# GoPro, Inc.: Form 10-K for the period ended Dec 31, 2024

- Company: [GoPro, Inc.](/companies/gpro.md) (CIK 1500435)
- Form: 10-K
- Filed: 2025-03-17
- Accepted by EDGAR: Mar 17, 2025, 14:51 ET
- Period: 2024-12-31
- Accession: 0001628280-25-013046
- Inline XBRL: yes
- Main document: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1500435/000162828025013046/gpro-20241231.htm
- All documents and exhibits: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1500435/000162828025013046/

## Figures reported in this filing

Standardized XBRL line items for the period ended 2024-12-31.

| Line item | Period | Value | XBRL concept |
| --- | --- | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $801.5m | us-gaap:Revenues |
| Cost of revenue | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $530.2m | us-gaap:CostOfRevenue |
| Gross profit | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $271.3m | us-gaap:GrossProfit |
| Research and development | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $185.9m | us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense |
| Operating income | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | −$135.0m | us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss |
| Interest expense | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $3.3m | us-gaap:InterestExpense |
| Income tax | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $299.2m | us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit |
| Net income | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | −$432.3m | us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss |
| Diluted EPS | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | −$2.82 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted |
| Basic EPS | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | −$2.82 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic |
| Diluted shares (weighted) | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | 153,113,000 shares | us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding |
| Operating cash flow | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | −$125.1m | us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities |
| Capital expenditure | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $4.0m | us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment |
| Share repurchases | 12 months, 2024-01-01 to 2024-12-31 | $0 | us-gaap:PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock |
| Cash and equivalents | at 2024-12-31 | $102.8m | us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue |
| Current assets | at 2024-12-31 | $339.2m | us-gaap:AssetsCurrent |
| Total assets | at 2024-12-31 | $543.7m | us-gaap:Assets |
| Current liabilities | at 2024-12-31 | $356.3m | us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent |
| Total liabilities | at 2024-12-31 | $392.0m | us-gaap:Liabilities |
| Long-term debt | at 2024-12-31 | $0 | us-gaap:LongTermDebt |
| Shareholders' equity | at 2024-12-31 | $151.7m | us-gaap:StockholdersEquity |

## Business

As filed, 32,043 characters.

### Overview

GoPro helps the world capture and share itself in immersive and exciting ways. Our cameras, mountable and wearable accessories, subscription and service, and implied post contract support have generated substantially all of our revenue. We sell our products globally through retailers, distributors, and on GoPro.com.

Our product offerings include cameras, mounts and accessories, lifestyle gear, applications, and subscription and services. See Products for additional information.

### Our strategy

Helping our consumers capture and share their experiences in immersive and exciting ways is at the core of our mission and business. We are committed to developing solutions that create an easy, seamless experience for consumers to capture, create, and share engaging personal content with a focus on enabling capture beyond the phone, targeting markets where GoPro can add value, performance, and differentiation. When consumers use our cameras, accessories, and subscription and services, they often generate and share content that increases awareness for GoPro, driving a virtuous cycle and a self-reinforcing demand for our cameras, accessories, and subscription and services. We believe revenue growth will be driven by the introduction of new types and categories of cameras, accessories, lifestyle gear, and subscription and service offerings. Additionally, we believe our investments in hardware, cloud, and mobile software solutions have yielded a solid foundational experience for consumers that we will continue to build upon in 2025. Consumers can choose between numerous channels to purchase our hardware products, which are sold through a global network of retailers and GoPro.com. In addition, consumers may purchase our subscriptions through GoPro.com or via the Quik mobile app.

### Products

### Cameras

- *HERO13 Black* is our flagship camera launched in September 2024, featuring our GP2 processor, HyperSmooth 6.0 image stabilization, hybrid-log gamma (HLG) high dynamic range (HDR) photos and videos in 5.3K at 60 frames per second (FPS) and 4K at 60 FPS, and a higher capacity battery resulting in longer runtimes and improved thermal performance. HyperSmooth 6.0 image stabilization features AutoBoost, which analyzes up to 4x more data compared to HyperSmooth 5.0 while supporting 360-degree Horizon Lock. The HERO13 Black also includes 10-bit color video at up to 5.3K video at 60 FPS, 27-megapixel photo resolution, 8:7 aspect ratio video for a larger vertical field of view, HyperView, which allows for a 16:9 field of view, Superview, and Horizon Leveling. The HERO13 Black also includes a front-facing and rear touch display, TimeWarp 3.0, a Timecode Sync feature, and a Night Effects Time Lapse feature. Additionally, we offer our HERO13 Black Creator Edition, which combines the HERO13 Black, Volta, Enduro Battery, Media Mod, and Light Mod to create professional-quality videos. We also offer two new Mods for the HERO13 Black to allow users to transform their HERO13 Black into a production powerhouse. The Ultra Wide Lens Mod is an ultra

wide-angle digital lens for 4K video at 60 FPS, the Macro Lens Mod allows the HERO13 Black to focus on objects 4x closer than prior generation cameras. We expect the Anamorphic Lens Mod to be available in the first quarter of 2025, which captures ultra wide-angle footage with reduced distortion and lets anyone tell their stories using the 21:9 aspect ratio used in feature films.

- *HERO12 Black* features our GP2 processor, HyperSmooth 6.0 image stabilization, high dynamic range (HDR) photos and videos in 5.3K at 60 FPS and 4K at 60 FPS, and wireless audio support for Apple AirPods and other Bluetooth devices. The HERO12 Black also includes 10-bit color video at up to 5.3K video at 60 FPS, 27-megapixel photo resolution, 8:7 aspect ratio video for a larger vertical field of view, and HyperView, which allows for a 16:9 field of view. The HERO12 Black also includes the Enduro Battery, which improves the camera performance in both cold and moderate temperatures, a front-facing and rear touch display, TimeWarp 3.0, a Timecode Sync feature, and a Night Effects Time Lapse feature. Our HERO12 Black Creator Edition is an all-in-one content capturing bundle that makes vlogging, filmmaking and live streaming easier than ever. HERO12 Black Creator Edition combines the HERO12 Black, Volta, Enduro Battery, Media Mod, and Light Mod to create professional-quality videos. We also offer prior generation flagship cameras such as the HERO11 Black and HERO10 Black cameras.
- *HERO* launched in 2024, and is our smallest and lightest version of a HERO camera featuring a one-button design and touch display. The HERO camera can shoot videos at up to 4K at 30 FPS and in 4:3 aspect ratio for a wider, more immersive video, captures photos with 12-megapixel resolution, and has a slow-motion setting of up to 2.7K at 60 FPS. The HERO camera captures content with a wide field of view lens so that HyperSmooth image stabilization can be applied in the Quik app.
- *MAX* is our waterproof 360-camera featuring MAX HyperSmooth image stabilization, 360-degree MAX TimeWarp Video, MAX SuperView, PowerPano, built-in mounting, high-quality audio, live streaming, voice control and a front facing touch display. MAX HyperSmooth provides high performance video stabilization, while MAX SuperView provides a wide field of view. PowerPano allows users to capture a 6.2mp, 270-degree panoramic photo with the push of a button and creates an artifact-free shot of action or movement. Our MAX camera features six built-in microphones that allows users to capture immersive 360-degree audio and directional audio for vlogging, and includes a MAX Enduro battery which increases recording time and improves cold-weather performance. The Quik app also includes editing tools for our MAX camera such as subject tracking and keyframe-based reframing.

**Mounts and accessories.** We offer a wide range of mounts and accessories, either bundled with a camera or sold separately, that enhance the functionality and versatility of our cameras, and enable consumers to capture their experiences during a variety of activities or moments from different viewpoints. We also produce and sell camera attachments called Mods, which allow users to transform their HERO13 Black, HERO12 Black, and HERO11 Black cameras into a production powerhouse. The Ultra Wide Lens Mod for the HERO13 Black is an ultra wide-angle digital lens for 4K video at 60 FPS, the Macro Lens Mod allows the HERO13 Black to focus on objects 4x closer than prior generation cameras and the ND Filter 4-Pack allows the HERO13 Black to create motion blur. We expect the Anamorphic Lens Mod for the HERO13 Black to be available in the first quarter of 2025, which captures ultra wide-angle footage with reduced distortion and lets anyone tell their stories using the 21:9 aspect ratio used in feature films. The Media Mod provides an integrated directional microphone, the Light Mod illuminates a scene and the Display Mod allows users to frame themselves during self-capture. These three Mods are compatible with the HERO13 Black, HERO12 Black and HERO11 Black cameras. In addition, we offer Max Lens Mod 2.0 that brings Max HyperSmooth video stabilization and an ultra-wide-angle digital lens for photos and videos to the HERO13 Black and HERO12 Black cameras. Other equipment-based mounts include helmet, handlebar, roll bar and tripod mounts. Our 3-way mount is a 3-in-1 mount that can be used as a camera grip, extension arm or tripod, and our floating mounts such as the Handler and Floaty, allow our cameras to float in water. We also enable consumers to wear mounts on their bodies with the use of our magnetic swivel clip, chest harness and head strap. Additionally, we offer spare batteries, dive filters and charging accessories, and cables to connect our GoPro cameras to computers, laptops, and television monitors. Our accessories expand the features, versatility, and convenience of our cameras.

### Subscriptions

- *Premium subscription* is a subscription service that includes unlimited cloud storage of GoPro content supporting source video and photo quality, damaged camera replacement, cloud storage up to 25 gigabytes

(GB) of non-GoPro content, the delivery of highlight videos automatically via our mobile app when GoPro camera footage from compatible cameras is uploaded to the user’s GoPro cloud account using Auto Upload, access to a high-quality live streaming service on GoPro.com as well as discounts on GoPro cameras, lifestyle gear, mounts and accessories. Our HERO5 Black and newer cameras automatically upload photos and videos to a subscriber’s GoPro account at the highest possible quality, while our HERO7 Black and newer cameras can access our live-streaming service.

- *Premium+ subscription* launched in February 2024, and is a subscription service that includes all the same features included in our Premium subscription, cloud storage up to 500 GB of non-GoPro content, and HyperSmooth Pro. HyperSmooth Pro offers HyperSmooth Pro stabilization with real time playback, lens correction, batch export, the reframe tool, frame grab and trim tool.
- *Quik subscription* is an important offering in expanding our total addressable market (TAM) to those who value organizing the visual moments of their lives with footage from any phone or camera. Quik subscribers can conveniently share their favorite photos or videos to the Quik mobile app where those special “keeper” photos or videos will be added to a private “Mural” feed within the app. The Quik subscription provides access to a suite of powerful yet simple single-clip and multi-clip editing tools which allows users to edit photos or videos and create cinematic stories to showcase their life moments.

**Applications.** We offer mobile and web applications, and desktop plugins that provide a complete media workflow for archiving, editing, multi-clip story creation, and sharing content on the fly. Our Quik mobile app provides the primary experience for users of the Premium+, Premium and Quik subscriptions and is an integration point for GoPro camera owners into the GoPro software ecosystem. The primary goal of the Quik mobile app is to enable users to get the most out of their favorite photos and videos from any phone or camera. This includes a simplified but powerful experience for offloading, backup, editing, story creation and sharing of user’s media. Our GoPro Reframe plugin for Adobe Premier Pro and Adobe After Effects provides users with creative control over footage and enabling reframing, animated movements, motion blur transitions, and adjustments to lens curvature. Our Quik mobile app makes it easy for users to get the most out of their favorite photos and videos no matter which phone or camera is used to capture the footage.

**Lifestyle Gear.** We offer a lifestyle gear lineup that melds our signature design and versatility across a line of bags, backpacks. and cases. We also offer an exclusive line of t-shirts, hats, and other soft goods that capture the spirit of the brand.

### Seasonality

Historically, we have typically experienced the highest levels of total revenue and channel inventory sell-through in the fourth quarter of the year, coinciding with the holiday shopping season, particularly in the United States and Europe. However, total revenue in the fourth quarter of 2024 did not continue this trend due to a number of factors, including macroeconomic conditions, competition, and a delay in an expected hardware product release. In the fourth quarter of 2024, channel inventory sell-through continued the historical trend. While we have implemented operational changes aimed at reducing the impact of fourth quarter seasonality on full year performance, timely and effective product introductions, whether just prior to the holiday season or otherwise, and forecasting, are critical to our operations and financial performance.

### Segment information and geographic data

We operate as one reportable segment. Financial information about geographic areas is presented in Note 11 Concentrations of risk and geographic information, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

### Research and development

We are passionate about developing new and innovative hardware products, and subscription and services that inspire our consumers and enhance our brand. We are constantly innovating to deliver better performance, expanded functionality, and increased convenience to enhance the appeal of our hardware products, and subscription and services. We strive to be a market leader by consistently introducing innovative hardware products, software, and services that offer optimal performance.

We have a user experience-driven approach to hardware and software product development and our CEO leads hardware and software product design. By engaging with customers, consumers, and opinion leaders in our core markets around the world, our development team strives to introduce meaningful and empowering new features that expand the versatility and performance of our hardware and software products. We also benefit from input received from our in-house production team, our sponsored athletes, and our brand advocates that regularly travel the world capturing content using our hardware and software products. We believe leveraging this input will help refine our existing hardware and software products and influence future products that give us a competitive advantage.

Our engineering team supports the development of cameras, related mounts and accessories, firmware, and software. Our hardware engineering team is responsible for developing solutions to support the concepts developed by our product team. These solutions include GoPro’s custom designed system-on-chip, which allows our cameras to perform advanced image computation, unparalleled image quality and next-level image stabilization, new image silicon processors, image sensors and lenses, as well as the core algorithms that enable the systems to operate and provide optimal performance and features. Our hardware engineering team also integrates these innovations and firmware into our product designs, and develops our cameras, mounts, and accessories.

Our software engineering team develops applications that enhance the functionality of our hardware and software products and facilitate the management, editing, sharing, and viewing of content. These applications are being developed for mobile, web-based platforms and plugins. Our core technologies include rendering engines to enable smooth video playback and editing, algorithms for moment identification, automatic story creation as well as cloud-based media storage, analysis, and playback. Our software engineering team also manages our cloud and web platforms that power our application experiences and direct-to-consumer channel via GoPro.com.

### Manufacturing, logistics, and fulfillment

Our hardware products are designed and developed in the United States, France, China, and Romania, and a majority of our manufacturing is outsourced to contract manufacturers located in China, Thailand and Vietnam. We believe that using outsourced manufacturing enables greater scale and flexibility than establishing our own manufacturing facilities. Several key strategic parts are purchased from suppliers by us and then consigned to our manufacturers, while the vast majority of parts are procured directly by our contract manufacturers. Our strategic commodities team manages the pricing and supply of the key components of our cameras, including digital signal processors, sensors and lenses, and we leverage their expertise to achieve competitive pricing on the largest value-add components and leverage our contract manufacturers’ volume purchases for best pricing on common parts.

We have third-party facilities in China and Thailand for final pack-out of our finished cameras and accessories. These finished cameras and accessories are shipped to outsourced fulfillment centers in the United States, as well as Hong Kong, Japan, and Netherlands that deliver our hardware products to our customers.

### Sales channels and customers

We offer our hardware products in over 80 countries through our retail sales channel to retailers and distributors, and through our direct-to-consumer sales channel via GoPro.com. In 2024 and 2023, GoPro.com revenue, which includes subscription and service revenue, represented 25% and 30% of our net revenue, respectively, and retail accounted for 75% and 70% of our net revenue, respectively.

### Direct sales

We sell directly to most of our retailers in the United States, some of our retailers in Europe, and through GoPro.com to consumers worldwide.

*Independent specialty retailers.* We use a network of location-based independent manufacturer representatives to sell our hardware products to independent specialty retailers in the United States, focused on sports and consumer activity capture markets. Our representatives provide highly personalized service to these retailers, including in-store merchandising, taking orders, and providing clinics to educate retail sales personnel about GoPro products and services. We also have an internal, regionally focused sales team that provides a secondary level of service to both the independent specialty retailers and manufacturer representatives. Independent specialty retailers generally carry our higher end hardware products, targeting their core customers who we believe tend to be early adopters of new technologies. Independent specialty retailers outside of the United States represent a similarly important sales channel for us, and we reach these customers indirectly through our network of international distributors.

*Big box retailers.* We sell to large retailers with a global or national presence, including Amazon.com, Inc., Best Buy, Inc., Target Corporation, and Walmart, Inc. We support these retailers with a dedicated and experienced sales management team that we believe enables us to reduce channel conflict.

*Mid-market retailers.* We also sell to retailers with a large regional or national presence, often focused on specific verticals such as consumer electronics, sporting goods, military, hunting and fishing, and motorsports. In the United States, we sell directly to these mid-market retailers through our experienced sales teams assigned to particular accounts and regions.

*GoPro.com.* We sell our full line of hardware and software products to consumers worldwide through our online store at GoPro.com, which we market through online and offline advertising. GoPro.com revenue, which includes subscription and service revenue, represented 25%, 30%, and 38% of net revenue for 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

### Distribution

We sell to approximately 65 distributors who resell our hardware products to retailers in international and domestic markets. We have dedicated sales personnel focused on providing a high level of service to these distributors, including assisting with hardware product mix planning, channel marketing and in-store merchandising, development of marketing materials, order assistance and educating the distributors’ sales personnel about GoPro hardware products.

### In-store merchandising

Our in-store merchandising strategy focuses on our iconic GoPro-branded, video-enabled point of purchase (POP) merchandising displays located in nearly all retail outlets where our hardware products are sold. These displays showcase GoPro videos and present our hardware and software product ecosystem in a customer-friendly manner. Our larger retailers help us represent a broader range of GoPro hardware products due to their in-store deployment of our larger and custom POP displays. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had approximately 30,000 and 28,000 POP displays, respectively, in retail outlets worldwide.

### Marketing and advertising

Our marketing and advertising programs are focused on engaging consumers by exposing them to compelling GoPro content and educating them about new hardware features, as well as the power of our solutions for software editing (mobile and web applications) and content management. We believe this approach enhances our brand while demonstrating the performance, durability, and versatility of our hardware and software products. Our marketing and advertising efforts span a wide range of consumer interests and leverage both traditional consumer marketing and lifestyle marketing strategies.

**Consumer marketing.** Social media plays an important role in our consumer marketing strategy as an awareness driver and opportunity to engage directly with our community. Our consumers capture and share GoPro content on social media platforms including Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly known as Twitter), and YouTube. As of December 31, 2024, we reached a total of 53.6 million followers across all social media platforms and we reached a total of 4.7 billion views on GoPro's YouTube channel. We also integrate user-generated content and GoPro originally produced content into advertising campaigns across various platforms including television, print, online, billboards, and other out-of-home advertising, and at consumer and trade facing events. This content also supports our in-store channel marketing efforts, appearing on our POP displays and other in-store marketing materials. We continue to believe GoPro content remains a significant asset that builds awareness for our brand and hardware and software products.

**Lifestyle marketing.** Our lifestyle marketing programs focus on expanding GoPro brand awareness by engaging consumers through relationships with key influencers, event promotions, and other outreach efforts. We cultivate strong relationships with influential athletes, celebrities, entertainers, and brands, all of whom use our products to create and share engaging content with their own fans and consumers.

### Competition

The market for cameras is highly competitive and characterized by frequent hardware and software product introductions and rapid technological advances. We believe the principal competitive factors impacting the market for our hardware and software products include quality, reliability and user experience, price and performance, design innovation, brand recognition, marketing and distribution capability, service and support, and brand reputation.

We compete against established, well-known camera manufacturers such as Canon Inc. and Nikon Corporation, as well as large, diversified electronics companies such as, Samsung Electronics Co. and Sony Corporation and specialty companies such as Garmin Ltd., the Ricoh Company, Ltd., Arashi Vision Inc. (Insta360), and SZ DJI Technology Co., Ltd. We believe we compete favorably with these companies’ products. Our durable and versatile hardware product design facilitates increased functionality and wearability, and we offer a variety of mounts and other accessories that enable a wide range of consumer use cases that are difficult for other competing products to address. Further, we offer many professional-grade features, many of which are patented, within our camera and 360-camera product offerings at attractive consumer price points, including our HyperSmooth 6.0, in-camera horizon leveling that keeps shots smooth and level, and for our 360 experience, MAX SuperView and PowerPano. MAX SuperView provides a wide field of view while PowerPano allows users to capture a 6.2mp, 270-degree panoramic photo with the push of a button and creates an artifact-free shot of action or movement. We also provide users with a mobile application that enhances the overall GoPro experience. Moreover, we believe we have achieved significant brand recognition in our target vertical markets. We believe our years of experience working with active and influential consumers contributes to our ability to develop attractive hardware and software products and establishes the authenticity of our brand, thereby differentiating us from current and potential competitors.

Smartphones and tablets with photo and video functionality have significantly displaced the market for traditional camera sales, and the makers of those devices also have mobile and other content editing applications and storage for content captured with those devices. Our Quik mobile app, and subscription and service offerings may not be as compelling a solution as those offered by other companies, such as Apple, Inc. and Google, although the Quik mobile app supports content from other platforms including content from iOS and Android. It is possible that, in the future, the manufacturers of such devices, such as Apple, Google, and Samsung, may continue to design their products for use in a range of conditions, including challenging physical environments and waterproof capabilities, or develop products with features similar to ours. In addition, new companies may emerge and offer competitive products directly in our category.

### Intellectual property

Intellectual property is an important aspect of our business. GoPro is a leading innovator that holds a comprehensive portfolio of intellectual property rights. Our practice is to seek protection for our intellectual property in the United States and certain jurisdictions globally, as appropriate. To establish and protect our proprietary rights and confidential information, we rely upon a combination of trademark, copyright, patent, trade secrets, and other forms of intellectual property rights, as well as contractual restrictions such as confidentiality agreements, licenses, and intellectual property assignment agreements with employees, contract manufacturers, distributors, and others.

Our trademarks, including “GOPRO,” “HERO,” and the GoPro logos, among others, are a critical component of the value of our business. We believe the strength of our trademarks, service marks, and trade dress have generated considerable brand loyalty, distinction, and renown among our customers and prospective customers.

GoPro’s patent portfolio reflects our leadership in the high-tech and electronics industry. As of December 31, 2024, we had approximately 1,465 issued patents and 366 patent applications pending in the United States, and 873 corresponding issued patents and 66 patent applications pending in foreign jurisdictions. Our patents cover technology and product areas that include cameras, mounts, accessories, digital imaging, image processing, image stabilization, operational firmware and software, post-processing software, mobile and cloud software, as well as the ornamental aspects of our hardware and software products. Our patents expire at various times, and no single patent or other intellectual property right is solely responsible for protecting GoPro’s products, software, and services. GoPro continues to invest in protecting its expanding innovation through ongoing development of its patent portfolio. We continually assess our innovations, including their patentability, and regularly file patent applications to protect our innovations and technologies that come from our research, development, and design.

We take active measures to protect our intellectual property against unauthorized third-party use, including misuse of our patents, copyrights, trademarks, and other proprietary rights. We monitor online marketplaces for infringing, knock-off, or counterfeit products and take action to remove those products. We have and expect to continue to take legal action to enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights when appropriate.

Despite these protections and efforts, we may be unable to prevent third parties from using our intellectual property without our authorization, challenging the validity of our intellectual property, breaching any nondisclosure or confidentiality agreements with us, or independently developing products that are similar to ours without infringing our intellectual property, particularly in those countries where the laws do not protect our proprietary and intellectual property rights as fully as in the United States.

### Human capital

We are continually investing in the engagement and retention of our current global workforce by creating an inclusive workplace, providing market-competitive benefits to support our employees’ health and well-being, and fostering a learning environment in support of their growth and development. As of December 31, 2024, we employed 696 people.

We believe that when our people thrive, our business thrives. GoPro invests in employee engagement through our Employee Resource Groups (ERGs). ERGs enhance the employee experience by building community and connection amongst employees, expanding education and awareness, creating opportunities for professional development and providing valuable feedback to our People Team.

### Employee Development and Training

We prioritize employee development and training, which we believe has a direct impact on employee growth, engagement and retention. To support managers and individual contributors within the company, we provide training and development opportunities through our online portal, Opportunity Lab. Opportunity Lab enables employees to access self-directed web-based courses focused on topics such as emotional intelligence, leading change, intercultural communication, feedback and career development planning. We also offer employee development through our Mentorship Program. This program supports the employees’ professional development while expanding their network with our senior leaders.

Our leadership development and coaching programs focus on individual leadership growth, building trust and relationships with peers and sharing best practices. We continue to optimize our organizational efficiency and collaboration by providing ongoing training on effective meeting management. We believe that employee development is a shared responsibility of employee and manager, through both formal feedback programs including goal-setting, and informal methods (e.g., stretch assignments and peer-to-peer learning). Through our Grow Pro Plan program, managers and employees reflect on their individual skills and areas for development, guided by our company competency framework, and by what specific areas the employee would like to develop each year. We have a robust talent calibration and succession planning process to ensure we fill the talent pipeline and identify any skills gaps with development plans.

### Corporate and available information

We were originally incorporated as Woodman Labs, Inc. in California and began doing business as GoPro in February 2004. We reincorporated in Delaware in December 2011 and in February 2014, we changed our name to GoPro, Inc. Our principal executive offices are located at 3025 Clearview Way, San Mateo, California 94402, and our telephone number is (650) 332-7600. We completed our initial public offering in July 2014 and our Class

A common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “GPRO.” Our Class B common stock is neither listed nor traded on any stock exchange.

Our website address is www.gopro.com. Through a link on the Investor Relations section of our website, we make available the following filings as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC): our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. All such filings are available free of charge. The information posted on our website is not incorporated into this report. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding our filings at www.sec.gov.

## Risk factors

As filed, 95,728 characters.

You should carefully consider the risks described below and all other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K before making an investment decision. These risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. The risk factors below do not identify all risks that we face; our operations could also be affected by factors that are not presently known to us or that we currently consider to be immaterial to our operations. In that event, the trading price of our shares may decline, and you may lose part or all of your investment.

### Risks related to our business and industry

***We have incurred substantial operating losses in the past year, and we may not be able to achieve revenue growth or profitability in the future, and if revenue growth or profitability is achieved, we may not be able to sustain it.***

In 2024, we incurred an operating loss of $135.0 million due to the combination of delayed product launches, competition, foreign exchange and the effect of macroeconomic conditions on our business. While we have taken and will continue to take actions to reduce our operating expenses, we cannot be certain that we will be able to return to profitability through a combination of revenue growth and gross margin improvement. For example, our annual revenue decreased from $1.09 billion in 2023 to $801.5 million in 2024. In addition, we incurred an operating loss of $75.5 million in 2023.

We may experience lower levels of revenue, or lower gross margin for a variety of reasons, including, among other factors: ineffective or untimely investments in product innovation and development; any delays or issues with our new product launches, such as the delayed launch of our next generation 360-camera from 2024 to 2025; increased advertising and marketing costs and/or ineffectiveness thereof; increasing freight rates; shipping delays; increased supply chain costs; increased costs; lower average sales pricing for our cameras; or a recession or other sustained adverse market events such as tariffs that materially impacts consumer purchases of discretionary items, such as our products. Currency exchange rate fluctuations may also negatively impact revenue and gross margin. For example, in 2023, our margins were negatively impacted by price protection charges, an increase in the proportionate volume of sales of our low margin entry-level price point cameras, a decrease of sales from GoPro.com, and the significant effect of foreign currency fluctuations that also worsened in 2024.

We may continue to experience fluctuating revenue, expenses, and profitability for a number of reasons, including other risks described in this Annual Report, and we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications, delays, and other unknown factors that impact our revenue growth or profitability.

***We are taking a multi-pronged approach to regaining profitability with a focus on continued innovation and new product introductions while effectively managing and implementing cost-saving measures where appropriate, which may not be effective to restore profitability in our business.***

In order to become profitable, and manage our margin, we must continue to innovate, develop and introduce new products on schedule, enhance our current product offerings, grow our customer base, and stimulate customer demand for new and next-generation products and services. Our product and service offerings are at the core of our business model.

In order to manage our profitability, we may also have to continue to reduce costs. We previously implemented company-wide restructurings of our business, including in March 2024, August 2024 and October 2024, resulting in a reduction in our global workforce, the elimination of certain open positions and reduction of certain office space, as well as the elimination of several high-cost initiatives, in order to optimize our cost structure and focus our resources on cameras, accessories, subscription and service, and tech-enabled helmets.

These reductions in force may result in unintended consequences and costs, such as the loss of institutional knowledge and expertise, attrition beyond the intended number of employees, decreased morale among our remaining employees, difficulty in recruiting employees in the future, and the risk that we may not achieve the anticipated benefits of the reduction in force. In addition, while positions have been eliminated, certain functions necessary to our operations remain, and we may be unsuccessful in distributing the responsibilities of departed employees among our remaining employees.

Furthermore, all of our employees, including our executive officers, are free to terminate their employment relationship with us at any time, and their knowledge of our business and industry may be difficult to replace. If key employees leave, we may not be able to fully integrate new personnel or replicate the prior working relationships, and our operations could suffer as a result.

Further, job candidates and existing employees often consider the value of the equity awards they receive in connection with their employment. Fluctuations in the price of our Class A common stock may make it more difficult or costly to use equity compensation to motivate, incentivize and retain our employees. For example, since 2023, our closing stock price ranged from a high of $6.46 in the first quarter of 2023 to a low of $1.09 in the fourth quarter of 2024. If we are unable to attract and retain highly skilled personnel, we may not be able to achieve our strategic objectives, and our business, financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected.

The reduction in workforce could also make it difficult for us to pursue, or prevent us from pursuing, new opportunities and initiatives due to insufficient personnel, or require us to incur additional and unanticipated costs to hire new personnel to pursue such opportunities or initiatives. If we are unable to realize the anticipated benefits from the reductions in force, or if we experience significant adverse consequences from the reductions in force, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially adversely affected. We may undertake further similar cost-saving initiatives, which may include additional restructuring or workforce reductions.

***We may not be able to acquire and retain subscribers at all or at historical rates and may decrease which could adversely impact our results of operations and our ability to be profitable.***

We have experienced high subscriber growth over the past several years, but we may not be able to sustain such growth in the future. For example, our subscriber growth slowed to 1% from 12% when comparing subscriber count for the twelve months ending on December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our subscription service is the highest gross margin product we offer. Our revenue growth and profitability are dependent on our ability to continuously attract and retain subscribers, and we cannot be certain that efforts to do so will be successful. Any changes to our subscription offerings, or increases to the offering costs, could have an adverse effect on the success and profitability of our subscription service, attracting new subscribers and retaining existing subscribers. There are many factors that could lead to slowing subscriber growth or a decline in subscribers, including a decline in camera sales, attach rates or retention rates, our failure to introduce new features, benefits, products, or services that customers desire, changes to existing products, services, and pricing that are not favorably received by our customers, or changes in the perceived value of our offerings. If the attach rate is less than what we forecasted, this could have a negative impact on our overall subscriber growth plans. A decline in subscribers could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.

***Our ability to be profitable relies, in part, on development of effective sales channels and marketing efforts. We depend upon maintaining and developing effective sales channels between our retailers and distributors, as well as direct-to-consumer via GoPro.com, and to develop and implement effective marketing strategies.***

Any reduction in sales by our retail and distribution channels could adversely affect our revenue, operating results, and financial condition. We depend on retailers to provide adequate and attractive space for our products and point-of-purchase (POP) displays in their stores and acquiesce to our policies. Some retailers have carried and displayed less inventory, as a result of macroeconomic factors, theft, or lack of available inventory at certain price points or in certain product categories, which has impacted sales. We further depend on our retailers to employ, educate, and motivate their sales personnel to effectively sell our products. If our retailers do not adequately display our products, choose to reduce the space for our products and POP displays in their stores or locate them in less than premium positioning, or choose not to carry some or all of our products or promote competitors’ products over ours or do not effectively explain to customers the advantages of our products, our sales could decrease and our business could be harmed. Increasing retail and distributor sales requires significant investment and resources. For example, we expect continued investment in new POP displays and updating existing POP displays for both existing stores and new retailers which we believe will attract, inform consumers, and assist sales personnel to effectively sell our products; however, there can be no assurance that this investment will lead to increased revenue and profit.

Our ten largest third-party customers, measured by the revenue we derive from them, accounted for 44%, 44% and 41% of our revenue in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. One retailer accounted for 9%, 9.98% and 8% of our revenue for 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The loss of a small number of our large customers, or the reduction in business with one or more of our large customers, could have a significant adverse effect on our operating results. In addition, we may choose to temporarily or permanently stop shipping product to customers who do not follow the policies and guidelines in our sales agreements, which could have a material negative effect on our revenues and operating results. Our sales agreements with these large customers do not require them to purchase any contractual amount of our products annually and we grant limited rights to return product to some of these large customers.

Additionally, our brand and product marketing efforts are critical to stimulating consumer demand. We market our products globally through a range of advertising and promotional programs and campaigns, including social media. If we do not successfully market our products or invest sufficient resources in marketing our products, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could suffer as a result.

Our future growth also relies, in part, on our continued ability to attract consumers to our GoPro.com sales channel, which has and will require significant expenditures in marketing, software development and infrastructure. There can be no assurance that this investment will be successful in driving revenue growth.

***To remain competitive and stimulate consumer demand, we must effectively manage product introductions, product transitions, and product pricing.***

We believe that we must continually develop and introduce new products on schedule, enhance our existing products, anticipate consumer preferences, and effectively stimulate consumer demand for new and upgraded products and services to maintain or increase our revenue. Our products and services are subject to changing consumer preferences that cannot be predicted with certainty and development lead times may make it more difficult for us to respond rapidly to new or changing consumer preferences. The markets for our products and services are characterized by intense competition, evolving distribution models, disruptive technology developments, short product life cycles, customer price sensitivity and frequent product introductions.

The success of new product introductions depends on a number of factors including, but not limited to, timely and successful research and development of next generation systems, pricing, market and consumer acceptance, the ability to successfully identify and originate product trends, effective forecasting and management of product demand, purchase commitments and inventory levels, availability of products in appropriate quantities to meet anticipated demand, ability to obtain timely and adequate delivery of components for our new products from third-party suppliers, management of any changes in major component suppliers, management of manufacturing and supply costs, management of risks and delays associated with new product design and production ramp-up issues, logistics, and the risk that new products may have quality issues or other defects or bugs in the early stages of introduction including testing of new parts and features.

Our research and development efforts are complex and require us to incur substantial expenses to support the development of our next generation cameras, tech-enabled helmets, software applications, and other products and services. In particular, our flagship camera designs incorporate custom system-on-chip (SoC), image sensors, lens, batteries, and memory solutions that critically impact the performance of our products. Our research and development expenses were $185.9 million, $165.7 million and $139.9 million for 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. While we expect our research and development expenses to reduce in 2025 from 2024, we still expect these expenses will continue to be substantial in 2025 as we develop innovative technologies. Unanticipated problems in developing products could divert substantial resources, which may impair our ability to develop new products and enhancements of existing products and could further increase our costs. We may not be able to achieve an acceptable return, if any, on our research and development efforts, and our business may be adversely affected. As we continually seek to enhance our products, we will incur additional costs to incorporate new or revised features. We might not be able to, or determine that it is not in our interests to, raise prices to compensate for any additional costs.

In addition, the introduction or announcement of new products or product enhancements may shorten the life cycle of our existing products or reduce demand for our current products, thereby offsetting any benefits of successful product introductions and potentially lead to challenges in managing inventory of existing products.

***The digital imaging market is highly competitive. Further, competition has intensified in digital imaging as new market entrants and existing competitors have introduced new products and more competitive offerings into our markets. Increased competition could result in a loss of our market share and a decrease in our revenue and profitability.***

We compete against established, well-known camera manufacturers such as Canon Inc. and Nikon Corporation, as well as large, diversified electronics companies such as Samsung Electronics Co. and Sony Corporation, and specialty companies such as Garmin Ltd., the Ricoh Company, Ltd., Arashi Vision Inc. (Insta360), and SZ DJI Technology Co., Ltd. Many of our competitors have substantial market share, diversified product lines, well-established supply and distribution systems, strong worldwide brand recognition and greater financial, marketing, research and development and other resources than we do. Additionally, many of our existing and potential competitors enjoy substantial competitive advantages, such as longer operating histories, the capacity to leverage their sales efforts and marketing expenditures across a broader portfolio of products, broader distribution and established relationships with channel partners or vertically integrated business units, access to larger established customer bases, greater resources to make acquisitions, larger intellectual property portfolios, and the ability to bundle competitive offerings with other products and services. Further, new companies may emerge and offer competitive products directly in our category. Certain companies have developed cameras designed and packaged to appear similar to our products, which may confuse consumers or distract consumers from purchasing GoPro products.

Moreover, smartphones and tablets with photo and video functionality have significantly displaced the market for traditional cameras, and the makers of those devices also have mobile and other content editing applications and storage for content captured with those devices. Our mobile app and subscription offerings may not be as compelling as those offered by other companies, such as Apple, Adobe, or Google, although the mobile application supports content from other platforms including content from iOS and Android. Manufacturers of smartphones and tablets, such as Apple, Google, and Samsung, may continue to design their products for use in a range of conditions similar to our products, including in challenging physical environments and with waterproof capabilities, or develop products with features similar to ours. We rely in part on application marketplaces, such as the Apple App Store and Google Play, to distribute our mobile app. Apple and Google may raise commissions, change or modify rules or functionality for apps on the marketplaces, or make access to our apps more difficult, which could adversely impact our business and results of operations.

***Future growth depends on our ability to develop new products for new markets with the goal to expand our core community of customers, and we may not be successful in doing so.***

Historically, the majority of our growth has been fueled by the adoption of our HERO and 360-camera products, extensive mount and accessory ecosystem, and subscription products by people looking to self-capture images of themselves and helping those people create and share compelling and meaningful content with friends, family and followers. We believe that our future growth depends on continuing to add versatility to our products, develop new capture perspectives and reach and expand our core community of customers of our products and services, followers, and fans, and then utilizing that energized community as brand ambassadors to an extended community. Despite this, we may not be successful in further penetrating or expanding our existing market.

We may not be able to expand our subscription and service offerings and cannot be certain that these efforts will be successful, and as a result, we may not be able to increase our total addressable market, revenue, or operating profit. We may not be able to expand our market, revenue and gross margin through this strategy on a timely basis, or at all, or recognize the benefits of our investments in this strategy, and we may not be successful in providing tools that our users adopt or believe are easy to use, which will negatively affect our future growth.

Our growth also depends on expanding into new markets with new capture perspectives, including with tech-enabled helmets currently in development. We cannot be assured that we will be successful in expanding into markets with new capture perspectives. New markets that we attempt to enter may be highly competitive, and we may have limited experience in those emerging markets. If we are not successful in expanding into additional markets, and enabling new capture perspectives, we might not be able to grow our revenue and we may not recognize benefits from our investment in new areas.

***Due to seasonal consumer shopping patterns for our products, if sales fall short of projections, our overall financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.***

Seasonal consumer shopping patterns significantly affect our business. We have traditionally experienced greater revenue in the fourth quarter of each year due to demand related to the holiday season, and in some years, greater demand associated with the launch of new products heading into the holiday season. Fourth quarter revenue comprised 25%, 29%, and 29% of our 2024, 2023 and 2022 revenue, respectively. Given the strong seasonal nature of our sales, appropriate forecasting is critical to our operations. We anticipate that this seasonal impact is likely to continue and any shortfalls in expected fourth quarter revenue due to macroeconomic conditions, the inflationary impact on consumers’ share of wallet, product release patterns or delays, declines in the effectiveness of our promotional activities, changes in product mix, charges incurred against new products to support promotional activities for such new products, pricing pressures, supply chain disruptions, shipping delays, or for any other reason, could cause our annual results of operations to suffer significantly. For example, during the fourth quarter of 2023, our sell-through fell short of our projections partially due to consumers’ expectation of holiday season promotions even after the Thanksgiving Black Friday and Cyber Monday events in combination with the U.S. consumer share of wallet shifting away from consumer electronic products in the month of December which impacted our results of operations.

Generally, we have experienced lower revenue in the first half of the year as a percentage of total revenue for the year, as compared to second half revenue. First half revenue comprised 43%, 41%, and 43% of our annual 2024, 2023, and 2022 revenue, respectively.

***We may not be able to secure additional financing on favorable terms, or at all, to meet our future capital needs.***

In the future, we may require additional capital to respond to business opportunities, challenges, or unforeseen circumstances and may determine to engage in equity or debt financings or enter into credit facilities for other reasons. We may not be able to timely secure additional financing on favorable terms, or at all, due to among other things, general macroeconomic conditions, including changes in interest rates, market volatility, and inflation.

Additionally, our current credit facilities contain restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters, and any debt financing obtained by us in the future could involve further restrictive covenants, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. Further, even if we are able to obtain additional financing, we may be required to use such proceeds to repay a portion of our debt.

If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible debt or other equity-linked securities, our existing stockholders could suffer significant dilution. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing under our credit facility, or alternative sources, when we require it, our ability to grow or support our business and to respond to business challenges could be significantly limited. In the event additional financing is required from outside sources, we may not be able to raise it on terms acceptable to us or at all.

***Due to the nature of our business, we are heavily reliant on third parties outside of our control both in terms of our suppliers and for our operations.***

Our ability to meet customer demand depends, in part, on our ability to obtain timely and adequate delivery of components for our products. We do not have internal manufacturing capabilities and rely on several contract manufacturers, located in China and Thailand, to manufacture our products. All of the components that go into the manufacturing of our hardware products and accessories are sourced from third-party suppliers. We do not control our contract manufacturers or suppliers, including their capacity, bandwidth, or costs of their labor, environmental or other practices.

Some of the key components used to manufacture our products come from a limited or single source of supply, or from a supplier that could potentially become a competitor. For our camera designs, we incorporate system-on-chips, sensors, lens, batteries and memory solutions that critically impact the performance of our products. These components have unique design and performance profiles, and as a result, it is not commercially practical to support multiple sources for these components for our products. We are subject to the risk of shortages and long lead times in the supply of these components and the risk that our suppliers discontinue or modify components used in our products. In addition, the lead times associated with certain components are lengthy and preclude rapid changes in quantities and delivery schedules, and such lead times could increase as a result of shipping disruptions, global conflicts, including any escalations or expansions of those conflicts, or other factors.

If we lose access to components from a particular supplier or experience a significant disruption in the supply of products and components from a current supplier, we may be unable to locate alternative suppliers or submit orders directly through supplier’s vendors of comparable quality at an acceptable price, or at all, and our business could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, if we experience a significant increase in demand for our products, our suppliers might not have the capacity or elect not to meet our needs as they allocate components to other customers. Developing suitable alternate sources of supply for these components may be time-consuming, difficult and costly, and we may not be able to source these components on terms that are acceptable to us, or at all, which may adversely affect our ability to meet our development requirements or to fill our orders in a timely or cost-effective manner.

Although we have policies and procedures in place requiring our contract manufacturers and major component suppliers to comply with applicable federal, state, local and international requirements, we cannot confirm with certainty that our manufacturers and suppliers consistently comply with these requirements. In addition, if there are changes to these or other laws (or their interpretation) or if new similar laws are passed in other jurisdictions, we may be required to re-engineer our products to use components compatible with these regulations. Any re-engineering and component substitution could result in additional costs to us or disrupt our operations or logistics. Additionally, we rely on third parties such as Amazon Web Services to provide software and enterprise services.

***We face substantial risks related to inventory, purchase commitments, and long-lived assets, and we could incur material charges related to these items that adversely affect our operating results.***

Our business requires us to coordinate the manufacture and distribution of our products, including our ability to properly stock inventory adequate for our demand. If we do not successfully coordinate with our service providers, we may have insufficient supply of products to meet customer demand or face increased or additional costs, and as a result, we could lose sales, and our financial performance may be adversely affected.

To ensure adequate inventory supply and meet the demands of our retailers and distributors, we must forecast inventory needs and place orders with our contract manufacturers and component suppliers based on our estimates of future demand for particular products as well as accurately track the level of product inventory in the channel to ensure we are not in an over or under supply situation. To the extent we discontinue the manufacturing and sales of any products or services, we must manage the inventory liquidation, supplier commitments and customer expectations.

No assurance can be given that we will not incur charges in future periods related to our inventory management or that we will accurately forecast sales in a future period. Our ability to accurately forecast demand for our products is affected by many factors, including product introductions by us and our competitors, channel inventory levels, unanticipated changes in general market demand, macroeconomic conditions, including inflation or recession, and consumer confidence. If we do not accurately forecast customer demand for our products, we may in future periods be unable to meet consumer, retailer, or distributor demand for our products, or may be required to incur higher costs to secure the necessary production capacity and components, and our business and operating results could be adversely affected.

***Adverse changes to trade agreements, trade policies, tariffs and import/export regulations may have a negative effect on our business and results of operations.***

The United States and other countries in which our products are produced or sold internationally have imposed and may impose additional quotas, duties, tariffs, or other restrictions or regulations, or may adversely adjust prevailing quota, duty, tariff levels, or export or other licensing requirements. Countries impose, modify and remove tariffs and other trade restrictions in response to a diverse array of factors, including global and national economic and political conditions, which make it impossible for us to predict future developments regarding tariffs and other trade restrictions.

We do not have internal manufacturing capabilities and rely on several contract manufacturers, including component vendors, located in China, Thailand and in other countries to manufacture our products. Our contract manufacturer locations expose us to risks associated with doing business globally, including risks related to changes in tariffs or other export and import restrictions, and increased security costs. Additionally, changes in U.S. administrative policy from the recent U.S. presidential and congressional elections may lead to significant changes in tariffs for imported goods among other possible changes. Any announcement by the United States Trade Representative (USTR) to impose additional or increased tariffs on GoPro products could have a material adverse effect on our United States bound production, business, and results of our United States operations. If these duties are imposed on our products, we may be required to raise our prices, which may result in the loss of customers and harm our business and results of operations, or we may choose to pay for these tariffs without raising prices which may negatively impact our results of operations and profitability.

We continue to explore manufacturing capabilities outside of China and currently manufacture certain cameras in Thailand to mitigate risks of additional tariffs, duties or other restrictions on our products destined for the United States and may choose to transition more manufacturing outside of China. Sales of our products in China are material to our business and represent a significant portion of our revenue. This revenue stream from China is at risk in the event China imposes retaliatory tariffs impacting in-bound sales of our products or imposes any other export restrictions on our products. While we have proactively moved our U.S. bound camera production outside of China, the risk that tariffs are imposed on other countries could have an impact on our U.S. bound production costs.

***Security, data breaches and cyber-attacks could disrupt our web platform, products, services, internal operations, information technology systems, or those of our strategic partners, and any such disruption could reduce our expected revenue, increase our expenses, damage our reputation, and cause our stock price to decline significantly.***

We are dependent on information systems to develop our products and services, process transactions, manage our supply chain and inventory, ship goods on a timely basis, maintain cost-efficient operations, complete timely and accurate financial reporting, operate GoPro.com, and respond to customer inquiries. In the ordinary course of our business, we electronically collect, use and store sensitive data, including our intellectual property, our proprietary business information and that of our customers and suppliers, and personally identifiable information of our customers and employees. Moreover, many of our employees, service providers and third parties work more frequently on a remote or hybrid arrangement basis, which may also result in heightened risks related to consumer privacy, network security and fraud. Cyber-attacks may threaten our information systems and are increasing in their frequency, sophistication, and maleficence, and have become increasingly difficult to detect. As artificial intelligence capabilities improve and are increasingly adopted, we may see cyber-attacks utilizing or exploiting artificial intelligence. Despite the implementation of security measures designed to protect against such threats, our information technology systems, and those of our strategic partners and third parties on whom we rely, are vulnerable to cyber-attacks, security breaches, computer viruses damage, unauthorized access, natural disasters, terrorism, theft or exposure of confidential data, war and other acts of foreign governments, and failures of telecommunication, electrical and other critical systems.

If malicious actors compromise our products and services, including without limitation hacking or breach of such products and services, our business and our reputation will be harmed. While we maintain industry standard cybersecurity insurance, our insurance may be insufficient for a particular incident or may not cover all liabilities incurred by any such attacks.

***Our international operations account for a significant portion of our revenue and operating expenses and are subject to challenges and risks. Adverse developments in global economic or geopolitical conditions, or the occurrence of other world events, could materially adversely affect our revenue and results of operations.***

Revenue from outside the United States comprised 64%, 61%, and 59% of our revenue in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, and we expect international revenue to continue to be significant in the future. As a result, we may be negatively impacted by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, which could have a material negative effect on our future operating results. Further, we currently have foreign operations in Australia, China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, Netherlands, Philippines, Romania, the United Kingdom (U.K.) and a number of other countries in Europe and Asia. Operating in foreign countries requires significant resources and considerable management attention, and we may enter new geographic markets where we have limited or no experience in marketing, selling, and deploying our products. International expansion has required and will continue to require us to invest significant funds and other resources and we cannot be assured our efforts will be successful. Our focus on international operations may expose us to a number of risks in addition to domestic operations, including but not limited to:

- burdens of complying with a wide variety of laws and regulations or risk of non-compliance, including environmental, packaging and labeling laws or regulations, which can change based on new political conditions;
- delays or disruptions in our supply chain;
- adverse tax effects and foreign exchange controls making it difficult to repatriate earnings and cash;
- the effect of foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, including any fluctuations caused by, inflation, recessionary concerns, or the strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to the foreign currencies in which we conduct business including relative to the Eurozone;
- political conditions, economic instability, geopolitical turmoil, civil disturbances, or social unrest in a specific country or region in which we operate, which could have an adverse impact on our operations in that location, for example, the effects of China-Taiwan relations or conflict in the Middle East;
- pandemics; wars and global conflicts, including the ongoing conflicts around the world;
- trade restrictions;
- the imposition of government controls;
- lesser degrees of intellectual property protection;
- tariffs and customs duties and the classifications of our goods by applicable governmental bodies;
- a legal system subject to undue influence or corruption; and
- a business culture in which illegal sales practices may be prevalent.

The occurrence of any of these risks could negatively affect our international business and consequently our business, operating results, and financial condition.

***Our gross margin can vary significantly depending on multiple factors, which can result in unanticipated fluctuations in our operating results.***

Our gross margin can vary due to consumer demand, competition, product pricing, promotional activities, product lifecycle, product mix, new product introductions, GoPro.com sales mix, subscription activation, renewals, and cancellations, commodity costs, supply chain, logistics costs and shipping costs, currency exchange rates, trade policy and tariffs, and the complexity and functionality of new product innovations and other factors. For example, our gross margin was 33.8%, 32.2%, and 37.2% for 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. In particular, if we are not able to introduce new products in a timely manner at the product cost we expect, if consumer demand for our products is less than we anticipate, if cancellation rates for our subscription offerings are higher than expected or if there are product pricing, marketing and other initiatives by our competitors to which we need to react or that are initiated by us to drive sales that lower our margins, then our overall gross margin will be less than we project.

As we innovate with new products, we may have lower gross margins that do not deliver a sufficient return on investment. In addition, depending on competition or consumer preferences, we may face higher up-front investments in development to compete or market our products, and increased inventory write-offs. If we are unable to offset these potentially lower margins by enhancing the margins in our product categories, our profitability may be adversely affected.

The impact of these factors on gross margin can create unanticipated fluctuations in our operating results, which may cause volatility in the price of our shares and as a result, harm our liquidity, limit our ability to grow our business, pursue acquisitions, and restrict our ability to compete in our markets.

***Our success depends on our ability to maintain the value and reputation of our brand.***

Our success depends on the value and reputation of our brand, including our primary trademarks “GOPRO,” “HERO,” and the GoPro logos. The GoPro brand is integral to the growth of our business and expansion into new markets. Maintaining, promoting and positioning our brand will largely depend on the success of our marketing and merchandising efforts, including through establishing relationships with high profile sporting and entertainment events, venues, sports leagues and sports associations, athletes and celebrity personalities, our ability to provide consistent, high quality products and services, and our consumers’ satisfaction with the technical support and software updates we provide, each of which requires significant expenditures. Failure to grow and maintain our brand, launch new products on schedule and free of defects or negative publicity related to our products, our consumers’ user-generated content, the athletes we sponsor, the celebrities we are associated with, or the labor policies of any of our suppliers or manufacturers could adversely affect our brand, business and operating results. Maintaining and enhancing our brand also requires substantial financial investments, although there is no guarantee that these investments will increase sales of our products or positively affect our operating results.

***Consumers may be injured while engaging in activities with our products, and we may be exposed to claims, or regulations could be imposed, which could adversely affect our brand, operating results, and financial condition.***

Consumers use our cameras, mounts, and accessories to self-capture their participation in a wide variety of physical activities, including extreme sports, which in many cases carry the risk of significant injury or death. We may be subject to claims that users have been injured or harmed while using our products, including false claims or erroneous reports relating to safety, security, property damage or privacy issues. Although we maintain insurance to help protect us from the risk of such claims, such insurance may not be sufficient or may not apply to all situations. Similarly, governing sports bodies or proprietors of establishments at which consumers engage in challenging physical activities could seek to ban the use of our products in their events or facilities. For example, in some jurisdictions the mounting of our products on helmets is banned during competitive motorcycle events.

***We may be subject to warranty claims that could result in significant direct or indirect costs, or we could experience greater returns from retailers and customers than expected, which could harm our business and operating results.***

We generally provide a 12-month warranty on all of our cameras, except in the European Union (the EU), where we provide a two-year warranty. For certain mounts and accessories, where permitted, we provide a lifetime or limited lifetime warranty. The occurrence of any material defects in our products could make us liable for damages and warranty claims in excess of our current reserves. In addition, we could incur significant costs to correct any defects, warranty claims or other problems, including costs related to product recalls. Any negative publicity related to the perceived quality and safety of our products could affect our brand image, decrease retailer, distributor and consumer confidence and demand, and adversely affect our operating results and financial condition. Additionally, if defects are not discovered until after consumers purchase our products, they could lose confidence in the technical attributes of our products and our business could be harmed. Also, while our warranty is limited to repairs or returns and replacement, warranty claims may result in litigation, the occurrence of which could adversely affect our business and operating results. Based on our historical experience with our camera products, we have an established methodology for estimating warranty liabilities with respect to cameras and accessories; however, this methodology may not accurately predict future rates of warranty claims.

***We use artificial intelligence in our business, and its improper use or unintended consequences could adversely affect our reputation and our results of operations.***

We have in the past and will in the future integrate new and evolving technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), into our products, services and platforms. We also utilize general-purpose artificial intelligence tools in our business and these use cases may become important in our operations over time. As with many new and emerging technologies, AI presents numerous risks and challenges that could adversely affect our business. AI development, adoption, and use is in its early stages, and ineffective or inadequate AI or generative AI development or deployment practices by us or third parties could result in unintended consequences.

Our competitors or other third parties may incorporate AI into their products more quickly or more successfully than us, which could impair our ability to compete effectively and adversely affect our results of operations. Moreover, AI may give rise to litigation risk, including potential intellectual property, privacy, or cybersecurity liability. AI also presents emerging ethical issues and if our use of AI becomes controversial, we may experience brand or reputational harm, competitive harm, or legal liability.

Given the complex nature of AI, our use and future plans on implementing AI into our business may be subject to an evolving regulatory landscape. For example, on October 30, 2023, the Biden administration issued an executive order to, among other things, establish extensive new standards for AI safety and security. We continue to monitor AI regulatory developments which may reduce the efficiencies we believe to be gained from AI or require further investment.

### Risks related to our Intellectual Property and technology licenses

***Our intellectual property and proprietary rights may not adequately protect our products and services, and our business may suffer if third parties infringe our rights.***

We own patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property (collectively, intellectual property) related to aspects of our products, software, services, and designs. Our commercial success may depend in part on our ability to obtain, maintain and protect these rights in the United States and abroad.

We regularly file patent applications to protect innovations arising from our research, development, and design as we deem appropriate. We may fail to apply for patents on important products, services, technologies, or designs in a timely fashion, or at all. We may not have sufficient intellectual property rights in all countries where unauthorized third-party copying or use of our proprietary technology occurs, and the scope of our intellectual property might be more limited in certain countries. Our existing and future patents may not be sufficient to protect our products, services, technologies, or designs and/or may not prevent others from developing competing products, services, technologies or designs. We cannot predict the validity and enforceability of our patents and other intellectual property with certainty.

We have registered, applied to register, and/or used certain of our trademarks in several jurisdictions worldwide. In some of those jurisdictions, third-party registrations, filings, or common law use exist for the same, similar or otherwise related products or services, which could block the registration of or ability to use our marks. Even if we are able to register our marks, competitors may adopt or file similar marks to ours, seek to cancel our trademark registrations, register domain names that mimic or incorporate our marks, or otherwise infringe upon or harm our trademark rights. Although we police our trademark rights carefully, there can be no assurance that we are aware of all third-party uses or that we will prevail in enforcing our rights in all such instances. Any of these negative outcomes could affect the strength, value and effectiveness of our brand, as well as our ability to market our products.

We have also registered domain names for websites that we use in our business, such as GoPro.com, as well as social media handles. If we are unable to protect our domain names or social media handles, our brand, business, and operating results could be adversely affected. Domain names or social media handles similar to ours have already been registered in the United States and elsewhere, and we may not be able to prevent third parties from acquiring and using domain names or social media handles that infringe, are similar to, or otherwise decrease the value of, our trademarks. In addition, we might not be able to, or may choose not to, acquire, or maintain trademark registrations, domain names, social media handles or other related rights in certain jurisdictions.

Unauthorized third parties may try to copy or reverse engineer our products, infringe upon or misappropriate our intellectual property, or otherwise gain access to our technology. We may discover unauthorized products in the marketplace that are knock-offs, infringements, or counterfeit reproductions of our products. If we are unable to stop producers or sellers of infringing or counterfeit products, sales of these products could adversely impact our brand and business.

Litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights. We have initiated legal proceedings to protect our intellectual property rights, and we may file additional actions in the future. For example, on March 29, 2024, we filed a complaint with the U.S. International Trade Commission against Arashi Vision Inc., d/b/a Insta360 and Arashi Vision (U.S.) LLC, d/b/a Insta360 and a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California against Arashi Vision Inc., d/b/a Insta360, and Arashi Vision (U.S.) LLC, d/b/a Insta360, alleging patent infringement of certain GoPro patents related to our cameras and digital imaging technology. Insta360 has filed IPR petitions seeking to challenge the validity of the GoPro patents asserted against Insta360. Initiating infringement proceedings against third parties, as well as defending against IPRs, can be expensive, may take significant time, and may divert management’s attention from other business concerns. The cost of protecting our intellectual property has been and may in the future be substantial, and there is no assurance we will be successful. Our business could be adversely affected because of any such legal actions, or a finding that any patents-in-suit are invalid or unenforceable. These legal actions may in the future lead to additional counterclaims or countersuits against us, which are expensive to defend against and for which there can be no assurance of a favorable outcome. For example, Insta360 has filed three patent infringement actions against us in China (Jiangsu High Court, Changsha Intermediate Court IP Tribunal, and Shenzhen Intermediate People’s Court). Further, parties we bring legal action against could retaliate through non-litigious means, which could harm our business or operations.

***We have been, and in the future may be, subject to intellectual property and proprietary rights claims from third parties and may be sued by third parties for alleged infringement.***

Third parties, including competitors and non-practicing entities, have made allegations of and brought intellectual property infringement, misappropriation, and other intellectual property rights claims against us, including the matter described in Note 10 Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. While we will defend ourselves vigorously against any such existing and future legal proceedings, the effort and expense to support such disputes and litigation is considerable and we may not prevail or obtain favorable outcomes against all such allegations, including in the matter described in Note 10 Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

***If we are unable to maintain, license, or acquire rights to include intellectual property owned by others in the products, services or content distributed by us, our marketing, sales or future business strategy could be affected, or we could be subject to lawsuits relating to our use of this content.***

The distribution of GoPro content helps to market our brand, products, and subscription and service. If we cannot continue to acquire rights to distribute user-generated content or to use and distribute music, athlete and celebrity names and likenesses or other content for our original productions or third-party entertainment distribution channels or for our mobile app, our marketing efforts could be diminished, our sales could be harmed and our future content strategy could be adversely affected. In addition, third-party content providers or owners may allege that we have violated their intellectual property rights. If we are unable to obtain sufficient rights, successfully defend our use of or otherwise alter our business practices on a timely basis in response to claims of infringement, misappropriation, misuse or other violation of third-party intellectual property rights, our business may be adversely affected. As a user and distributor of content, we face potential liability for rights of publicity and privacy, as well as copyright, or trademark infringement or other claims based on the nature and content of materials that we distribute. If we are found to violate such third-party rights, then our business may suffer.

We may seek licenses from third parties where appropriate, but they could refuse to grant us a license or demand commercially unreasonable terms. Further, an adverse ruling in an infringement proceeding could force us to suspend or permanently cease the production or sale of products/services, face a temporary or permanent injunction, redesign or rebrand our products/services, pay significant settlement costs, pay third-party license fees or damage awards or give up some of our intellectual property. The occurrence of any of these events may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results, or cash flows.

***We use open-source software in our platform that may subject our technology to general release or require us to re-engineer our solutions, which may harm our business.***

We use open-source software in connection with our products and services. From time to time, companies that incorporate open-source software into their products or services have faced claims challenging the ownership of open-source software and/or compliance with open-source license terms. Therefore, we could be subject to suits by parties claiming ownership of what we believe to be open-source software or noncompliance with open-source licensing terms. Some open-source software licenses require users who distribute or make available open-source software as part of their software to publicly disclose all or part of the source code to such software or make available any derivative works of the open-source code on unfavorable terms or at no cost. While we monitor our use of open-source software and try to ensure that none is used in a manner that would require us to disclose the source code or that would otherwise breach the terms of an open-source agreement, such use could nevertheless occur despite policies and controls that we have in place, and we may be required to publicly release our proprietary source code, pay damages for breach of contract, re-engineer our applications, discontinue sales in the event re-engineering cannot be accomplished on a timely basis or take other remedial action that may divert resources away from our development efforts, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results.

In addition to risks related to license requirements, use of open-source software can involve greater risks than those associated with use of third-party commercial software, as open-source licensors generally do not provide warranties, assurances of title, performance, non-infringement, or controls on the origin of the software. There is typically no support available for open-source software, and we cannot assure you that the authors of such open-source software will not abandon further development and maintenance. Open-source software may contain security vulnerabilities, and we may be subject to additional security risk by using open-source software. Many of the risks associated with the use of open-source software cannot be eliminated, and could, if not properly addressed, negatively affect our business. We have established processes to help alleviate these risks, including a review process for screening requests from our development organizations for the use of open-source software, but we cannot be sure that all open-source software is identified or submitted for approval prior to use in our solution.

### Risks related to regulatory compliance

***We are subject to governmental regulation and other legal obligations, particularly related to privacy, data protection and information security, and our actual or perceived failure to comply with such obligations could adversely affect our business and operating results.***

Personal privacy, data protection and information security are significant issues in the United States and the other jurisdictions where we offer our products and services. The regulatory framework for privacy and security issues worldwide is rapidly evolving and is likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. Our handling of data is subject to a variety of laws and regulations, including regulation by various government agencies, including the United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and various state, local and foreign regulators, and agencies. Our agreements with certain customers and business partners may also subject us to certain requirements related to our processing of personal information, including obligations to use industry-standard or reasonable security measures to safeguard personal information.

The United States and various state and foreign governments have adopted or proposed limitations on the collection, distribution, use and storage of personal information of individuals, including end-customers and employees. In the United States, the FTC and many state attorneys general are applying federal and state consumer protection laws to the online collection, use, processing, storage, deletion, and dissemination of personal information. Further, all states have enacted laws requiring companies to notify individuals, regulatory authorities and others of security breaches involving personal information.

We also expect that there will continue to be new proposed laws, regulations and industry standards concerning privacy, data protection and information security in the United States, the EU and other jurisdictions, and we cannot always predict the impact of such future laws, regulations, and standards may have on our business. We expect that existing laws, regulations, and standards may even be interpreted differently or inconsistently relative to each other in the future. California initiated the first wave of state consumer privacy laws by enacting the California Consumer Privacy Act (the CCPA), as amended by the California Privacy Rights Act (the CPRA). Following California's lead, several other states have enacted privacy laws. Failure to comply with these new state regulations may result in significant civil penalties, injunctive relief, or statutory or actual damages. Complying with this new privacy legislation may result in additional costs and expenses.

Additionally, many foreign countries and governmental bodies, including Australia, the EU, the U.K., India, Japan, and numerous other jurisdictions in which we operate or conduct our business, have laws and regulations concerning the collection, use, processing, storage, and deletion of personal information obtained from their residents or by businesses operating within their jurisdiction. These laws and regulations often are more restrictive than those in the United States.

For example, in the EU and the U.K., the respective EU or U.K. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) imposes more stringent data protection requirements, provides an enforcement authority, and imposes large penalties for noncompliance. If we fail to comply with the respective GDPR or if regulators assert that we have failed to comply with the GDPR, we may be subject to fines of up to 4% of our worldwide annual revenue under EU GDPR requirements and up to 4% of our worldwide annual turnover under the UK’s implementation of GDPR.

Among other requirements, both the EU and U.K. GDPR regulates transfers of personal data outside of the EU to countries that have not been found to provide adequate protection to personal data, including the United States, requiring that certain steps are taken to legitimize those transfers. We have undertaken certain efforts to conform transfers of personal data from the EU to the United States and other jurisdictions based on our understanding of current regulatory obligations and the guidance of regulators and data protection authorities. Despite this, we may be unsuccessful in establishing or maintaining conforming means of transferring such data from the European Economic Area or the U.K. particularly as a result of continued legal and legislative activity that has challenged or called into question the legal basis for existing means of data transfers to countries that have not been found to provide adequate protection for personal data. We continue to monitor these regulatory and legal developments.

In addition to government regulation, privacy advocates and industry groups may propose new and different self-regulatory standards. These and other industry standards may legally or contractually apply to us, or we may elect to comply with such standards. It is possible that if our practices are not consistent, or are viewed as not consistent, with legal and regulatory requirements, including changes in laws, regulations and standards or new interpretations or applications of existing laws, regulations and standards, we may become subject to audits, inquiries, whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations, loss of export privileges, fines, awards, penalties, injunctions, judgments, or criminal or civil sanctions, all of which may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, reputation, and financial condition.

Future laws, regulations, standards and other obligations, as well as changes in the interpretation of existing laws, regulations, standards and other obligations could impair our ability to collect, use or disclose information relating to individuals, which could decrease demand for our products, require us to restrict our business operations, increase our costs, and impair our ability to maintain and grow our customer base and increase our revenue.

***We could be adversely affected by violations of the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the United Kingdom Bribery Act or similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions in which we operate.***

The global nature of our business and the significance of our international revenue create various domestic and local regulatory challenges and subject us to risks associated with our international operations. The United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), the United Kingdom Bribery Act 2010 (the U.K. Bribery Act), and similar anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws in other jurisdictions generally prohibit United States based companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to non-United States officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business, directing business to another, or securing a competitive advantage. In addition, United States public companies are required to maintain records that accurately and fairly represent their transactions and have an adequate system of internal accounting controls. Under the FCPA, United States companies may be held liable for the corrupt actions taken by their directors, officers, employees, agents, or other strategic or local partners or representatives. As such, if we or our intermediaries fail to comply with the requirements of the FCPA or similar legislation, governmental authorities in the United States and elsewhere could seek to impose substantial civil and/or criminal fines and penalties, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, operating results, and financial condition.

We operate in areas of the world that experience corruption by government officials to some degree and, in certain circumstances, compliance with anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws may conflict with local customs and practices. Our global operations require us to import and export to and from several countries, which geographically expands our compliance obligations. In addition, changes in such laws could result in increased regulatory requirements and compliance costs which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. We cannot be assured that our directors, officers, employees, agents or other strategic or local partners or representatives will not engage in prohibited conduct and render us responsible under the FCPA or the U.K. Bribery Act. While we have compliance programs in place, they may not be effective to prevent violations from occurring and our directors, officers, employees, or agents may engage in prohibited conduct, nonetheless. If we are found to be in violation of the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act or other anti-bribery or anti-corruption laws (either due to the acts or inadvertence of our employees or due to the acts or inadvertence of others), we could suffer criminal or civil penalties or other sanctions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, operating results and financial condition.

***We are subject to governmental export and import controls and economic sanctions laws that could subject us to liability and impair our ability to compete in international markets.***

The United States and various foreign governments have imposed controls, export license requirements, and restrictions on the import or export of some technologies and products. The U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, the Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security, and U.S. Customs and Border Protection administer regulations that restrict U.S. persons in conducting certain export and import activities, as well as conducting business with or in certain countries, governments, entities, and individuals. Our activities and products are consequently subject to United States import, economic sanctions and export control laws, and exports and imports of our products must be made in compliance with such laws, which are complex and continuously changing. Furthermore, United States export control laws and economic sanctions prohibit the provision of products and services to countries, governments, and persons, and for specified end uses, that are targeted by United States economic sanctions and export control laws. Even though we have established procedures designed to enable our compliance with United States sanctions and export control laws, and it is our policy not to do business with any countries or customers located in countries targeted by comprehensive U.S. economic sanctions, our products, including our firmware updates, could inadvertently be provided to targets of U.S. economic sanctions and export control laws, or could be provided by our customers to those targets. Any such provision, as well as any other activity or transaction contrary to U.S. economic sanctions and export control laws, could have negative consequences, including government investigations, denial of export privileges, penalties and reputational harm. Our failure to obtain required import or export approval for our products or activities could harm our international and domestic sales and adversely affect our business, revenue and results of operations.

We could also become subject to future enforcement action with respect to compliance with governmental export and import controls and economic sanctions laws that result in penalties, costs, and restrictions on export privileges that could have a material effect on our business and operating results.

### Risks related to ownership of our Class A common stock

### Our stock price has been and will likely continue to be volatile.

Since 2023, our closing stock price ranged from a high of $6.46 in the first quarter of 2023 to a low of $1.09 in the fourth quarter of 2024. Our stock price may fluctuate in response to a number of events and factors, such as quarterly operating results, changes in our financial projections provided to the public or our failure to meet those projections, the public’s reaction to our press releases, other public announcements and filings with the SEC, significant transactions, or new features, products or services offered by us or our competitors, changes in our business lines and product lineup, changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts, media coverage of our business and financial performance, the operating and stock price performance of, or other developments involving, other companies that investors may deem comparable to us, trends in our industry, trade regulation, any significant change in our management, and general economic conditions. These factors, as well as the volatility of our Class A common stock, could also affect the price of our convertible senior notes as well as our ability to recruit and retain employees.

In addition, the stock market in general, and the market prices for companies in our industry, have experienced volatility that often has been unrelated to operating performance. These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the price of our stock, regardless of our operating performance. Price volatility over a given period may cause the average price at which we repurchase our own stock to exceed the stock’s price at a given point in time. Volatility in our stock price also affects the value of our equity compensation, which affects our ability to recruit and retain employees. In addition, some companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been subject to securities class action litigation. We have been subject to past shareholder class action lawsuits as well as derivative lawsuits and may continue to be a target for such litigation in the future. Securities litigation against us could result in substantial costs and liability and divert our management’s attention from other business concerns, which could harm our business. See Note 10 Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion on legal proceedings.

If we fail to meet expectations related to future growth, profitability, or other market expectations, our stock price may decline significantly, which could have a material adverse effect on investor confidence and employee retention. A sustained decline in our stock price and market capitalization could lead to impairment charges.

We review goodwill for impairment at least annually or more frequently if indicators of impairment arise, and should market conditions or macroeconomic conditions continue to deteriorate, including a rise in inflationary pressures and interest rates, a sustained decline in our share price, or a decline in our results of operations, the result of such review may indicate a decline in the fair value of goodwill resulting in an impairment charge. In the event we are required to record a non-cash impairment charge to our goodwill, other intangibles, and/or long-lived assets, such non-cash charge could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations in the reporting period in which we record the charge.

***Our Class A common stock may cease to be listed on The Nasdaq Global Select Market.***

On February 7, 2025, our Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, closed below the $1.00 per share minimum bid price requirement for continued inclusion on The Nasdaq Global Select Market pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5450(a)(1) (the “Bid Price Requirement”). Should our Class A common stock trade below the minimum Bid Price Requirement for 30 consecutive business days, The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) will send a notice to us that, in accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), we will be provided an initial compliance period of 180 calendar days from receipt of such notice, to regain compliance with the Bid Price Requirement. To regain compliance, the closing bid price for the Class A common stock must be at least $1.00 per share for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days prior to the end of the 180-day period. There can be no assurance that we will be able to regain compliance or that Nasdaq will extend the compliance period.

If we do not regain compliance with the Bid Price Requirement by the end of the 180-day period, we may be eligible for an additional 180 calendar day compliance period, either by submitting an application to transfer the listing of the Class A common stock to The Nasdaq Capital Market, or we can apply directly to Nasdaq, without transferring to The Nasdaq Capital Market, for an additional 180-day extension, which we may not be successful at obtaining. In that case, we would also need to pay an application fee to Nasdaq and provide written notice of our intention to cure the deficiency during the additional compliance period. As part of its review process, Nasdaq will make a determination of whether it believes we will be able to cure this deficiency.

If we do not regain compliance within the applicable compliance period(s), Nasdaq will provide written notification to us that the Class A common stock will be subject to delisting. At that time, we may appeal the delisting determination to a hearings panel.

We intend to monitor the closing bid price of the Class A common stock and may, if appropriate, consider taking actions to regain compliance with the Bid Price Requirement, including, subject to approval of our Board of Directors and our Class A and Class B stockholders, implementing a reverse stock split. However, there can be no assurance that, if we were to engage in a reverse stock split, it would not create an additional deficiency with Nasdaq listing standards.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to regain compliance with the Bid Price Requirement or will otherwise be in compliance with other applicable Nasdaq listing rules within the applicable compliance period(s), that we will be able to successfully implement a reverse stock split, or, if we receive a delisting determination and decide to appeal the delisting determination, that such appeal would be successful.

Currently, there is no immediate effect on the listing of the Class A common stock on The Nasdaq Global Select Market, and the Class A common stock will continue to trade on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “GPRO,” subject to our compliance with the other continued listing requirements of The Nasdaq Global Select Market. If our Class A common stock were to be delisted from The Nasdaq Global Select Market, we might or might not be eligible to list our shares on another market. Such a delisting could negatively impact us by, among other things, reducing the liquidity and market price of our Class A common stock.

***The dual class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting control with our CEO, and we cannot predict the effect our dual class structure may have on our stock price or our business.***

Our Class B common stock has 10 votes per share, and our Class A common stock has one vote per share. Stockholders who hold shares of Class B common stock hold approximately 67.0% of the voting power of our outstanding capital stock as of December 31, 2024 with Mr. Woodman, our Chairman and CEO, holding approximately 64.1% of the outstanding voting power. Mr. Woodman is able to control all matters submitted to our stockholders, including the election of directors, amendments of our organizational documents and any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets or other major corporate transaction. This concentrated control could delay, defer, or prevent a change of control, merger, consolidation, or sale of all or substantially all of our assets that our other stockholders support, or conversely this concentrated control could result in the consummation of such a transaction that our other stockholders do not support. This concentrated control could also discourage a potential investor from acquiring our Class A common stock due to the limited voting power of such stock relative to the Class B common stock and might harm the trading price of our Class A common stock.

In addition, we cannot predict whether our dual class structure, combined with the concentrated control by Mr. Woodman, will result in a lower or more volatile market price of our Class A common stock or in adverse publicity or other adverse consequences. For example, certain index providers, including FTSE Russell and S&P Dow Jones, previously announced restrictions on including companies with multiple-class share structures in certain of their indexes that were then reversed. Because of our dual class structure, we may be excluded from these indexes in the future if new restrictions are announced, and we cannot assure you that other stock indexes will not take similar actions. Given the sustained flow of investment funds into passive strategies that seek to track certain indexes, exclusion from stock indexes would likely preclude investment by many of these funds and could make our Class A common stock less attractive to other investors. As a result, the market price of our Class A common stock could be adversely affected.

***Delaware law and provisions in our restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws could make a merger, tender offer, or proxy contest difficult, thereby depressing the trading price of our Class A common stock.***

Our status as a Delaware corporation and the anti-takeover provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control by prohibiting us from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the person becomes an interested stockholder, even if a change in control would be beneficial to our existing stockholders and could prevent the Class A common stock holders from receiving a takeover premium.

### Risks related to our indebtedness and capped call transactions

### We have indebtedness in the form of convertible senior notes.

In November 2020, we completed an offering of $143.8 million aggregate principal amount of 1.25% convertible senior notes due 2025 (2025 Notes). In November 2023, we repurchased $50.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Notes for $46.3 million in cash. As a result, we now have $93.8 million in aggregate principal amount of indebtedness, the principal amount of which we may be required to pay at maturity in November 2025.

Holders of the remaining 2025 Notes will have the right to require us to repurchase their 2025 Notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2025 Notes to be purchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any. In addition, the indentures for the 2025 Notes provide that we are required to repay amounts due under such indenture in the event that there is an event of default for the 2025 Notes that results in the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, becoming due prior to the maturity of the 2025 Notes. There can be no assurance that we will be able to repay our indebtedness when due, or that we will be able to refinance our indebtedness, all or in part, on acceptable terms. In addition, our indebtedness could, among other things:

- heighten our vulnerability to adverse general economic conditions and heightened competitive pressures;
- require us to dedicate a larger portion of our cash flow from operations to interest payments, limiting the availability of cash for other purposes;
- limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and industry; and
- impair our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, general corporate purposes, or other purposes.

In addition, our ability to purchase the remaining 2025 Notes or repay prior to maturity any accelerated amounts under the 2025 Notes upon an event of default or pay cash upon conversion of the 2025 Notes may be limited by law, by regulatory authority or by agreements governing our indebtedness outstanding at the time, including our credit facility. Our credit facility restricts our ability to repurchase the 2025 Notes for cash or repay prior to maturity any accelerated amounts under the 2025 Notes upon an event of default or pay cash upon conversion of the 2025 Notes, to the extent that on the date of such repurchase, repayment or conversion, as the case may be, we do not meet certain financial criteria set forth in the credit facility.

Any of our future indebtedness may contain similar restrictions. Our failure to repurchase the 2025 Notes at a time when the repurchase is required by the indentures (whether upon a fundamental change or otherwise under the indentures) or pay cash payable on future conversions of the 2025 Notes as required by the indentures would constitute a default under the indentures. A default under the indentures or the fundamental change itself could also lead to a default under agreements governing our existing or future indebtedness, including our credit facility. If the repayment of the related indebtedness were to be accelerated after any applicable notice or grace periods, we may not have sufficient funds to repay the indebtedness, repurchase the 2025 Notes or make cash payments upon conversions thereof.

***Our credit facility imposes restrictions on us that may adversely affect our ability to operate our business.***

Our credit facility contains restrictive covenants relating to our capital raising activities and other financial and operational matters which may make it more difficult for us to obtain additional capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions, or otherwise impact our liquidity. In addition, our credit facility contains, and the agreements governing the 2025 Notes contain, a cross-default provision whereby a default under one agreement would likely result in cross defaults under agreements covering other borrowings. The occurrence of a default under any of these borrowing arrangements would permit the holders of the 2025 Notes or the lenders under our credit facility to declare all amounts outstanding under those borrowing arrangements to be immediately due and payable. If the 2025 Note holders or the trustee under the indentures governing the 2025 Notes or the lenders under our credit facility accelerate the repayment of borrowings, we cannot assure you that we will have sufficient assets to repay those borrowings.

***Conversion of the 2025 Notes will, to the extent we deliver shares upon conversion of such 2025 Notes, dilute the ownership interest of existing stockholders, including holders who had previously converted*** ***their 2025 Notes, or may otherwise depress our stock price or may adversely affect our financial condition.***

The conversion of some or all of the remaining 2025 Notes will dilute the ownership interests of existing stockholders to the extent we deliver shares upon conversion of any of the 2025 Notes. Any sales in the public market of the Class A common stock issuable upon such conversion could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our Class A common stock. In addition, the existence of the 2025 Notes may encourage short selling by market participants because the conversion of the 2025 Notes could be used to satisfy short positions, or anticipated conversion of the 2025 Notes into shares of our Class A common stock could depress our stock price.

In the event the conditional conversion feature of the 2025 Notes is triggered, holders of the 2025 Notes will be entitled to convert the 2025 Notes at any time during specified periods at their option. If one or more holders elect to convert their 2025 Notes, unless we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation by delivering solely shares of our Class A common stock (other than cash in lieu of any fractional share), we would be required to settle a portion or all of our conversion obligation through the payment of cash, which could adversely affect our liquidity.

***The accounting method for convertible debt securities that may be settled in cash, such as the 2025 Notes, may have a material effect on our reported financial results.***

Under current GAAP, effective January 1, 2022, the treasury stock method for convertible instruments has been eliminated and instead, the application of the “if-converted” method is required for the determination of diluted net income (loss) per share on a GAAP and non-GAAP basis. Under the if-converted method, diluted net income (loss) per share for GAAP and non-GAAP would generally be calculated assuming that all of the 2025 Notes were converted solely into shares of Class A common stock at the beginning of the reporting period, unless the result would be anti-dilutive, which would negatively affect diluted net income (loss) per share. The impact from the “if converted” method added approximately 10 million shares to the diluted share count after the partial repurchase of the 2025 Notes in November 2023. Under the if-converted method, some of the incremental dilution is offset as we are able to add back the after tax effected interest expense from the 2025 Notes to the extent the result would not be anti-dilutive.

***The Capped Call transactions may affect the value of the 2025 Notes and our Class A Common Stock and we are subject to counterparty risk with respect to Capped Call transactions.***

In connection with the pricing of the 2025 Notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (Capped Calls) with certain financial institutions. The Capped Calls are expected generally to reduce the potential economic dilution to holders of our Class A common stock upon any conversion of the 2025 Notes, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap.

The capped call counterparties and/or their respective affiliates may modify their hedge positions by entering into or unwinding various derivatives with respect to our Class A common stock and/or purchasing or selling our Class A common stock or other securities of ours in secondary market transactions prior to the maturity of the 2025 Notes (and are likely to do so during any observation period related to a conversion of the 2025 Notes or following a repurchase of the 2025 Notes by the Company on any fundamental change repurchase date or otherwise). This activity could also cause or avoid an increase or a decrease in the market price of our Class A common stock or the 2025 Notes.

The potential effect, if any, of these transactions and activities on the trading price of our Class A common stock or the 2025 Notes will depend in part on market conditions. Any of these activities could adversely affect the trading price of our Class A common stock or the 2025 Notes.

Additionally, we will be subject to the risk that the capped call counterparties might default under the Capped Calls. Our exposure to the credit risk of the capped call counterparties is not secured by any collateral. Global economic conditions have in the recent past resulted in, and may again result in, the actual or perceived failure or financial difficulties of many financial institutions. If the capped call counterparties become subject to insolvency proceedings, we will become an unsecured creditor in those proceedings, with a claim equal to our exposure at that time under our transactions with the capped call counterparties. Our exposure will depend on many factors, but, generally, an increase in our exposure will be correlated to an increase in the market price of our Class A common stock. In addition, upon a default by the capped call counterparties, we may suffer more dilution than we currently anticipate with respect to our Class A common stock. We can provide no assurances as to the financial stability or viability of the capped call counterparties to the Capped Calls.

### General Risk Factors

***Our effective tax rate and the intended tax benefits of our corporate structure and intercompany arrangements depend on the application of the tax laws of various jurisdictions and on how we operate our business, and such tax rates and tax benefits may change in the future.***

We are subject to income taxes in the United States and various jurisdictions outside the United States. Our effective tax rate could be adversely affected by changes in, or our interpretation of, tax law changes and related new or revised guidance and regulations, changes in our geographical earnings mix, unfavorable government reviews of our tax returns, material differences between our forecasted and actual annual effective tax rates, or by evolving enforcement practices.

We are subject to the examination of our income tax returns by the United States Internal Revenue Service and other domestic and foreign tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes and other taxes and have reserved for adjustments that may result from the current examinations. The final determination of tax audits and any related legal proceedings could materially differ from amounts reflected in our income tax provisions and accruals. In such case, our income tax provision and cash flows in the period or periods in which that determination is made could be negatively affected.

***We may grow our business in part through acquisitions, joint ventures, investments, and partnerships, which could require significant management attention, disrupt our business, dilute stockholder value, and adversely affect our operating results.***

We have completed several acquisitions in the past, and in February 2024 we acquired Forcite Helmet Systems, an Australian-based company that offers tech-enabled helmets. We may evaluate additional acquisitions, partnerships, or joint ventures with, or strategic investments in, other companies, products or technologies that we believe are complementary to our business. Negotiating these transactions can be time-consuming, difficult, and expensive, and our ability to close these transactions may be subject to third-party or government approvals, which are beyond our control. Consequently, we can make no assurance that these transactions, once undertaken and announced, will close, and even if they close, we can make no assurances that our integration of any such acquired company will be successful.

***Our aspirations and disclosures related to broader social and ethical initiatives, as well as increased scrutiny and expectations from investors and others regarding non-financial performance factors, could result in additional costs and/or risks, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation, and stock price performance.***

Some investors may use non-financial performance factors to guide their investment strategies and, in some cases, may choose not to invest in us if they believe our related policies and actions are inadequate. The investor demand for measurement of non-financial performance is addressed by third-party providers of assessments and ratings on companies. The criteria by which our practices are assessed may change due to the constant evolution of the landscape, which could result in greater expectations of us and cause us to undertake costly initiatives to satisfy such new criteria. If we elect not to or are unable to satisfy such new criteria, investors and other stakeholders may conclude that our related policies and/or actions are inadequate. There have also been increasing allegations of misleading claims against companies making significant non-financial commitments due to a variety of perceived deficiencies in performance. As stakeholder perceptions of these matters continue to evolve, we may face reputational damage and potential stakeholder engagement and/or litigation in the event that we do not meet the standards set by various constituencies. In addition, there exists certain opposition among some individuals and government departments to use non-financial performance factors, and we may also face scrutiny, reputational risk, lawsuits, or market access restrictions from these parties regarding our initiatives.

In June 2024, we published a summary highlighting our ongoing efforts to reduce our Scope 1 and Scope 2 carbon emissions in our U.S. locations and our commitment to legal and ethical business practices. These statements are not guarantees that we will be able to achieve them. Our ability to achieve any objectives is subject to numerous risks, many of which are outside of our control. Examples of such risks include the availability and cost of renewable energy sources, evolving consumer protection and other regulatory laws applicable to these matters, and the availability of funds to invest in related initiatives in times where we are seeking to reduce costs. As a result, we could fail, or be perceived to fail, in our achievement of such initiatives or goals, or we could be criticized for the scope, target, and timelines of previously announced initiatives or goals. If we fail to satisfy the expectations of investors, regulators, customers, employees, and other stakeholders, if our initiatives are not executed as planned, or if we fail to implement sufficient oversight or accurately capture and disclose related matters, our reputation and business, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely impacted.

***Catastrophic events or political instability could disrupt and cause harm to our business.***

Our headquarters are located in the San Francisco Bay Area of California, an area susceptible to earthquakes. A major earthquake or other natural disaster, fire, threat of fire, act of terrorism, public health issues or other catastrophic event in California or elsewhere that results in the destruction or disruption of any of our critical business operations or information technology systems could severely affect our ability to conduct normal business operations and, as a result, our future operating results could be harmed. Our key manufacturing, supply and distribution partners have global operations in, among other countries, China, Thailand, Hong Kong, Japan, Netherlands, Taiwan, and the United States. Political instability, global conflicts, public health issues, crises, pandemics, or other catastrophic events in any of those countries, including as a result of climate change, could adversely affect our business in the future, our financial condition and operating results.

## Cybersecurity

As filed, 3,335 characters.

The security of personal data is of the utmost importance to GoPro and our customers, vendors, suppliers, and employees. As such, we have implemented industry-standard administrative, technical, and physical security measures to protect against the unauthorized access, destruction, or alteration of our confidential and proprietary information and customer and employee information.

### Governance

Our Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) oversees our information security program and is responsible for leading and implementing, with a cross functional team, our cybersecurity strategy, policy, architecture, and risk management processes. Our CISO has over 20 years of experience in cybersecurity, serving as a security consultant to Fortune 100 companies, and a subject matter expert in computer forensics to law firms and U.S. Government agencies.

The Audit Committee of our board of directors (Audit Committee) has oversight responsibility for our cybersecurity program and reviews with management the Company’s policies and procedures for identifying, assessing, managing, and monitoring information security and cybersecurity risks.

The CISO provides regular updates to the Audit Committee on cybersecurity and other risks relevant to our information technology environment, including developments in the cybersecurity space and evolving standards, the results of periodic exercises and response readiness assessments and we adjust our cybersecurity policies, standards, processes, and practices as necessary based on the information provided by these assessments, audits, and reviews. Our cybersecurity program is regularly evaluated by internal and external experts with the results of those reviews reported to senior management and the Audit Committee.

### Risk Management and Strategy

Our periodic assessment and testing of policies, standards, processes, and practices that are designed to address cybersecurity threats and incidents include a wide range of activities, including audits, assessments, tabletop exercises, threat modeling, vulnerability testing, simulated attacks and other exercises focused on evaluating the effectiveness of our cybersecurity measures and planning. We regularly engage third parties to perform assessments on our cybersecurity measures, including information security maturity assessments, audits, and independent reviews of our information security control environment and operating effectiveness.

We also actively engage with key vendors, industry participants, and intelligence and law enforcement communities as part of our continuing efforts to evaluate and enhance the effectiveness of our information security policies and procedures. We regularly train all employees on cybersecurity risks, such as phishing attacks, and employees are required to acknowledge our cybersecurity policy annually through our Code of Conduct.

### Risks from Cybersecurity Threats

No previous cybersecurity incidents have materially affected us, including our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. Future cybersecurity threats or incidents may materially affect our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. For further detail on the potential risks, see Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

## Properties

As filed, 833 characters.

As of December 31, 2024, we leased office facilities around the world totaling approximately 280,000 square feet, including approximately 196,000 square feet for our corporate headquarters in San Mateo, California. All of our properties are currently leased. Effective October 2021, we entered into a sublease agreement with a third-party for approximately 78,000 square feet of our leased corporate headquarters in San Mateo. We believe our existing facilities are adequate to meet our current requirements. If we were to require additional space, we believe we will be able to obtain such space on acceptable, commercially reasonable terms. See Note 10 Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information about our lease commitments.

## Legal proceedings

As filed, 249 characters.

Refer to Legal proceedings and investigations included in Part II, Item 8, Note 10 Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

## Management's discussion and analysis

As filed, 82,181 characters.

*The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, related notes and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of a variety of factors, including but not limited to, those discussed in Risk Factors and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.*

This MD&A is organized as follows:

- Overview. Discussion of our business, overall analysis of our financial performance and other highlights affecting the business in order to provide context for the remainder of the MD&A.
- Components of our Results of Operations. Description of the items contained in each revenue, cost of revenue and operating expense caption in the consolidated statements of operations.
- Results of Operations. Analysis of our financial results comparing 2024 to 2023 is presented below.
- Liquidity and Capital Resources. Analysis of changes in our balance sheets and cash flows, and discussion of our financial condition and potential sources of liquidity.
- Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates. Accounting estimates that we believe are important to understanding the assumptions and judgments incorporated in our reported financial results and forecasts.
- Non-GAAP Financial Measures. A reconciliation and discussion of our GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures.

### Overview

GoPro helps the world capture and share itself in immersive and exciting ways. We are committed to developing solutions that create an easy, seamless experience for consumers to capture, create and share engaging personal content. When consumers use our cameras, accessories, and subscription and services, they often generate and share content that organically increases awareness for GoPro, driving a virtuous cycle and a self-reinforcing demand for our cameras, accessories and subscription and services. We believe revenue growth may be driven by the introduction of new cameras, accessories, lifestyle gear, and software and subscription offerings. We believe new camera features drive a replacement cycle among existing users and attract new users, expanding our total addressable market. Our investments in image stabilization, mobile app editing and sharing solutions, modular accessories including lens mods, auto-upload capabilities, local language user-interfaces and voice recognition in more than 11 languages with 6 accents are designed to drive the expansion of our global market.

In September 2024, we began shipping our HERO13 Black flagship camera that includes our GP2 processor, HyperSmooth 6.0 image stabilization, hybrid-log gamma (HLG) high dynamic range (HDR) photos and videos in 5.3K at 60 frames per second (FPS) and 4K at 60 FPS, and a higher capacity battery resulting in longer runtimes and improved thermal performance. HyperSmooth 6.0 image stabilization features AutoBoost, which analyzes up to 4x more data compared to HyperSmooth 5.0 while supporting 360-degree Horizon Lock. The HERO13 Black also includes 10-bit color video at up to 5.3K video at 60 FPS, 27-megapixel photo resolution, 8:7 aspect ratio video for a larger vertical field of view, and HyperView, which allows for a 16:9 field of view, Superview and Horizon Leveling. The HERO13 Black also includes a front-facing and rear touch display, TimeWarp 3.0, a Timecode Sync feature, and a Night Effects Time Lapse feature. We also offer our Ultra Wide Lens Mod, Macro Lens Mod and a ND Filter 4-Pack for HERO13 Black. The Ultra Wide Lens Mod allows for an ultra wide-angle digital lens for 4K video at 60 FPS, the Macro Lens Mod allows the HERO13 Black to focus on objects 4x closer than prior generation cameras and the ND Filter 4-Pack allows the HERO13 Black to create motion blur. We expect the Anamorphic Lens Mod for the HERO13 Black to be available in the first quarter of 2025, which captures ultra wide-angle footage with reduced distortion and lets anyone tell their stories using the 21:9 aspect ratio used in feature films. Additionally, we offer our HERO13 Black Creator Edition, which combines the HERO13 Black, Volta, Enduro Battery, Media Mod, and Light Mod to create professional-quality videos.

In September 2024, we also began shipping our smallest and lightest version of a HERO camera which features a one-button design and touch display. The HERO camera can shoot videos at up to 4K at 30 FPS and in 4:3 aspect ratio for a wider, more immersive video, captures photos with 12-megapixel resolution, and has a slow-motion setting of up to 2.7K at 60 FPS. The HERO camera captures content with a wide field of view lens so that HyperSmooth image stabilization can be applied in the Quik app.

In February 2025, we reintroduced our MAX waterproof 360-camera featuring MAX HyperSmooth image stabilization, 360-degree MAX TimeWarp Video, MAX SuperView, PowerPano, built-in mounting, high-quality audio, live streaming, voice control and a front facing touch display. MAX HyperSmooth provides high performance video stabilization, while MAX SuperView provides a wide field of view. PowerPano allows users to capture a 6.2mp, 270-degree panoramic photo with the push of a button and creates an artifact-free shot of action or movement. Our MAX camera features six built-in microphones that allows users to capture immersive 360-degree audio and directional audio for vlogging, and includes a MAX Enduro battery which increases recording time and improves cold-weather performance. The Quik app also includes editing tools for our MAX camera such as subject tracking and keyframe-based reframing.

Our HERO13 Black, HERO13 Black Creator Edition, HERO, HERO12 Black, HERO12 Black Creator Edition, HERO11 Black, HERO11 Black Mini, HERO11 Black Creator Edition, and MAX cameras are compatible with our ecosystem of mountable and wearable accessories.

We offer our Premium subscription, which includes unlimited cloud storage of GoPro content supporting source video and photo quality, damaged camera replacement, cloud storage up to 25 gigabytes (GB) of non-GoPro content, the delivery of highlight videos automatically via our mobile app when GoPro camera footage is uploaded to the user’s GoPro cloud account using Auto Upload or when GoPro camera footage is uploaded to the user’s GoPro cloud account via the user’s mobile phone. Our Premium subscription also provides access to a high-quality live streaming service on GoPro.com, as well as discounts on GoPro cameras, gear, mounts and accessories. In February 2024, we launched our Premium+ subscription which includes cloud storage up to 500 GB of non-GoPro content, HyperSmooth Pro and all of the same features included in the Premium subscription.

In addition to the Premium+ and Premium subscriptions, we offer our Quik subscription which makes it easy for users to get the most out of their favorite photos and videos, captured on any phone or camera, using our Quik mobile app’s editing tools. These editing tools include features such as trim, color, crop, filtering, auto-sync of edits to music, and the ability to change video speed. We also offer our GoPro Reframe plugin for Adobe Premier Pro and Adobe After Effects which provides users with creative control over footage and enabling reframing, animated movements, motion blur transitions, and adjustments to lens curvature.

We continue to monitor the current evolving macroeconomic landscape. Inflation, fluctuating interest rates, a strengthening United States dollar (U.S. dollar), tariffs and recession concerns places increasing pressure on many areas of our business, including hardware and software product pricing, operating expenses, component pricing and consumer spending. In the past, the strength of the U.S. dollar relative to other foreign currencies largely impacted our revenue and gross margin. Revenue from the U.S. was 36.3% and 38.6% of annual revenue in 2024 and 2023, respectively. If the U.S. dollar strengthens relative to other foreign currencies in the future, our financial results will be negatively impacted. See Item 1A. Risk Factors for further discussion of the possible impact of evolving macroeconomic conditions on our business.

The following is a summary of measures presented in our consolidated financial statements and key metrics used to evaluate our business, measure our performance, develop financial forecasts, and make strategic decisions.

*(units and dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)*

|  | Q4 2024 | Q4 2023 | % Change | FY 2024 | FY 2023 | % Change |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | $200,882 | $295,420 | (32)% | $801,473 | $1,005,459 | (20)% |
| Camera units shipped (1) | 581 | 895 | (35)% | 2,431 | 2,984 | (19)% |
| Gross margin (2) | 34.7% | 34.2% | 50 bps | 33.8% | 32.2% | 160 bps |
| Operating expenses | $108,801 | $110,463 | (2)% | $406,328 | $399,036 | 2% |
| Net loss | $(37,191) | $(2,418) | 1,438% | $(432,311) | $(53,183) | 713% |
| Diluted net loss per share | $(0.24) | $(0.02) | 1,100% | $(2.82) | $(0.35) | 706% |
| Cash provided by (used in) operations | $(25,099) | $43,729 | (157)% | $(125,141) | $(32,863) | 281% |
| Other financial information: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Adjusted EBITDA (3) | $(14,359) | $3,267 | (540)% | $(71,639) | $(27,317) | 162% |
| Non-GAAP net income (loss) (4) (5) | $(14,418) | $4,158 | (447)% | $(370,417) | $(20,259) | 1,728% |
| Non-GAAP diluted net income (loss) per share (5) | $(0.09) | $0.03 | (400)% | $(2.42) | $(0.13) | 1,762% |

(1) Represents the number of camera units that are shipped during a reporting period, net of any returns.

(2) One basis point (bps) is equal to 1/100th of 1%.

(3) We define adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) adjusted to exclude the impact of income tax expense (benefit), interest income, interest expense, depreciation and amortization, point of purchase (POP) display amortization, stock-based compensation, gain on insurance proceeds, (gain) loss on extinguishment of debt, and restructuring and other costs, including right-of-use asset impairment charges (if applicable).

(4) We define non-GAAP net income (loss) as net income (loss) adjusted to exclude stock-based compensation, acquisition-related costs, restructuring and other costs, including right-of-use asset impairment charges (if applicable), gain on insurance proceeds, (gain) loss on extinguishment of debt, gain on sale and/or license of intellectual property, and income tax adjustments. Acquisition-related costs include the amortization of acquired intangible assets and impairment charges (if applicable), as well as third-party transaction costs for legal and other professional services.

(5) In the first quarter of 2024, we revised the income tax adjustment to reflect current and deferred income tax expense (benefit) and the effect of non-GAAP adjustments to better align with SEC guidance. For comparative purposes, we have revised our prior period income tax adjustments to reflect current and deferred income tax expense (benefit) and the effect of non-GAAP adjustments. Additionally, in the second quarter of 2024, we revised the first quarter of 2024 income tax adjustment to exclude the establishment of a valuation allowance on United States federal and state deferred tax assets.

Reconciliations of GAAP measures to the most directly comparable non-GAAP adjusted measures and explanations for why we consider non-GAAP measures to be helpful for investors are presented under Non-GAAP Financial Measures.

### Full Year and Fourth Quarter 2024 financial performance

Revenue for the full year of 2024 was $801.5 million, which represented a 20.3% decrease from the prior year period of $1.0 billion. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in units shipped of 2.4 million from 3.0 million in 2023, or a decrease of 18.5%, primarily due to consumer related-macroeconomic issues resulting in a softer global consumer market, an increasingly global competitive landscape and the delay of our next generation 360-camera. This decrease in annual revenue from lower camera unit sales was partially offset by year-over-year growth in our subscription and service revenue of 9.7% to $107.0 million in 2024. For the full year of 2024, camera revenue mix from cameras with an MSRP equal to or greater than $400 was 76% compared to 77% for the same period in 2023. For the full year of 2024, the average selling price decreased 2.2% year-over-year to $330, primarily due to a shift in camera revenue mix with the introduction of our $199 HERO entry level product and an increase in promotional activity during the year. Average selling price is defined as total reported revenue divided by camera units shipped. Retail revenue was $600.9 million for the full year of 2024 and represented 75.0% of total revenue, compared to 70.0% of total revenue in the prior year period. GoPro.com revenue, which includes subscription and service revenue, was $200.6 million for the full year of 2024 and represented 25.0% of total revenue, compared to 30.0% of total revenue in the prior year period. Our gross margin percentage for the full year of 2024 was 33.8% and was negatively impacted by approximately 40 basis points due to the strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies in the year. Our gross margin percentage for the full year of 2023 was 32.2%. Relative to 2021 when gross margin was 41.1%, the U.S. dollar appreciated, which has negatively impacted revenue and gross margin for the full year 2024 by approximately $50 million, or 390 bps of gross margin. Net loss for the full year of 2024 was $432.3 million, which included the establishment of a net valuation allowance of $294.9 million on United States federal and state deferred tax assets in the first quarter of 2024, compared to a net loss of $53.2 million in 2023. Adjusted EBITDA for the full year of 2024 was negative $71.6 million, compared to negative $27.3 million in 2023.

Revenue for the fourth quarter of 2024 was $200.9 million, which represented a 32.0% decrease from the same period in 2023. The decrease was primarily driven by a 35.1% decrease in units shipped in the fourth quarter of 2024 of 581 thousand, compared to 895 thousand in the same period in 2023 primarily due to consumer related-macroeconomic issues resulting in softer global consumer demand, an increasingly global competitive landscape, and a nearly 20% sequential reduction in channel inventory, which was partially offset by an 8.5% increase in our subscription and service revenue. Sell-through in the fourth quarter of 2024 was approximately 775 thousand units, resulting in an approximate 170 thousand unit sequential decrease in the inventory channel. Our fourth quarter of 2024 average selling price increased by 4.7% year-over-year to $346, primarily due to a camera revenue mix shift with 84% of camera revenue from cameras with an MSRP equal to or greater than $400 compared to 74% in the same period in 2023, and an increase in subscription and service revenue as a percentage of total revenue, partially offset by an increase in promotional activity. Retail revenue was $149.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2024 and represented 74.4% of total revenue, compared to 77.2% in the same period of 2023. GoPro.com revenue, which includes subscription and service revenue, was $51.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2024 and represented 25.6% of total revenue, compared to 22.8% of total revenue in the same period of 2023. Our overall subscription attach rate from both sales on GoPro.com and from post-camera purchases at retail was 34% in the fourth quarter of 2024, up from a 29% attach rate in the prior year quarter. Our aggregate retention rate for annual subscribers was 69% in the fourth quarter of 2024, compared to 67% in the same period of 2023. Our gross margin percentage in the fourth quarter of 2024 was 34.7% compared to 34.2% in the same period of 2023. Our fourth quarter of 2024 gross margin percentage was negatively impacted by 30 basis points due to the strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies in the quarter compared to the prior year quarter. Net loss for the fourth quarter of 2024 was $37.2 million, compared to a net loss of $2.4 million for the same period in 2023. Adjusted EBITDA for the fourth quarter of 2024 was negative $14.4 million, compared to positive $3.3 million in the same period of 2023.

Our overall subscription attach rate from camera purchases through both GoPro.com and at retail represents the number of new GoPro subscribers in the period over the corresponding number of estimated camera units sold through both GoPro.com and retail channels. Our aggregate retention rate for annual subscribers represents the percent of annual subscribers that renewed their subscription in the period, over the total corresponding renewal events.

### Factors affecting performance

We believe that our future success will be dependent on many factors, including those further discussed below. While these areas represent opportunities for us, they also represent challenges and risks that we must successfully address in order to operate our business and improve our results of operations.

*Driving profitability through improved efficiency, lower costs, and better execution.* We incurred operating losses in 2024 and 2023. We continue to make strategic decisions to drive volume, growth, and profitability in our business. Restructuring actions in 2024 and prior restructuring actions, along with continued cost management have resulted in a more efficient global organization that has allowed for improved communication and alignment among our functional teams. We are changing our approach to operate in a leaner, more focused manner that we believe is sustainable and strategic for long-term success and improved financial performance. This includes pursuing a hardware and software product roadmap we believe will drive innovation, differentiation, and growth. And, in the longer term, increasing our total addressable market by introducing new, innovative hardware and software products, increasing unit sales volume of our new and existing products, and increasing our subscriber base. Our expectation is that sales from our retail channel will continue to increase relative to sales on GoPro.com. While growth in subscribers and subscription and service revenue has slowed, we continue to make strategic decisions to enhance our subscription offerings to grow subscribers and increase subscriber retention that results in an increase in subscription and service revenue.

*Investing in research and development and enhancing our customer experience.* Our performance is significantly dependent on the investments we make in research and development, including our ability to attract and retain highly skilled and experienced research and development personnel. We expect the timing of new hardware product releases to continue to have a significant impact on our revenue and we must continually develop and introduce innovative new cameras, software, and other new offerings. We plan to further build upon our integrated mobile and cloud-based storytelling solutions, as well as our subscription offerings. Our investments, including those for marketing and advertising, and those related to development efforts associated with our most recent acquisition, may not successfully drive increased revenue and our customers may not accept our new offerings. Further, we have and will continue to incur substantial research and development expenses and if our efforts are not successful, we may not recover the value of these investments.

*Improving profitability.* We believe that our continued focus on growing our total addressable market from our retail and GoPro.com channels, including subscription and service revenue, and broadening our range of hardware products will support our ability to return to profitability on an annual basis due to timely and effective product launches, increases in unit volume, subscribers and related revenue, and continued operating expense control. While the total market for digital imagery has seen an increase in competition, we believe that our consumers’ differentiated use of GoPro cameras, our mobile app and cloud solutions, our continued innovation of product features desired by our users, and our brand, all help support our competitiveness within the market for digital cameras. However, we expect that the markets in which we conduct our business will remain highly competitive as we face new or improved product introductions from competitors such as enhanced phone capabilities and technology-enabled glasses. Sales in international locations subject us to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and regional macroeconomic conditions that may cause us to adjust pricing which may make our hardware and software products more or less attractive to the consumer. Continued fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and regional macroeconomic conditions could have a continued impact on our future operating results. Our profitability also depends on the continued success of our subscription and service offerings.

*Marketing the improved GoPro experience.* We intend to focus our marketing resources on highlighting our camera features, subscription and service benefits, and further improve brand recognition. Historically, our growth has largely been fueled by the adoption of our hardware products by people looking to self-capture images of themselves participating in exciting physical activities. Our goal of returning to profitability depends on continuing to reach, expand and re-engage with this core user base in alignment with our strategic priorities. Sales and marketing investments will often occur in advance of any sales benefits from these activities, and it may be difficult for us to determine if we are efficiently allocating our resources in this area.

*Seasonality.* Historically, we have typically experienced the highest levels of total revenue and channel inventory sell-through in the fourth quarter of the year, coinciding with the holiday shopping season, particularly in the United States and Europe. However, total revenue in the fourth quarter of 2024 did not continue this trend due to a number of factors, including macroeconomic conditions, competition, and a delay in an expected hardware product release. In the fourth quarter of 2024, channel inventory sell-through continued the historical trend. While we have implemented operational changes aimed at reducing the impact of fourth quarter seasonality on full year performance, timely and effective product introductions, whether just prior to the holiday season or otherwise, and forecasting, are critical to our operations and financial performance.

*Macroeconomic risks.* Macroeconomic conditions affecting the level of consumer spending include market volatility and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, inflation, and interest rates. Some hardware product costs have become subject to inflationary pressure, and we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases.

### Components of our Results of Operations

*Revenue.* Our revenue is primarily comprised of hardware product sales, and subscription and service offerings, net of returns and sales incentives. Product revenue is derived from the sale of our cameras and accessories directly to retailers, through our network of domestic and international distributors, and on GoPro.com. Subscription and service revenue is primarily derived from the sale of our Premium+, Premium and Quik subscriptions on GoPro.com, and the Quik mobile app. See Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates and Note 1 Summary of business and significant accounting policies, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information regarding revenue recognition.

*Cost of revenue.* Our cost of revenue primarily consists of product and subscription costs, including costs of contract manufacturing for production, third-party logistics and procurement costs, warranty repair costs, tooling and equipment depreciation, third-party hosting fees, excess and obsolete inventory write-downs, license fees, tariffs and certain allocated costs related to our manufacturing team, facilities, including right-of-use asset impairment charges, cloud storage costs and personnel-related expenses.

*Operating expenses.* We classify our operating expenses into three categories: research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative.

- *Research and development.* Our research and development expense consists primarily of personnel-related costs, including salaries, stock-based compensation, and employee benefits. Research and development expense also includes consulting and outside professional services costs, materials, and allocated facilities, including right-of-use asset impairment charges, restructuring, depreciation and other supporting overhead expenses associated with the development of our hardware and software product offerings.
- *Sales and marketing.* Our sales and marketing expense consists primarily of advertising and marketing promotions of our hardware products and subscription and services, and personnel-related costs, including salaries, stock-based compensation, and employee benefits. Sales and marketing expense also includes point of purchase (POP) display expenses and related amortization, sales commissions, GoPro.com and subscription provider fees, trade show and event costs, sponsorship costs, consulting and contractor expenses, and allocated facilities, including right-of-use asset impairment charges, restructuring, depreciation, and other supporting overhead expenses.
- *General and administrative.* Our general and administrative expense consists primarily of personnel-related costs, including salaries, stock-based compensation and employee benefits for our finance, legal, human resources, information technology and administrative personnel. General and administrative expense also includes professional service costs related to accounting, tax, and legal services, and allocated facilities, including right-of-use asset impairment charges, restructuring, depreciation, and other supporting overhead expenses.

### Results of Operations

The following table sets forth the components of our Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the periods presented, and each component as a percentage of revenue:

*(dollars in thousands)*

|  | Year ended December 31, 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | $801,473 | 100% | $1,005,459 | 100% | $1,093,541 | 100% |
| Cost of revenue | 530,178 | 66 | 681,886 | 68 | 686,713 | 63 |
| Gross profit | 271,295 | 34 | 323,573 | 32 | 406,828 | 37 |
| Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Research and development | 185,897 | 23 | 165,688 | 17 | 139,885 | 13 |
| Sales and marketing | 160,635 | 20 | 169,578 | 17 | 166,967 | 15 |
| General and administrative | 59,796 | 8 | 63,770 | 6 | 61,021 | 5 |
| Total operating expenses | 406,328 | 51 | 399,036 | 40 | 367,873 | 33 |
| Operating income (loss) | (135,033) | (17) | (75,463) | (8) | 38,955 | 4 |
| Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Interest expense | (3,329) | — | (4,699) | — | (6,242) | (1) |
| Other income, net | 5,273 | — | 12,429 | 1 | 1,740 | — |
| Total other income (expense), net | 1,944 | — | 7,730 | 1 | (4,502) | (1) |
| Income (loss) before income taxes | (133,089) | (17) | (67,733) | (7) | 34,453 | 3 |
| Income tax expense (benefit) | 299,222 | 37 | (14,550) | (1) | 5,606 | 1 |
| Net income (loss) | $(432,311) | (54)% | $(53,183) | (6)% | $28,847 | 2% |

### Revenue

*(camera units and dollars in thousands, except average selling price)*

| 2024 | Year ended December 31, 2023 | 2022 | % Change | 2024 vs 2023 % Change | 2023 vs 2022 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Camera units shipped | 2,431 | 2,984 | 2,810 | (19)% | 6% |
| Average selling price | $330 | $337 | $389 | (2) | (13) |
| Retail | $600,902 | $704,217 | $682,799 | (15) | 3 |
| Percentage of revenue | 75.0% | 70.0% | 62.4% |  |  |
| GoPro.com | $200,571 | $301,242 | $410,742 | (33) | (27) |
| Percentage of revenue | 25.0% | 30.0% | 37.6% |  |  |
| Total revenue | $801,473 | $1,005,459 | $1,093,541 | (20)% | (8)% |
| Americas | $378,934 | $469,675 | $521,270 | (19)% | (10)% |
| Percentage of revenue | 47.3% | 46.7% | 47.7% |  |  |
| Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) | $258,976 | $290,814 | $300,870 | (11) | (3) |
| Percentage of revenue | 32.3% | 28.9% | 27.5% |  |  |
| Asia and Pacific (APAC) | $163,563 | $244,970 | $271,401 | (33) | (10) |
| Percentage of revenue | 20.4% | 24.4% | 24.8% |  |  |
| Total revenue | $801,473 | $1,005,459 | $1,093,541 | (20)% | (8)% |

*2024 Compared to 2023.* Revenue for the full year of 2024 was $801.5 million, which represented a 20.3% decrease from the prior year period of $1.0 billion. The decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in units shipped of 2.4 million from 3.0 million in 2023, or a decrease of 18.5%, primarily due to consumer related-macroeconomic issues resulting in a softer global consumer market, an increasingly global competitive landscape and the delay of our next generation 360-camera. This decrease in annual revenue from lower camera unit sales was partially offset by year-over-year growth in our subscription and service revenue of 9.7% to $107.0 million in 2024. For the full year of 2024, camera revenue mix from cameras with an MSRP equal to or greater than $400 was 76% compared to 77% for the same period in 2023. For the full year of 2024, the average selling price decreased 2.2% year-over-year to $330, primarily due to a shift in camera revenue mix with the introduction of our $199 HERO entry level product and an increase in promotional activity during the year. Retail revenue was $600.9 million for the full year of 2024 and represented 75.0% of total revenue, compared to 70.0% of total revenue in the prior year period. GoPro.com revenue, which includes subscription and service revenue, was $200.6 million for the full year of 2024 and represented 25.0% of total revenue, compared to 30.0% of total revenue in the prior year period.

### Cost of revenue and gross margin

*(dollars in thousands)*

|  | Year ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 vs 2023 % Change | 2023 vs 2022 % Change |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Cost of revenue | $528,080 | $680,021 | $676,771 | (22)% | —% |
| Stock-based compensation | 1,343 | 1,955 | 1,805 | (31) | 8 |
| Acquisition-related costs | — | — | 47 | — | (100) |
| Restructuring costs | 755 | (90) | 8,090 | (939) | (101) |
| Total cost of revenue | $530,178 | $681,886 | $686,713 | (22)% | (1)% |
| Gross margin | 33.8% | 32.2% | 37.2% | 160 bps | (500) bps |

*2024 Compared to 2023.* Gross margin of 33.8% for the full year of 2024 increased from 32.2% in the prior period, or 160 bps, primarily due an increased margin contribution from subscription and services of 200 bps, and lower operational costs related to warranty, tariff and freight savings of 70 bps, partially offset by higher promotional activity of 70 bps and the effect of foreign currency fluctuations of 40 bps. Relative to 2021 when gross margin was 41.1%, the U.S. dollar appreciated, which has negatively impacted revenue and gross margin for the full year 2024 by approximately $50 million, or 390 bps of gross margin.

### Research and development

*(dollars in thousands)*

|  | Year ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 vs 2023 % Change | 2023 vs 2022 % Change |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Research and development | $153,338 | $145,939 | $122,420 | 5% | 19% |
| Stock-based compensation | 14,411 | 19,062 | 17,221 | (24) | 11 |
| Acquisition-related costs | 1,563 | — | — | 100 | — |
| Restructuring costs | 16,585 | 687 | 244 | 2,314 | 182 |
| Total research and development | $185,897 | $165,688 | $139,885 | 12% | 18% |
| Percentage of revenue | 23.2% | 17.0% | 12.8% |  |  |

*2024 Compared to 2023.* The year-over-year increase of $20.2 million, or 12.2%, in total research and development expense for full year of 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily driven by a $15.9 million increase in restructuring costs, and an $11.6 million increase in consulting and professional services primarily for development work on our next generation system-on-chip, partially offset by a $4.7 million decrease in stock-based compensation expense, and a $3.0 million decrease in allocated facilities, depreciation, and supporting overhead expenses.

### Sales and marketing

*(dollars in thousands)*

|  | Year ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 vs 2023 % Change | 2023 vs 2022 % Change |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Sales and marketing | $149,521 | $160,712 | $158,657 | (7)% | 1% |
| Stock-based compensation | 5,804 | 8,736 | 8,173 | (34) | 7 |
| Restructuring costs | 5,310 | 130 | 137 | 3,985 | (5) |
| Total sales and marketing | $160,635 | $169,578 | $166,967 | (5)% | 2% |
| Percentage of revenue | 20.0% | 16.9% | 15.3% |  |  |

*2024 Compared to 2023.* The year-over-year decrease of $8.9 million, or 5.3%, in total sales and marketing expense for the full year of 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily driven by a $4.8 million decrease in advertising and marketing expenses primarily attributable to online campaigns, partially offset by sponsorships and point of purchase display depreciation expense. The year-over-year decrease in total sales and marketing expense was also driven by a $3.9 million decrease in credit card fees from sales on GoPro.com, a $2.9 million decrease in stock-based compensation expense, and a $2.1 million decrease in allocated facilities, depreciation, and supporting overhead expenses, partially offset by a $5.2 million increase in restructuring costs.

### General and administrative

*(dollars in thousands)*

|  | Year ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 vs 2023 % Change | 2023 vs 2022 % Change |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| General and administrative | $49,671 | $51,211 | $49,152 | (3)% | 4% |
| Stock-based compensation | 7,574 | 11,726 | 11,792 | (35) | (1) |
| Acquisition-related costs | 789 | 822 | — | (4) | 100 |
| Restructuring costs | 1,762 | 11 | 77 | 15,918 | (86) |
| Total general and administrative | $59,796 | $63,770 | $61,021 | (6)% | 5% |
| Percentage of revenue | 8.0% | 6.3% | 5.4% |  |  |

*2024 Compared to 2023.* The year-over-year decrease of $4.0 million, or 6.2%, in total general and administrative expense in the full year of 2024 compared to the prior period was primarily driven by a $4.2 million decrease in stock-based compensation expense, a $4.0 million decrease in cash-based personnel-related costs, and a $1.2 million decrease in allocated facilities, depreciation, and supporting overhead expenses, partially offset by a $4.1 million increase in consulting and professional services, and a $1.8 million increase in restructuring costs.

### Restructuring costs

*Third quarter 2024 restructuring.* In August 2024, we approved a restructuring plan (the Original Restructuring Plan) and in October 2024, we approved an amended restructuring plan (the Updated Restructuring Plan). In connection with the Original Restructuring Plan and Updated Restructuring Plan, we reduced our global workforce by 25% compared to our headcount ending Q2 2024, and we recorded restructuring charges of $18.7 million including $12.7 million related to severance and $6.0 million of project cancellation costs.

*First quarter 2024 restructuring.* In March 2024, we approved a restructuring plan to reduce operating costs and drive stronger operating leverage by reducing our global workforce by approximately 4% and closing certain office space. Under the first quarter 2024 restructuring plan, we recorded restructuring charges of $2.3 million related to severance, $3.3 million related to a right-of-use asset impairment upon ceasing the use of part of our headquarters campus and $0.6 million related to office space charges. The right-of-use asset impairment charge was recorded as a restructuring expense, primarily in the operating expense financial statement line items in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The unused portion of our headquarters campus has its own identifiable expenses and is not dependent on other parts of our business, and thus was considered its own asset group. As a result, we impaired the carrying value of the related right-of-use asset to its estimated fair value using the discounted cash flows method. The discounted future cash flows were based on a discount rate based on the weighted-average cost of capital. As of December 31, 2024, we expect approximately $1.7 million of office space charges associated with the unused portion of our headquarters campus vacated as a result of the first quarter 2024 restructuring plan, which will be incurred over the underlying remaining lease term.

*First quarter 2022 restructuring.* In December 2022, we approved a restructuring plan to reduce camera production-related costs by globally realigning our manufacturing footprint to concentrate our production activities in two primary locations: China and Thailand. Under the fourth quarter 2022 restructuring, we recorded restructuring charges of $8.1 million including $7.0 million for camera production line closure costs and $1.1 million for related transitional costs to migrate production to our remaining manufacturing locations.

See Note 12 Restructuring charges, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

### Other income (expense)

*(dollars in thousands)*

|  | Year ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 vs 2023 % Change | 2023 vs 2022 % Change |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Interest expense | $(3,329) | $(4,699) | $(6,242) | (29)% | (25)% |
| Other income, net | 5,273 | 12,429 | 1,740 | (58) | 614 |
| Total other income (expense), net | $1,944 | $7,730 | $(4,502) | (75)% | (272)% |

*2024 Compared to 2023.* Total other income (expense), net was income of $1.9 million for the full year of 2024 compared to income of $7.7 million in the prior period. The year-over-year change of $5.8 million was primarily due to overall lower cash and investment balances resulting in a $5.2 million decrease in interest income and a $0.9 million increase in net foreign exchange rate-based losses, partially offset by a $1.4 million decrease in cash interest expense as we extinguished part of our 2025 Notes in the fourth quarter of 2023.

### Income taxes

*(dollars in thousands)*

|  | Year ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 vs 2023 % Change | 2023 vs 2022 % Change |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Income tax expense (benefit) | $299,222 | $(14,550) | $5,606 | (2,157)% | (360)% |

*2024 Compared to 2023.* We recorded an income tax expense of $299.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 on pre-tax net loss of $133.1 million. Our income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 primarily resulted from the establishment and the current year change in the valuation allowance on the United States federal and state net deferred tax assets, partially offset by a tax benefit on a pre-tax net loss, and the release of a portion of our uncertain tax positions as a result of a lapse in the statute of limitations in certain jurisdictions.

Our 2023 income tax benefit of $14.6 million primarily resulted from a tax benefit on a pre-tax net loss, and the federal and California research and development credits, partially offset by the nondeductible equity tax expense from stock-based compensation, and the impact of foreign operations, net of the release of a portion of our uncertain tax positions as a result of a lapse in the statute of limitations in certain jurisdictions.

See Note 9 Income taxes, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

### Quarterly results of operations

The following table sets forth our unaudited quarterly consolidated results of operations for each of the eight quarterly periods in the two-year period ended December 31, 2024.

*(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)*

|  | Three months ended Dec. 31, 2024 | Sept. 30, 2024 | Jun. 30, 2024 | Mar. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023 | Sept. 30, 2023 | Jun. 30, 2023 | Mar. 31, 2023 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | $200,882 | $258,898 | $186,224 | $155,469 | $295,420 | $294,299 | $241,020 | $174,720 |
| Gross profit | 69,701 | 91,846 | 56,710 | 53,038 | 101,095 | 94,204 | 75,772 | 52,502 |
| Operating expenses | 108,801 | 99,857 | 103,219 | 94,451 | 110,463 | 97,991 | 98,266 | 92,316 |
| Net loss | $(37,191) | $(8,211) | $(47,821) | $(339,088) | $(2,418) | $(3,684) | $(17,212) | $(29,869) |
| Net loss per share - basic and diluted | $(0.24) | $(0.05) | $(0.31) | $(2.24) | $(0.02) | $(0.02) | $(0.11) | $(0.19) |

### Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table presents selected financial information as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

*(dollars in thousands)*

|  | December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $102,811 | $222,708 |
| Marketable securities | — | 23,867 |
| Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities | $102,811 | $246,575 |
| Percentage of total assets | 19% | 25% |

Our primary source of cash is receipts from sales of our hardware products, and subscription and service. Other sources of cash are from proceeds from the issuance of convertible notes, employee participation in the employee stock purchase plan, the exercise of employee stock options, and facility subleases. Our primary uses of cash are for inventory procurement, payroll-related expenses, general operating expenses, including advertising, marketing, office rent, purchases of property and equipment, other costs of revenue, share repurchases, repurchases of convertible notes, acquisitions, interest, and taxes.

Our liquidity position has been historically impacted by seasonality, which is primarily driven by higher revenues during the second half of the year as compared to the first half. For example, net cash used in operating activities during the second half of 2024 was $27.3 million, compared to cash used in operating activities of $97.8 million during the first half of 2024.

As of December 31, 2024, our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities totaled $102.8 million. Our cash, net of the outstanding principal balance of the 2025 Notes, as of December 31, 2024, was $9.1 million. The overall cash used in operating activities of $125.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 was primarily attributable to a net loss of $432.3 million and net cash outflows from changes in our working capital of $30.0 million, partially offset by a deferred tax asset expense of $296.8 million, and net cash inflows from other non-cash expenses of $40.4 million. Working capital changes for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $30.0 million were the result of a decrease in accounts payable and other liabilities of $21.2 million, an increase in inventory of $14.5 million, and a decrease in deferred revenue of $0.8 million, partially offset by a decrease in accounts receivables of $5.3 million and a decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets of $1.1 million. As of December 31, 2024, $8.3 million of cash was held by our foreign subsidiaries.

### Convertible Notes

In November 2020, we issued $143.8 million aggregate principal amount of 2025 Notes in a private placement to purchasers for resale to qualified institutional buyers. In November 2023, we repurchased $50.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Notes, reducing the amount owed on the 2025 Notes to $93.8 million. The 2025 Notes mature on November 15, 2025, unless earlier repurchased or converted into shares of Class A common stock subject to certain conditions. Prior to August 15, 2025, the 2025 Notes are convertible at the option of the holder, at an initial conversion rate of 107.1984 shares of Class A common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 2025 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $9.3285 per share of common stock, subject to adjustment. Conversion will be settled in cash, shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, or a combination thereof, at the Company’s election. We pay interest on the 2025 Notes semi-annually, which is due on May 15 and November 15 of each year.

In connection with the offering of the 2025 Notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions with certain financial institutions (Capped Calls). We used $10.2 million of the net proceeds from the sale of the 2025 Notes to purchase the Capped Calls and $56.2 million of the net proceeds to repurchase $50.0 million of the $175.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2022 Notes, which we issued in April 2017. The remaining net proceeds were used for general corporate purposes.

As market and financial conditions warrant, we may, from time to time, repurchase our outstanding debt securities in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, by tender offer, by exchange transaction or otherwise. Such repurchases, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity and other factors and may be commenced or suspended at any time. The amounts involved and total consideration paid may be material.

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations related to the 2025 Convertible Notes as of December 31, 2024, and the expected timing of those payments:

*(in thousands)*

|  | Total | Next 12 Months | Beyond 12 Months |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Short-term and Long-term debt (1) | $94,922 | $94,922 | $— |

(1) Our convertible senior notes are due in November 2025. The balances include accrued and unpaid interest as of December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 5 Financing arrangements in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion regarding the 2025 Notes.

### Other Contractual Commitments

In the ordinary course of business, we enter into multi-year agreements to purchase sponsorships with event organizers, resorts, and athletes as part of our marketing efforts, software licenses related to our financial and IT systems, operating lease arrangements to support our operations in the U.S. and international locations, and various other contractual commitments. The following table summarizes our other contractual obligations as of December 31, 2024, and the expected timing of those payments:

*(in thousands)*

|  | Total | Next 12 Months | Beyond 12 Months |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Operating lease obligations (1) | $32,483 | $12,472 | $20,011 |
| Other contractual commitments | 124,420 | 60,665 | 63,755 |
| Total contractual cash obligations | $156,903 | $73,137 | $83,766 |

(1) Operating lease obligations exclude cash inflows from existing contractual facility subleases through the end of 2026.

See Note 10 Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees, for a discussion regarding facility leases and other contractual commitments in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

### Liquidity

The accompanying audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the continuity of operations, realization of assets, and liquidation of liabilities in the normal course of business. In the year ended December 31, 2024, our performance continued to be impacted by consumer related-macroeconomic issues resulting in a softer global consumer market, an increasingly global competitive landscape and the delay of our next generation 360-camera. During the year ended December 31, 2024, our revenue declined 20.3% from the prior year period which resulted in operating losses of $135.0 million and operating cash outflows of $125.1 million, including the payment of $12.6 million related to our 2024 restructuring plans. As of December 31, 2024, we had $102.8 million in cash and cash equivalents and an accumulated deficit of $681.6 million. The 2025 Notes with an outstanding principal of $93.8 million matures on November 15, 2025, unless earlier repurchased or converted at the option of the holder into shares of our Class A common stock under certain circumstances. We also had $44.8 million available to draw from our 2021 Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2024 and in the ordinary course of business, have drawn $25.0 million in February 2025.

We have considered and assessed our ability to continue as a going concern for at least 12 months from the issuance of these audited consolidated financial statements. Our assessment included the preparation of a cash flow forecast taking into account the restructuring actions already implemented in 2024. We considered additional actions within our control that we would implement, if necessary, to maintain liquidity and operations in the ordinary course of business including payment of the 2025 Notes upon maturity. The 2025 operational plan is structured to i) realize the savings in wages and benefits from the headcount reductions as part of our 2024 restructuring plans; ii) lower research and development costs from the completion of a next generation system-on-chip and rationalized product roadmap, and the reduction of sales and marketing expenses to a reduced level consistent with the business size; and iii) effectively manage working capital, specifically our intention to manage inventory levels to better align with our current run rates and seasonality of the business, and our intention to continue to effectively manage the collection of accounts receivables.

We estimate such actions will be sufficient to allow us to maintain liquidity and operations in the ordinary course, including payment of the 2025 Notes upon maturity on November 15, 2025, for at least 12 months from the issuance of these consolidated financial statements. While we estimate such actions will be sufficient to allow us to maintain liquidity and operations in the ordinary course for at least 12 months from the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, there can be no assurance we will generate sufficient future cash from operations. Factors that can impact our future cash generation include, but are not limited to, further inflation, rising interest rates, ongoing recessionary conditions or continued competition. If we are not successful in maintaining demand for our products or if macroeconomic conditions further constrain consumer demand, we may continue to experience adverse impacts to revenue and profitability. Additional actions within our control to maintain liquidity and operations include further reducing discretionary spending in all areas of the business and further headcount restructuring actions. In addition, we may need additional financing to execute on our current or future business strategy, and additional financing may not be available or on terms favorable to us.

### Summary of Cash Flow

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated:

*(in thousands)*

| Net cash provided by (used in): | Year ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2024 vs 2023 % Change | 2023 vs 2022 % Change |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Operating activities | $(125,141) | $(32,863) | $5,747 | 281% | (672)% |
| Investing activities | $7,653 | $121,902 | $(8,388) | (94)% | (1,553)% |
| Financing activities | $(929) | $(90,382) | $(173,269) | (99)% | (48)% |

### Cash flows from operating activities

Cash used in operating activities of $125.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 was primarily attributable to a net loss of $432.3 million and net cash outflows from changes in our working capital of $30.0 million, partially offset by a deferred tax asset expense of $296.8 million, and net cash inflows from other non-cash expenses of $40.4 million. Working capital changes for the year ended December 31, 2024 of $30.0 million were the result of a decrease in accounts payable and other liabilities of $21.2 million, an increase in inventory of $14.5 million, and a decrease in deferred revenue of $0.8 million, partially offset by a decrease in accounts receivables of $5.3 million, and a decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets of $1.1 million.

### Cash flows from investing activities

Cash provided by investing activities of $7.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 was primarily attributable to maturities of marketable securities of $24.0 million, partially offset by $12.3 million of net cash used to acquire Forcite Helmet Systems, and net purchases of property and equipment of $4.0 million.

### Cash flows from financing activities

Cash used in financing activities of $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 was primarily attributable to $3.1 million in tax payments for net restricted stock unit (RSU) settlements, partially offset by $2.2 million of cash inflows from stock purchases made through our employee stock purchase plan.

### Indemnifications

The information set forth under Note 10 Commitments, contingencies, and guarantees in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption Indemnifications is incorporated herein by reference.

### Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that can significantly impact the amounts we report as assets, liabilities, revenue, costs, and expenses and the related disclosures. Note 1 Summary of business and significant accounting policies, to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K describes the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. We base our estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Our actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding our historical and future performance as these policies involve a greater degree of judgment and complexity. Our senior management has reviewed these critical accounting policies and related disclosures with the Audit Committee of our board of directors.

### Revenue recognition

We derive substantially all of our revenue from the sale of cameras, mounts, accessories, subscription and service, and implied post contract support to customers. We recognize revenue when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The transaction price we expect to be entitled to is primarily comprised of product revenue, net of returns and variable consideration, which includes sales incentives provided to customers.

Our camera sales contain multiple performance obligations that can include the following four separate obligations: (i) a camera hardware component (which may be bundled with hardware accessories) and the embedded firmware essential to the functionality of the camera component delivered at the time of sale, (ii) a subscription and service, (iii) the implied right for the customer to receive post contract support after the initial sale (PCS), and (iv) the implicit right to our downloadable free apps and software solutions. PCS includes the right to receive, on a when and if available basis, future unspecified firmware upgrades and features as well as bug fixes, and email, chat, and telephone support. Judgment is required to properly identify the units of accounting for our camera sales arrangements.

For the sales of our hardware products, including related firmware and free software solutions, revenue is recognized when transfer of control occurs at a point in time, which generally is at the time the product is shipped and when collection is considered probable. For customers who purchase hardware products directly from GoPro.com, we retain a portion of the risk of loss on these sales during transit, which are accounted for as fulfillment costs. Subscription and service revenue is recognized primarily from our Premium+, Premium and Quik subscription offerings sold on GoPro.com and the Quik mobile app, and is recognized ratably over the subscription term, with any payments received in advance of services being rendered recorded in deferred revenue.

For our camera sale arrangements with multiple performance obligations, revenue is allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. Standalone selling prices are based on observable prices at which we separately sell our products, and subscription and service. If a standalone selling price is not directly observable, then we estimate the standalone selling prices considering market conditions and entity-specific factors. For example, the standalone selling price for PCS is determined based on a cost-plus approach, which incorporates the level of support provided to customers, estimated costs to provide our support, and the amount of time and cost that is allocated to our efforts to develop the undelivered elements. While changes in the allocation of the transaction price among the performance obligations will not affect the amount of total revenue ultimately recognized for a particular camera sale arrangement, any significant change in these allocations could impact the timing of revenue recognition, which could have a material effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Our standard terms and conditions for non-web-based sales do not allow for product returns other than under warranty. However, we grant limited rights to return product for certain large retailers. Estimates of expected future product returns are recognized at the time of sale based on analyses of historical return trends by customer class and other factors. An estimated return liability along with a right to recover assets are recorded for future product returns. Return trends are influenced by product life cycles, new product introductions, market acceptance of products, product sell-through, the type of customer, seasonality, and other factors. Return rates may fluctuate over time, but are sufficiently predictable to allow us to estimate expected future product returns. Actual returns in any future period could differ from our estimates, which could impact the revenue that we report.

We provide our customers with sales incentives through various programs, including cooperative advertising, price protection, marketing development funds and other incentives. Sales incentives are considered to be variable consideration, which we estimate and record as a reduction to revenue at the date of sale. Sales incentives are influenced by historical experience, product sell-through and other factors. Actual sales incentives and their impact on reported revenue could differ from our estimates.

### Inventory valuation

Inventory consists of finished goods and component parts, and is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a first-in, first-out basis. Our inventory balances were $120.7 million and $106.3 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our assessment of market value requires the use of estimates regarding the net realizable value of our inventory balances, including an assessment of excess or obsolete inventory. We determine excess or obsolete inventory based on multiple factors, including market conditions, an estimate of the future demand for our hardware products within a specified time horizon (generally 12 months), hardware product life cycle status, hardware product development plans and current sales levels.

### Income taxes

We are subject to income taxes in the United States and multiple foreign jurisdictions. Our effective tax rates differ from the United States federal statutory rate, primarily due to changes in our valuation allowance, the effect of non-United States operations, deductible and non-deductible stock-based compensation expense, state taxes, federal and state research and development tax credits and other adjustments. Our effective tax rate was negative 224.8%, positive 21.5%, and positive 16.3% in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The calculation of our provision for income taxes involves the use of estimates, assumptions and judgments while taking into account current tax laws, our interpretation of current tax laws and possible outcomes of future tax audits. We review our tax positions quarterly and adjust the balances as new information becomes available.

Each quarter, we assess the realizability of our existing deferred tax assets under ASC Topic 740. We assess available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to realize our deferred tax assets. In the assessment period ending March 31, 2024, we concluded based on the introduction of negative evidence resulting from developments in the first quarter of 2024, such as increased and accelerated costs associated with our future product strategy and roadmap, an increased competitive environment, integration and product development costs related to the acquisition of Forcite Helmet Systems, restructuring costs and other negative factors, that it was more likely than not that our United States federal and state deferred tax assets would not be realizable. Therefore, in the period ended March 31, 2024, after consideration of our deferred tax liabilities and recent developments, we recorded a net valuation allowance of $294.9 million on United States federal and state deferred tax assets. This determination was also based, in part, on our revised expectation that our projections of pre-tax losses in 2024 and future years will cause us to be in a cumulative GAAP loss for ASC Topic 740 purposes in 2024 and forward. In the assessment for the period ended December 31, 2024, we concluded that it remains more likely than not that we will not be able to realize our deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2024, the total valuation allowance on United States federal and state net deferred tax assets was $327.4 million. We will continue to monitor our future financial results, expected projections and their potential impact on our assessment regarding the recoverability of our deferred tax asset balances and in the event there is a need to release the valuation allowance, a tax benefit would be recorded. Our foreign deferred tax assets in each jurisdiction are supported by taxable income or in the case of acquired companies, by the future reversal of deferred tax liabilities. It is more likely than not that our foreign deferred tax assets will be realized and thus, a valuation allowance is not required on our foreign deferred tax assets.

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has a two-pillar solution to address tax challenges arising from the digitalization of the economy. This two-pillar solution includes the Pillar Two Model Rules (Pillar Two), which defines global minimum tax rules and includes a 15% minimum tax rate. Various countries have started to enact new laws related to Pillar Two, including certain new laws effective beginning in 2024. Based on our analysis as of December 31, 2024, Pillar Two has no material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

*Uncertain tax positions.* We recognize tax benefits from uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. We file annual income tax returns in multiple taxing jurisdictions around the world and a number of years may elapse before an uncertain tax position is audited by the relevant tax authorities and finally resolved. We have established reserves to address potential exposures related to tax positions that could be challenged by tax authorities. While it is often difficult to predict the final outcome or the timing of resolution of any particular uncertain tax position and we can provide no assurance that the final tax outcome of these matters will not be materially different, we believe that we have adequately reserved for our uncertain tax positions.

Our future effective tax rates could be adversely affected if actual earnings are different than our estimates, by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets or liabilities, outcomes resulting from income tax examinations, or by changes or interpretations in tax laws, regulations, or accounting principles.

### Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets

We perform an annual assessment of our goodwill during the fourth quarter of each calendar year or more frequently if indicators of potential impairment exist, such as an adverse change in business climate, declines in market capitalization or a decline in the overall industry demand, that would indicate it is more likely than not that the fair value of our single reporting unit is less than the carrying value. If we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of our single reporting unit is less than the carrying value, we measure the amount of impairment as the amount the carrying value of our single reporting unit exceeds the fair value, up to the carrying value of goodwill, by using a discounted cash flow method and market approach method.

Although our market capitalization further declined in the fourth quarter of 2024, we do not believe that it is more likely than not that the fair value of our single reporting unit is less than the carrying value. Using the market capitalization approach, which we would expect to be similar to the discounted cash flow method, the fair value of our single reporting unit is estimated based on the trading price of our stock at the test date, which is further adjusted by an acquisition control premium representing the synergies a market participant would obtain when obtaining control of the business. As of December 31, 2024, the market capitalization exceeded the carrying value of our single reporting unit by 10%, which was not adjusted for an acquisition control premium which would further increase the percentage the fair value exceeded the carrying value.

The estimated fair value of our single reporting unit is sensitive to the volatility in our stock price. For example, a 5% decrease in our December 31, 2024 stock price would result in our market capitalization exceeding the carrying value of our single reporting unit by 6%, which is not adjusted for an acquisition control premium. If our market capitalization continues to decline or future performance falls below our current expectations, assumptions, or estimates, including assumptions related to current macroeconomic uncertainties, this may trigger a future material non-cash goodwill impairment charge, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations in the reporting period in which a charge would be necessary. We are required to perform impairment tests when it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value. Given current market conditions and the fact that the market capitalization is a key component, we will continue to monitor our forecasts and market capitalization to determine if a quantitative test is necessary prior to our next annual assessment.

### Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Recent Accounting Pronouncements in Note 1 Summary of business and significant accounting policies, to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

### Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We report net income (loss) and diluted net income (loss) per share in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and on a non-GAAP basis. We additionally report non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA. Gross margin percentage is also presented on a constant currency basis to show performance unaffected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates. We calculate constant currency amounts by translating current period amounts at the prior period’s average exchange rate and compare that to current period performance. We use non-GAAP financial measures to help us understand and evaluate our core operating performance and trends, to prepare and approve our annual budget, and to develop short-term and long-term operational plans. Our management uses and believes that investors benefit from referring to these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our operating results. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation from, or as an alternative to, the measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, and are not based on any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles. We believe that these non-GAAP measures, when read in conjunction with our GAAP financials, provide useful information to investors by facilitating:

- the comparability of our on-going operating results over the periods presented;
- the ability to identify trends in our underlying business; and
- the comparison of our operating results against analyst financial models and operating results of other public companies that supplement their GAAP results with non-GAAP financial measures.

These non-GAAP financial measures have limitations in that they do not reflect all of the amounts associated with our results of operations as determined in accordance with GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

- adjusted EBITDA does not reflect income tax expense (benefit), which may change cash available to us;
- adjusted EBITDA does not reflect interest income (expense), which may reduce cash available to us;
- adjusted EBITDA excludes depreciation and amortization and, although these are non-cash charges, the property and equipment being depreciated and amortized often will have to be replaced in the future, and adjusted EBITDA does not reflect any cash capital expenditure requirements for such replacements;
- adjusted EBITDA excludes the amortization of point of purchase (POP) display assets because it is a non-cash charge, and is treated similarly to depreciation of property and equipment and amortization of acquired intangible assets;
- adjusted EBITDA and non-GAAP net income (loss) exclude restructuring and other related costs which primarily include severance-related costs, stock-based compensation expenses, manufacturing consolidation charges, facilities consolidation charges recorded in connection with restructuring actions, including right-of-use asset impairment charges (if applicable), and the related ongoing operating lease cost of those facilities recorded under ASC 842, *Leases*. These expenses do not reflect expected future operating expenses and do not contribute to a meaningful evaluation of current operating performance or comparisons to the operating performance in other periods;
- adjusted EBITDA and non-GAAP net income (loss) exclude stock-based compensation expense related to equity awards granted primarily to our workforce. We exclude stock-based compensation expense because we believe that the non-GAAP financial measures excluding this item provide meaningful supplemental information regarding operational performance. In particular, we note that companies calculate stock-based compensation expense for the variety of award types that they employ using different valuation methodologies and subjective assumptions. These non-cash charges are not factored into our internal evaluation of non-

GAAP net income (loss) as we believe their inclusion would hinder our ability to assess core operational performance;

- adjusted EBITDA and non-GAAP net income (loss) excludes a gain on insurance proceeds because it is not reflective of ongoing operating results in the period, and the frequency and amount of such gains vary;
- adjusted EBITDA and non-GAAP net income (loss) excludes any gain or loss on the extinguishment of debt because it is not reflective of ongoing operating results in the period, and the frequency and amount of such gains and losses vary;
- non-GAAP net income (loss) excludes acquisition-related costs including the amortization of acquired intangible assets (primarily consisting of acquired technology), the impairment of acquired intangible assets (if applicable), as well as third-party transaction costs incurred for legal and other professional services. These costs are not factored into our evaluation of potential acquisitions, or of our performance after completion of the acquisitions because these costs are not related to our core operating performance or reflective of ongoing operating results in the period, and the frequency and amount of such costs vary significantly based on the timing and magnitude of our acquisition transactions and the maturities of the businesses being acquired. Although we exclude the amortization of acquired intangible assets from our non-GAAP net income (loss), management believes that it is important for investors to understand that such intangible assets were recorded as part of purchase accounting and can contribute to revenue generation;
- non-GAAP net income (loss) excludes a gain on the sale and/or license of intellectual property. This gain is not related to our core operating performance or reflective of ongoing operating results in the period, and the frequency and amount of such gains are inconsistent;
- non-GAAP net income (loss) exclude non-cash interest expense. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2020-06 in fiscal year 2022, we were required to recognize non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of a debt discount associated with our 2022 Notes and 2025 Notes in accordance with the prior authoritative accounting guidance for convertible debt that may be settled in cash. From fiscal year 2022 and onwards, this debt discount accounting requirement was removed, and as a result, non-cash interest expense will no longer be a reconciling item between GAAP and non-GAAP net income (loss);
- non-GAAP net income (loss) includes income tax adjustments. In the first quarter of 2024, we revised our income tax adjustments to reflect the current and deferred income tax expense (benefit) and the effect of non-GAAP adjustments to better align with SEC guidance. For comparative purposes, we have revised the prior year income tax adjustments to reflect current and deferred income tax expense (benefit) and the effect of non-GAAP adjustments. Additionally, in the second quarter of 2024, we revised the first quarter of 2024 income tax adjustment to exclude the establishment of a valuation allowance on the United States federal and state deferred tax assets;
- GAAP and non-GAAP net income (loss) per share includes the dilutive, tax effected cash interest expense associated with our 2025 Notes in periods of net income, as if converted at the beginning of the period; and
- other companies may calculate these non-GAAP financial measures differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.

The following tables present a reconciliation of net income (loss) to adjusted EBITDA:

*(in thousands)*

|  | Three months ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Net loss | $(37,191) | $(2,418) |
| Income tax benefit | (2,403) | (2,988) |
| Interest (income) expense, net | 279 | (707) |
| Depreciation and amortization | 1,781 | 1,159 |
| POP display amortization | 1,635 | 734 |
| Stock-based compensation | 5,199 | 10,031 |
| Gain on insurance recovery | (1,130) | — |
| Gain on extinguishment of debt | — | (3,092) |
| Restructuring and other costs | 17,471 | 548 |
| Adjusted EBITDA | $(14,359) | $3,267 |

*(in thousands)*

|  | Year ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net income (loss) | $(432,311) | $(53,183) | $28,847 | $371,171 | $(66,783) |
| Income tax expense (benefit) | 299,222 | (14,550) | 5,606 | (281,071) | 4,826 |
| Interest (income) expense, net | (1,388) | (5,233) | 3,131 | 22,678 | 19,993 |
| Depreciation and amortization | 6,491 | 6,160 | 8,570 | 10,962 | 19,065 |
| POP display amortization | 5,123 | 2,015 | 2,055 | 2,759 | 4,176 |
| Stock-based compensation | 29,132 | 41,479 | 38,991 | 38,650 | 29,963 |
| Gain on insurance recovery | (1,130) | — | — | — | — |
| (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt | — | (3,092) | — | — | 5,389 |
| Restructuring and other costs | 23,222 | (913) | 7,554 | 2,649 | 26,571 |
| Adjusted EBITDA | $(71,639) | $(27,317) | $94,754 | $167,798 | $43,200 |

53

The following tables present a reconciliation of net income (loss) to non-GAAP net income (loss):

*(in thousands, except per share data)*

|  | Three months ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| Net loss | $(37,191) | $(2,418) |
| Stock-based compensation | 5,199 | 10,031 |
| Acquisition-related costs | 462 | 822 |
| Restructuring and other costs | 17,471 | 548 |
| Gain on insurance recovery | (1,130) | — |
| Gain on extinguishment of debt | — | (3,092) |
| Income tax adjustments (1) | 771 | (1,733) |
| Non-GAAP net income (loss) | $(14,418) | $4,158 |
| Non-GAAP net income (loss) - basic | $(14,418) | $4,158 |
| Add: Interest on convertible notes, tax effected\* | — | 499 |
| Non-GAAP net income (loss) - diluted | $(14,418) | $4,657 |
| GAAP diluted net loss per share | $(0.24) | $(0.02) |
| Non-GAAP diluted net income (loss) per share | $(0.09) | $0.03 |
| GAAP shares for basic and diluted net loss per share | 155,091 | 151,078 |
| Add: Effect of non-GAAP dilutive securities | — | 13,541 |
| Non-GAAP shares for diluted net income (loss) per share | 155,091 | 164,619 |
| \* Reflects the use of the if-converted method for our convertible notes, effective January 1, 2022 due to the adoption of ASU 2020-06. |  |  |

(1) In the first quarter of 2024, we revised the non-GAAP income tax adjustments to reflect current and deferred income tax expense (benefit) and the effect of non-GAAP adjustments to better align with SEC guidance. For comparative purposes, we have revised our prior period income tax adjustments to reflect current and deferred income tax expense (benefit) and the effect of non-GAAP adjustments. Additionally, in the second quarter of 2024, we revised the first quarter of 2024 income tax adjustment to exclude the establishment of a valuation allowance on United States federal and state deferred tax assets.

### Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

*(in thousands)*

|  | Year ended December 31, 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net income (loss) | $(432,311) | $(53,183) | $28,847 | $371,171 | $(66,783) |
| Stock-based compensation | 29,132 | 41,479 | 38,991 | 38,650 | 29,963 |
| Acquisition-related costs | 2,352 | 822 | 47 | 1,152 | 4,598 |
| Restructuring and other costs | 23,222 | (913) | 7,554 | 2,649 | 26,571 |
| Non-cash interest expense | — | — | — | 14,208 | 10,366 |
| Gain on sale and/or license of intellectual property | (999) | — | — | — | — |
| Gain on insurance recovery | (1,130) | — | — | — | — |
| (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt | — | (3,092) | — | — | 5,389 |
| Income tax adjustments (1) | 9,317 | (5,372) | (10,271) | (27,494) | (881) |
| Non-GAAP net income (loss) | $(370,417) | $(20,259) | $65,168 | $400,336 | $9,223 |
| GAAP net income (loss) - basic | $(432,311) | $(53,183) | $28,847 | $371,171 | $(66,783) |
| Add: Interest on convertible notes, tax effected\* | — | — | 3,055 | — | — |
| GAAP net (income) loss - diluted | $(432,311) | $(53,183) | $31,902 | $371,171 | $(66,783) |
| Non-GAAP net income (loss) - basic | $(370,417) | $(20,259) | $65,168 | $400,336 | $9,223 |
| Add: Interest on convertible notes, tax effected\* | — | — | 3,055 | — | — |
| Non-GAAP net income (loss) - diluted | $(370,417) | $(20,259) | $68,223 | $400,336 | $9,223 |
| GAAP diluted net income (loss) per share | $(2.82) | $(0.35) | $0.18 | $2.27 | $(0.45) |
| Non-GAAP diluted net income (loss) per share | $(2.42) | $(0.13) | $0.38 | $2.45 | $0.06 |
| GAAP shares for basic net income (loss) per share | 153,113 | 153,348 | 156,181 | 154,274 | 149,037 |
| Add: Effect of dilutive securities | — | — | 22,098 | 8,904 | — |
| GAAP shares for diluted net income (loss) per share | 153,113 | 153,348 | 178,279 | 163,178 | 149,037 |
| Add: Effect of non-GAAP dilutive securities | — | — | — | — | 3,096 |
| Non-GAAP shares for diluted net income (loss) per share | 153,113 | 153,348 | 178,279 | 163,178 | 152,133 |
| \* Reflects the use of the if-converted method for our convertible notes, effective January 1, 2022 due to the adoption of ASU 2020-06. |  |  |  |  |  |

(1) In the first quarter of 2024, we revised the non-GAAP income tax adjustments to reflect current and deferred income tax expense (benefit) and the effect of non-GAAP adjustments to better align with SEC guidance. For comparative purposes, we have revised our prior period income tax adjustments to reflect current and deferred income tax expense (benefit) and the effect of non-GAAP adjustments. Additionally, in the second quarter of 2024, we revised the first quarter of 2024 income tax adjustment to exclude the establishment of a valuation allowance on United States federal and state deferred tax assets.

## Market risk

As filed, 3,417 characters.

We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. These risks primarily include foreign currency and interest rate risks as follows:

**Foreign currency risk.** Revenue generated from GoPro.com is denominated in U.S. dollars and various foreign currencies. Revenue generated from our international distributor and retail sales channels is generally priced in U.S. dollars, however we typically evaluate and adjust our international selling prices to reflect local exchange rate fluctuations. The strength of the U.S. dollar relative to other foreign currencies has negatively impacted revenue, gross margin and net income (loss) per share due to our sales outside of the United States by approximately $50 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 relative to 2021 foreign currency rates. To date, the majority of our inventory purchases have been denominated in our functional currency of the U.S. dollar. Our operations outside of the United States hold foreign denominated cash balances and incur a majority of their operating expenses in foreign currencies. We therefore have foreign currency risk related to these currencies, which are primarily the Euro, British pound, Australian dollar, Japanese yen, Romanian leu and Canadian dollar. Changes in exchange rates, and in particular, a weakening of foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar will negatively affect our revenue and operating income as expressed in U.S. dollars.

To date, we have not entered into any foreign currency exchange contracts or derivatives, and we will continue to reassess our approach to manage our risk relating to fluctuations in currency rates. The volatility of exchange rates depends on many factors that we cannot forecast with reliable accuracy.

**Interest rate risk.** Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates primarily relates to our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities. Our cash equivalents and marketable securities have comprised of money market funds, U.S. treasury securities, commercial paper, government securities and corporate debt securities. The primary objectives of our investment activities are to preserve principal and provide liquidity without significantly increasing risk. Our cash and cash equivalents are held for working capital purposes. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes. Due to the nature of our investment portfolio, we do not believe that an immediate 10% shift in interest rates would have a material effect on the fair value of our investment portfolio.

The fair value of our 2025 Convertible Senior Notes (2025 Notes) is subject to interest rate risk, market risk and other factors due to the conversion feature. The capped calls that were entered into concurrently with the issuance of our 2025 Notes were completed to reduce the potential dilution from the conversion of the 2025 Notes. The fair value of the 2025 Notes will generally increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. In addition, the fair value of the 2025 Notes will generally increase as our Class A common stock price increases and will generally decrease as our Class A common stock price declines. The interest and market value changes affect the fair value of the 2025 Notes but do not impact our financial position, cash flows or results of operations due to the fixed nature of the debt obligation.

## Controls and procedures

As filed, 3,250 characters.

### Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2024. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2024, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

### Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Our management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on that assessment, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2024. The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears herein.

### Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rules 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the three months ended December 31, 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

### Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

Our management, including the CEO and CFO, recognizes that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting cannot prevent or detect all possible instances of errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs.

Filed Mar 17, 2025.
Source: SEC EDGAR, the filing index for accession 0001628280-25-013046. Last ingested by Listed: Oct 27, 2026, 16:17 ET. No prices; not investment advice.