disclosure of data, result in fraudulent transfer of funds, harm our reputation and brand, damage our relationships with third-party partners, result in significant legal, regulatory and financial exposure and lead to loss of confidence in, or decreased use of, our platform, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Any breach of privacy or security impacting any entities with which we share or disclose data (including, for example, our third-party providers) could have similar effects.

Additionally, defending against claims or litigation based on any security breach or incident, regardless of their merit, could be costly and divert management’s attention. We cannot be certain that our insurance coverage will be adequate for data handling or data security liabilities actually incurred, that insurance will continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, or that any insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could have an adverse effect on our reputation, brand, business, financial condition and results of operations.

***Systems failures and resulting interruptions in the availability of our platform or offerings could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.***

Our systems, or those of third parties upon which we rely, may experience service interruptions or degradation because of hardware and software defects or malfunctions, distributed denial-of-service and other cyberattacks, human error, earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, fires, natural disasters, power losses, disruptions in telecommunications services, fraud, military or political conflicts, terrorist attacks, computer viruses, ransomware, malware or other events. Our systems also may be subject to break-ins, sabotage, theft and intentional acts of vandalism, including by our own employees. Some of our systems are not fully redundant and our disaster recovery planning may not be sufficient for all eventualities. Our business interruption insurance may not be sufficient to cover all of our losses that may result from interruptions in our service as a result of systems failures and similar events.

We have not experienced any system failures or other events or conditions that have interrupted the availability or reduced or effected the speed or functionality of our offerings. These events, were they to occur in the future, could adversely affect our business, reputation, results of operations and financial condition.

***The successful operation of our business depends upon the performance and reliability of Internet, mobile, and other infrastructures that are not under our control.***

Our business depends on the performance and reliability of Internet, mobile and other infrastructures that are not under our control. Disruptions in Internet infrastructure or the failure of telecommunications network operators to provide us with the bandwidth we need to provide our services and offerings could interfere with the speed and availability of our platform. If our platform is unavailable when platform users attempt to access it, or if our platform does not load as quickly as platform users expect, platform users may not return to our platform as often in the future, or at all, and may use our competitors’ products or offerings more often. In addition, we have no control over the costs of the services provided by national telecommunications operators. If mobile Internet access fees or other charges to Internet users increase, consumer traffic may decrease, which may in turn cause our revenue to significantly decrease.

Our business depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of mobile communications systems. The occurrence of an unanticipated problem, such as a power outage, telecommunications delay or failure, security breach or computer virus could result in delays or interruptions to our services, offerings and platform, as well as business interruptions for us and platform users. Furthermore, foreign governments may leverage their ability to shut down directed services, and local governments may shut down our platform at the routing level. Any of these events could damage our reputation, significantly disrupt our operations, and subject us to liability, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. We have invested significant resources to develop new products to mitigate the impact of potential interruptions to mobile communications systems, which can be used by consumers in territories where mobile communications systems are less efficient. However, these products may ultimately be unsuccessful.

***We may be subject to claims, lawsuits, government investigations and other proceedings that may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.***

We may be subject to claims, lawsuits, arbitration proceedings, government investigations and other legal and regulatory proceedings as our business grows and as we deploy new offerings, including proceedings related to our products or our acquisitions, securities issuances or business practices. The results of any such claims, lawsuits, arbitration proceedings, government investigations or other legal or regulatory proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. Any claims against us, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, be harmful to our reputation, require significant management attention and divert significant resources. Determining reserves for litigation is a complex and fact-intensive process that requires significant subjective judgment and speculation. It is possible that such proceedings could result in substantial damages, settlement costs, fines and penalties that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. These proceedings could also result in harm to our reputation and brand, sanctions, consent decrees, injunctions or other orders requiring a change in our business practices. Any of these consequences could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, under certain circumstances, we have contractual and other legal obligations to indemnify and to incur legal expenses on behalf of our business and commercial partners and current and former directors and officers.

### We may require additional funding to support our business.

To grow our business, FingerMotion currently looks to take advantage of the immense growth in the total variety of mobile services provided in China. On February 1, 2022, the Xinhua News Agency reported that the combined business revenue in the telecom sector rose 8% year on year to about US$232.43 billion in 2021, with the growth rate up 4.1 percentage points from 2020, according to the PRC Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. For the Company to continue to grow, the deposit with the Telecoms needs to increase, as most of the revenue we process is dependent on the size of the deposit we have with each Telecom. We will need to raise additional capital to materially increase the amounts of these deposits with the Telecoms and to support the rollout of our Command & Communications business. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity, equity-linked or debt securities, those securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of our common stock, and our existing stockholders may experience dilution. Any debt financing secured by us in the future could involve restrictive covenants relating to our capital-raising activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities. We cannot be certain that additional funding will be available to us on favorable terms, or at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate funding or funding on terms satisfactory to us, when we require it, our ability to continue to support our business growth and to respond to business challenges could be significantly limited, and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

***Claims by others that we infringed their proprietary technology or other intellectual property rights could harm our business.***

Companies in the Internet and technology industries are frequently subject to litigation based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. In addition, certain companies and rights holders seek to enforce and monetize patents or other intellectual property rights they own, have purchased or otherwise obtained. As we gain a public profile and the number of competitors in our market increases, the possibility of intellectual property rights claims against us grows. From time to time, third parties may assert claims of infringement of intellectual property rights against us. Many potential litigants, including some of our competitors and patent-holding companies, have the ability to dedicate substantial resources to assert their intellectual property rights. Any claim of infringement by a third party, even those without merit, could cause us to incur substantial costs defending against the claim, could distract our management from our business and could require us to cease use of such intellectual property. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, we risk compromising our confidential information during this type of litigation. We may be required to pay substantial damages, royalties or other fees in connection with a claimant securing a judgment against us, we may be subject to an injunction or other restrictions that prevent us from using or distributing our intellectual property, or we may agree to a settlement that prevents us from distributing our offerings or a portion thereof, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

With respect to any intellectual property rights claim, we may have to seek out a license to continue operations found to be in violation of such rights, which may not be available on favorable or commercially reasonable terms and may significantly increase our operating expenses. Some licenses may be non-exclusive, and therefore our competitors may have access to the same technology licensed to us. If a third party does not offer us a license to its intellectual property on reasonable terms, or at all, we may be required to develop alternative, non-infringing technology, which could require significant time (during which we would be unable to continue to offer our affected offerings), effort and expense and may ultimately not be successful. Any of these events could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

**Geopolitical Tensions Between the United States and China Could Adversely Affect Our Operations and Business Environment.**

Although our services are not directly affected by tariffs, ongoing political and trade tensions between the United States and China could lead to new regulations or restrictions that may impact our operations. These may include changes in laws, data rules, or cross-border business policies that we cannot predict at this time. Any unexpected government action could affect how we operate or grow our business in the future.

### Risks Related to Our Securities

### Our stock has limited liquidity.

Our common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market on December 28, 2021, and before that it traded on the OTCQX operated by OTC Markets Group Inc. Trading volume in our shares may be sporadic and the price could experience volatility. If adverse market conditions exist, you may have difficulty selling your shares.

The market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to numerous factors, some of which are beyond our control, including the following:

- actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;
- changes in financial estimates by securities analysts or our failure to perform in line with such estimates;
- changes in market valuations of other companies, particularly those that market services such as ours;
- announcements by us or our competitors of significant innovations, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments;
- introduction of product enhancements that reduce the need for our products;
- departure of key personnel; and
- changes in overall global market sentiments and economy trends

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### We do not intend to pay cash dividends for the foreseeable future.

We have never declared nor paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain any future earnings to finance the operation and expansion of our business, and we do not expect to declare or pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. As a result, stockholders must rely on sales of their common stock after price appreciation as the only way to realize any future gains on their investment.

***If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the market price and trading volume of our common stock could decline.***

The trading market for our common stock may depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us, our business, our market or our competition. The analysts’ estimates are based upon their own opinions and are often different from our estimates or expectations. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our common stock, provide a more favorable recommendation about our competitors or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, the price of our securities would likely decline. If few securities analysts commence coverage of us, or if one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our securities could decrease, which might cause the price and trading volume of our common stock to decline.

***The continued sale of our equity securities will dilute the ownership percentage of our existing shareholders and may decrease the market price for our Common Shares.***

Our Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, authorize the issuance of up to 200,000,000 Common Shares and up to 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock (“**Preferred Shares”**). Our Board of Directors has the authority to issue additional shares of our capital stock to provide additional financing in the future and designate the rights of the preferred shares, which may include voting, dividend, distribution or other rights that are preferential to those held by the common stockholders. The issuance of any such common or preferred shares may result in a reduction of the book value or market price of our outstanding common shares. To grow our business substantially, we will likely have to issue additional equity securities to obtain working capital to deposit with the telecommunications companies for which we process mobile recharge payments. Our efforts to fund our intended business plans will therefore result in dilution to our existing stockholders. If we do issue any such additional common shares, such issuance also will cause a reduction in the proportionate ownership and voting power of all other stockholders. As a result of such dilution, if you acquire common shares your proportionate ownership interest and voting power could be decreased. Furthermore, any such issuances could result in a change of control or a reduction in the market price for our common shares.

***If we fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be impaired.***

As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “**SOX”**). The SOX requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are continuing to develop and refine our disclosure controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we will file with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our principal executive and financial officers. We are also continuing to improve our internal control over financial reporting. We have expended, and anticipate that we will continue to expend, significant resources in order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting.

Our current controls and any new controls that we develop may become inadequate because of changes in the conditions in our business. Further, weaknesses in our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting may be discovered in the future. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls, or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement, could harm our results of operations or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and may result in a restatement of our financial statements for prior periods. Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could also adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting that we will eventually be required to include in our periodic reports that will be filed with the SEC. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information, which would likely adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

***Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) sales practice requirements may also limit a stockholder’s ability to buy and sell our shares of common stock, which could depress the price of our shares of common stock.***

FINRA rules require broker-dealers to have reasonable grounds for believing that the investment is suitable for a customer before recommending that investment to the customer. Prior to recommending speculative low-priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information about the customer’s financial status, tax status, investment objectives, and other information. Under interpretations of these rules, FINRA believes that there is a high probability that speculative low-priced securities will not be suitable for at least some customers. Thus, if our shares of common stock become speculative low-priced securities, the FINRA requirements make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that their customers buy our shares of common stock, which may limit your ability to buy and sell our shares of common stock, have an adverse effect on the market for our shares of common stock, and thereby depress our price per share of common stock.

***Our shares of common stock have been thinly traded, and you may be unable to sell at or near ask prices or at all if you need to sell your shares of common stock to raise money or otherwise desire to liquidate your shares.***

Until December 28, 2021, our shares of common stock were quoted on the OTCQB/QX where they were “thinly traded”, meaning that the number of persons interested in purchasing our shares of common stock at or near bid prices at any given time was relatively small or non-existent. Since we listed on Nasdaq on December 28, 2021, the volume of our shares of common stock traded has increased, but that volume could decrease until we are thinly traded again. That could occur due to a number of factors, including that we are relatively unknown to stock analysts, stock brokers, institutional investors and others in the investment community that generate or influence sales volume, and that even if we came to the attention of such persons, they tend to be risk-averse and might be reluctant to follow an unproven company such as ours or purchase or recommend the purchase of our shares of common stock until such time as we became more seasoned. As a consequence, there may be periods of several days or more when trading activity in our shares of common stock is minimal or non-existent, as compared to a seasoned issuer which has a large and steady volume of trading activity that will generally support continuous sales without an adverse effect on share price. Broad or active public trading market for our shares of common stock may not develop or be sustained.

### Risks Related to the VIE Agreements

***The PRC government may determine that the VIE Agreements are not in compliance with applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations.***

JiuGe Management, our WFOE, manages and operates the mobile data business through JiuGe Technology, the VIE, pursuant to the rights its holds under the VIE Agreements. Almost all economic benefits and risks arising from JiuGe Technology’s operations are transferred to JiuGe Management under these agreements.

There are risks involved with the operation of our business in reliance on the VIE Agreements, including the risk that the VIE Agreements may be determined by PRC regulators or courts to be unenforceable. Our PRC counsel has advised us that the VIE Agreements are binding and enforceable under PRC law, but has further advised that if the VIE Agreements were for any reason determined to be in breach of any existing or future PRC laws or regulations, the relevant regulatory authorities would have broad discretion in dealing with such breach, including:

- imposing economic penalties;
- discontinuing or restricting the operations of JiuGe Technology or JiuGe Management;

54

- imposing conditions or requirements in respect of the VIE Agreements with which JiuGe Technology or JiuGe Management may not be able to comply;
- requiring our company to restructure the relevant ownership structure or operations;
- taking other regulatory or enforcement actions that could adversely affect our company’s business; and
- revoking the business licenses and/or the licenses or certificates of JiuGe Management, and/or voiding the VIE Agreements.

Any of these actions could adversely affect our ability to manage, operate and gain the financial benefits of JiuGe Technology, which would have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, if the PRC government determines that the contractual arrangements constituting part of our VIE structure do not comply with PRC regulations, or if regulations change or are interpreted differently in the future, we may be unable to assert our contractual rights over the assets of our VIE, and our Common Shares may decline in value or become worthless.

***Our ability to manage and operate JiuGe Technology under the VIE Agreements may not be as effective as direct ownership.***

We conduct our mobile data business in the PRC and generate virtually all of our revenues through the VIE Agreements. Our plans for future growth are based substantially on growing the operations of JiuGe Technology. However, the VIE Agreements may not be as effective in providing us with control over JiuGe Technology as direct ownership. Under the current VIE arrangements, as a legal matter, if JiuGe Technology fails to perform its obligations under these contractual arrangements, we may have to (i) incur substantial costs and resources to enforce such arrangements, and (ii) rely on legal remedies under PRC law, which we cannot be sure would be effective. Therefore, if we are unable to effectively control JiuGe Technology, it may have an adverse effect on our ability to achieve our business objectives and grow our revenues.

***The VIE Agreements have never been challenged or recognized in court for the time being, the PRC government may determine that the VIE Agreements are not in compliance with applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations.***

The VIE Agreements are governed by the PRC law and provide for the resolution of disputes through arbitral proceedings pursuant to PRC law. If JiuGe Technology or its shareholders fail to perform the obligations under the VIE Agreements, we would be required to resort to legal remedies available under PRC law, including seeking specific performance or injunctive relief, or claiming damages. We cannot be sure that such remedies would provide us with effective means of causing JiuGe Technology to meet its obligations or recovering any losses or damages as a result of non-performance. Further, the legal environment in China is not as developed as in other jurisdictions. Uncertainties in the application of various laws, rules, regulations or policies in PRC legal system could limit our liability to enforce the VIE Agreements and protect our interests.

***The payment arrangement under the VIE Agreements may be challenged by the PRC tax authorities.***

We generate our revenues through the payments we receive pursuant to the VIE Agreements. We could face adverse tax consequences if the PRC tax authorities determine that the VIE Agreements were not entered into based on arm’s length negotiations. For example, PRC tax authorities may adjust our income and expenses for PRC tax purposes which could result in our being subject to higher tax liability or cause other adverse financial consequences.

***Shareholders of JiuGe Technology have potential conflicts of interest with our Company which may adversely affect our business.***

Li Li is the legal representative and general manager, and also a shareholder of JiuGe Technology. There could be conflicts that arise from time to time between our interests and the interests of Ms. Li. There could also be conflicts that arise between us and JiuGe Technology that would require our shareholders and JiuGe Technology’s shareholders to vote on corporate actions necessary to resolve the conflict. There can be no assurance in any such circumstances that Ms. Li will vote her shares in our best interest or otherwise act in the best interests of our company. If Ms. Li fails to act in our best interests, our operating performance and future growth could be adversely affected.

***We rely on the approval certificates and business license held by JiuGe Management and any deterioration of the relationship between JiuGe Management and JiuGe Technology could materially and adversely affect our business operations.***

We operate our mobile data business in China on the basis of the approval certificates, business license and other requisite licenses held by JiuGe Management and JiuGe Technology. There is no assurance that JiuGe Management and JiuGe Technology will be able to renew their licenses or certificates when their terms expire with substantially similar terms as the ones they currently hold.

Further, our relationship with JiuGe Technology is governed by the VIE Agreements that are intended to provide us with effective control over the business operations of JiuGe Technology. However, the VIE Agreements may not be effective in providing control over the application for and maintenance of the licenses required for our business operations. JiuGe Technology could violate the VIE Agreements, go bankrupt, suffer from difficulties in its business or otherwise become unable to perform its obligations under the VIE Agreements and, as a result, our operations, reputations and business could be severely harmed.

***If JiuGe Management exercises the purchase option it holds over JiuGe Technology’s share capital pursuant to the VIE Agreements, the payment of the purchase price could materially and adversely affect our financial position.***

Under the VIE Agreements, JiuGe Technology’s shareholder has granted JiuGe Management an option for the maximum period of time permitted by law to purchase all of the equity interest in JiuGe Technology at a price equal to one dollar or the lowest applicable price allowable by PRC laws and regulations. As JiuGe Technology is already our contractually controlled affiliate, JiuGe Management’s exercising of the option would not bring immediate benefits to our company, and payment of the purchase prices could adversely affect our financial position.

### Risks Related to Doing Business in China

***Changes in China’s political or economic situation could harm us and our operating results.***

Economic reforms adopted by the Chinese government have had a positive effect on the economic development of the country, but the government could change these economic reforms or any of the legal systems at any time. This could either benefit or damage our operations and profitability. Some of the things that could have this effect are:

- Level of government involvement in the economy;
- Control of foreign exchange;
- Methods of allocating resources;
- Balance of payments position;
- International trade restrictions; and
- International conflict.

The Chinese economy differs from the economies of most countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (the “**OECD”**), in many ways. For example, state-owned enterprises still constitute a large portion of the Chinese economy and weak corporate governance and a lack of flexible currency exchange policy still prevail in China. As a result of these differences, we may not develop in the same way or at the same rate as might be expected if the Chinese economy was similar to those of the OECD member countries.

***Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could limit the legal protections available to you and us.***

We conduct substantially all of our business through our operating subsidiary and affiliate in the PRC. Our principal operating subsidiary and affiliate, JiuGe Management and JiuGe Technology, are subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investments in China and, in particular, laws applicable to foreign-invested enterprises. The PRC legal system is based on written statutes, and prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value. Since 1979, a series of new PRC laws and regulations have significantly enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investments in China. However, since the PRC legal system continues to evolve rapidly, the interpretations of many laws, regulations and rules are not always uniform and enforcement of these laws, regulations and rules involves uncertainties, which may limit legal protections available to you and us. In addition, any litigation in China may be protracted and result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention. In addition, most of our executive officers and all of our directors are not residents of the United States, and substantially all the assets of these persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it could be difficult for investors to effect service of process in the United States or to enforce a judgment obtained in the United States against our Chinese operations, subsidiary and affiliate.

***The current tensions in international trade and rising political tensions, particularly between the United States and China, may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.***

Recently there have been heightened tensions in international economic relations, such as the one between the United States and China. Political tensions between the United States and China have escalated due to, among other things, trade disputes, the COVID-19 outbreak, sanctions imposed by the U.S. Department of Treasury on certain officials of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the PRC central government and the executive orders issued by the U.S. government in November 2020 that prohibit certain transactions with certain China-based companies and their respective subsidiaries. Rising political tensions could reduce levels of trade, investments, technological exchanges, and other economic activities between the two major economies. Such tensions between the United States and China, and any escalation thereof, may have a negative impact on the general, economic, political, and social conditions in China and, in turn, adversely impacting our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Regulations were introduced which includes but not limited to Article 177 of the PRC Securities Law which states that overseas securities regulatory authorities shall not carry out an investigation and evidence collection activities directly in China without the consent of the securities regulatory authority of the State Council and the relevant State Council department(s). It further defines that no organization or individual shall provide the documents and materials relating to securities business activities to overseas parties arbitrarily. With this regulation in force, it may result in delays by the Company to fulfill any request to provide relevant documents or materials by the regulatory authorities or in the worst-case scenario that the Company would not be able to fulfill the request if the approval from the regulatory authority of the State Council and the relevant State Council department(s) were rejected.

### You may have difficulty enforcing judgments against us.

We are a Delaware holding company, but Finger Motion (CN) Limited is a Hong Kong company, and our principal operating affiliate and subsidiary, JiuGe Technology and JiuGe Management, are located in the PRC. Most of our assets are located outside the United States and most of our current operations are conducted in the PRC. In addition, all of our directors and officers are nationals and residents of countries other than the United States. A substantial portion of the assets of these persons is located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for you to effect service of process within the United States upon these persons. It may also be difficult for you to enforce in U.S. courts judgments predicated on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against us and our officers and directors, all of whom are not residents in the United States and the substantial majority of whose assets are located outside the United States. In addition, there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the PRC would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts. The recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments are provided for under the PRC Civil Procedures Law. Courts in China may recognize and enforce foreign judgments in accordance with the requirements of the PRC Civil Procedures Law based on treaties between China and the country where the judgment is made or on reciprocity between jurisdictions. China does not have any treaties or other arrangements that provide for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments with the United States. In addition, according to the PRC Civil Procedures Law, courts in the PRC will not enforce a foreign judgment against us or our directors and officers if they decide that the judgment violates basic principles of PRC law or national sovereignty, security or the public interest. Therefore, it is uncertain whether a PRC court would enforce a judgment rendered by a court in the United States.

***The PRC government exerts substantial influence over the manner in which we must conduct our business activities.***

The PRC government has exercised and continues to exercise substantial control over virtually every sector of the Chinese economy through regulation and state ownership. Our ability to operate in China may be harmed by changes in its laws and regulations, including those relating to taxation, import and export tariffs, environmental regulations, land use rights, property and other matters. We believe that our operations in China are in material compliance with all applicable legal and regulatory requirements. However, the central or local governments of the jurisdictions in which we operate may impose new, stricter regulations or interpretations of existing regulations that would require additional expenditures and efforts on our part to ensure our compliance with such regulations or interpretations.

Accordingly, government actions in the future, including any decision not to continue to support recent economic reforms and to return to a more centrally planned economy or regional or local variations in the implementation of economic policies, could have a significant effect on economic conditions in China or particular regions thereof and could require us to divest ourselves of any interest we then hold in Chinese properties or joint ventures.

***The PRC government may exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers.***

Recent statements by the PRC government indicate an intent to take actions to exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers. On February 17, 2023, the CSRC promulgated Trial Administrative Measures of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the “**Overseas Listing Trial Measures”**) and five guidelines, which became effective on March 31, 2023. The Overseas Listing Trial Measures have introduced a filing-based regulatory regime that regulates both direct and indirect overseas offerings and listings of PRC domestic companies’ securities. Under the Overseas Listing Trial Measures, if the issuer meets both of the following conditions, any overseas securities offering or listing conducted by such issuer will constitute an indirect overseas offering that is subject to the prescribed filing procedures: (i) 50% or more of the issuer’s operating revenue, total profit, total assets or net assets as documented in its audited consolidated financial statements for the most recent accounting year is accounted for by domestic companies; and (ii) the main parts of the issuer’s business activities are conducted in mainland China, or its main places of business are located in mainland China, or the senior managers in charge of its business operations and management are mostly Chinese citizens or domiciled in mainland China. Any such issuer that submits an application for an initial public offering to competent overseas regulators, must make the required filing with the CSRC within three business days following the date of the application. Where a domestic company fails to comply with filing requirements or is otherwise determined to be in violation of the Overseas Listing Trial Measures, the CSRC may order rectification, issue a warning, and impose a fine ranging from RMB1,000,000 to RMB10,000,000. Controlling persons (including directors and officers) of the domestic company that are determined to be responsible for such filing delinquencies or violations can also be sanctioned.

On February 17, 2023, the CSRC held a press conference in connection with the release of the Overseas Listing Trial Measures and issued the Notice on Administration for the Filing of Overseas Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies, which, among other things, clarified that domestic companies that had been listed overseas on or before the effective date of the Overseas Listing Trial Measures (March 31, 2023) shall be deemed to be “stock enterprises”. Stock enterprises were exempted from having to immediately comply with the filing procedures, with their first filings being deferred to when they undertook a further overseas offering or listing. Generally, we understand that, for these purposes, the filing requirement would apply in respect of securities that are offered in a public overseas offering, and likely to securities that, having been offered in a private overseas offering, become eligible for resale to the public.

Specifics of the Overseas Listing Trial Measures, and the administrative rules, policies and practices of the CSRC, are somewhat unclear, and it remains uncertain what potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on our ability to conduct our business, accept investments or list or maintain a listing on a U.S. or foreign exchange. If we are found to be delinquent in our filing obligations under, or are otherwise found to be in violation of, the Overseas Listing Trial Measures, this could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities to investors and could cause the value of our securities to significantly decline or be worthless.

### Future inflation in China may inhibit our ability to conduct business in China.

In recent years, the Chinese economy has experienced periods of rapid expansion and highly fluctuating rates of inflation. During the past ten years, the rate of inflation in China has been as high as 4.5% and as low as 0.2%. These factors have led to the adoption by the Chinese government, from time to time, of various corrective measures designed to restrict the availability of credit or regulate growth and contain inflation. High inflation may in the future cause the Chinese government to impose controls on credit and/or prices, or to take other action, which could inhibit economic activity in China, and thereby harm the market for our products and our company.

***Capital outflow policies in the PRC may hamper our ability to remit income to the United States.***

The PRC has adopted currency and capital transfer regulations. These regulations may require that we comply with complex regulations for the movement of capital and as a result we may not be able to remit all income earned and proceeds received in connection with our operations or from the sale of one of our operating subsidiaries to the U.S. or to our shareholders.

***Adverse regulatory developments in China may subject us to additional regulatory review, and additional disclosure requirements and regulatory scrutiny to be adopted by the SEC in response to risks related to recent regulatory developments in China may impose additional compliance requirements for companies like us with significant China-based operations, all of which could increase our compliance costs, subject us to additional disclosure requirements.***

The recent regulatory developments in China, in particular with respect to restrictions on China-based companies raising capital offshore, may lead to additional regulatory review in China over our financing and capital raising activities in the United States. In addition, we may be subject to industry-wide regulations that may be adopted by the relevant PRC authorities, which may have the effect of limiting our service offerings, restricting the scope of our operations in China, or causing the suspension or termination of our business operations in China entirely, all of which will materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may have to adjust, modify, or completely change our business operations in response to adverse regulatory changes or policy developments, and we cannot assure you that any remedial action adopted by us can be completed in a timely, cost-efficient, or liability-free manner or at all.

On July 30, 2021, in response to the recent regulatory developments in China and actions adopted by the PRC government, the Chairman of the SEC issued a statement asking the SEC staff to seek additional disclosures from offshore issuers associated with China-based operating companies before their registration statements will be declared effective. On August 1, 2021, the CSRC stated in a statement that it had taken note of the new disclosure requirements announced by the SEC regarding the listings of Chinese companies and the recent regulatory development in China, and that both countries should strengthen communications on regulating China-related issuers. We cannot guarantee that we will not be subject to tightened regulatory review and we could be exposed to government interference in China.

***Compliance with China’s new Data Security Law, Measures on Cybersecurity Review (revised draft for public consultation), Personal Information Protection Law (second draft for consultation), regulations and guidelines relating to the multi-level protection scheme and any other future laws and regulations may entail significant expenses and could materially affect our business.***

China has implemented or will implement rules and is considering a number of additional proposals relating to data protection. China’s new Data Security Law promulgated by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress of China in June 2021, or the Data Security Law, took effect in September 2021. The Data Security Law provides that the data processing activities must be conducted based on “data classification and hierarchical protection system” for the purpose of data protection and prohibits entities in China from transferring data stored in China to foreign law enforcement agencies or judicial authorities without prior approval by the Chinese government. As a result of the new Data Security Law, we may need to make adjustments to our data processing practices to comply with this law.

Additionally, China’s Cyber Security Law, requires companies to take certain organizational, technical and administrative measures and other necessary measures to ensure the security of their networks and data stored on their networks. Specifically, the Cyber Security Law provides that China adopt a multi-level protection scheme (MLPS), under which network operators are required to perform obligations of security protection to ensure that the network is free from interference, disruption or unauthorized access, and prevent network data from being disclosed, stolen or tampered. Under the MLPS, entities operating information systems must have a thorough assessment of the risks and the conditions of their information and network systems to determine the level to which the entity’s information and network systems belong-from the lowest Level 1 to the highest Level 5 pursuant to the Measures for the Graded Protection and the Guidelines for Grading of Classified Protection of Cyber Security. The grading result will determine the set of security protection obligations that entities must comply with. Entities classified as Level 2 or above should report the grade to the relevant government authority for examination and approval.

The Cyberspace Administration of China (the “**CAC”**) has taken action against several Chinese internet companies in connection with their initial public offerings on U.S. securities exchanges, for alleged national security risks and improper collection and use of the personal information of Chinese data subjects. According to the official announcement, the action was initiated based on the National Security Law, the Cyber Security Law and the Measures on Cybersecurity Review, which are aimed at “preventing national data security risks, maintaining national security and safeguarding public interests.” On July 10, 2021, the CAC published a revised draft of the Measures on Cybersecurity Review, expanding the cybersecurity review to data processing operators in possession of personal information of over 1 million users if the operators intend to list their securities in a foreign country.

It is unclear at the present time how widespread the cybersecurity review requirement and the enforcement action will be and what effect they will have on the telecommunications sector generally and the Company in particular. China’s regulators may impose penalties for non-compliance ranging from fines or suspension of operations, and this could lead to us delisting from the U.S. stock market.

Also, on November 20, 2021, the National People’s Congress passed the Personal Information Protection Law, which was implemented on November 1, 2021. The law creates a comprehensive set of data privacy and protection requirements that apply to the processing of personal information and expands data protection compliance obligations to cover the processing of personal information of persons by organizations and individuals in China, and the processing of personal information of persons in China outside of China if such processing is for purposes of providing products and services to, or analyzing and evaluating the behavior of, persons in China. The law also proposes that critical information infrastructure operators and personal information processing entities who process personal information meeting a volume threshold to-be-set by Chinese cyberspace regulators are also required to store in China personal information generated or collected in China, and to pass a security assessment administered by Chinese cyberspace regulators for any export of such personal information. Lastly, the draft contains proposals for significant fines for serious violations of up to RMB 50 million or 5% of annual revenues from the prior year.

Interpretation, application and enforcement of these laws, rules and regulations evolve from time to time and their scope may continually change, through new legislation, amendments to existing legislation and changes in enforcement. Compliance with the Cyber Security Law and the Data Security Law could significantly increase the cost to us of providing our service offerings, require significant changes to our operations or even prevent us from providing certain service offerings in jurisdictions in which we currently operate or in which we may operate in the future. Despite our efforts to comply with applicable laws, regulations and other obligations relating to privacy, data protection and information security, it is possible that our practices, offerings or platform could fail to meet all of the requirements imposed on us by the Cyber Security Law, the Data Security Law and/or related implementing regulations. Any failure on our part to comply with such law or regulations or any other obligations relating to privacy, data protection or information security, or any compromise of security that results in unauthorized access, use or release of personally identifiable information or other data, or the perception or allegation that any of the foregoing types of failure or compromise has occurred, could damage our reputation, discourage new and existing counterparties from contracting with us or result in investigations, fines, suspension or other penalties by Chinese government authorities and private claims or litigation, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Even if our practices are not subject to legal challenge, the perception of privacy concerns, whether or not valid, may harm our reputation and brand and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, the legal uncertainty created by the Data Security Law and the recent Chinese government actions could materially adversely affect our ability, on favorable terms, to raise capital, including engaging in follow-on offerings of our securities in the U.S. market.

***Restrictions on currency exchange may limit our ability to receive and use our revenues effectively.***

The majority of our revenues will be settled in Chinese Renminbi (RMB), and any future restrictions on currency exchanges may limit our ability to use revenue generated in RMB to fund any future business activities outside China or to make dividend or other payments in U.S. dollars. Although the Chinese government introduced regulations in 1996 to allow greater convertibility of the RMB for current account transactions, significant restrictions still remain, including primarily the restriction that foreign-invested enterprises may only buy, sell or remit foreign currencies after providing valid commercial documents, at those banks in China authorized to conduct foreign exchange business. In addition, conversion of RMB for capital account items, including direct investment and loans, is subject to governmental approval in China, and companies are required to open and maintain separate foreign exchange accounts for capital account items. We cannot be certain that the Chinese regulatory authorities will not impose more stringent restrictions on the convertibility of the RMB.

***Fluctuations in exchange rates could adversely affect our business and the value of our securities.***

The value of our common stock will be indirectly affected by the foreign exchange rate between U.S. dollars and RMB and between those currencies and other currencies in which our sales may be denominated. Appreciation or depreciation in the value of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar would affect our financial results reported in U.S. dollar terms without giving effect to any underlying change in our business or results of operations. Fluctuations in the exchange rate will also affect the relative value of any dividend we issue that will be exchanged into U.S. dollars as well as earnings from, and the value of, any U.S. dollar-denominated investments we make in the future.

Since July 2005, the RMB is no longer pegged to the U.S. dollar. Although the People’s Bank of China regularly intervenes in the foreign exchange market to prevent significant short-term fluctuations in the exchange rate, the RMB may appreciate or depreciate significantly in value against the U.S. dollar in the medium to long term. Moreover, it is possible that in the future PRC authorities may lift restrictions on fluctuations in the RMB exchange rate and lessen intervention in the foreign exchange market.

Very limited hedging transactions are available in China to reduce our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations. To date, we have not entered into any hedging transactions. While we may enter into hedging transactions in the future, the availability and effectiveness of these transactions may be limited, and we may not be able to successfully hedge our exposure at all. In addition, our foreign currency exchange losses may be magnified by PRC exchange control regulations that restrict our ability to convert RMB into foreign currencies.

***Restrictions under PRC law on our PRC subsidiary’s ability to make dividends and other distributions could materially and adversely affect our ability to grow, make investments or acquisitions that could benefit our business, pay dividends to our shareholders, and otherwise fund and conduct our businesses.***

Substantially all of our revenue is earned by JiuGe Management, our PRC subsidiary. PRC regulations restrict the ability of our PRC subsidiary to make dividends and other payments to its offshore parent company. PRC legal restrictions permit payments of dividends by our PRC subsidiary only out of its accumulated after-tax profits, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. Our PRC subsidiary is also required under PRC laws and regulations to allocate at least 10% of our annual after-tax profits determined in accordance with PRC GAAP to a statutory general reserve fund until the amount in said fund reaches 50% of our registered capital. Allocations to these statutory reserve funds can only be used for specific purposes and are not transferable to us in the form of loans, advances or cash dividends. Any limitations on the ability of our PRC subsidiary to transfer funds to us could materially and adversely limit our ability to grow, make investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our business, pay dividends and otherwise fund and conduct our business.

***PRC regulation of loans and direct investment by offshore holding companies to PRC entities may delay or prevent us from making loans or additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiary and affiliated entities, which could harm our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.***

As an offshore holding company of our PRC subsidiary, we may (i) make loans to our PRC subsidiary and affiliated entities, (ii) make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiary, (iii) establish new PRC subsidiaries and make capital contributions to these new PRC subsidiaries, and (iv) acquire offshore entities with business operations in China in an offshore transaction. However, most of these uses are subject to PRC regulations and approvals. For example:

- loans by us to our wholly-owned subsidiary in China, which is a foreign-invested enterprise, cannot exceed statutory limits and must be registered with the State Administration of Foreign Exchange of the PRC (the “**SAFE”**) or its local counterparts;
- loans by us to our affiliated entities, which are domestic PRC entities, over a certain threshold must be approved by the relevant government authorities and must also be registered with the SAFE or its local counterparts; and
- capital contributions to our wholly-owned subsidiary must file a record with the PRC Ministry of Commerce (“**MOFCOM”**) or its local counterparts and shall also be limited to the difference between the registered capital and the total investment amount.

We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain these government registrations or filings on a timely basis, or at all. If we fail to finish such registrations or filings, our ability to capitalize our PRC subsidiary’s operations may be adversely affected, which could adversely affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our business.

On March 30, 2015, the SAFE promulgated a notice relating to the administration of foreign invested company of its capital contribution in foreign currency into RMB (Hui Fa \[2015\]19) (“**Circular 19”**). Although Circular 19 has fastened the administration relating to the settlement of exchange of foreign-investment, allows the foreign-invested company to settle the exchange on a voluntary basis, it still requires that the bank review the authenticity and compliance of a foreign-invested company’s settlement of exchange in previous time, and the settled in RMB converted from foreign currencies shall deposit on the foreign exchange settlement account, and shall not be used for several purposes as listed in the “negative list”. As a result, the notice may limit our ability to transfer funds to our operations in China through our PRC subsidiary, which may affect our ability to expand our business. Meanwhile, the foreign exchange policy is unpredictable in China, it shall be various with the nationwide economic pattern, the strict foreign exchange policy may have an adverse impact in our capital cash and may limit our business expansion.

***Failure to comply with PRC regulations relating to the establishment of offshore special purpose companies by PRC residents may subject our PRC resident shareholders to personal liability, limit our ability to acquire PRC companies or to inject capital into our PRC subsidiary or affiliate, limit our PRC subsidiary’s and affiliate’s ability to distribute profits to us or otherwise materially adversely affect us.***

In October 2005, the SAFE, issued the Notice on Relevant Issues in the Foreign Exchange Control over Financing and Return Investment Through Special Purpose Companies by Residents Inside China, generally referred to as Circular 75, which required PRC residents to register with the competent local SAFE branch before establishing or acquiring control over an offshore special purpose company (“**SPV”**), for the purpose of engaging in an equity financing outside of China on the strength of domestic PRC assets originally held by those residents. Internal implementing guidelines issued by the SAFE, which became public in June 2007 (“**Notice 106”**), expanded the reach of Circular 75 by (1) purporting to cover the establishment or acquisition of control by PRC residents of offshore entities which merely acquire “control” over domestic companies or assets, even in the absence of legal ownership; (2) adding requirements relating to the source of the PRC resident’s funds used to establish or acquire the offshore entity; covering the use of existing offshore entities for offshore financings; (3) purporting to cover situations in which an offshore SPV establishes a new subsidiary in China or acquires an unrelated company or unrelated assets in China; and (4) making the domestic affiliate of the SPV responsible for the accuracy of certain documents which must be filed in connection with any such registration, notably, the business plan which describes the overseas financing and the use of proceeds. Amendments to registrations made under Circular 75 are required in connection with any increase or decrease of capital, transfer of shares, mergers and acquisitions, equity investment or creation of any security interest in any assets located in China to guarantee offshore obligations and Notice 106 makes the offshore SPV jointly responsible for these filings. In the case of an SPV which was established, and which acquired a related domestic company or assets, before the implementation date of Circular 75, a retroactive SAFE registration was required to have been completed before March 30, 2006; this date was subsequently extended indefinitely by Notice 106, which also required that the registrant establish that all foreign exchange transactions undertaken by the SPV and its affiliates were in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Failure to comply with the requirements of Circular 75, as applied by the SAFE in accordance with Notice 106, may result in fines and other penalties under PRC laws for evasion of applicable foreign exchange restrictions. Any such failure could also result in the SPV’s affiliates being impeded or prevented from distributing their profits and the proceeds from any reduction in capital, share transfer or liquidation to the SPV, or from engaging in other transfers of funds into or out of China.

We have advised our shareholders who are PRC residents, as defined in Circular 75, to register with the relevant branch of SAFE, as currently required, in connection with their equity interests in us and our acquisitions of equity interests in our PRC subsidiary and affiliate. However, we cannot provide any assurances that their existing registrations have fully complied with, and they have made all necessary amendments to their registration to fully comply with, all applicable registrations or approvals required by Circular 75. Moreover, because of uncertainty over how Circular 75 will be interpreted and implemented, and how or whether the SAFE will apply it to us, we cannot predict how it will affect our business operations or future strategies. For example, our present and prospective PRC subsidiaries’ and affiliates’ ability to conduct foreign exchange activities, such as the remittance of dividends and foreign currency-denominated borrowings, may be subject to compliance with Circular 75 by our PRC resident beneficial holders. In addition, such PRC residents may not always be able to complete the necessary registration procedures required by Circular 75. We also have little control over either our present or prospective direct or indirect shareholders or the outcome of such registration procedures. A failure by our PRC resident beneficial holders or future PRC resident shareholders to comply with Circular 75, if the SAFE requires it, could subject these PRC resident beneficial holders to fines or legal sanctions, restrict our overseas or cross-border investment activities, limit our subsidiary’s and affiliate’s ability to make distributions or pay dividends or affect our ownership structure, which could adversely affect our business and prospects.

***We may be subject to fines and legal sanctions by the SAFE or other PRC government authorities if we or our employees who are PRC citizens fail to comply with PRC regulations relating to employee stock options granted by offshore listed companies to PRC citizens.***

On March 28, 2007, the SAFE promulgated the Operating Procedures for Foreign Exchange Administration of Domestic Individuals Participating in Employee Stock Ownership Plans and Stock Option Plans of Offshore Listed Companies (“**Circular 78”**). Under Circular 78, Chinese citizens who are granted share options by an offshore listed company are required, through a Chinese agent or Chinese subsidiary of the offshore listed company, to register with SAFE and complete certain other procedures, including applications for foreign exchange purchase quotas and opening special bank accounts. We and our Chinese employees who have been granted share options are subject to Circular 78. Failure to comply with these regulations may subject us or our Chinese employees to fines and legal sanctions imposed by the SAFE or other PRC government authorities and may prevent us from further granting options under our share incentive plans to our employees. Such events could adversely affect our business operations.

***Under the New EIT Law, we may be classified as a “resident enterprise” of China. Such classification will likely result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders.***

Under the New EIT Law effective on January 1, 2008, an enterprise established outside China with “de facto management bodies” within China is considered a “resident enterprise,” meaning that it can be treated in a manner similar to a Chinese enterprise for enterprise income tax purposes. The implementing rules of the New EIT Law define de facto management as “substantial and overall management and control over the production and operations, personnel, accounting, and properties” of the enterprise.

On April 22, 2009, the State Administration of Taxation issued the Notice Concerning Relevant Issues Regarding Cognizance of Chinese Investment Controlled Enterprises Incorporated Offshore as Resident Enterprises pursuant to Criteria of de facto Management Bodies (the “**Notice”**), further interpreting the application of the New EIT Law and its implementation non-Chinese enterprise or group controlled offshore entities. Pursuant to the Notice, an enterprise incorporated in an offshore jurisdiction and controlled by a Chinese enterprise or group will be classified as a “non-domestically incorporated resident enterprise” if (i) its senior management in charge of daily operations reside or perform their duties mainly in China; (ii) its financial or personnel decisions are made or approved by bodies or persons in China; (iii) its substantial assets and properties, accounting books, corporate chops, board and shareholder minutes are kept in China; and (iv) at least half of its directors with voting rights or senior management often resident in China. A resident enterprise would be subject to an enterprise income tax rate of 25% on its worldwide income and must pay a withholding tax at a rate of 10% when paying dividends to its non-PRC shareholders. However, it remains unclear as to whether the Notice is applicable to an offshore enterprise incorporated by a Chinese natural person. Nor are detailed measures on imposition of tax from non-domestically incorporated resident enterprises are available. Therefore, it is unclear how tax authorities will determine tax residency based on the facts of each case.

Given the above conditions, although unlikely, we may be deemed to be a resident enterprise by Chinese tax authorities. If the PRC tax authorities determine that we are a “resident enterprise” for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, a number of unfavorable PRC tax consequences could follow. First, we may be subject to the enterprise income tax at a rate of 25% on our worldwide taxable income as well as PRC enterprise income tax reporting obligations. In our case, this would mean that income such as interest on financing proceeds and non-China source income would be subject to PRC enterprise income tax at a rate of 25%. Second, although under the New EIT Law and its implementing rules dividends paid to us from our PRC subsidiary would qualify as “tax-exempt income,” we cannot guarantee that such dividends will not be subject to a 10% withholding tax, as the PRC foreign exchange control authorities, which enforce the withholding tax, have not yet issued guidance with respect to the processing of outbound remittances to entities that are treated as resident enterprises for PRC enterprise income tax purposes. Finally, it is possible that future guidance issued with respect to the new “resident enterprise” classification could result in a situation in which a 10% withholding tax is imposed on dividends we pay to our non-PRC shareholders and with respect to gains derived by our non-PRC shareholders from transferring our shares. We are actively monitoring the possibility of “resident enterprise” treatment.

If we were treated as a “resident enterprise” by PRC tax authorities, we would be subject to taxation in both the U.S. and China, and our PRC tax may not be creditable against our U.S. tax.

***We may be exposed to liabilities under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the “FCPA”) and Chinese anti-corruption laws, and any determination that we violated these laws could have a material adverse effect on our business.***

We are subject to the FCPA and other laws that prohibit improper payments or offers of payments to foreign governments and their officials and political parties by U.S. persons and issuers as defined by the statute, for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. We have operations, agreements with third parties and we earn the majority of our revenue in China. PRC also strictly prohibits bribery of government officials. Our activities in China create the risk of unauthorized payments or offers of payments by our executive officers, employees, consultants, sales agents or other representatives of our Company, even though they may not always be subject to our control. It is our policy to implement safeguards to discourage these practices by our employees. However, our existing safeguards and any future improvements may prove to be less than effective, and the executive officers, employees, consultants, sales agents or other representatives of our Company may engage in conduct for which we might be held responsible. Violations of the FCPA or Chinese anti-corruption laws may result in severe criminal or civil sanctions, and we may be subject to other liabilities, which could negatively affect our business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, the U.S. government may seek to hold our Company liable for successor liability FCPA violations committed by companies in which we invest or that we acquire.

***Because our business is located in the PRC, we may have difficulty establishing adequate management, legal and financial controls, which we are required to do in order to comply with U.S. securities laws.***

PRC companies have historically not adopted a Western style of management and financial reporting concepts and practices, which includes strong corporate governance, internal controls and computer, financial and other control systems. Some of our staff is not educated and trained in the Western system, and we may have difficulty hiring new employees in the PRC with such training. As a result of these factors, we may experience difficulty in establishing management, legal and financial controls, collecting financial data and preparing financial statements, books of account and corporate records and instituting business practices that meet Western standards. Therefore, we may, in turn, experience difficulties in implementing and maintaining adequate internal controls as required under Section 404 of the SOX. This may result in significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in our internal controls, which could impact the reliability of our financial statements and prevent us from complying with Commission rules and regulations and the requirements of the SOX. Any such deficiencies, weaknesses or lack of compliance could have a materially adverse effect on our business.

***The disclosures in our reports and other filings with the SEC and our other public announcements are not subject to the scrutiny of any regulatory bodies in the PRC. Accordingly, our public disclosure should be reviewed in light of the fact that no governmental agency that is located in the PRC, where part of our operations and business are located, has conducted any due diligence on our operations or reviewed or cleared any of our disclosure.***

We are regulated by the SEC and our reports and other filings with the SEC are subject to SEC review in accordance with the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. Unlike public reporting companies whose operations are located primarily in the United States, however, substantially all of our operations are located in the PRC and Hong Kong. Since substantially all of our operations and business takes place outside of United States, it may be more difficult for the staff of the SEC to overcome the geographic and cultural obstacles that are present when reviewing our disclosure. These same obstacles are not present for similar companies whose operations or business take place entirely or primarily in the United States. Furthermore, our SEC reports and other disclosure and public announcements are not subject to the review or scrutiny of any PRC regulatory authority. For example, the disclosure in our SEC reports and other filings are not subject to the review of the CSRC. Accordingly, you should review our SEC reports, filings and our other public announcements with the understanding that no local regulator has done any due diligence on our Company and with the understanding that none of our SEC reports, other filings or any of our other public announcements has been reviewed or otherwise been scrutinized by any local regulator.

***Certain PRC regulations, including those relating to mergers and acquisitions and national security, may require a complicated review and approval process which could make it more difficult for us to pursue growth through acquisitions in China.***

The Regulations on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors (the “**M&A Rules”**), which became effective in September 2006 and were further amended in June 2009, requires that if an overseas company is established or controlled by PRC domestic companies or citizens intends to acquire equity interests or assets of any other PRC domestic company affiliated with the PRC domestic companies or citizens, such acquisition must be submitted to the MOFCOM, rather than local regulators, for approval. In addition, the M&A Rules requires that an overseas company controlled directly or indirectly by PRC companies or citizens and holding equity interests of PRC domestic companies needs to obtain the approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or CSRC, prior to listing its securities on an overseas stock exchange. On September 21, 2006, the CSRC published a notice on its official website specifying the documents and materials required to be submitted by overseas special purpose companies seeking the CSRC’s approval of their overseas listings.

The M&A Rules established additional procedures and requirements that could make merger and acquisition activities in China by foreign investors more time-consuming and complex. For example, the MOFCOM must be notified in the event a foreign investor takes control of a PRC domestic enterprise. In addition, certain acquisitions of domestic companies by offshore companies that are related to or affiliated with the same entities or individuals of the domestic companies, are subject to approval by the MOFCOM. In addition, the Implementing Rules Concerning Security Review on Mergers and Acquisitions by Foreign Investors of Domestic Enterprises, issued by the MOFCOM in November 2011, require that mergers and acquisitions by foreign investors in “any industry with national security concerns” be subject to national security review by the MOFCOM. In addition, any activities attempting to circumvent such review process, including structuring the transaction through a proxy or contractual control arrangement, are strictly prohibited.

There is significant uncertainty regarding the interpretation and implementation of these regulations relating to merger and acquisition activities in China. In addition, complying with these requirements could be time-consuming, and the required notification, review or approval process may materially delay or affect our ability to complete merger and acquisition transactions in China. As a result, our ability to seek growth through acquisitions may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, if the MOFCOM determines that we should have obtained its approval for our entry into contractual arrangements with our affiliated entities, we may be required to file for remedial approvals. There is no assurance that we would be able to obtain such approval from the MOFCOM.

If the MOFCOM, the CSRC and/or other PRC regulatory agencies subsequently determine that the approvals from the MOFCOM and/or CSRC and/or other PRC regulatory agencies were required, our PRC business could be challenged, and we may need to apply for a remedial approval and may be subject to certain administrative punishments or other sanctions from PRC regulatory agencies. The regulatory agencies may impose fines and penalties on our operations in the PRC, limit our operating privileges in the PRC, delay or restrict the conversion and remittance of our funds in foreign currencies into the PRC, or take other actions that could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation and prospects, as well as the trading price of our common stock.

***As substantially all of our operations are conducted through the VIE in China, our ability to pay dividends is primarily dependent on receiving distributions of funds from the VIE. However, the PRC government might exert more oversight and control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers, which would likely result in a material change in our operations, even significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities or dividends to investors, and the value of our common stock may depreciate significantly or become worthless.***

On July 6, 2021, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued the Opinions on Strictly Cracking Down on Illegal Securities Activities in Accordance with the Law (the “**Cracking Down on Illegal Securities Activities Opinions”**). The Cracking Down on Illegal Securities Activities Opinions emphasized the need to strengthen the administration over illegal securities activities and the supervision over overseas listings by China-based companies, and proposed to take measures, including promoting the construction of relevant regulatory systems to control the risks and deal with the incidents faced by China-based overseas-listed companies.

In addition, on December 24, 2021, the CSRC issued the draft Administration Provisions of the State Council on the Administration of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the “**Draft Administration Provisions”**) and the draft Administrative Measures for the Filing of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the “**Draft Administrative Measures”**), for public comments. The Draft Administration Provisions and the Draft Administrative Measures regulate overseas securities offering and listing by domestic companies in direct or indirect form. The Draft Administration Provisions specify the responsibilities of the CSRC to regulate the activities of overseas securities offering and listing by domestic companies and establish a filing-based regime. As a supporting measure to the Draft Administration Provisions, the Draft Administrative Measures, detail the determination criteria for indirect overseas listing in overseas markets. Specifically, an offering and listing shall be considered as an indirect overseas offering and listing by a domestic company if the issuer meets the following conditions: (i) the operating income, gross profit, total assets, or net assets of the domestic enterprise in the most recent fiscal year was more than 50% of the relevant line item in the issuer’s audited consolidated financial statement for that year; and (ii) senior management personnel responsible for business operations and management are mostly PRC citizens or are ordinarily resident in the PRC, or the main place of business is in the PRC or carried out in the PRC. In accordance with the Draft Administrative Measures, the issuer or its designated material domestic company, shall file with the CSRC and report the relevant information for its initial public offering.

On February 17, 2023, the CSRC promulgated the Overseas Listing Trial Measures and five relevant guidelines, which became effective on March 31, 2023. The Overseas Listing Trial Measures regulate both direct and indirect overseas offering and listing of PRC domestic companies’ securities by adopting a filing-based regulatory regime. According to the Overseas Listing Trial Measures, if the issuer meets both the following conditions, the overseas securities offering and listing conducted by such issuer will be determined as indirect overseas offering, which shall be subject to the filing procedure set forth under the Overseas Listing Trial Measures: (i) 50% or more of the issuer’s operating revenue, total profit, total assets or net assets as documented in its audited consolidated financial statements for the most recent accounting year is accounted for by domestic companies; and (ii) the main parts of the issuer’s business activities are conducted in mainland China, or its main places of business are located in mainland China, or the senior managers in charge of its business operations and management are mostly Chinese citizens or domiciled in mainland China. Where an abovementioned issuer submits an application for an initial public offering to competent overseas regulators, such issuer shall file with the CSRC within three business days after such application is submitted. Where a domestic company fails to fulfill filing procedure or in violation of the provisions as stipulated above, in respect of its overseas offering and listing, the CSRC shall order rectification, issue warnings to such domestic company, and impose a fine ranging from RMB1,000,000 to RMB10,000,000. Also, the directly liable persons and actual controllers of the domestic company that organize or instruct the aforementioned violations shall be warned and/or imposed fines.

Also on February 17, 2023, the CSRC also held a press conference for the release of the Overseas Listing Trial Measures and issued the Notice on Administration for the Filing of Overseas Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies, which, among others, clarifies that the domestic companies that have already been listed overseas on or before the effective date of the Overseas Listing Trial Measures (March 31, 2023) shall be deemed as “stock enterprises”. Stock enterprises are not required to complete the filling procedures immediately, and they shall be required to file with the CSRC when subsequent matters such as refinancing are involved.

Due to the Overseas Listing Trial Measures, we will be required to file with the CSRC with respect to an offering of new securities, which may subject us to additional compliance requirements in the future and we cannot assure you that we will be able to get the clearance from the CSRC for any offering of new securities on a timely manner. Any failure of us to comply with the new Overseas Listing Trial Measures may significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer our securities, cause significant disruption to our business operations, and severely damage our reputation.

Furthermore, it is uncertain when and whether we will be able to obtain permission or approval from the CSRC or the PRC government to offer securities to list on U.S. exchanges or the execution of a VIE Agreement in the future. However, our operations are conducted through the VIE in PRC, and our ability to pay dividends is primarily dependent on receiving distributions of funds from the VIE, if we do not obtain or maintain any of the permissions or approvals which may be required in the future by the PRC government for the operation of the VIE or the execution of VIE Agreements, our operations and financial conditions could be adversely effected, even significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer securities or dividends to investors and cause the value of our securities to significantly decline or become worthless.

Filed Jul 15, 2025.
Source: SEC EDGAR, the filing index for accession 0001520138-25-000211. Last ingested by Listed: Nov 12, 2026, 21:28 ET. No prices; not investment advice.