Callaway Golf Co: Form 10-Q for the period ended Mar 31, 2025
Filed with the SEC on May 12, 2025 and accepted by EDGAR at May 12, 2025, 16:46 ET.
Management's discussion and analysis
As filed, 48,457 characters, with its headings, lists and tables. Extracted from the main document; charts and exhibits are in the original on sec.gov.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear elsewhere in this report, and the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which was filed with the SEC on March 3, 2025. Interim operating results are not indicative of operating results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025, or any other future periods. See “Important Notice to Investors Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” on page 2 of this report. References to the “Company,” “Topgolf Callaway Brands,” “we,” “our,” or “us” in this report refer to Topgolf Callaway Brands Corp., together with our wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Intent to Separate into Two Independent Companies
In September 2024, we announced a strategic plan to pursue a separation of our business into two independent companies: Callaway, a leader in golf equipment with a highly complementary Active Lifestyle business; and Topgolf, a pure-play venue-based golf entertainment business which we believe has potential for high growth. Our Board of Directors is committed to exploring all opportunities to execute the separation in a manner that maximizes shareholder value, including possible options such as a spin-off, sale, or other transaction. We expect to complete the separation of Topgolf in the second half of 2025, but there can be no assurance regarding the ultimate timing, terms, or form of the separation, or that the separation will ultimately occur.
We believe that creating two companies will result in material benefits to the stand-alone businesses that will maximize shareholder value, including enhanced strategic focus, optimized capital allocation, simplified operating structure and a distinct investment thesis for each company that would allow investors to have the opportunity to support and invest in each business on the basis of its distinct qualities.
Sale of Jack Wolfskin
On April 10, 2025, we announced that we entered into a definitive agreement to sell 100% of the outstanding equity interests of Callaway Germany Holdco GmbH, which owns various entities that operate the Jack Wolfskin business, to Anca Holdco GmbH & Co. KG, a subsidiary of ANTA Sports Products Limited, for $290.0 million in cash, subject to adjustments for net working capital and other customary conditions. We expect for the transaction to close in the late second quarter or early third quarter of 2025, subject to the satisfaction of certain specified closing conditions, including the receipt of certain regulatory approvals.
Discussion of Non-GAAP Measures
In addition to the financial results contained in this report, which have been prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), we have also included supplemental information concerning our financial results on a non-GAAP basis. This non-GAAP information includes the following:
- A constant currency measure on net revenues in order to demonstrate the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on these results. This information represents an estimate for comparative purposes and is calculated by taking current period local currency results and translating them into U.S. dollars based on the foreign currency exchange rates for the applicable comparable prior period.
- Net income and diluted earnings per share excluding the non-cash amortization of purchase accounting adjustments associated with acquired intangible assets, including acquired customer and distributor relationships and acquired developed technology related to our merger with Topgolf, acquisitions of Jack Wolfskin, TravisMathew and OGIO, and distribution rights in the Korea apparel market (collectively, the “Acquisitions”). While the amortization of these assets is excluded from our calculation of non-GAAP net income, the revenue, operating costs and associated acquired assets that contribute to the revenue generation associated with these acquired companies is reflected in our calculation of non-GAAP net income.
- Net income and diluted earnings per share excluding certain non-cash and non-recurring charges, as further detailed below.
- Same venue sales, which is defined as sales for the comparable Topgolf venue base, which includes Company-owned and operated venues with 24 or more full fiscal months of operations as of the year of comparison.
We have included information in this report to reconcile non-GAAP information for the periods presented to the most directly comparable GAAP information. Non-GAAP information in this report should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for any measure derived in accordance with GAAP and may also be inconsistent with the manner in which similar measures are derived or used by other companies. We use such non-GAAP information for financial and operational decision-making purposes and as a means to evaluate the underlying performance of our business and/or in forecasting our business. We believe that the presentation of such non-GAAP information, when considered in conjunction with the most directly comparable GAAP information, provides additional useful information for investors in their assessment of the underlying performance of our business.
Operating Segments and Seasonality
We are a technology-enabled modern golf company offering golf entertainment, golf equipment, and apparel under our portfolio of global brands which includes Topgolf, Callaway Golf, Odyssey, TravisMathew, Jack Wolfskin, OGIO and Toptracer. Our products and brands are reported under our Topgolf, Golf Equipment, and Active Lifestyle operating segments.
Topgolf
Our Topgolf operating segment is primarily comprised of Company-owned and operated domestic and international Topgolf venues, which are equipped with technology-enabled hitting bays, multiple bars, dining areas and event spaces. Our Company-owned and operated venues also offer advertising partnerships to corporate sponsors to feature their names and logos at Topgolf venues and on other media platforms. Revenue from Company-owned and operated venues is primarily derived from the sale of food and beverage, gameplay, and events. As of March 31, 2025, we had 100 Company-owned and operated venues, including 96 Topgolf venues throughout the United States, and four Company-operated venues in the United Kingdom. In addition to our Company-owned and operated venues, we also have eight international franchised Topgolf venues from which we receive royalties.
Our Topgolf operating segment also includes other business lines comprised of our Toptracer ball-flight tracking technology as well Topgolf Media. Toptracer ball-flight tracking technology is used by independent driving ranges and during televised golf broadcasts, as well as in many of our Company-owned and operated and franchised Topgolf venues in order to enhance the Topgolf gaming experience.
Operating results for our Topgolf operating segment fluctuate from quarter to quarter due to seasonal factors. Historically, our venues experience higher second and third quarter revenues associated with the spring and summer, while the first and fourth quarters have historically had lower revenues, with the first quarter being the lowest, due to cooler temperatures and fewer corporate events. Adverse weather may impact the results of operations of Topgolf, especially during peak season.
Revenue growth and profitability related to our Topgolf venues are also impacted by the opening of new venues and growth at existing venues measured by same venue sales, which is a key performance indicator used within our industry and is indicative of acceptance of our initiatives as well as local economic and consumer trends.
Golf Equipment
Our Golf Equipment operating segment is comprised of Callaway Golf-branded woods, hybrids, irons, wedges, Odyssey putters, packaged sets, and Callaway Golf and Strata-branded golf balls, as well as the sale of pre-owned golf clubs. Our golf equipment products are designed to be technologically advanced for golfers of all skill levels, from beginner to professional.
Operating results for our Golf Equipment segment fluctuate due to seasonal factors, as the game of golf is primarily played on a seasonal basis in most of the regions where we conduct business. Weather conditions generally restrict golf from being played throughout the entire year, with the exception of a few markets, resulting in many of our on-course customers closing during the cold weather months. In general, we launch new products for the new golf season during the first quarter of the year. This initial sell-in period typically continues into the second quarter, while third-quarter sales are generally dependent on reorders and may also include smaller new product launches. Fourth-quarter sales are generally less than the other quarters due to the end of the golf season in many of our key regions. In addition to this seasonality, our golf equipment sales may also be impacted by other factors, including the timing of new product introductions. As a result of these factors, a majority of our Golf Equipment sales, and most, if not all, of the profitability from our Golf Equipment operating segment generally occurs during the first half of the year.
Active Lifestyle
Our Active Lifestyle operating segment is comprised of Callaway Golf, TravisMathew, Jack Wolfskin and OGIO soft goods products. The Callaway Golf soft goods brand offers a full line of premium golf apparel, footwear, gear and accessories. TravisMathew offers a full line of premium golf and lifestyle apparel as well as footwear and accessories. Under the Jack Wolfskin brand, we offer a full line of premium outdoor apparel, gear and accessories. The OGIO brand offers a full line of premium personal storage gear for sport and personal use and accessories. On certain soft goods products, we receive royalties from the licensing of our trademarks and service marks. On April 10, 2025, we announced that we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Jack Wolfskin business, as discussed above.
Sales of Callaway Golf-branded golf apparel and accessories generally follow the same seasonality as golf equipment, and are therefore generally higher during the first half of the year. Sales of TravisMathew-branded products are more evenly spread throughout the year as the product line is generally lifestyle focused and not dependent on the seasonality of golf, while Jack Wolfskin-branded product sales are higher during the second half of the year due to sales of its outerwear product lines which are more in demand during the cold-weather months.
For further information about our segments, see Note 16 “Segment Information” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
Current Economic Conditions
Macroeconomic Factors
Our products and services are considered to be non-essential items and are therefore discretionary purchases for consumers. In addition, our Topgolf venues business also depends on corporate discretionary spending relative to its leisure and entertainment-based offerings. As a result, demand for our products could be impacted by downturns in the economy and the corresponding impact on discretionary consumer and corporate spending. Macroeconomic factors including sustained inflation and high interest rates continue to put downward pressure on consumer and corporate discretionary spending. While we generally try to mitigate the impact of such macroeconomic factors by closely monitoring changes in consumer retail spending behavior and through the implementation of various strategic initiatives, the persistence of these trends may have an adverse impact on our operating results depending on the severity and length of the changes.
Tariffs
In April 2025, the U.S. government announced a 10% baseline tariff on all countries and individualized reciprocal higher tariffs on the countries with which the U.S. has the largest trade deficits. These actions, as well as retaliatory tariffs imposed by other countries on U.S. exports, have led to significant volatility and uncertainty in global markets. The U.S. government has also announced and rescinded multiple tariffs on several foreign jurisdictions, which has increased uncertainty regarding the ultimate effect of tariffs on economic conditions. Increases in tariffs, as well as current uncertainties about tariff levels levied by the U.S. and other governments, may increase the costs for, and impact the availability of, our products, product components and raw materials, a significant amount of which we source from outside of the United States, including Vietnam, Taiwan, Mexico, Bangladesh and other regions. Further, retaliatory tariffs may increase the costs of selling our products in foreign jurisdictions. As a result of tariff costs, we may need to raise our prices to pass costs on to customers, which may not be possible, or may decrease customer demand for our products. The near- and long-term impacts from these tariffs on our business are difficult to predict and depend on the amount, duration, scope and nature of the increases. We are currently assessing the impact of these higher proposed tariffs on our business and are looking for ways to mitigate these higher costs, including continuing to optimize operations and accelerating existing cost reduction and margin improvement programs. Nonetheless, the increases in U.S. and other countries’ tariffs could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations, including as a result of higher inflation in the markets in which we operate, an economic slowdown or general economic uncertainty.
Foreign Currency
A significant portion of our business is conducted outside of the United States in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Therefore, we enter into foreign currency forward contracts to mitigate the effects that changes in foreign currency rates may have on our financial results. While these foreign currency forward contracts can mitigate the effects of changes in foreign currency rates in the short-term, they do not eliminate those effects, which can be significant, and they do not mitigate their effects over the long-term. These effects include (i) the translation and remeasurement of results denominated in foreign currency into U.S. dollars for reporting purposes, (ii) the mark-to-market adjustments of certain intercompany balance sheet accounts denominated in foreign currencies and (iii) the mark-to-market adjustments of our foreign currency forward contracts. In general, our overall financial results are affected positively by a weaker U.S. dollar and negatively by a stronger U.S. dollar as compared to the foreign currencies in which we conduct our business. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, foreign currency fluctuations had an unfavorable impact of $8.9 million on international net revenues.
Inflation
Sustained inflationary pressure partially contributed to the increase in the cost of our products as well as operating costs. While we were able to partially offset these inflationary pressures by increasing the price of our products and services and through cost management initiatives, the length and severity of these conditions are unpredictable, and could be further exacerbated by the proposed increase in tariffs as discussed above. Should conditions persist and/or worsen, such inflationary pressures may have a further adverse effect on our operating results. Further, we may not be able to offset these increased costs through price increases. As a result, our cash flows and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Results of Operations
Net Revenues and Operating Segment Results (in millions, except percentages)
Net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025 decreased $51.9 million or 4.5% (3.8% on a constant currency basis) as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in Topgolf same venue sales, the impact of right-sizing the Jack Wolfskin business and unfavorable foreign currency exchange rates. Segment operating income increased $10.6 million or 9.7% driven by increases in our Golf Equipment and Active Lifestyle operating segments, partially offset by a decline in our Topgolf operating segment.
| Net revenues: | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | 2024 | Growth/(Decline) Dollars | Percent | Non-GAAP Constant Currency Growth vs. 2024(1) Percent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Venues | $380.1 | $405.7 | $(25.6) | (6.3)% | (6.3)% |
| Other business lines | 13.6 | 17.1 | (3.5) | (20.5)% | (19.9)% |
| Topgolf | 393.7 | 422.8 | (29.1) | (6.9)% | (6.8)% |
| Golf clubs | 340.0 | 345.9 | (5.9) | (1.7)% | (0.5)% |
| Golf balls | 103.7 | 104.0 | (0.3) | (0.3)% | 0.6% |
| Golf Equipment | 443.7 | 449.9 | (6.2) | (1.4)% | (0.3)% |
| Apparel | 152.3 | 159.6 | (7.3) | (4.6)% | (3.2)% |
| Gear, accessories, & other | 102.6 | 111.9 | (9.3) | (8.3)% | (6.9)% |
| Active Lifestyle | 254.9 | 271.5 | (16.6) | (6.1)% | (4.7)% |
| Total net revenues | $1,092.3 | $1,144.2 | $(51.9) | (4.5)% | (3.8)% |
| Segment operating income: | |||||
| Topgolf | $(11.9) | $2.9 | $(14.8) | (510.3)% | |
| Golf Equipment | 101.6 | 82.1 | 19.5 | 23.8% | |
| Active Lifestyle | 30.6 | 24.7 | 5.9 | 23.9% | |
| Total segment operating income | 120.3 | 109.7 | 10.6 | 9.7% | |
| Unallocated other corporate expenses(2) | (53.8) | (42.8) | (11.0) | 25.7% | |
| Total operating income | 66.5 | 66.9 | (0.4) | (0.6)% | |
| Interest expense, net | (58.0) | (58.8) | 0.8 | (1.4)% | |
| Other income, net | 3.1 | 3.4 | (0.3) | (8.8)% | |
| Total income before income taxes | $11.6 | $11.5 | $0.1 | 0.9% | |
| (1) Calculated by applying 2024 exchange rates to 2025 reported sales in regions outside the United States. | |||||
| (2) Unallocated other corporate expenses items include corporate general and administrative expenses not utilized by management in determining segment profitability, including non-cash amortization expense of intangible assets in connection with the acquisitions and non-recurring costs as discussed above. |
Topgolf
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, Topgolf net revenues decreased $29.1 million (6.9%) and segment operating income decreased $14.8 million compared to the same period in 2024. The decrease in Topgolf net revenues was primarily due to a decline in same venue sales due to softer walk-in traffic and a weaker events business, partially offset by the opening of new Company-owned and operated venues since the first quarter of 2024. The decrease in segment operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was primarily due to the decrease in net revenues discussed above, partially offset by lower operational costs from ongoing cost reduction initiatives, management of labor costs and other operational efficiencies.
Golf Equipment
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, Golf Equipment net revenues decreased $6.2 million (1.4%) and segment operating income increased $19.5 million (23.8%) compared to the same period in 2024. The decrease in net revenues was primarily due to a more competitive launch environment resulting from all four of the large equipment manufacturers launching a full new woods lineup in the first quarter, as expected. The increase in segment operating income was primarily due to higher gross margins as a result of favorable pricing and product mix, combined with a decline in operating expenses due to the recognition of a gain related to a lease termination incentive in the first quarter of 2025.
Active Lifestyle
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, Active Lifestyle net revenues decreased $16.6 million (6.1%) and segment operating income increased $5.9 million (23.9%) compared to the same period in 2024. The decrease in net revenues was primarily due to a decline in Jack Wolfskin wholesale revenue combined with the impact from certain retail store closures resulting from the planned rightsizing of the business in Europe, partially offset by continued growth in China. The increase in segment operating income was primarily due to overall operational leverage improvements from cost reduction efforts combined with the recognition of a gain related to a lease termination incentive gain in the first quarter of 2025, both of which more than offset the decrease in revenue.
Net revenues by major geographic region for the periods presented below were as follows (in millions, except percentages):
| Net revenues: | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | 2024 | Growth/(Decline) Dollars | Percent | Non-GAAP Constant Currency Growth vs. 2024 Percent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | $790.4 | $829.0 | $(38.6) | (4.7)% | (4.7)% |
| Europe | 130.1 | 141.4 | (11.3) | (8.0)% | (6.0)% |
| Asia | 128.8 | 127.6 | 1.2 | 0.9% | 4.0% |
| Rest of World | 43.0 | 46.2 | (3.2) | (6.9)% | (2.2)% |
| Total net revenues | $1,092.3 | $1,144.2 | $(51.9) | (4.5)% | (3.8)% |
Net revenues from our Topgolf operations are primarily concentrated in the United States and Europe, with the United States being our principal market. We sell our Golf Equipment products and Callaway Golf and OGIO Active Lifestyle products in the United States and internationally, with our principal international regions being Europe and Asia. Active Lifestyle revenues from our TravisMathew and Jack Wolfskin operations are largely concentrated in the United States and Europe, respectively.
United States
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, net revenues in the United States decreased $38.6 million (4.7%) compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 due to decreases in same venue sales at Topgolf and the expected decrease in sales of golf equipment. These decreases were partially offset by incremental revenues from the opening of new Company-owned and operated venues at Topgolf.
Europe
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, net revenues in Europe decreased $11.3 million (8.0%) compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to the right-sizing of the Jack Wolfskin business.
Asia
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, net revenues in Asia increased $1.2 million (0.9%) compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to an increase in sales in the Jack Wolfskin business in China, partially offset by continued soft market conditions in the golf equipment and apparel markets in Korea combined with the impact of unfavorable foreign currency exchange rates in Japan and Korea.
Rest of World
During the three months ended March 31, 2025, net revenues in Rest of World decreased by $3.2 million (6.9%) compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to a decrease in sales of golf equipment and soft good products in Canada and Australia.
Foreign Currency
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable impact of $8.9 million on international net revenues.
Costs and Expenses (in millions, except percentages)
| Costs and expenses: | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | 2024 | Growth/(Decline) Amount | Percent |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of products | $385.7 | $412.9 | $(27.2) | (6.6)% |
| Cost of services, excluding depreciation and amortization | 39.1 | 41.6 | (2.5) | (6.0)% |
| Other venue expense | 321.2 | 323.4 | (2.2) | (0.7)% |
| Selling, general and administrative expense | 257.9 | 273.0 | (15.1) | (5.5)% |
| Research and development expense | 21.3 | 23.2 | (1.9) | (8.2)% |
| Venue pre-opening costs | 0.6 | 3.2 | (2.6) | (81.3)% |
| Total costs and expenses | $1,025.8 | $1,077.3 | $(51.5) | (4.8)% |
Cost of Products
Cost of products is variable in nature and fluctuates relative to sales volumes. Cost of products includes raw materials and component costs, direct labor and manufacturing overhead, inbound freight, duties and shipping charges, depreciation and amortization, and retail merchandise costs for products sold in retail shops within Topgolf venue facilities. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, cost of products decreased $27.2 million (6.6%) compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decreases were primarily due to a decline in sales in our Active Lifestyle operating segment, partially offset by lower product costs in the Golf Equipment operating segment.
Cost of Services, excluding Depreciation and Amortization
Cost of services, excluding depreciation and amortization (“cost of services”), primarily includes the cost of food and beverages sold in our Topgolf venues and certain costs associated with Topgolf’s Toptracer license agreements that are primarily classified as sales-type leases. Food and beverage costs are variable in nature, fluctuate relative to sales volume, and are impacted by product mix and commodity pricing. Cost of services excludes employee costs as well as depreciation and amortization. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, cost of services decreased $2.5 million (6.0%) compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to the decline in sales year-over-year.
Other Venue Expense
Other venue expenses primarily consist of depreciation and amortization, venue employee costs, rent, utilities, marketing and other costs associated with Topgolf venues. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, other venue expenses decreased $2.2 million (0.7%) compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to operational efficiencies in the venues, partially offset by incremental costs from the addition of new Company-owned and operated Topgolf venues since March 31, 2024.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense
Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses primarily consist of non-venue employee costs, advertising and promotional expense, legal and professional fees, tour expenses, travel expenses, building and rent expenses, depreciation charges (excluding those related to manufacturing, distribution and venue operations), amortization and other miscellaneous expenses. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, SG&A expenses decreased $15.1 million (5.5%) compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily related to a $12.1 million gain recognized from a lease termination incentive in the first quarter of 2025, in addition to lower employee benefits and payroll-related costs due to a decrease in corporate headcount, and a decrease in selling and marketing costs primarily related to cost reduction efforts. These decreases were partially offset by the recognition of a $7.0 million impairment loss on assets held for sale associated with our Jack Wolfskin business.
Research and Development Expense
Research and development expenses are comprised of costs to design, develop, test or improve our products and technology, and primarily include employee costs of personnel engaged in research and development activities, research costs and depreciation expense. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, research and development expenses decreased $1.9 million (8.2%) compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to reduced employee costs as a result of selling the WGT business in the fourth quarter of 2024 and reduced headcount from our restructuring initiatives.
Venue Pre-Opening Costs
Venue pre-opening costs are primarily related to the costs associated with activities prior to the opening of new Company-owned and operated Topgolf venues, and consist of, but are not limited to, labor, rent and occupancy costs, and travel and marketing expenses. These costs fluctuate based on the planned timing, size and location of new venues. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, venue pre-opening costs decreased $2.6 million (81.3%) compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 due to fewer planned venue openings in 2025.
Other Income and Expense (in millions, except percentages)
| Other income and expenses: | Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 | 2024 | Growth/(Decline) Dollars | Percent |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interest expense, net | $(58.0) | $(58.8) | $0.8 | (1.4)% |
| Other income, net | 3.1 | 3.4 | (0.3) | (8.8)% |
| Total other expense, net | $(54.9) | $(55.4) | $0.5 | (0.9)% |
Interest expense, net increased $0.8 million (1.4%) during the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to an increase in venue financing interest as the result of the addition of new Topgolf venues, partially offset by decreased interest expense on our term loan as a result of the debt repricing that took place during the first quarter of 2024, combined with lower outstanding balances.
Other income, net decreased $0.3 million (8.8%) during the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to an increase in net losses on foreign currency transactions, a loss on debt repricing recognized in the first quarter of 2024 that did not recur, and the receipt of dividends in our money market accounts.
Income Taxes
The provision for income tax increased $4.5 million to $9.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $5.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. As a percentage of pre-tax income, our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 increased to 81.6% compared to 43.3% in the comparable period of 2024. The increase in our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was primarily associated with stock compensation adjustments and the estimated loss on assets held for sale related to our Jack Wolfskin business, which we expect will not be deductible for income tax purposes. Our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was impacted due to tax adjustments related to stock-based compensation and the establishment of valuation allowances on certain deferred tax assets.
Net Income, Diluted Earnings Per Share and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures
The following table presents a reconciliation of our GAAP results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 to our non-GAAP results for the same periods (in millions, except per share information):
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 Net Income | Diluted Earnings per share (3) | Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 Net Income | Diluted Earnings per share (3) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GAAP | $2.1 | $0.01 | $6.5 | $0.04 |
| Less: Non-cash amortization of acquired intangibles (1) | (2.2) | (0.01) | (2.2) | (0.01) |
| Less: Non-recurring items (2) | (16.0) | (0.09) | (5.7) | (0.03) |
| Non-GAAP | $20.3 | $0.11 | $14.4 | $0.08 |
| GAAP and Non-GAAP diluted weighted-average shares outstanding | 183.5 | 184.4 | ||
| (1) Includes the amortization of acquired intangible assets, including customer and distributor relationships, reacquired distribution rights and acquired developed technology related to our Acquisitions. While the amortization of acquired intangible assets is excluded from our calculation of non-GAAP net income, the revenue, operating costs and acquired assets that contribute to the revenue generation for these acquired companies is reflected in our calculation of non-GAAP net income. The non-cash depreciation and amortization associated with purchase accounting adjustments stemming from the Acquisitions is excluded from our non-GAAP adjustments. Prior period amounts have been recast in order to conform with the current period presentation. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, non-cash depreciation and amortization related to these purchase accounting adjustments was $1.9 million. | ||||
| (2) For 2025, amounts primarily include a $7.0 million impairment charge on assets held for sale and $1.1 million of additional costs related to the planned sale of the Jack Wolfskin business, $7.7 million of restructuring and reorganization charges consisting of employee termination and severance costs and disposals of property, plant and equipment related to the Transformation Plan and $2.6 million of consulting, legal and accounting costs in connection with the planned separation of Topgolf. For 2024, amounts primarily include $5.7 million in total charges associated with our 2024 debt repricing, which include the write-off of certain deferred costs, in addition to IT costs related to a 2023 cybersecurity incident and acquisition-related IT integration and implementation costs. | ||||
| (3) Diluted earnings per share is calculated using the if-converted method, which excludes interest expense related to the Convertible Notes from the calculation of net income in periods where income is reported. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, Non-GAAP diluted weighted-average shares outstanding exclude the impact of the Convertible Notes, which were anti-dilutive for the period. |
On a GAAP basis, net income decreased to $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Diluted earnings per share was $0.01 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to $0.04 for the same period in 2024. The $4.4 million decrease in net income for the three months ending March 31, 2025 was mainly due to a $4.5 million increase in the income tax provision combined with additional charges related to our corporate functions, which were associated with the planned sale of our Jack Wolfskin business and our separation from Topgolf, as well as an increase in restructuring charges. These decreases were partially offset by increases in segment operating income, primarily in the Golf Equipment and Active Lifestyle segments, which were driven by cost savings, higher gross margins, and a gain recognized from a lease termination incentive in the first quarter of 2025.
On a non-GAAP basis, excluding the items described in the table above, our net income and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2025 would have been $20.3 million and $0.11 per share, respectively, compared to $14.4 million and $0.08 per share, respectively, for the same period in 2024. The increase in non-GAAP net income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was primarily due to an increase in segment operating income as discussed above, partially offset by an increase in the provision for income taxes.
Financial Condition
Our cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, decreased $127.6 million to $322.7 million at March 31, 2025 from $450.3 million at December 31, 2024. The seasonal decrease in cash and cash equivalents was primarily related to cash used in operating activities of $85.2 million and cash used in investing activities of $70.0 million, partially offset by cash provided by financing activities of $25.1 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we used our cash and cash equivalents in addition to proceeds received from lease financings to fund operations and purchase capital expenditures. We believe that our existing funds and existing sources of capital are adequate to fund our future operations, as necessary. For further information related to our financing arrangements, see Note 5 “Financing Arrangements” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 and “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q.
Our accounts receivable balance fluctuates throughout the year as a result of the general seasonality of our business, and is also affected by the timing of new product launches. With respect to our Golf Equipment business, accounts receivable are generally the highest during the first and second quarters during the seasonal peak in the golf industry, and generally decline significantly during the third and fourth quarters as a result of an increase in cash collections combined with lower seasonal sales. Our Active Lifestyle accounts receivable balances are generally higher during the third and fourth quarters, primarily due to the seasonal concentration of sales for the Jack Wolfskin business during the fall and winter seasons. Our Topgolf venue business primarily records revenue and collects payment at point-of-sale, and therefore, Topgolf’s accounts receivable balance is lower than our other business segments and primarily consists of media partnership receivables. As of March 31, 2025, our consolidated net accounts receivable increased to $372.2 million from $175.7 million at December 31, 2024. The increase primarily reflects the seasonality of our golf equipment sales. Net accounts receivable as of March 31, 2025 decreased $51.7 million compared to March 31, 2024, primarily due to decreased net sales as well as $17.0 million of Jack Wolfskin accounts receivable which has been reported as part of our current assets held for sale.
Our inventory balance fluctuates throughout the year as a result of the general seasonality of certain operating segments within our business, and is also affected by the timing of new product launches. With respect to our Golf Equipment business, the buildup of inventory generally begins during the fourth quarter and continues into the first quarter and beginning of the second quarter in order to meet increased demand during the golf season. Inventory levels are also impacted by the timing of new product launches as well as the success of new products. Active Lifestyle inventory levels start to increase during the second quarter and continue to increase into the third and fourth quarters primarily due to the seasonal nature of our Jack Wolfskin business, whose products are significantly geared towards the fall and winter seasons. Topgolf is primarily a service-based business which maintains lower inventory balances than our other business segments, primarily consisting of food and beverages as well as retail merchandise and Toptracer inventory. As of March 31, 2025, our inventory decreased $103.4 million to $653.9 million, compared to December 31, 2024. Our inventory decreased $49.0 million as of March 31, 2025, compared to March 31, 2024. The decrease compared to December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024 was primarily due to the $75.3 million reclassification of Jack Wolfskin inventory to assets held for sale.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of liquidity consist of our existing cash and cash equivalent balances, funds expected to be generated from operations and available funds from our credit facilities. Based on our current cash balances, estimates of funds expected to be generated from operations, and the current and projected availability under current credit facilities, we believe we will be able to finance current and planned operating requirements, capital expenditures, required debt repayments and contractual obligations and commercial commitments for at least the next 12 months from the issuance date of this Form 10-Q.
Our ability to generate sufficient positive cash flows from operations is subject to many risks and uncertainties, including future economic trends and conditions, demand for our products, supply chain challenges, price inflation, foreign currency exchange rates, and other risks and uncertainties applicable to us and our business (see “Risk Factors” contained in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024).
On March 19, 2024 we entered into an amendment to the 2023 Term Loan B in order to decrease the interest rate and future interest expense on the 2023 Term Loan B. As of March 31, 2025, we had $805.0 million in cash and availability under our credit facilities, which is an increase of $85.3 million compared to March 31, 2024. Information about our credit facilities and long-term debt is presented in Note 5 “Financing Arrangements” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, which is incorporated herein by this reference.
As of March 31, 2025, approximately 44% of our cash was held in regions outside of the United States. We continue to maintain our indefinite reinvestment assertion with respect to most jurisdictions in which we operate because of local cash requirements to operate our business. If we were to repatriate cash to the United States outside of settling intercompany balances, we may need to pay incremental foreign withholding taxes which, subject to certain limitations, generate foreign tax credits for use against our U.S. tax liability, if any. Additionally, we may need to pay certain state income taxes.
Significant Cash Obligations
We plan to utilize our liquidity (as described above) and our cash flows from business operations to fund our material cash requirements. The table below summarizes certain significant cash obligations as of March 31, 2025 that will affect our future liquidity (in millions).
| Payments Due By Period Total | Remainder of 2025 | 2026 - 2027 | 2028 - 2029 | Thereafter | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Long-term debt(1) | $1,491.5 | $13.9 | $292.0 | $27.7 | $1,157.9 |
| Interest payments relating to long-term debt(2) | 484.3 | 75.1 | 185.3 | 178.6 | 45.3 |
| Finance leases, including imputed interest(3) | 890.8 | 11.0 | 36.3 | 37.9 | 805.6 |
| Operating leases, including imputed interest(4) | 2,235.3 | 103.3 | 304.1 | 303.9 | 1,524.0 |
| DLF obligations(5) | 4,941.2 | 62.5 | 199.5 | 207.6 | 4,471.6 |
| Minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced(6) | 851.6 | 1.5 | 36.5 | 36.8 | 776.8 |
| Capital commitments(7) | 63.0 | 54.0 | 9.0 | — | — |
| Unconditional purchase obligations(8) | 128.9 | 58.0 | 62.4 | 8.5 | — |
| Uncertain tax contingencies(9) | 11.9 | 1.9 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 8.8 |
| Total | $11,098.5 | $381.2 | $1,126.2 | $801.1 | $8,790.0 |
| (1) Excludes unamortized debt discounts, unamortized debt issuance costs, and fair value adjustments. For further details, see Note 5 “Financing Arrangements” in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. | |||||
| (2) Long-term debt may have fixed or variable interest rates. For further details, see Note 5 “Financing Arrangements” in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. | |||||
| (3) Represents future minimum payments under financing leases. For further details, see Note 4 “Leases” in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. | |||||
| (4) Represents commitments for minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases. For further details, see Note 4 “Leases” in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. | |||||
| (5) Represents DLF obligations, including extension periods, in connection with the construction of Topgolf venues. For further details, see Note 4 “Leases” in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. | |||||
| (6) Represents future minimum lease payments under lease agreements that have not yet commenced as of March 31, 2025, in relation to future Topgolf facilities and TravisMathew retail stores. For further discussion, see Note 4 “Leases” in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. | |||||
| (7) Represents capital expenditure commitments under lease agreements for Topgolf venues under construction that have been signed as of March 31, 2025. | |||||
| (8) During the normal course of business, we enter into agreements to purchase goods and services, including commitments for endorsement agreements with professional athletes and other endorsers, consulting and service agreements, and intellectual property licensing agreements pursuant to which we are required to pay royalty fees. The amounts listed above approximate the minimum purchase obligations we are obligated to pay under these agreements over the next five years and thereafter as of March 31, 2025. The actual amounts paid under some of the agreements may be higher or lower than these amounts. In addition, we also enter into unconditional purchase obligations with various vendors and suppliers of goods and services during the normal course of business through purchase orders or other documentation or that are undocumented except for an invoice. For further details, see Note 11 “Commitments & Contingencies” in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. | |||||
| (9) Amounts represent current and non-current portions of uncertain income tax positions as recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2025. Amounts exclude uncertain income tax positions that we would be able to offset against deferred taxes. For further discussion, see Note 10 "Income Taxes" in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. |
During the normal course of business, we have made certain indemnities, commitments and guarantees under which we may be required to make payments in relation to certain transactions. These include (i) intellectual property indemnities to our customers and licensees in connection with the use, sale and/or license of our products or trademarks, (ii) indemnities to various lessors in connection with facility leases for certain claims arising from such facilities or leases, (iii) indemnities to vendors and service providers pertaining to the goods or services provided to us or based on the negligence or willful misconduct, and (iv) indemnities involving the accuracy of representations and warranties in certain contracts. In addition, we have made contractual commitments to each of our officers and certain other employees providing for severance payments upon the termination of employment. We have also issued guarantees in the form of a standby letter of credit primarily as security for contingent liabilities under certain workers’ compensation insurance policies.
The duration of these indemnities, commitments and guarantees varies, and in certain cases may be indefinite. The majority of these indemnities, commitments and guarantees do not provide for any limitation on the maximum amount of future payments we could be obligated to make. Historically, costs incurred to settle claims related to indemnities have not been material to our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In addition, we believe the likelihood is remote that payments under the commitments and guarantees described above will have a material effect on our financial condition. The fair value of indemnities, commitments and guarantees that we issued during the three months ended March 31, 2025 was not material to our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In addition to the contractual obligations listed above, our liquidity could also be adversely affected by an unfavorable outcome with respect to claims and litigation that we are subject to from time to time (see Note 11 “Commitments & Contingencies” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 and “Legal Proceedings” in Part II, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q).
We have no material off-balance sheet arrangements.
Capital Expenditures
Total estimated capital expenditures, net of reimbursements by third party real estate financing partners, for the year ending December 31, 2025, are expected to be approximately $155.0 million, comprised of $60.0 million for our core business and $95.0 million for the Topgolf business.
Critical Accounting Estimates
For the three months ended March 31, 2025, there have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates from the information reported in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 3, 2025.
Market risk
As filed, 4,193 characters, with its headings, lists and tables. Extracted from the main document; charts and exhibits are in the original on sec.gov.
We use derivative financial instruments to mitigate our exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. Transactions involving these financial instruments are with creditworthy banks, primarily banks that are party to our credit facilities (see Note 5 “Financing Arrangements” and Note 14 “Derivatives and Hedging” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part 1, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q). The use of these instruments exposes us to market and credit risk which may at times be concentrated with certain counterparties, although counterparty nonperformance is not anticipated.
Foreign Currency Fluctuations
Information about our foreign currency hedging activities is set forth in Note 14 “Derivatives and Hedging” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1, of this Form 10-Q, which is incorporated herein by this reference.
As part of our risk management procedure, a sensitivity analysis model is used to measure the potential loss in future earnings of market-sensitive instruments resulting from one or more selected hypothetical changes in interest rates or foreign currency values. The sensitivity analysis model quantifies the estimated potential effect of unfavorable movements of 10% in foreign currencies to which we were exposed at March 31, 2025 through our foreign currency forward contracts.
At March 31, 2025, the estimated loss from our foreign currency forward contracts, calculated using the sensitivity analysis model described above, was $44.9 million. We believe that such a hypothetical loss from our foreign currency forward contracts would be partially offset by increases in the value of the underlying transactions being hedged.
The sensitivity analysis model is a risk analysis tool and does not purport to represent actual losses in earnings that we will incur, nor does it consider the potential effect of favorable changes in market rates. It also does not represent the maximum possible loss that may occur. Actual future gains and losses will differ from those estimated because of changes or differences in market rates and interrelationships, hedging instruments and hedge percentages, timing and other factors.
Interest Rate Fluctuations
We are exposed to interest rate risk from our credit facilities and long-term borrowing commitments. Outstanding borrowings under these credit facilities and long-term borrowing commitments accrue interest as described in Note 5 “Financing Arrangements” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1, and in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q. Our long-term borrowing commitments are subject to interest rate fluctuations, which could be material to our cash flows and results of operations. In order to mitigate this risk, we enter into interest rate swap contracts as part of our interest rate risk management strategy. Information about our interest rate hedges is provided in Note 14 “Derivatives and Hedging” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. In order to determine the impact of unfavorable changes in interest rates on our cash flows and results of operations, we performed a sensitivity analysis as part of our risk management procedures. The sensitivity analysis quantified that the incremental expense incurred by a 10% increase in interest rates would be $4.0 million over the 12-month period ended on March 31, 2025.
Inflation
The continued increase in inflation partially contributed to the increase in the cost of our products and services as well as our operating costs. If the cost of our products, employee costs, or other costs continue to be subject to significant inflationary pressures, such inflationary pressures may have an adverse effect on our ability to maintain current levels of gross margin and selling, general and administrative expenses. Further, we may not be able to offset these increased costs through price increases. As a result, our inability to quickly respond to inflation could harm our cash flows and results of operations in the future.
Controls and procedures
As filed, 1,537 characters, with its headings, lists and tables. Extracted from the main document; charts and exhibits are in the original on sec.gov.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness, as of March 31, 2025, of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2025.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Risk factors
As filed, 561 characters, with its headings, lists and tables. Extracted from the main document; charts and exhibits are in the original on sec.gov.
Certain Factors Affecting Topgolf Callaway Brands
We have included in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, a description of certain risks and uncertainties that could affect our business, future performance or financial condition (the “Risk Factors”). Investors should consider the Risk Factors prior to making an investment decision with respect to our stock. There are no material changes from the disclosure provided in the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 with respect to the Risk Factors.
Figures reported in this filing
Standardized line items from the XBRL in this filing, for the period ended 2025-03-31. Comparative periods it repeats are left out.
| Line item | Period | Value | XBRL concept |
|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | $1.09bn | us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax |
| Research and development | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | $21.3m | us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense |
| Selling, general and administrative | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | $257.9m | us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense |
| Operating income | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | $66.5m | us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss |
| Interest expense | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | $58.0m | us-gaap:InterestExpenseNonoperating |
| Income tax | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | $9.5m | us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit |
| Net income | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | $2.1m | us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss |
| Diluted EPS | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | $0.01 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted |
| Basic EPS | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | $0.01 | us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic |
| Diluted shares (weighted) | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | 183,500,000 shares | us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding |
| Operating cash flow | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | −$85.2m | us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities |
| Capital expenditure | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | $69.9m | us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment |
| Share repurchases | 3 months2025-01-01 to 2025-03-31 | $3.3m | us-gaap:PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock |
| Cash and equivalents | At period end2025-03-31 | $317.0m | us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue |
| Current assets | At period end2025-03-31 | $1.96bn | us-gaap:AssetsCurrent |
| Total assets | At period end2025-03-31 | $7.69bn | us-gaap:Assets |
| Current liabilities | At period end2025-03-31 | $928.6m | us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent |
| Long-term debt | At period end2025-03-31 | $1.46bn | us-gaap:LongTermDebtNoncurrent |
| Current portion of debt | At period end2025-03-31 | $15.0m | us-gaap:LongTermDebtCurrent |
| Short-term borrowings | At period end2025-03-31 | $46.7m | us-gaap:ShortTermBorrowings |
| Shareholders' equity | At period end2025-03-31 | $2.43bn | us-gaap:StockholdersEquity |
Source: SEC EDGAR, the filing index for accession 0000837465-25-000049. Last ingested by Listed: Nov 5, 2026, 20:47 ET. Listed shows no prices and gives no investment advice.