Light & Wonder, Inc.: Form 10-Q for the period ended Sep 30, 2024

The following discussion is intended to enhance the reader’s understanding of our operations and current business environment from management’s perspective and should be read in conjunction with the description of our business included under *Part I, Item 1 “*Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” and *Part II, Item 1A “*Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and under *Part I, Item 1 “*Business,” *Item 1A “*Risk Factors” and *Part II, Item 7 “*Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our 2023 10-K.

This “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” (“MD&A”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and should be read in conjunction with the disclosures and information contained and referenced under “Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and “Risk Factors” included in our 2023 10-K. As used in this MD&A, the terms “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” mean L&W together with its consolidated subsidiaries.

BUSINESS OVERVIEW

We are a leading cross-platform global games company with a focus on content and digital markets. Our portfolio of revenue-generating activities primarily includes supplying game content and gaming machines, CMSs and table game products and services to licensed gaming entities; providing social casino and other mobile games, including casual gaming, to retail customers; and providing a comprehensive suite of digital gaming content, distribution platforms and player account management systems, as well as various other iGaming content and services.

As more fully described in *Part I, Item 1 “*Business” in our 2023 10-K, we are executing on our strategy to become a leading cross-platform global games company with a focus on content and digital markets. We report our results of operations in three business segments—Gaming, SciPlay and iGaming—representing our different products and services. See “Business Segments Results” below and Note 3 for additional business segment information.

We maintained strong momentum in the third quarter of 2024, delivering another quarter of double-digit consolidated revenue growth year-over-year, and refinanced our LNWI Term Loan B, lowering our interest rate by 50 basis points and reducing our annualized interest costs by approximately $11 million, all while continuing our advancement toward our long-term financial targets. We also repurchased approximately 2.3 million shares of common stock at an aggregate cost of $221 million (including excise tax) during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

On September 23, 2024, we received an order from the U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada granting Aristocrat a preliminary injunction on future sales and distribution of our Dragon Train -themed games. We are executing a number of key initiatives to mitigate the immediate impact and any continuing business disruption from this order, including but not limited to, leveraging our diversified portfolio of successful game franchises, as well as the development of new iterations of the Dragon Train franchise consistent with the terms of the Court’s ruling. Our estimated impact of the preliminary injunction on our consolidated revenue for 2025 and beyond is not expected to be material.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS

($ in millions)

30

Revenue

Gaming revenue growth of 15% for both the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2024 was primarily driven by global Gaming machine sales growth of 38% and 33% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, coupled with continued strength in Gaming operations as well as the success of our diversified portfolio of successful game franchises.

SciPlay revenue increased 5% and 8% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily due to increased average revenue per daily active user and average monthly revenue per paying user. Average revenue per daily active user grew 8% and 11% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, while average monthly revenue per paying user increased 6% and 12% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

The increase in iGaming revenue of 6% and 9% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, was driven primarily by continued momentum in the North American and European markets as well as strong content launches.

Operating Expenses

($ in millions)

Cost of Revenue

Total cost of revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased as a direct result of higher revenue as described above, driven by $29 million and $59 million, respectively, in higher cost of products revenue primarily associated with higher gaming machine sales. Total cost of services for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was relatively flat compared to the prior year period, while the total cost of services for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased $3 million due to higher cost of services correlated with SciPlay and iGaming segments revenue growth.

SG&A

SG&A increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the prior year periods. The increase was driven by higher salaries and benefits, excluding stock-based compensation, of $13 million and $32 million, respectively, and higher marketing expenses primarily associated with the SciPlay segment of $7 million and $22 million, respectively.

R&D

R&D increased for both periods, primarily due to higher salaries and benefits in our Gaming and SciPlay segments.

D&A

D&A for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased primarily due to fully amortized intangible assets related to certain of our legacy trade names associated with our Gaming segment. Additionally, the nine months ended September 30, 2023 included an impairment charge of $5 million related to SciPlay restructuring of a certain foreign studio.

Restructuring and Other

The increases in restructuring and other for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 were primarily due to $34 million and $66 million, respectively, associated with charges related to certain legal matters, which were partially offset by lower professional services and other costs related to strategic review and related transactions. The three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 included $3 million in costs associated with the SciPlay Merger, and the nine months ended September 30, 2023 included $7 million in professional services associated with the ASX listing.

Other Factors Affecting Net Income Attributable to L&W

(in millions)

Foreign Currency Exchange (F/X)

Our results are impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates used in the translation of foreign functional currencies into USD and the re-measurement of foreign currency transactions or balances. The impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations represents the difference between current rates and prior-period rates applied to current activity. Our exposure to foreign currency volatility on revenue is as follows:

($ in millions)

BUSINESS SEGMENT RESULTS (for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023)

GAMING

Our Gaming business segment designs, develops, manufactures, markets and distributes a comprehensive portfolio of gaming content, products and services. We provide our Gaming portfolio of products and services to commercial casinos, Native American casinos, wide-area gaming operators such as LBOs, arcade and bingo operators in the U.K. and continental Europe, and government agencies and their affiliated operators.

We generate Gaming revenue from both services and product sales. Our services revenue includes revenue earned from Participation gaming machines, other leased gaming machines (including VLTs and electronic table games), supplied table products and services (including Shufflers), casino management technology solutions and systems, and other services revenues. Our product sales revenue includes the sale of new and used gaming machines, electronic table games, VLTs and VGTs, casino-management technology solutions and systems, table products, proprietary table game licensing, conversion kits (including game, hardware or operating system conversions) and spare parts.

For additional information, refer to the Gaming primary business activities summary included within “Business Segment Results” under Item 7 of our 2023 10-K.

Current Year Update

The increase in Gaming revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the prior year period, was primarily driven by continued global Gaming machine sales growth of 38% and 33%, respectively, coupled with Gaming Operations growth of 5% and 4%, respectively, driven by growth in U.S. and Canada installed base and higher average daily revenue per unit. The increase in Gaming revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 also benefited from Systems growth, which increased 8%. Our growth is driven by the continued strength and success of our diversified portfolio of successful game franchises, including HUFF N’ PUFF®, ULTIMATE FIRE LINK®, INVADERS! ATTACK FROM THE PLANET MOOLAH®, FRANKENSTEINTM, our hit Asian-themed games 88 FORTUNES® and DANCING DRUMS®, stepper favorites QUICK HIT® and BLAZING 777®, and the success of our COSMIC® and KASCADA® cabinets. While demand remains strong, we are actively monitoring any impact of inflationary pressures and macroeconomic uncertainty that may impact our operations. We are also monitoring for any potential disruptions in our supply chain, such as those due to armed conflicts or hostilities, and we increase our inventory positions when deemed necessary to mitigate any expected or unexpected delays and fulfill customer orders timely. On September 23, 2024, we received an order from the U.S. District Court for the District of Nevada granting Aristocrat a preliminary injunction on future sales and distribution of our Dragon Train-themed games. We are executing a number of key initiatives to mitigate the immediate impact and any continuing business disruption from this order, as described in the “Business Overview” section above.

Results of Operations and KPIs

Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

33

($ in millions, except per unit amounts)

Gaming Operations

Gaming operations revenue growth was driven by strong game performance of hit franchises, including our premium games. Gaming operations for U.S. and Canada had a 2,116-unit increase in installed base for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, along with an increase in average daily revenue per unit of $0.41 and $1.40 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. Average daily revenue per unit for International units increased by $1.10 and $0.21 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. International ending installed base units decreased by 1,016 units primarily due to the expected closure of certain LBOs in the U.K., removals in Greece, and the reduction of certain low-yielding units in Latin America.

Gaming Machine Sales

Gaming machine sales revenue increased primarily due to higher sales of replacement units globally as operator capital spending remained at healthy levels and casino opening and expansion activity increased internationally.

The following table summarizes Gaming machine sales changes:

Operating Expenses and AEBITDA

Operating expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased by $44 million and $58 million, respectively, as compared to the corresponding prior year periods, primarily due to $28 million and $55 million, respectively, in higher costs of revenue associated with the increase in revenue as described above, $6 million and $25 million, respectively, in higher SG&A, and $9 million and $18 million respectively, in higher R&D. Increases in operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were offset by decreases in D&A of $32 million.

AEBITDA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the prior year periods, increased by $32 million and $98 million, respectively, which is primarily related to increased revenue. AEBITDA as a percentage of revenue (“AEBITDA margin”) decreased by 1 percentage point to 50% for the three months ended September 30, 2024, and remained at 50% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

SCIPLAY

Our SciPlay business segment is a leading developer and publisher of digital games on mobile and web platforms. SciPlay operates primarily in the social gaming market, which is characterized by gameplay online or on mobile devices that is social, competitive and self-directed in pace and session length. SciPlay also operates in the hyper-casual space, which is characterized by simpler core loops and more repetitive gameplay than casual games. SciPlay generates a substantial portion of its revenue from in-app purchases in the form of coins, chips and cards, which players can use to play slot games, table games or bingo games. Players who install SciPlay’s social games typically receive free coins, chips or cards upon the initial launch of the game and additional free coins, chips or cards at specific time intervals. Players may exhaust the coins, chips or cards that they receive for free and may choose to purchase additional coins, chips or cards in order to enhance gameplay. Once obtained, coins, chips and cards (either free or purchased) cannot be redeemed for cash nor exchanged for anything other than game play within SciPlay’s apps. SciPlay generates additional revenue through advertising arrangements in SciPlay’s hyper-casual games, which was not material for the periods presented. Players who install SciPlay’s hyper-casual games receive free, unlimited gameplay that requires viewing of periodic in-game advertisements.

SciPlay currently offers a variety of social casino games, including JACKPOT PARTY® Casino, QUICK HIT® Slots, GOLD FISH® Casino, 88 FORTUNES® Slots, MONOPOLY Slots and HOT SHOT CASINO®. SciPlay continues to pursue its strategy of expanding into the online and mobile games market. Current casual game titles include BINGO SHOWDOWN® and BACKGAMMON LIVE as well as other titles in the hyper-casual space, including games such as CANDY CHALLENGE 3D, BOSS LIFE and DEEP CLEAN INC. 3D. SciPlay continually develops and tests various new games. SciPlay’s social casino games typically include slots-style game play and occasionally include table games-style game play, while its casual games blend solitaire-style or bingo game play with adventure game features and its hyper-casual games include many simple core loop mechanics. All of SciPlay’s games are offered and played across multiple platforms, including APPLE, GOOGLE, FACEBOOK, AMAZON and MICROSOFT. SciPlay launched a proprietary direct-to-consumer in-app purchase platform during 2023, with the goals of improving players’ experience and reducing costs of revenue given the lower payment processing fees and other related expenses for in-app purchases made through the proprietary platform, as compared to the platform fee charged by third-party platforms. Revenue generated via the proprietary direct-to-consumer platform continues to increase and represented approximately 10% of total SciPlay revenue for the first nine months of 2024. In addition to original game content, SciPlay’s content library includes recognizable game content across our other platforms within Gaming and iGaming. This content allows players who like playing land-based game content to enjoy some of those same titles in SciPlay’s free-to-play games.

Current Year Update

SciPlay continues to deliver strong results and elevated payer engagement. Revenue growth was 5% and 8% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, which was primarily attributable to the revenue generated by Quick Hit Slots, Jackpot Party Casino, 88 Fortunes and Gold Fish Casino. SciPlay continues to deploy strategic game updates, utilize enhanced analytics, pursue international expansion and benefit from the proprietary direct-to-consumer platform.

We have a significant portion of SciPlay personnel located in Tel Aviv, Israel. In light of current circumstances in Israel, we are actively monitoring developments and are ready to redirect resources as needed to minimize impact on SciPlay operations. We do not have servers or infrastructure that are located in Israel that host our games. While we have not yet seen an impact on our business from current events, they could negatively affect the performance of the personnel in that area and have an adverse impact on our business if these events continue and/or escalate.

Results of Operations and KPIs

Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

(1) Other represents $25 million and $61 million in revenue generated via our proprietary direct-to-consumer platform for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, along with advertising and other revenue, which were not material for the periods presented.

(in millions unless otherwise noted)

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, revenue increased as average monthly revenue per paying user increased 6% and 12%, respectively, while social casino payer engagement remained elevated.

Mobile penetration decreased by 11 and 10 percentage points for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, primarily reflecting growing revenue generated via our proprietary direct-to-consumer platform, with a majority of players continuing to use mobile platforms to play SciPlay’s games.

Average MAU and average MPU for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 decreased due to the turnover in users. ARPDAU increased as a function of higher player monetization with a slight decrease in average DAU. AMRPPU increased, with payer conversion remaining relatively constant, as SciPlay continues to improve content and features resulting in increased paying player interaction.

Payer conversion rates continue to be at high levels due to consistent payer interaction with the games as a result of SciPlay’s focus on introducing new content, features and live events in games.

Operating Expenses and AEBITDA

The increase in operating expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to prior year periods, was primarily driven by higher marketing spend of $6 million and $19 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, higher salaries and benefit costs (including stock-based compensation) of $8 million related to an increase in headcount, partially offset by lower restructuring and other of $4 million and lower D&A of $4 million.

AEBITDA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased as compared to prior year periods by $5 million and $24 million, respectively, and AEBITDA margin increased by 1 percentage point to 32% and 2 percentage points to 32%, respectively, primarily due to revenue growth, as discussed above, including growth from our proprietary direct-to-consumer platform which generates higher margin, partially offset by the increase in operating costs resulting from increases in marketing spend and salaries and benefits.

iGAMING

Our iGaming business segment provides a comprehensive suite of digital gaming content, distribution platforms and player account management systems, as well as various other iGaming content and services. The majority of our revenue is derived from casino-style game content, including a wide variety of internally developed and branded games as well as popular third-party provider games. These games are made available to iGaming operators via content aggregation platforms, including Open Gaming System, remote gaming servers and various other platforms. We also provide our Open Platform System, a player account management system which offers a wide range of reporting and administrative functions and tools providing operators full control over all areas of digital gaming operations. Generally, we host the play of our game content which is integrated with the online casino operators’ websites.

Current Year Update

We continue to expand our customer base and capitalize on growth in the North American and European markets by leveraging our industry leading platforms, content and solutions, as well as investing in our ability to scale our own original U.S. land-based content offering. In the second quarter of 2024, we went live in Rhode Island, increasing our U.S. presence to seven states, and we are well positioned to enter additional states as their legislatures authorize online gaming.

Results of Operations

Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

The increases in iGaming revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 were 6% and 9%, respectively, as compared to the prior year periods. The prior year periods also benefited from $3 million and $5 million, respectively, in license termination fees, which impacted revenue growth by 4% and 2% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The momentum in the international and U.S. markets remain strong due to our original content and growth in our partner network. Wagers processed through our Open Gaming System for both current year periods increased to $22.8 billion and $67.0 billion, respectively.

Operating expenses increased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the prior year periods. The increases were primarily due to higher costs of revenue, correlated with the increase in revenue described above, and SG&A totaling $4 million and $15 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, partially offset by lower restructuring and other costs as compared to the prior year periods, including the fair value adjustment of contingent acquisition considerations of $10 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

AEBITDA decreased slightly and increased slightly for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, as compared to the prior year periods. AEBITDA margin decreased to 32% and 33% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, due to continuing investments in growth initiatives. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, AEBITDA benefited from $3 million and $5 million, respectively, in license termination fees, which impacted AEBITDA growth by 12% and 7% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE

We do not expect that any recently issued accounting guidance will have a significant effect on our consolidated financial statements.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

For a description of our policies regarding our critical accounting estimates, see “Critical Accounting Estimates” in *Item 7 “*Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our 2023 10-K.

There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting estimate policies or the application of those policies to our condensed consolidated financial statements from those presented in *Item 7 “*Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our 2023 10-K.

LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND WORKING CAPITAL

Cash and Available Liquidity

As of September 30, 2024, our principal sources of liquidity, other than cash flows provided by operating activities, were cash and cash equivalents as well as amounts available under the LNWI Revolver.

Cash and Available Revolver Capacity

(in millions)

Total cash held by our foreign subsidiaries was $143 million and $166 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. We believe that substantially all cash held outside the U.S. is free from legal encumbrances or similar restrictions that would prevent it from being available to meet our global liquidity needs.

Our Gaming operations generally require significant upfront capital expenditures, and we may need to incur additional capital expenditures in order to retain or increase market share and continue our product investments. Other capital requirements for the near term primarily include debt principal and interest payments and also include purchase obligations and supply contracts, license agreement minimum guaranteed payments and lease obligations. For certain Dragon Train game sales in which control of the units have transferred to a customer, but the title transfer is pending until the final payment, we have elected to designate future collections as restricted cash until the resolution of the Aristocrat legal matter. The outstanding balance associated with these arrangements as of September 30, 2024 was approximately $40 million. There have been no material changes to our capital requirements disclosed in our 2023 10-K, other than those associated with our repricing of the LNWI Term Loan B, as described below and in Note 10.

Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness and other obligations depends on our ability to generate cash in the future. We may, from time to time, repurchase or otherwise repay, retire or refinance our debt, through our subsidiaries or otherwise. In the event we pursue significant acquisitions or other expansion opportunities, or conduct significant repurchases of our outstanding securities, we may need to raise additional capital. If we do not have adequate liquidity to support these activities, we may be unable to obtain financing for these cash needs on favorable terms or at all. For additional information regarding our cash needs and related risks, see “Risk Factors” under Part I, Item 1A in our 2023 10-K.

On June 11, 2024, our Board of Directors approved a new share repurchase program under which the Company is authorized to repurchase, from time to time through June 12, 2027, up to an aggregate amount of $1.0 billion of shares of our outstanding common stock. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we repurchased approximately 0.4 million shares of common stock at an aggregate cost of $45 million (including excise tax). During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we repurchased approximately 2.3 million shares of common stock at an aggregate cost of $221 million (including excise tax), of which 0.4 million shares with an aggregate cost of $45 million were under the new June 2024 share repurchase program.

On January 16, 2024 and July 17, 2024, we amended the LNWI Credit Agreement and reduced the applicable margin on the LNWI Term Loan B. Following the July 2024 amendment, the interest rate for the Term Loan B is either (i) the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate (as defined in the LNWI Credit Agreement) plus 2.25% per annum or (ii) a base rate plus 1.25% per annum.

Cash Flow Summary

(in millions)

Cash flows from operating activities

(in millions)

Net cash provided by operating activities increased primarily due to a $35 million increase in earnings (drivers of which are described above), mostly offset by changes in working capital accounts. Changes in working capital accounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were negatively impacted by the timing of collection of receivables as well as $13 million in higher payments on contingent acquisition considerations.

Cash flows from investing activities

Net cash used in investing activities increased primarily due to higher capital expenditures in order to support Gaming operations growth. Capital expenditures are composed of investments in systems, equipment and other assets related to contracts, property and equipment, intangible assets and software.

Cash flows from financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities increased, as more purchases of our outstanding common stock under our share repurchase programs and increases in net redemptions of common stock under stock-based compensation plans during the current year period were partially offset by lower payments related to long-term debt and licenses. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we repurchased $219 million and $145 million, respectively, of our common stock.

Credit Agreement and Other Debt

For additional information regarding the LNWI Credit Agreement and other debt, interest rate risk and interest rate hedging instruments, see Notes 15 and 16 and *Item 7A “*Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in our 2023 10-K as well as Notes 10 and 11 and Item 3 below in this Form 10-Q.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2024, we did not have any significant off-balance sheet arrangements.

Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates and commodity prices. The following describes our financial instruments which expose us to market risk.

Interest Rate Risk

As of September 30, 2024, the face value of long-term debt was $3.9 billion, including $2.2 billion of variable rate obligations that fluctuate based on SOFR. Assuming a constant outstanding balance for our variable-rate long-term debt and excluding the impact of interest rate swap contracts, a hypothetical 1% change in interest rates would result in interest expense changing by approximately $22 million. All of our interest rate sensitive financial instruments are held for purposes other than trading.

In April 2022, we entered into interest rate swap contracts to hedge a portion of our interest expense associated with our variable rate debt and effectively fix the interest rate that we pay. The objective of our interest rate swap contracts, which are designated as cash flow hedges of the future interest payments, is to eliminate the variability of cash flows attributable to the SOFR component of interest expense to be paid on a portion of our variable rate debt. These hedges mature in April 2027.

For additional information regarding our long-term debt and interest rate swap contracts, see Notes 10 and 11, respectively.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as required by Exchange Act Rule 3a-15(b) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of September 30, 2024.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed under *Item 1A “*Risk Factors” included in our 2023 10-K, except as noted below.

The intellectual property rights of others, including our competitors, may prevent us from developing new products and services, entering new markets or may expose us to liability or costly litigation.

Our success depends in part on our ability to continually adapt our products and systems to incorporate new technologies and to expand into markets that may be created by new technologies. If technologies are protected by the intellectual property rights of our competitors or other third parties, we may be prevented from introducing products based on these technologies or expanding into markets created by these technologies. If the intellectual property rights of others prevent us from taking advantage of innovative technologies, our prospects, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition may be adversely affected.

We cannot assure that our business activities, games, products, services and systems will not infringe upon the proprietary rights of others, or that other parties will not assert infringement claims against us. In addition to infringement claims, third parties may allege claims of invalidity or unenforceability against us or against our licensees or manufacturers in connection with their use of our technology. A successful challenge to, or invalidation of, one of our intellectual property interests, a successful claim of infringement by a third party against us, our products or services, or one of our licensees in connection with the use of our technologies, or an unsuccessful claim of infringement made by us against a third party or its products or services could adversely affect our business or cause us financial harm. Any such claim and any resulting litigation, such as the Dragon Train litigation described under “Aristocrat Matter” in Note 15, could:

• be expensive and time-consuming to defend or require us to pay significant amounts in damages;
• invalidate our proprietary rights;
• cause us to cease making, licensing or using products or services that incorporate the challenged intellectual property;
• require us to redesign, reengineer or rebrand our products or services or limit our ability to bring new products and services to the market in the future;
• require us to enter into costly or burdensome royalty, licensing or settlement agreements in order to obtain or retain the right to use a product, process or component;
• impact the commercial viability of the products and services that are the subject of the claim during the pendency of such claim;
• impact our brand, reputation and/or ability to attract and retain key personnel; and/or
• require us by way of injunction to remove products or services on lease or stop selling or leasing new products or services.