# Leonardo DRS, Inc.: Form 10-Q for the period ended Sep 30, 2024

- Company: [Leonardo DRS, Inc.](/companies/drs.md) (CIK 1833756)
- Form: 10-Q
- Filed: 2024-10-30
- Accepted by EDGAR: Oct 30, 2024, 16:07 ET
- Period: 2024-09-30
- Accession: 0001628280-24-044314
- Inline XBRL: yes
- Main document: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1833756/000162828024044314/drs-20240930.htm
- All documents and exhibits: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1833756/000162828024044314/

## Figures reported in this filing

Standardized XBRL line items for the period ended 2024-09-30.

| Line item | Period | Value | XBRL concept |
| --- | --- | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 3 months, 2024-07-01 to 2024-09-30 | $812.0m | us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax |
| Revenue | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | $2.25bn | us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax |
| Cost of revenue | 3 months, 2024-07-01 to 2024-09-30 | $633.0m | us-gaap:CostOfRevenue |
| Cost of revenue | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | $1.75bn | us-gaap:CostOfRevenue |
| Gross profit | 3 months, 2024-07-01 to 2024-09-30 | $179.0m | us-gaap:GrossProfit |
| Gross profit | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | $501.0m | us-gaap:GrossProfit |
| Operating income | 3 months, 2024-07-01 to 2024-09-30 | $75.0m | us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss |
| Operating income | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | $173.0m | us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss |
| Interest expense | 3 months, 2024-07-01 to 2024-09-30 | $5.0m | us-gaap:InterestExpenseNonoperating |
| Interest expense | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | $17.0m | us-gaap:InterestExpenseNonoperating |
| Income tax | 3 months, 2024-07-01 to 2024-09-30 | $12.0m | us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit |
| Income tax | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | $29.0m | us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit |
| Net income | 3 months, 2024-07-01 to 2024-09-30 | $57.0m | us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss |
| Net income | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | $124.0m | us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss |
| Diluted EPS | 3 months, 2024-07-01 to 2024-09-30 | $0.21 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted |
| Diluted EPS | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | $0.46 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted |
| Basic EPS | 3 months, 2024-07-01 to 2024-09-30 | $0.22 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic |
| Basic EPS | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | $0.47 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic |
| Diluted shares (weighted) | 3 months, 2024-07-01 to 2024-09-30 | 268,000,000 shares | us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding |
| Diluted shares (weighted) | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | 267,000,000 shares | us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding |
| Operating cash flow | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | −$172.0m | us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities |
| Capital expenditure | 9 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-09-30 | $56.0m | us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment |
| Cash and equivalents | at 2024-09-30 | $198.0m | us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue |
| Current assets | at 2024-09-30 | $1.86bn | us-gaap:AssetsCurrent |
| Total assets | at 2024-09-30 | $3.86bn | us-gaap:Assets |
| Current liabilities | at 2024-09-30 | $880.0m | us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent |
| Current portion of debt | at 2024-09-30 | $22.0m | us-gaap:DebtCurrent |
| Short-term borrowings | at 2024-09-30 | $1.0m | us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings |
| Shareholders' equity | at 2024-09-30 | $2.47bn | us-gaap:StockholdersEquity |

## Management's discussion and analysis

As filed, 61,469 characters.

*You should read this discussion together with our Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.*

*This discussion and other parts of this Quarterly Report include forward-looking statements such as those relating to our plans, objectives, expectations and beliefs, which involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties discussed under “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Information” in this Quarterly Report and under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.*

### Business Overview and Considerations

### General

DRS is an innovative and agile provider of advanced defense technology to U.S. national security customers and allies around the world. We specialize in the design, development and manufacture of advanced sensing, network computing, force protection, as well as electric power and propulsion. The strength of our market positioning in these technology areas have created a foundational and diverse base of programs across the U.S. Department of Defense (the “DoD”). We believe these technologies will not only support our customers in today’s mission but will also underpin their strategy to migrate towards more autonomous, dynamic, interconnected, and multi-domain capabilities needed to address evolving and emerging threats. We view more advanced capabilities in sensing, computing, self-protection and power as necessary to enable these strategic priorities.

Our overall strategy is to be a balanced and diversified company, less vulnerable to any one budgetary platform or service decision with a specific focus on establishing strong technical and market positions in areas of priority for the DoD. The DoD is our largest customer and, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, accounted for approximately 81% of our business as an end-user, with revenues principally derived directly or indirectly from contracts with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Army, which represented 37% and 32%, respectively, of our total revenues for such period, which is consistent with historic trends.

Our operations and reporting are structured into the following two technology driven segments based on the capabilities and solutions offered to our customers:

#### Advanced Sensing and Computing

Our Advanced Sensing and Computing (“ASC”) segment designs, develops and manufactures sensing and network computing technology that enables real-time situational awareness required for enhanced operational decision making and execution by our customers.

Our sensing capabilities span numerous applications, including missions requiring advanced passive and active detection, precision targeting and surveillance sensing, long range electro-optic/infrared (“EO/IR”), signals intelligence (“SIGINT”) and other intelligence systems, electronic warfare (“EW”), ground vehicle sensing, next generation active electronically scanned array tactical radars, dismounted soldier sensing and space sensing. Across our offerings, we are focused on advancing sensor distance and enhancing the precision, clarity, definition, spectral depth and effectiveness of our sensors. We also seek to leverage the knowledge and expertise built through our decades of experience to optimize size, weight, power and cost for our customers’ specific mission requirements.

Our sensing capabilities are complemented by our rugged, trusted and cyber resilient network computing products. Our network computing offerings are utilized across a broad range of mission applications including platform computing on ground and shipboard (both surface ship and submarine) for advanced battle management, combat systems, radar, command and control (“C2”), tactical networks, tactical computing and communications. These products help support the DoD’s need for greater situational understanding at the tactical edge by rapidly transmitting data securely between command centers and forward-positioned defense assets and personnel.

#### Integrated Mission Systems

Our Integrated Mission Systems (“IMS”) segment designs, develops, manufactures and integrates power conversion, control and distribution systems, ship propulsion systems, motors and variable frequency drives, force protection systems, and transportation and logistics systems for the U.S. military and allied defense customers.

DRS is a leading provider of next-generation electrical propulsion systems for the U.S. Navy. We provide power conversion, control, distribution and propulsion systems for the U.S. Navy’s top priority shipbuilding programs, including the Columbia Class ballistic missile submarine, the first modern U.S. electric drive submarine.

We believe DRS is well positioned to meet the needs of an increasingly electrified fleet with our high-efficiency, power dense permanent magnet motors, energy storage systems and associated efficient, rugged and compact power conversion, electrical actuation systems, and advanced cooling technologies.

DRS has a long history of providing a number of other critical products to the U.S. Navy with a significant installed base on submarines, aircraft carriers and other surface ships including motor controllers, instrumentation and control equipment, electrical actuation systems, and thermal management systems for electronics and ship stores refrigeration.

DRS is also an integrator of complex systems in ground vehicles for short-range air defense, counter-unmanned aerial systems (“C-UAS”), and vehicle survivability and protection. Our short-range air defense systems integrate EW equipment, reconnaissance and surveillance systems, modular combat vehicle turrets, and stabilized sensor suites, as well as kinetic countermeasures to protect against evolving threats. Our force protection systems, including solutions for C-UAS and active protection systems on army vehicles, help protect personnel and defense assets from enemy combatants.

### Focus on Customer and Execution

DRS and its employees focus on our end-customers – the men and women of the armed forces in the U.S. and its allies. We seek to provide high-quality equipment and services to support their mission success. We strive for excellence in everything we do, in every job in our Company, in order to satisfy our customers’ needs embedded in our contractual commitments. We seek to ensure that we learn from every lesson experienced in our Company and insist that these lessons affect all elements of our businesses. This approach permeates through the Company with a focus on continuous improvement at every level.

Part of this learning has resulted in institutionalizing our continuous improvement process through our Business Excellence initiative called the Always Performing for Excellence (“APEX”) program. The APEX program’s goal is to strive for continuous improvement through unification of all of our business practices, tools and metrics, ongoing employee training and innovation. We believe that excellence is not a destination, but by constantly challenging ourselves to be better, we will improve, and ultimately approach excellence. We challenge ourselves to exceed our customers’ expectations and we partner with them to work to ensure that our execution meets their needs.

Continuous improvement through the APEX program also allows us to improve our efficiency, which we believe contributes to increased margins, helps us to remain competitive and allows us to make strategic investments, all while maintaining our focus on customer satisfaction. In these elements, our goals are aligned with those of our customers. We are humbled by the dedication and sacrifice that our ultimate customers have made to serve and we work to perform for them with excellence in everything we do.

### Global Events and Business Impacts

### Global Conflicts

In February 2022, Russia escalated its war with Ukraine by invading and occupying parts of that country. Since that time, western powers, including the U.S., have pledged support with humanitarian and military aid. Some of that military aid pledged by the U.S. will result in increased efforts to replace equipment and consumables. We have received orders from the U.S. and allies to both provide equipment in support of this effort, and to replace equipment pledged.

The ongoing conflicts in Israel and the broader Middle East region have the potential to evolve quickly creating uncertainty, along with the potential for disruptions to our Israeli operations in the region, including, but not limited to, workforce calls for duty, transportation and other logistical impacts and reduced customer confidence. To date, the conflict has not had a material impact to our operations. The U.S. and other western powers have directed military and funding support to Israel. DRS has direct exposure to Israel principally through its RADA Technologies Ltd (“RADA”) operations with approximately 5% of our workforce as of September 30, 2024 residing in Israel.

### Business Environment

Revenues derived directly, as a prime contractor, or indirectly, as a subcontractor, from contracts with the U.S. government represented 81% and 80% of our total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our U.S. government sales are highly concentrated within our DoD customers, which made up the overwhelming majority of our U.S. government revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and are principally derived directly or indirectly from contracts with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Army, which represented 37% and 32%, respectively, of our total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Therefore, our revenue is highly correlated to changes in U.S. government spending levels, especially within the DoD.

The DoD budget is the largest defense budget in the world. In March 2024, the U.S. President’s fiscal year (“FY”) 2025 budget request was released and included $850 billion for national defense programs, which marks a 1% increase over prior year levels. In April 2024, Congress passed and the President signed into law a national security supplemental package that provides for $95 billion in foreign aid for Ukraine, Israel, and the Indo-Pacific, which also includes over $3 billion of funding to support the submarine industrial base.

To prevent a government shutdown at the end of FY 2024, Congress passed a Continuing Resolution (“CR”) at the end of September, and the President signed the legislation into law on September 26, 2024. The extension is effective through December 20, 2024, allowing lawmakers more time to potentially complete the FY 2025 appropriations bills. In the event of a U.S. government shutdown or an extended period of CR, our business, program performance and results of operations could be impacted by the resulting disruptions to federal government offices, workers, and operations, including, but not limited to, program cancellations, schedule delays, production halts and other disruptions and nonpayment, which could adversely affect our results of operations. The significance of these impacts will primarily be based on the length of the CR or shutdown.

### Operating Performance Assessment and Reporting

For the majority of our contracts, revenues are recognized using the over time, percentage of completion cost-to-cost method of accounting, with revenue recognized based on the ratio of cumulative costs incurred to date to estimated total contract costs at completion. For contracts accounted for in this way, our reported revenues may contain amounts which we have not billed to customers if we have incurred costs, and recognized related profits, in excess of billed progress or performance-based payments.

Under U.S. GAAP, contract costs, including allowable general and administrative expenses on certain government contracts, are charged to work in progress inventory and are written off to costs and expenses as revenues are recognized. The Federal Acquisition Regulation (“FAR”) and the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (“DFARS”), incorporated by reference in U.S. government contracts, provide that internal research and development costs are allowable general and administrative expenses. Unallowable costs, pursuant to the FAR, are excluded from costs accumulated on U.S. government contracts.

Our defense contracts and subcontracts that require the submission of cost or pricing data are subject to audit, various profit and cost controls, and standard provisions for termination at the convenience of the customer. The Defense Contract Audit Agency (“DCAA”) performs these audits on behalf of the U.S. government. The DCAA has the right to perform audits on our incurred costs on cost-type or price redeterminable-type contracts on a yearly basis. Approval of an incurred cost submission can take from one to three years from the date of the submission of the contract cost.

U.S. government contracts are, by their terms, subject to termination by the U.S. government for either convenience or default by the contractor. Fixed-price contracts provide for payment upon termination for items delivered to and accepted by the U.S. government and, if the termination is for convenience, for payment of fair compensation of work performed plus the costs of settling and paying claims by terminated subcontractors, other settlement expenses and a reasonable profit on the costs incurred. Cost-plus contracts provide that, upon termination, the contractor is entitled to reimbursement of its allowable costs and, if the termination is for convenience, a total fee proportionate to the percentage of the work completed under the contract. If a contract termination is for default, however, the contractor is paid an amount agreed upon for completed and partially completed products and services accepted by the U.S. government. In these circumstances, the U.S. government is not liable for excess costs incurred by us in procuring undelivered items from another source.

In addition to the right of the U.S. government to terminate U.S. government contracts, such contracts are conditioned upon the continuing availability of Congressional appropriations. Congress usually appropriates funds for a given program on a September 30 fiscal year basis, even though contract performance may take many years. Consequently, at the outset of a major program, the contract is typically only partially funded, and additional funds normally are committed to the contract by the procuring agency only as appropriations are made by Congress for future fiscal years.

### Components of Operations

### Revenue

Revenue consists primarily of product related revenue, which represented 94% of our total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Our remaining revenue was generated from service related contracts. Additionally, 83% of our revenue was derived from firm-fixed price contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. This was consistent with the prior year comparable period which realized product related revenue of 93% and revenue from firm-fixed price contracts of 84% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Under flexibly priced contracts, we are reimbursed for allowable or otherwise defined total costs (defined as cost of revenues plus allowable general and administrative expenses) incurred, plus a fee. The contracts may also include incentives for various performance criteria, including quality, timeliness, cost-effectiveness or other factors. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, flexibly priced contracts represented 17% and 16% of our total revenues, respectively.

Refer to *Note 2: Revenue from Contracts with Customers* to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

### Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues includes materials, labor and overhead costs incurred in the manufacturing, design, and provision of products and services sold in the period as well as warranty costs. Material costs include raw materials, purchased components and sub-assemblies and outside processing and inbound freight. Labor and overhead costs consist of direct and indirect manufacturing costs, including wages and fringe benefits, operating supplies, depreciation and amortization, occupancy costs, and purchasing, receiving, inspection costs and inbound freight costs.

### General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses include general and administrative expenses not included within cost of revenues such as salaries, wages and fringe benefits, facility costs and other costs related to these indirect functions. Additionally, general and administrative expenses include internal research and development costs as well as expenditures related to bid and proposal efforts.

### Results of Operations

The following discussion of operating results is intended to help the reader understand the results of operations and financial condition of the Company, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Given the nature of our business, we believe revenue and operating earnings are most relevant to an understanding of our performance at an enterprise and segment level. Our operating cycle is longer term in nature and involves various types of production contracts and varying delivery schedules. Accordingly, operating results in a particular period may not be indicative of future operating results.

*(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)*

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 | Change $% |  |  |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- | ---: |
| Total revenues | $812 | $703 | $109 |  | 15.5% |
| Total cost of revenues | (633) | (541) | (92) |  | 17.0% |
| Gross profit | $179 | $162 | $17 |  | 10.5% |
| Gross margin | 22.0% | 23.0% | (100) | bps |  |
| General and administrative expenses | (98) | (96) | (2) |  | 2.1% |
| Amortization of intangibles | (6) | (5) | (1) |  | 20.0% |
| Other operating expenses, net | — | (2) | 2 |  | (100.0)% |
| Operating earnings | $75 | $59 | $16 |  | 27.1% |
| Interest expense | (5) | (10) | 5 |  | (50.0)% |
| Other, net | (1) | (1) | — |  | —% |
| Earnings before taxes | $69 | $48 | $21 |  | 43.8% |
| Income tax provision | 12 | 1 | 11 |  | 1100.0% |
| Net earnings | $57 | $47 | $10 |  | 21.3% |
| Basic EPS | $0.22 | $0.18 | $0.04 |  | 22.2% |
| Diluted EPS | $0.21 | $0.18 | $0.03 |  | 16.7% |
| Backlog | $8,264 | $4,719 | $3,545 |  | 75.1% |
| Bookings | $1,051 | $1,055 | $(4) |  | (0.4)% |

*(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)*

|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 | Change $% |  |  |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- | ---: |
| Total revenues | $2,253 | $1,900 | $353 |  | 18.6% |
| Total cost of revenues | (1,752) | (1,462) | (290) |  | 19.8% |
| Gross profit | $501 | $438 | $63 |  | 14.4% |
| Gross margin | 22.2% | 23.1% | (90) | bps |  |
| General and administrative expenses | (306) | (286) | (20) |  | 7.0% |
| Amortization of intangibles | (17) | (16) | (1) |  | 6.3% |
| Other operating expenses, net | (5) | (10) | 5 |  | (50.0)% |
| Operating earnings | $173 | $126 | $47 |  | 37.3% |
| Interest expense | (17) | (27) | 10 |  | (37.0)% |
| Other, net | (3) | (2) | (1) |  | 50.0% |
| Earnings before taxes | $153 | $97 | $56 |  | 57.7% |
| Income tax provision | 29 | 3 | 26 |  | 866.7% |
| Net earnings | $124 | $94 | $30 |  | 31.9% |
| Basic EPS | $0.47 | $0.36 | $0.11 |  | 30.6% |
| Diluted EPS | $0.46 | $0.36 | $0.10 |  | 27.8% |
| Backlog | $8,264 | $4,719 | $3,545 |  | 75.1% |
| Bookings | $2,807 | $2,502 | $305 |  | 12.2% |

### Revenue

Our revenue generation of $812 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 represents an increase of $109 million, or 15.5%, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The revenue increase is primarily attributed to our continued backlog growth across each of our operating segments. This is highlighted by our efforts within advanced sensing, force protection and weapon system support activities.

Our revenue generation of $2,253 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 represents an increase of $353 million, or 18.6%, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The revenue increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is consistent with the three months ended September 30, 2024, driven by our continued backlog growth across each of our operating segments, highlighted by our efforts in each of our key market areas including advanced sensing, electric power and propulsion, force protection and network computing.

### Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues increased by $92 million, or 17.0%, from $541 million to $633 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The cost of revenues increase was primarily due to the increased revenue contribution realized during the period.

Cost of revenues increased by $290 million, or 19.8%, from $1,462 million to $1,752 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The cost of revenues increase was primarily due to the increased revenue contribution realized during the period.

### Gross Profit

Gross profit increased by $17 million, or 10.5%, to $179 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $162 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and gross profit increased by $63 million, or 14.4%, to $501 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to $438 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, resulting from the revenue and cost of revenues trends noted above.

### General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses increased by $2 million, or 2.1%, for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. G&A increased by $20 million, or 7.0%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to the reversal of a legal liability accrual during the prior year period.

### Amortization of Intangibles

Amortization of intangibles increased $1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

### Other Operating Expenses, Net

There were no other operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Other operating expenses were $5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to $10 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The expense in both periods is attributed to restructuring efforts implemented in our ASC segment.

### Operating Earnings

Operating earnings increased by $16 million to $75 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Operating earnings increased by $47 million to $173 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was driven by the gross profit impacts noted above.

### Interest Expense

Interest expense decreased by $5 million to $5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $10 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Interest expense decreased by $10 million to $17 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to $27 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The reduction in interest expense is attributed to reduced borrowings on our credit facilities during the current year periods.

### Other, Net

Other, net remained relatively consistent for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

### Earnings Before Taxes

Earnings before taxes increased by $21 million to $69 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 from $48 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and increased by $56 million to $153 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $97 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. This was primarily due to the increases in operating earnings and decreased interest expense as noted above.

### Income Tax Provision

Income tax provision increased by $11 million to $12 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, from $1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Income tax provision increased by $26 million to $29 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, from $3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. This increase was attributed to an increase in earnings before taxes noted above, coupled with the recognition of a discrete tax benefit associated with historic research and development credits recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Our effective tax rate was 17.4% and 19.0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to 2.1% and 3.1% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

### Net Earnings

Net earnings increased by $10 million to $57 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, when compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. Net earnings increased by $30 million to $124 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, when compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. This was driven by an increase in earnings before taxes offset by the income tax provision increase as noted above.

### Backlog

We define Backlog to include the following components:

(1) Funded - Funded backlog represents the revenue value of orders for services under existing contracts for which funding is appropriated or otherwise authorized less revenue previously recognized on these contracts.

(2) Unfunded - Unfunded backlog represents the revenue value of firm orders for products and services under existing contracts for which funding has not yet been appropriated less funding previously recognized on these contracts.

The following table summarizes the value of our total backlog as of September 30, 2024, incorporating both funded and unfunded components:

*(Dollars in millions)*

|  | September 30, 2024 |
| --- | ---: |
| Funded | $3,899 |
| Unfunded | 4,365 |
| **Total backlog** | $8,264 |

Total backlog increased by $3,545 million to $8,264 million as of September 30, 2024, from $4,719 million as of September 30, 2023. The backlog increase was driven primarily by the receipt of a multi-boat contract to support the electric propulsion efforts on the Columbia Class submarine program with the U.S. Navy.

### Bookings

We define bookings as the total value of contract awards received from the U.S. government for which it has appropriated funds and legally obligated such funds to the Company through a contract or purchase order, plus the value of contract awards and orders received from customers other than the U.S. government.

Bookings for the three months ended September 30, 2024 decreased to $1,051 million as compared to $1,055 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Bookings for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased to $2,807 million as compared to $2,502 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

### Key Non-GAAP Operating Measures

### Overview

We measure our business using both key financial and operating data including key performance indicators (“KPIs”) and non-GAAP financial measures. In addition to the operational analysis detailed above, we also use the following non-GAAP metrics to manage our business, monitor results of operations and ensure proper allocation of capital: (i) adjusted EBITDA, (ii) adjusted EBITDA margin, (iii) adjusted diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) and (iv) free cash flow. We believe that these financial performance metrics represent the primary drivers of value enhancement, balancing both short and long-term indicators of increased shareholder value. These are the metrics we use to measure our results and evaluate our business and related contract performance.

*(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)*

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Adjusted EBITDA(1) | $100 | $82 | $252 | $193 |
| Adjusted EBITDA margin(1) | 12.3% | 11.7% | 11.2% | 10.2% |
| Adjusted diluted EPS(1) | $0.24 | $0.20 | $0.56 | $0.42 |
| Free cash flow(1) |  |  | $(226) | $(335) |

(1) Note on non-GAAP financial measures: Throughout the discussion of our results of operations we use non-GAAP financial measures including adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, adjusted diluted EPS and free cash flow, as measures of our overall performance. Definitions and reconciliations of these measures to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP are included below.

### Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We believe the non-GAAP financial measures presented in this document will help investors understand our financial condition and operating results and assess our future prospects. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures, each of which is discussed in greater detail below, are important supplemental measures because they exclude unusual or non-recurring items as well as non-cash items that are unrelated to or may not be indicative of our ongoing operating results. Further, when read in conjunction with our U.S. GAAP results, these non-GAAP financial measures provide a baseline for analyzing trends in our underlying businesses and can be used by management as a tool to help make financial, operational and planning decisions. Finally, these measures are often used by analysts and other interested parties to evaluate companies in our industry by providing more comparable measures that are less affected by factors such as capital structure.

We recognize that these non-GAAP financial measures have limitations, including that they may be calculated differently by other companies or may be used under different circumstances or for different purposes, thereby affecting their comparability from company to company. In order to compensate for these and the other limitations discussed below, management does not consider these measures in isolation from or as alternatives to the comparable financial measures determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Readers should review the reconciliations below and should not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business.

We define these non-GAAP financial measures as:

### Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin

We define adjusted EBITDA as our net earnings before income taxes, amortization of acquired intangible assets, depreciation, restructuring costs, interest, deal-related transaction costs, other non-operating expenses such as foreign exchange, non-service pension expenditures, legal liability accrual reversals, and other one-time non-operational events as well as gains (losses) on business disposals. Adjusted EBITDA margin is calculated by dividing adjusted EBITDA by revenue. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin are not measures calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and they should not be considered an alternative to any financial measures that were calculated under U.S. GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin are used to facilitate a comparison of the ordinary, ongoing and customary course of our operations on a consistent basis from period to period and provide an additional understanding of factors and trends affecting our business. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin are driven by changes in volume, performance, contract mix and general and administrative expenses and investment levels. Performance, as used in this definition, refers to changes in profitability and is primarily based on adjustments to estimates at completion on individual contracts. These adjustments result from increases or decreases to the estimated value of the contract, the estimated costs to complete the contract, or both. These measures therefore assist management and our Board of Directors and may be useful to investors in comparing our operating performance consistently over time as they remove the impact of our capital structure, asset base and items outside the control of the management team and expenses that do not relate to our core operations. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin may not be comparable to similarly titled non-GAAP measures used by other companies as other companies may have calculated the measures differently. The reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to net earnings is provided below.

#### Consolidated Entity Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA:

*(Dollars in millions)*

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net earnings | $57 | $47 | $124 | $94 |
| Income tax provision | 12 | 1 | 29 | 3 |
| Amortization of intangibles | 6 | 5 | 17 | 16 |
| Depreciation | 17 | 16 | 51 | 47 |
| Restructuring costs | — | 2 | 5 | 10 |
| Interest expense | 5 | 10 | 17 | 27 |
| Deal-related transaction costs | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 |
| Other one-time non-operational events | 2 | — | 4 | (8) |
| Adjusted EBITDA | $100 | $82 | $252 | $193 |
| Adjusted EBITDA margin | 12.3% | 11.7% | 11.2% | 10.2% |

Adjusted EBITDA increased by $18 million, or 22.0%, to $100 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase in adjusted EBITDA for the quarter is primarily attributed to increased revenue volume and related gross profit contribution. This increase realized better absorption of our G&A expenditures driving an increase in adjusted EBITDA. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, adjusted EBITDA increased by $59 million, or 30.6%, to $252 million from $193 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Adjusted EBITDA margin was 12.3% and 11.2% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and 11.7% and 10.2% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. The increase for the quarter was primarily due to operational leverage realized on the 15.5% increase in revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023.

### Adjusted Diluted EPS

We calculate adjusted diluted EPS by dividing adjusted net earnings by diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding. We define adjusted net earnings as our net earnings excluding deal-related transaction costs, amortization of acquired intangible assets, restructuring costs, other non-operating expenses such as foreign exchange, non-service pension expenditures, legal liability accrual reversals, and other one-time non-operational events offset by the tax effect of such adjustments, as well as gains (losses) on business disposals (net of tax). We believe that adjusted diluted EPS allows management and investors to effectively compare our core performance from period to period by excluding items that are not indicative of, or are unrelated to, results from our ongoing business. Adjusted diluted EPS has limitations as an analytical tool and does not represent and should not be considered an alternative to basic or diluted EPS as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The reconciliation of adjusted diluted EPS to U.S. GAAP diluted EPS is shown below.

#### Consolidated Entity Reconciliation of Adjusted Diluted EPS:

*(In millions, except per share amounts)*

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net earnings | $57 | $47 | $124 | $94 |
| Deal-related transaction costs | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 |
| Amortization of intangibles | 6 | 5 | 17 | 16 |
| Restructuring costs | — | 2 | 5 | 10 |
| Other one-time non-operational events | 2 | — | 4 | (8) |
| Tax effect of adjustments | (2) | (2) | (6) | (5) |
| Adjusted net earnings | $64 | $53 | $149 | $111 |
| Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding | 268 | 265 | 267 | 264 |
| Diluted EPS | $0.21 | $0.18 | $0.46 | $0.36 |
| Adjusted diluted EPS | $0.24 | $0.20 | $0.56 | $0.42 |

Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was 268 million and 267 million, respectively, an increase of 3 million and 3 million shares as compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. The increased share count is attributed to stock option exercises and equity vesting. Adjusted diluted EPS of $0.24 and $0.56 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased $0.04 and $0.14, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior year. The increase is a product of the increased adjusted net earnings as shown in the table above, partially offset by the increased share count.

### Free Cash Flow

We define free cash flow as the sum of the cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities, the cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities pertaining to capital expenditures, proceeds generated from the sale of capital assets and dividends received from investments, less transaction-related expenditures (net of tax) and tax payments on disposals.

We believe that free cash flow provides management and investors with an important measure of our ability to generate cash on a normalized basis. Free cash flow also provides insight into our flexibility to allocate capital and pursue opportunities that may enhance stockholder value. We believe that while expenditures and dispositions of property, plant and equipment will fluctuate period to period, we seek to ensure that we have adequate capital on hand to maintain ongoing operations and enable growth of the business. Additionally, free cash flow is of limited usefulness, in that it does not represent residual cash flows available for discretionary expenditures, due to the fact the measures do not deduct the payments required for debt service and other contractual obligations or payments. The reconciliation between free cash flow and net cash provided by (used in) operating activities is shown below.

#### Consolidated Entity Reconciliation of Free Cash Flow:

*(Dollars in millions)*

|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Net cash used in operating activities | $(172) | $(310) |
| Transaction-related expenditures, net of tax | 1 | 17 |
| Capital expenditures | (56) | (42) |
| Proceeds from sales of assets | 1 | — |
| Free cash flow | $(226) | $(335) |

Free cash flow usage decreased by $109 million to $226 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $335 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. This was primarily due to lower cash used to fund working capital for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 when compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

### Factors Impacting Our Performance

### U.S. Government Spending and Federal Budget Uncertainty

Changes in the volume and relative mix of U.S. government spending as well as areas of spending growth could impact our business and results of operations. In particular, our results can be affected by shifts in strategies and priorities on homeland security, intelligence, defense-related programs, infrastructure and urbanization and continued increased spending on technology and innovation, including cybersecurity with respect to our and third parties’ information networks and related systems, artificial intelligence, connected communities and physical infrastructure (for example, the potential impacts for the Russia / Ukraine conflict and the Israel-Hamas war). Cost-cutting and efficiency initiatives, current and future budget restrictions, spending cuts and other efforts to reduce government spending and shifts in overall priorities could cause our government customers to reduce or delay funding or invest appropriated funds on a less consistent basis or not at all, and demand for our solutions or services could diminish. Furthermore, any disruption in the functioning of government agencies, including as a result of government closures and shutdowns, could have a negative impact on our operations and cause us to lose revenue or incur additional costs due to, among other things, our inability to maintain access and schedules for government testing or deploy our staff to customer locations or facilities as a result of such disruptions.

There is also uncertainty around the timing, extent, nature and effect of Congressional and other U.S. government actions to address budgetary constraints, caps on the discretionary budget for defense and non-defense departments and agencies, and the ability of Congress to determine how to allocate the available budget authority and pass appropriations bills to fund both U.S. government departments and agencies that are, and those that are not, subject to the caps. Additionally, budget deficits and the growing U.S. national debt, may increase pressure on the U.S. government to reduce federal spending across all federal agencies, with uncertainty about the size and timing of those reductions. Furthermore, delays in the completion of future U.S. government budgets could in the future delay procurement of the federal government services we provide. A reduction in the amount of, or reductions, delays, or cancellations of funding for, services that we are contracted to provide to the U.S. government as a result of any of these impacts or related initiatives, legislation or otherwise could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. See Part I, Item 1A, “*Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—Significant delays or reductions in appropriations for our programs and changes in U.S. government priorities and spending levels more broadly may negatively impact our business and could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations”* and Part II, Item 7, “*Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Business Overview and Considerations—Business Environment”* in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and Part I, Item 2, “*Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Business Overview and Considerations—Business*

*Environment”* in this Quarterly Report for further details on U.S. government spending’s impact on our business.

### Operational Performance on Contracts

The Company recognizes revenue for each separately identifiable performance obligation in a contract representing an obligation to transfer a distinct good or service to a customer. In most cases, goods and services provided under the Company’s contracts are accounted for as single performance obligations due to the complex and integrated nature of our products and services. These contracts generally require significant integration of a group of goods and/or services to deliver a combined output. In some contracts, the Company provides multiple distinct goods or services to a customer. In those cases, the Company accounts for the distinct contract deliverables as separate performance obligations and allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price, which is generally estimated using cost plus a reasonable margin. We classify revenues as products or services on our Consolidated Statements of Earnings based on the predominant attributes of the performance obligations. While the Company provides warranties on certain contracts, we typically do not provide for services beyond standard assurances and therefore do not consider warranties to be separate performance obligations. Typically, we enter into three types of contracts: fixed-price contracts, cost-plus contracts and time-and-material (“T&M”) contracts. The majority of our total revenues are derived from fixed-price contracts; refer to the revenue disaggregation disclosures in *Note 2: Revenue from Contracts with Customers* to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

For fixed-price contracts, customers agree to pay a fixed amount, negotiated in advance for a specified scope of work.

For cost-plus contracts, typically we are reimbursed for allowable or otherwise defined total costs (defined as cost of revenues plus allowable general and administrative expenses) incurred, plus a fee. The contracts may also include incentives for various performance criteria, including quality, timeliness and cost-effectiveness. In addition, costs are generally subject to review by clients and regulatory audit agencies, and such reviews could result in costs being disputed as non-reimbursable under the terms of the contract.

T&M contracts provide for reimbursement of labor hours expended at a contractual fixed labor rate per hour, plus the actual costs of material and other direct non-labor costs. The fixed labor rates on T&M contracts include amounts for the cost of direct labor, indirect contract costs and profit.

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized when the performance obligations are satisfied through the transfer of control over the good or service to the customer, which may occur either over time or at a point in time.

Revenues for the majority of our contracts are measured using the over time, percentage of completion cost-to-cost method of accounting to calculate percentage of completion. We believe this is an appropriate measure of progress toward satisfaction of performance obligations as this measure most accurately depicts the progress of our work and transfer of control to our customers. Due to the long-term nature of many of our contracts, developing the estimated total cost at completion often requires judgment. Factors that must be considered in estimating the cost of the work to be completed include the nature and complexity of the work to be performed, subcontractor performance and the risk and impact of delayed performance.

After establishing the estimated total cost at completion, we follow a standard Estimate at Completion (“EAC”) process in which we review the progress and performance on our ongoing contracts. The following represents the net impact that changes in our estimates, particularly those regarding our fixed- price development programs, have had on our revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively:

*(Dollars in millions)*

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | $(10) | $6 | $(29) | $(14) |
| Total % of revenue | 1% | 1% | 1% | 1% |

Additionally, the timing of our cash flows is impacted by the timing of achievement of billable milestones on contracts. Historically, this has resulted and could continue to result in fluctuations in working capital levels and quarterly free cash flow results. As a result of such quarterly fluctuations in free cash flow results, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our results of operations may not necessarily be meaningful and should not be relied upon as indicators of future performance.

### Regulations

Increased audit, review, investigation and general scrutiny by U.S. government agencies of performance under government contracts and compliance with the terms of those contracts and applicable laws could affect our operating results. Negative publicity and increased scrutiny of government contractors in general, including us, relating to government expenditures for contractor services and incidents involving the mishandling of sensitive or classified information as well as the increasingly complex requirements of the DoD and the U.S. intelligence community, including those related to cybersecurity, could impact our ability to perform in the markets we serve.

### International Sales

International revenue, including foreign military sales, foreign military financing, and direct commercial sales, accounted for approximately 13% and 9% of our revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase is due in part to incremental demand resulting from higher defense spending within Eastern Europe, compounded by continued military aid programs in support of Ukraine in its conflict with Russia. These efforts are highlighted by demand for our battle management, tactical radars and C-UAS products. Since our focus is primarily with the DoD and our investments are focused as such, we anticipate that international sales will continue to account for a similar percentage of revenue in the future. We remain subject to the spending levels, pace and priorities of the U.S. government as well as international governments and commercial customers, and to general economic conditions that could adversely affect us, our customers and our suppliers.

Additionally, some international sales may expose us to foreign exchange fluctuations and changing dynamics of foreign competitiveness based on variations in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies. The impact of those fluctuations is reflected throughout our Consolidated Financial Statements, but in the aggregate, did not have a material impact on our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

### Acquisitions

We consider the acquisition of businesses and investments that we believe will expand or complement our current portfolio and allow access to new customers or technologies. We also may explore the divestiture of businesses that no longer meet our needs or strategy or that could perform better outside of our organization.

### Review of Operating Segments

The following is a discussion of operating results for each of our operating segments. We have elected to use revenue, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, and bookings to provide detailed information on our segment performance. Additional information regarding our segments can be found in *Note 15: Segment Information* to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

*(Dollars in millions)*

| Revenues: | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 | Change $% |  |  |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- | ---: |
| ASC | $533 | $431 | $102 |  | 23.7% |
| IMS | 285 | 277 | 8 |  | 2.9% |
| Corporate & Eliminations | (6) | (5) | (1) |  | 20.0% |
| Total revenues | $812 | $703 | $109 |  | 15.5% |
| **Adjusted EBITDA:** |  |  |  |  |  |
| ASC | $64 | $48 | $16 |  | 33.3% |
| IMS | 36 | 34 | 2 |  | 5.9% |
| Corporate & Eliminations | — | — | — |  | NM |
| Total adjusted EBITDA | $100 | $82 | $18 |  | 22.0% |
| **Adjusted EBITDA Margin:** |  |  |  |  |  |
| ASC | 12.0% | 11.1% | 90 | bps |  |
| IMS | 12.6% | 12.3% | 30 | bps |  |
| **Bookings:** |  |  |  |  |  |
| ASC | $685 | $820 | $(135) |  | (16.5)% |
| IMS | 366 | 235 | 131 |  | 55.7% |
| Total bookings | $1,051 | $1,055 | $(4) |  | (0.4)% |

NM- percentage change not meaningful

*(Dollars in millions)*

| Revenues: | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 | Change $% |  |  |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- | ---: |
| ASC | $1,458 | $1,226 | $232 |  | 18.9% |
| IMS | 812 | 692 | 120 |  | 17.3% |
| Corporate & Eliminations | (17) | (18) | 1 |  | (5.6)% |
| Total revenues | $2,253 | $1,900 | $353 |  | 18.6% |
| **Adjusted EBITDA:** |  |  |  |  |  |
| ASC | $160 | $121 | $39 |  | 32.2% |
| IMS | 92 | 72 | 20 |  | 27.8% |
| Corporate & Eliminations | — | — | — |  | NM |
| Total adjusted EBITDA | $252 | $193 | $59 |  | 30.6% |
| **Adjusted EBITDA Margin:** |  |  |  |  |  |
| ASC | 11.0% | 9.9% | 110 | bps |  |
| IMS | 11.3% | 10.4% | 90 | bps |  |
| **Bookings:** |  |  |  |  |  |
| ASC | $1,888 | $1,693 | $195 |  | 11.5% |
| IMS | 919 | 809 | 110 |  | 13.6% |
| Total bookings | $2,807 | $2,502 | $305 |  | 12.2% |

NM- percentage change not meaningful

### ASC

#### Revenue:

The ASC segment reported revenue of $533 million and $1,458 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, an increase of 23.7%, or $102 million, from the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 18.9%, or $232 million, from the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The revenue increase is attributed to both our advanced sensing and force protection programs. Within our advanced sensing portfolio, revenue growth is highlighted by our ground vehicle and dismounted soldier sensing programs while our force protection programs were enhanced by our tactical radar portfolio. This was offset in part by a reduction in airborne sensing revenue realized in the period.

#### Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin:

ASC’s adjusted EBITDA increased by $16 million, or 33.3%, from $48 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 to $64 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was driven by increased revenue contribution offset slightly by an increase in G&A expenditures. This drove adjusted EBITDA margin up 90 bps to 12.0% compared to the 11.1% realized during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, adjusted EBITDA increased by $39 million, or 32.2%, from $121 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 to $160 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase was driven by increased revenue contribution offset slightly by an increase in G&A expenditures. This drove adjusted EBITDA margin up 110 bps to 11.0% compared to the 9.9% realized during the nine month period ended September 30, 2023.

#### Bookings:

The ASC segment generated a $135 million, or 16.5%, decrease in bookings for the three months ended September 30, 2024 when compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in new awards is largely attributed to accelerated awards realized during the year, which pulled our new awards to earlier in the year. The decline in the current quarter is also attributed to our dismounted soldier sensing programs which received incremental funding in the third quarter of 2023 compared to the award receipt in the second quarter of 2024. Bookings continue to exceed the revenue output driving an increase in backlog over the period.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 bookings increased $195 million, or 11.5%, from the nine months ended September 30, 2023, to $1,888 million.

### IMS

#### Revenue:

IMS segment revenue increased by $8 million, or 2.9%, to $285 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 from $277 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, which is attributed to increased contribution from our short-range air defense force protection programs. This was offset in part by a reduction in surface ship power program revenue realized during the period.

IMS segment revenue increased by $120 million, or 17.3%, to $812 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $692 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, which is attributed to continued progress in our naval power and propulsion submarine programs as we execute our existing backlog, highlighted by the Columbia Class efforts.

#### Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin:

IMS’s adjusted EBITDA increased by $2 million, or 5.9%, to $36 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 from $34 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase for the quarter is attributed to operational leverage created by the increased revenue output as well as continued program improvement on our Columbia Class submarine program. As a result of the Columbia Class performance, adjusted EBITDA margin increased 30 bps to 12.6% compared to the 12.3% realized during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, adjusted EBITDA increased by $20 million, or 27.8%, to $92 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $72 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The increase for the period is attributed to operational leverage created by the increased revenue output as well as continued program improvement on our Columbia Class submarine program, offset in part by the program delays on our foreign surveillance program, resulting in adjusted EBITDA margin up 90 bps to 11.3% compared to the 10.4% realized during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

#### Bookings:

Booking contributions increased by $131 million, or 55.7%, to $366 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 from $235 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The increase for the quarter is largely attributed to new awards realized on our Columbia Class electric power and propulsion and short-range air defense programs.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 bookings increased by $110 million, or 13.6%, from the nine months ended September 30, 2023 to $919 million. The increase for the nine months ended is largely attributed to the receipt of short-range air defense program awards offset in part by accelerated receipt of Columbia Class funding in the prior year.

### Liquidity and Capital Resources

We endeavor to ensure the most efficient conversion of operating income into cash for deployment in our business and to maximize stockholder value through cash deployment activities. In addition to our cash position, we use various financial measures to assist in capital deployment decision-making, including cash provided by (used in) operating activities and free cash flow, a non-GAAP measure described in more detail below. We believe that the combination of our existing cash, access to credit facilities as described in *Note 10: Debt* to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and future cash that we expect to generate from our operations will be sufficient to meet our short and long-term liquidity needs. There can be no assurance, however, that our business will continue to generate cash flow at current levels or that anticipated operational improvements will be achieved. We may also pursue acquisitions or other strategic priorities that will require additional liquidity beyond the liquidity we generate through our operations. Our cash balance as of September 30, 2024, was $198 million compared to $467 million as of December 31, 2023.

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods presented:

*(Dollars in millions)*

|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | 2023 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Net cash used in operating activities | $(172) | $(310) |
| Net cash used in investing activities | (55) | (42) |
| Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (42) | 93 |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | — | — |
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | $(269) | $(259) |
| Free cash flow(1) | $(226) | $(335) |

(1) Free cash flow is a non-GAAP measure. The reasons we use this non-GAAP financial measure and its reconciliation to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure is provided above under “—*Key Non-GAAP Operating Measures.”*

### Operating Activities

Cash usage related to operating activities decreased by $138 million from $310 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 to $172 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. This was primarily due to lower cash used to fund working capital for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 when compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in cash used to fund working capital for the period was caused by a reduction of investments made in contract assets during the period.

### Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities increased by $13 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 when compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily due to higher capital expenditures attributed to our naval expansion project in South Carolina.

### Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $42 million compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $93 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The change was primarily due to the reduction of revolver borrowing, reducing the outstanding balance from $110 million at September 30, 2023 compared to no outstanding revolver balance at September 30, 2024. Additionally, we realized a higher net decrease in third party borrowings (maturities of 90 days or less) in the current period when compared to the same period in the prior year.

### Free Cash Flow (non-GAAP)

Free cash flow usage decreased by $109 million to $226 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 from $335 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. This was primarily due to lower cash used in operating activities noted above for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 when compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

### Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates from those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

## Market risk

As filed, 2,221 characters.

### Equity Risk

We currently have limited risk related to fluctuations in marketable securities. Outside of pension assets, the only investments the Company holds are overnight money market accounts. Fluctuations are unlikely and would have limited impact on the financial statements of the Company.

### Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to interest rate risk on variable-rate borrowings under our 2022 Term Loan A, which had an outstanding balance of $205 million, and our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility, which had no amounts outstanding, as of September 30, 2024. A 0.5% increase or decrease in our weighted average interest rate on our variable debt outstanding as of September 30, 2024 would result in an increase or decrease in our annual interest expense of approximately $1 million. The carrying value of the Company’s borrowings under the 2022 Credit Agreement approximate their fair values at September 30, 2024. See *Note 10: Debt* to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

### Foreign Currency Risk

In certain circumstances, we may be exposed to foreign currency risk. However, as the overwhelming majority of our revenue is derived from U.S. sources directly as a prime contractor or indirectly as a subcontractor for the U.S. government as end-customer, we have limited foreign currency exposure. Currently, our exposure is primarily with the Canadian dollar and limited to receivables owed of $29 million as of September 30, 2024. A 10% fluctuation in exchange rates would not have a material impact on our financial statements. We do not enter into or issue derivative instruments for trading purposes.

### Inflation Risk

We have experienced inflationary pressures to our supply chain costs, including those associated with micro-electronics, commodities (e.g., metals), and others. These costs have impacted our profitability. Bids for longer-term firm-fixed price contracts typically include assumptions for labor and other cost escalations in amounts that have been sufficient to cover cost increases over the period of performance. However, these costs could rise further and may not be mitigated. As a result, they could affect our financial results negatively in the future.

## Controls and procedures

As filed, 1,527 characters.

### Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer has concluded that during the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

### Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024 covered by this Quarterly Report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

## Risk factors

As filed, 220 characters.

As of the date of this Quarterly Report, there have been no material changes to the risk factors discussed under “*Risk Factors”* in Part 1, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Filed Oct 30, 2024.
Source: SEC EDGAR, the filing index for accession 0001628280-24-044314. Last ingested by Listed: Oct 29, 2026, 17:20 ET. No prices; not investment advice.