Novanta Inc: Form 10-Q for the period ended Sep 27, 2024

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The MD&A contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In addition to historical financial information, the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our financial results and our financial condition; our belief that the Purchasing Managers Index (“PMI”) may provide an indication of the impact of general economic conditions on our sales into the advanced industrial end market; our strategy; anticipated financial performance; expected liquidity and capitalization; drivers of revenue growth and our growth expectations in various markets; management’s plans and objectives for future operations, expenditures and product development, and investments in research and development; business prospects; potential of future product releases and expansion of our product and service offerings; industry trends; market conditions; our competitive positions; changes in economic and political conditions, including supply chain disruptions and constraints and inflationary pressures; changes in accounting principles; changes in actual or assumed tax liabilities and tax law; expectations regarding tax exposures; anticipated reinvestment of future earnings and dividend policy; anticipated expenditures in regard to our benefit plans; future acquisitions and integration and anticipated benefits from acquisitions and dispositions; anticipated economic benefits and expected costs of restructuring programs; our ability to repay our indebtedness; our intentions regarding the use of cash; expectations regarding legal and regulatory requirements, including environmental requirements, and our compliance thereto; and other statements that are not historical facts.

Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various important factors, including, but not limited to, the following: economic and political conditions and the effects of these conditions on our customers’ businesses, capital expenditures and level of business activities; risks associated with epidemics, pandemics or other public health crises; our dependence upon our ability to respond to fluctuations in product demand; our ability to continuously innovate, introduce new products in a timely manner, and manage transitions to new product innovations effectively; customer order timing and other similar factors; disruptions or breaches in security of our or our third-party providers’ information technology systems; risks associated with our operations in foreign countries; our increased use of outsourcing in foreign countries; risks associated with increased outsourcing of components manufacturing; our exposure to increased tariffs, trade restrictions or taxes on our products; violations of our intellectual property rights and our ability to protect our intellectual property against infringement by third parties; risk of losing our competitive advantage; our failure to successfully integrate recent and future acquisitions into our business; our ability to attract and retain key personnel; our restructuring and realignment activities; product defects or problems integrating our products with other vendors’ products; disruptions in the supply of certain key components and other goods from our suppliers; our failure to accurately forecast component and raw material requirements leading to additional costs and significant delays in shipments; production difficulties and product delivery delays or disruptions; our exposure to extensive medical device regulations, which may impede or hinder the approval, certification or sale of our products and, in some cases, may ultimately result in an inability to obtain approval or certification of certain products or may result in the recall or seizure of previously approved or certified products; potential penalties for violating foreign and U.S. federal and state healthcare laws and regulations; impact of healthcare industry cost containment and healthcare reform measures; changes in governmental regulations related to our business or products; actual or perceived failures to comply with applicable data protection, privacy and security laws, regulations, standards, and other requirements; our failure to implement new information technology systems successfully; changes in foreign currency rates; our failure to realize the full value of our intangible assets; our reliance on original equipment manufacturer customers; increasing scrutiny and changing expectations from investors, customers, governments and other stakeholders and third parties with respect to corporate sustainability policies and practices; the effects of climate change and related regulatory responses; our exposure to the credit risk of some of our customers and in weakened markets; being subject to U.S. federal income taxation even though we are a non-U.S. corporation; changes in tax laws and fluctuations in our effective tax rates; any need for additional capital to adequately respond to business challenges or opportunities and repay or refinance our existing indebtedness, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all; our existing indebtedness limiting our ability to engage in certain activities; volatility in the market price for our common shares; and our failure to maintain appropriate internal controls in the future. Other important risk factors that could affect the outcome of the events set forth in these statements and that could affect the Company’s operating results and financial condition are discussed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 under the heading “Risk Factors”, as updated in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the words “expects,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “believes,” “future,” “plans,” “aims,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “potential,” “continues,” and similar words or expressions (as well as other words or expressions referencing future events, conditions, or circumstances) identify forward-looking statements. Readers should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made. Management and the Company disclaim any obligation to publicly update or revise any such forward-looking statements to reflect any changes in its expectations or in events, conditions, or circumstances on which any such statements may be based, or that may affect the likelihood that actual results will differ from those contained in the forward-looking statements, except as required under applicable law.

Accounting Period

The interim consolidated financial statements of Novanta Inc. (the “Company”, “Novanta”, “we”, “us”, “our”) are prepared for each quarterly period ending on the Friday closest to the end of the calendar quarter, except for the fourth quarter which always ends on December 31.

Business Overview

We are a leading global supplier of core technology solutions that give medical and advanced industrial original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) a competitive advantage. We combine deep proprietary technology expertise and competencies in precision medicine and manufacturing, medical solutions, and robotics and automation with a proven ability to solve complex technical challenges. This enables us to engineer core components and sub-systems that deliver extreme precision and performance, tailored to our customers' demanding applications.

Reportable Segments

We operate in three reportable segments: Precision Medicine and Manufacturing, Medical Solutions, and Robotics and Automation. The reportable segments and their principal activities are summarized below.

Precision Medicine and Manufacturing

Our Precision Medicine and Manufacturing segment designs, manufactures and markets photonics-based solutions, including laser scanning, laser beam delivery, CO2 laser, solid state laser, ultrafast laser, and optical light engine products to customers worldwide. The segment serves highly demanding photonics-based applications for advanced industrial processes, medical and life science imaging, DNA sequencing, and medical laser procedures, particularly ophthalmology applications. The vast majority of the segment’s product offerings are sold to OEM customers. The segment sells these products both directly, utilizing a highly technical sales force, and indirectly, through resellers and distributors.

Medical Solutions

Our Medical Solutions segment designs, manufactures and markets a range of medical grade technologies, including medical insufflators, pumps and related disposables; visualization solutions; wireless technologies, video recorder and video integration technologies for operating room integrations; optical data collection and machine vision technologies; radio frequency identification (“RFID”) technologies; thermal chart recorders; spectrometry technologies; embedded touch screen solutions; and high precision customized subsystems. The vast majority of the segment’s product offerings are sold to OEM customers. The segment sells these products directly, utilizing a highly technical sales force, and indirectly, through resellers and distributors.

Robotics and Automation

Our Robotics and Automation segment designs, manufactures and markets optical and inductive encoders, precision motors, servo drives and motion control solutions, integrated stepper motors, intelligent robotic end-of-arm technology solutions, and air bearing spindles to customers worldwide. The vast majority of the segment’s product offerings are sold to OEM customers. The segment sells these products directly, utilizing a highly technical sales force, and indirectly, through resellers and distributors.

End Markets

We primarily operate in two end markets: the medical market and the advanced industrial market.

Medical Market

For the nine months ended September 27, 2024, the medical market accounted for approximately 56% of our revenue. Revenue from our products sold to the medical market is generally affected by hospital and other healthcare provider capital spending, growth rates of surgical procedures, changes in regulatory requirements and laws, aggregation of purchasing by healthcare networks, changes in technology requirements, timing of OEM customers’ product development and new product launches, changes in customer or patient preferences, and general demographic trends.

Advanced Industrial Market

For the nine months ended September 27, 2024, the advanced industrial market accounted for approximately 44% of our revenue. Revenue from our products sold to the advanced industrial market is affected by several factors, including changing technology requirements and preferences of our customers, productivity or quality investments in a manufacturing environment, financial conditions of our customers, changes in regulatory requirements and laws, and general economic conditions. We believe that the PMI on manufacturing activities specific to different regions around the world may provide an indication of the impact of general economic conditions on our sales into the advanced industrial market.

Strategy

Our strategy is to drive sustainable, profitable growth through short-term and long-term initiatives, including:

• disciplined focus on our diversified business model of providing functionality to long life-cycle OEM customer platforms in attractive medical and advanced industrial niche markets;
• improving our business mix to increase medical sales as a percentage of total revenue by:
• introducing new products aimed at attractive medical applications, such as minimally invasive and robotic surgery, ophthalmology, patient monitoring, drug delivery, clinical laboratory testing and life science equipment;
• deepening our key account management relationships with and driving cross selling of our product offerings to leading medical equipment manufacturers; and
• pursuing complementary medical technology acquisitions;
• increasing our penetration of high growth advanced industrial applications, such as laser materials processing, intelligent end-of-arm robotic technology solutions, robotics, laser additive manufacturing, automation and metrology, by working closely with OEM customers to launch application specific products that closely match the requirements of each application;
• broadening our portfolio of enabling proprietary technologies and capabilities through increased investment in new product development, and investments in application development to further penetrate existing customers, while expanding the applicability of our solutions to new markets;
• broadening our product and service offerings through the acquisition of innovative and complementary technologies and solutions in medical and advanced industrial technology applications;
• expanding sales and marketing channels to reach new target customers;
• improving our existing operations to expand profit margins and improve customer satisfaction by implementing lean manufacturing principles, strategic sourcing across our major production sites; and optimizing and limiting the growth of our fixed cost base; and
• attracting, retaining, and developing world-class talented, diverse, and motivated employees.

Significant Events and Updates

Acquisition of Motion Solutions

On January 2, 2024, we completed the acquisition of Motion Solutions Parent Corp. (“Motion Solutions”), an Irvine, California-based provider of highly engineered integrated solutions, specializing in proprietary precision motion and advanced motion control solutions, for a total purchase price of $192.0 million in cash, net of working capital adjustments. The acquisition was financed with borrowings under our revolving credit facility. The addition of Motion Solutions enhances our product portfolio and further expands our presence in attractive medical and precision medicine spaces. The Motion Solutions acquisition is included in our Medical Solutions reportable segment.

Business Environment

Inflationary Pressures

During the nine months ended September 27, 2024, we continued to experience higher than normal inflation of raw material and component prices and labor costs. We have generally been able to offset increases in these costs through various productivity cost reduction initiatives, as well as increasing our selling prices to pass through some of these higher costs to our customers. Given the timing of our actions compared to the timing of these inflationary pressures, there may be periods during which we are unable to fully recover the increases in our costs. Additionally, the inflationary pressures gave rise to significant increases in interest rates in recent periods as various governments used monetary policy to contain and reduce inflation. As a result, our year to date weighted average interest rate increased from approximately 6.1% as of September 29, 2023 to approximately 6.7% as of September 27, 2024. These higher interest rates have caused access to credit to be more expensive and have impacted demand from some of our OEM customers, as they see some of their end market customers deferring new capital equipment orders due to the higher interest rate environment.

Geopolitical Conflicts

In February 2022, Russian forces invaded Ukraine. In response, the U.S., the European Union (“EU”), and several other countries imposed economic and trade sanctions and other restrictions (collectively, “global sanctions”) targeting Russia and Belarus. Russia then imposed retaliatory economic measures against the U.S., the EU, and several other countries. Our historical sales to Russia were not material. We also do not have any assets, employees or third-party contractors in Russia or Ukraine. However, the duration of the conflict and further sanctions could have further impact on the global economy and inflation.

In early October 2023, Israel declared war on Hamas. We are monitoring the social, political and economic environment in Israel and in the region for any impact on our businesses. Our historical sales to Israel were around 1% of our total sales. We do not have any assets, employees, or third-party contractors in Israel. Due to the uncertainty around the duration of the conflict, future impacts are unknown to our businesses.

Results of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 27, 2024 Compared with the Three and Nine Months Ended September 29, 2023

Overview of Financial Results

Total revenue of $244.4 million for the three months ended September 27, 2024 increased $22.9 million, or 10.3%, from the prior year period primarily due to revenue from the Motion Solutions acquisition. The effect of our Motion Solutions acquisition resulted in an increase in revenue of $21.1 million, or 9.5%. In addition, foreign currency exchange rates favorably impacted our revenue by $1.8 million, or 0.8%, for the three months ended September 27, 2024.

Total revenue of $711.2 million for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 increased $41.1 million, or 6.1%, from the prior year period primarily due to revenue from the Motion Solutions acquisition, partially offset by decreased demand in our end markets including Motion Solutions end markets. The effect of our Motion Solutions acquisition resulted in an increase in revenue of $62.6 million, or 9.3%.

Operating income of $32.6 million for the three months ended September 27, 2024 increased $2.2 million, or 7.4%, from the prior year period. This increase was attributable to an increase in gross profit of $7.6 million and a decrease in restructuring, acquisition and related charges of $2.0 million, partially offset by an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses of $4.7 million, an increase in amortization expense of $1.5 million, and an increase in research and development expenses of $1.2 million.

Operating income of $83.9 million for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 decreased $4.9 million, or 5.6%, from the prior year period. This decrease was attributable to an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses of $9.9 million, an increase in amortization expense of $3.9 million, and an increase in research and development expenses of $2.0 million, partially offset by an increase in gross profit of $10.0 million and a decrease in restructuring, acquisition and related charges of $0.9 million.

Basic earnings per common share (“Basic EPS”) of $0.53 for the three months ended September 27, 2024 decreased $0.06 from the prior year period. Diluted earnings per common share (“Diluted EPS”) of $0.53 for the three months ended September 27, 2024 decreased $0.06 from the prior year period. The decreases were primarily due to an increase in interest expense and an increase in income tax provision, partially offset by an increase in operating income.

Basic EPS of $1.33 for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 decreased $0.35 from the prior year period. Diluted EPS of $1.32 for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 decreased $0.36 from the prior year period. The decreases were primarily due to a decrease in operating income, an increase in interest expense, and an increase in income tax provision.

Revenue

The following tables set forth external revenue by reportable segment for the periods noted (dollars in thousands):

Precision Medicine and Manufacturing

Precision Medicine and Manufacturing segment revenue for the three months ended September 27, 2024 decreased $10.7 million, or 15.0%, versus the prior year period, primarily due to weaker demand in our advanced industrial end market and our precision medicine end market.

Precision Medicine and Manufacturing segment revenue for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 decreased $25.4 million, or 11.8%, versus the prior year period, primarily due to weaker demand in our advanced industrial end market and our precision medicine end market.

Medical Solutions

Medical Solutions segment revenue for the three months ended September 27, 2024 increased $20.4 million, or 24.5%, versus the prior year period, primarily due to $21.1 million of revenue contributions from the current year acquisition and an increase in sales of minimally invasive surgery products, partially offset by a decrease in revenue from visualization solutions products as a result of exiting the product line.

Medical Solutions segment revenue for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 increased $66.4 million, or 27.2%, versus the prior year period, primarily due to $62.6 million of revenue contributions from the current year acquisition, an increase in sales of detection and analysis products and an increase in sales of minimally invasive surgery products, partially offset by a decrease in revenue from visualization solutions products as a result of exiting the product line.

Robotics and Automation

Robotics and Automation segment revenue for the three months ended September 27, 2024 increased $13.2 million, or 19.7%, versus the prior year period, primarily due to an increase in demand from advanced industrial end markets.

Robotics and Automation segment revenue for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 was flat versus the prior year period.

Gross Profit and Gross Profit Margin

The following table sets forth the gross profit and gross profit margin for each of our reportable segments for the periods noted (dollars in thousands):

Gross profit and gross profit margin can be influenced by a number of factors, including product mix, pricing, volume, manufacturing efficiencies and utilization, costs for raw materials and outsourced manufacturing, trade tariffs, freight costs, headcount, inventory excess and obsolescence, and warranty expenses.

Precision Medicine and Manufacturing

Precision Medicine and Manufacturing segment gross profit for the three months ended September 27, 2024 decreased $9.2 million, or 25.3%, versus the prior year period, primarily due to a decrease in both revenue and gross profit margin. Precision Medicine and Manufacturing segment gross profit margin was 44.6% for the three months ended September 27, 2024, versus a gross profit margin of 50.8% for the prior year period. The decrease in gross profit margin was primarily attributable to lower factory utilization due to a decline in production volumes and unfavorable product mix.

Precision Medicine and Manufacturing segment gross profit for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 decreased $17.6 million, or 16.5%, versus the prior year period, primarily due to a decrease in both revenue and gross profit margin. Precision Medicine and Manufacturing segment gross profit margin was 47.1% for the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus a gross profit margin of 49.8% for the prior year period. The decrease in gross profit margin was primarily attributable to lower factory utilization due to a decline in production volumes, and unfavorable product mix.

Medical Solutions

Medical Solutions segment gross profit for the three months ended September 27, 2024 increased $8.3 million, or 24.5%, versus the prior year period, primarily due to an increase in revenue. Medical Solutions segment gross profit margin was 40.8% for the three months ended September 27, 2024, which was unchanged from the prior year period. Gross profit margins were favorably impacted by higher factory productivity in our minimally invasive surgery and detection and analysis products, fully offset by the dilutive effect of the Motion Solutions acquisition on gross profit margin.

Medical Solutions segment gross profit for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 increased $22.0 million, or 21.9%, versus the prior year period, primarily due to an increase in revenue. Medical Solutions segment gross profit margin was 39.3% for the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus a gross profit margin of 41.0% for the prior year period. The decrease was primarily due to an inventory related charge associated with our visualization solutions product line closure, which resulted in a 0.8 percentage point reduction in gross profit margin, and higher amortization expense on intangible assets and inventory fair value adjustments primarily from the current year acquisition, which resulted in a 2.1 percentage point reduction in gross profit margin. Improved efficiency in factory productivity in our minimally invasive surgery and detection and analysis products, partially offset by the dilutive effect of the Motion Solutions acquisition on gross profit margin, resulted in a 1.2 percentage point increase in gross profit margin.

Robotics and Automation

Robotics and Automation segment gross profit for the three months ended September 27, 2024 increased $7.9 million, or 24.2%, versus the prior year period, primarily due to an increase in both revenue and gross profit margin. Robotics and Automation segment gross profit margin was 50.7% for the three months ended September 27, 2024, versus 48.8% for the prior year period. The increase in gross profit margin was primarily attributable to improved factory efficiency.

Robotics and Automation segment gross profit for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 increased $4.1 million, or 4.1%, versus the prior year period, primarily due to an increase in both revenue and gross profit margin. Robotics and Automation segment gross profit margin was 49.6% for the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus 47.7% for the prior year period. The increase in gross profit margin was primarily attributable to improved factory efficiency.

Operating Expenses

The following table sets forth operating expenses for the periods noted (in thousands):

Research and Development and Engineering Expenses

Research and Development and Engineering (“R&D”) expenses are primarily comprised of employee compensation related expenses and cost of materials for R&D projects. R&D expenses were $23.3 million, or 9.5% of revenue, during the three months ended September 27, 2024, versus $22.0 million, or 9.9% of revenue, during the prior year period. The increase in R&D expenses in terms of total dollars was primarily due to an increase in costs from the current year acquisition.

R&D expenses were $70.2 million, or 9.9% of revenue, during the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus $68.2 million, or 10.2% of revenue, during the prior year period. The increase in R&D expenses in terms of total dollars was primarily due to an increase in cost from the current year acquisition.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses include costs for sales and marketing, sales administration, finance, human resources, legal, information systems, and executive management functions. SG&A expenses were $44.3 million, or 18.1% of revenue, during the three months ended September 27, 2024, versus $39.6 million, or 17.9% of revenue, during the prior year period. The increase in SG&A expenses, both in total dollars and as a percentage of revenue, was primarily driven by officer transition costs, higher recruiting expenditures, and increased costs from the current year acquisition.

SG&A expenses were $132.6 million, or 18.7% of revenue, during the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus $122.8 million, or 18.3% of revenue, during the prior year period. The increase in SG&A expenses, both in total dollars and as a percentage of revenue, was primarily driven by officer transition costs, higher recruiting expenditures, and increased costs from the current year acquisition.

Amortization of Purchased Intangible Assets

Amortization of purchased intangible assets, excluding amortization of developed technologies which is included in cost of revenue, was $6.6 million, or 2.7% of revenue, during the three months ended September 27, 2024, versus $5.1 million, or 2.3% of revenue, during the prior year period. The increase in terms of total dollars and as a percentage of revenue was the result of more acquired intangible assets from the current year acquisition.

Amortization of purchased intangible assets, excluding amortization of developed technologies which is included in cost of revenue, was $19.2 million, or 2.7% of revenue, during the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus $15.3 million, or 2.3% of revenue, during the prior year period. The increase in terms of total dollars and as a percentage of revenue was the result of more acquired intangible assets from the current year acquisition.

Restructuring, Acquisition, and Related Costs

We recorded restructuring, acquisition, and related costs of $2.5 million during the three months ended September 27, 2024, versus $4.5 million during the prior year period. The decrease in restructuring, acquisition and related costs was primarily due to a decrease in our restructuring programs.

We recorded restructuring, acquisition, and related costs of $7.3 million during the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus $8.2 million during the prior year period. The decrease in restructuring, acquisition and related costs was primarily due to a decrease in our restructuring programs.

Operating Income (Loss) by Segment

The following table sets forth operating income (loss) by segment for the periods noted (in thousands):

Precision Medicine and Manufacturing

Precision Medicine and Manufacturing segment operating income was $11.9 million, or 19.6% of revenue, during the three months ended September 27, 2024, versus $18.5 million, or 26.0% of revenue, during the prior year period. The decrease in operating income was primarily due to a decrease in gross profit of $9.2 million, partially offset by a decrease in R&D expenses of $1.5 million and a decrease in restructuring, acquisition and related costs of $0.8 million.

Precision Medicine and Manufacturing segment operating income was $40.4 million, or 21.3% of revenue, during the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus $54.8 million, or 25.5% of revenue, during the prior year period. The decrease in operating income was primarily due to a decrease in gross profit of $17.6 million, partially offset by a decrease in R&D expenses of $2.5 million.

Medical Solutions

Medical Solutions segment operating income was $12.4 million, or 12.0% of revenue, during the three months ended September 27, 2024, versus $11.1 million, or 13.3% of revenue, during the prior year period. The increase in operating income was primarily due to an increase in gross profit of $8.3 million, partially offset by an increase in R&D expenses of $2.6 million, an increase in SG&A expenses of $1.9 million and an increase in amortization expense of $2.0 million as a result of the current year acquisition.

Medical Solutions segment operating income was $36.7 million, or 11.8% of revenue, during the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus $31.0 million, or 12.7% of revenue, during the prior year period. The increase in operating income was primarily due to an increase in gross profit of $22.0 million, partially offset by an increase in R&D expenses of $5.5 million, an increase in SG&A expenses of $4.3 million and an increase in amortization expense of $5.4 million as a result of the current year acquisition. Additionally, restructuring, acquisition and related costs increased $1.0 million compared to the prior year period.

Robotics and Automation

Robotics and Automation segment operating income was $22.1 million, or 27.6% of revenue, during the three months ended September 27, 2024, versus $12.2 million, or 18.3% of revenue, during the prior year period. The increase in operating income was primarily due to an increase in gross profit of $7.9 million and a decrease in restructuring, acquisition and related costs of $1.8 million.

Robotics and Automation segment operating income was $49.0 million, or 23.2% of revenue, during the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus $39.5 million, or 18.7% of revenue, during the prior year period. The increase in operating income was primarily due to an increase in gross profit of $4.1 million, a decrease in restructuring, acquisition and related costs of $3.1 million, a decrease in R&D expenses of $1.4 million, and a decrease in amortization expense of $1.2 million.

Unallocated Corporate and Shared Services

Unallocated corporate and shared services costs primarily represent costs of corporate and shared services functions that are not allocated to the operating segments, including certain restructuring and most acquisition costs. These costs for the three months ended September 27, 2024 increased $2.4 million versus the prior year period. The increase in operating loss was primarily due to an increase in SG&A expenses of $2.7 million.

Unallocated corporate and shared services costs for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 increased $5.7 million versus the prior year period. The increase in operating loss was primarily due to an increase in SG&A expenses of $5.3 million.

Other Income and Expense Items

The following table sets forth other income and expense items for the periods noted (in thousands):

Interest Income (Expense), Net

Net interest expense was $8.1 million for the three months ended September 27, 2024, versus $6.8 million for the prior year period. The increase in net interest expense was primarily due to an increase in average debt levels to fund the Motion Solutions acquisition and an increase in the weighted average interest rate on our senior credit facilities, partially offset by an increase in interest income. The weighted average interest rate on our senior credit facilities was 6.83% during the three months ended September 27, 2024, versus 6.68% during the prior year period.

Net interest expense was $24.6 million for the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus $19.9 million for the prior year period. The increase in net interest expense was primarily due to an increase in average debt levels to fund the Motion Solutions acquisition and an increase in the weighted average interest rate on our senior credit facilities, partially offset by an increase in interest income. The weighted average interest rate on our senior credit facilities was 6.68% during the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus 6.12% during the prior year period.

Foreign Exchange Transaction Gains (Losses), Net

Foreign exchange transaction gains (losses) were nominal for both the three and nine months ended September 27, 2024 and the three and nine months ended September 29, 2023.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Net other expense was nominal for both the three and nine months ended September 27, 2024 and the three and nine months ended September 29, 2023.

Income Tax Provision (Benefit)

Our effective tax rate for the three months ended September 27, 2024 was 20.8%, versus 7.7% for the prior year period. Our effective tax rate of 20.8% for the three months ended September 27, 2024 differs from the Canadian statutory tax rate of 29.0% primarily due to the mix of income earned in jurisdictions with varying tax rates, estimated deductions for Foreign Derived Intangible Income, U.K. patent box deductions and R&D tax credits, partially offset by disallowed compensation deductions, uncertain tax position accruals, and Pillar Two inclusion.

Our effective tax rate for the three months ended September 29, 2023 of 7.7% differs from the Canadian statutory tax rate of 29.0% primarily due to the mix of income earned in jurisdictions with varying tax rates, estimated deductions for Foreign Derived Intangible Income, U.K. patent box deductions, R&D tax credits, and windfall tax benefits upon vesting of share-based compensation awards, partially offset by disallowed compensation deductions and uncertain tax position accruals.

Our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 was 18.3%, versus 11.2% for the prior year period. Our effective tax rate of 18.3% for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 differs from the Canadian statutory tax rate of 29.0% primarily due to the mix of income earned in jurisdictions with varying tax rates, estimated deductions for Foreign Derived Intangible

Income, U.K. patent box deductions, R&D tax credits, and windfall tax benefits upon vesting of share based compensation awards, partially offset by disallowed compensation deductions, uncertain tax position accruals, and Pillar Two inclusion. For the nine months ended September 27, 2024, the tax benefits upon vesting of certain share-based compensation awards had a benefit of 3.1% on our effective tax rate.

Our effective tax rate of 11.2% for the nine months ended September 29, 2023 differs from the Canadian statutory tax rate of 29.0% primarily due to the mix of income earned in jurisdictions with varying tax rates, estimated deductions for Foreign Derived Intangible Income, U.K. patent box deductions, R&D tax credits and windfall tax benefits upon vesting of share based compensation awards, partially offset by disallowed compensation deductions and uncertain tax position accruals. For the nine months ended September 29, 2023, the tax benefits upon vesting of certain share-based compensation awards had a benefit of 4.5% on our effective tax rate.

On December 12, 2022, the EU member states agreed to implement the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development’s (“OECD”) Pillar Two Model Rules. These rules, which impose a global corporate minimum income tax rate of 15%, have been enacted or introduced in proposed legislation in 35 countries. Additional countries are actively considering changes to their tax laws to adopt certain parts of the OECD’s proposals. We have estimated the impact of this minimum tax in our effective tax rate analysis, and it does not have a material impact on our financial results in the current period. We continue to closely monitor the progression of legislative activities.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We assess our liquidity in terms of our ability to generate cash to fund our operating, investing, and financing activities. Our primary ongoing cash requirements are funding operations, capital expenditures, investments in businesses, and repayment of our debt and related interest payments. Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations and borrowings under our revolving credit facility. We believe our future operating cash flows will be sufficient to meet our future operating and capital expenditure cash needs for the foreseeable future, including at least the next 12 months. The availability of borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility provides another potential source of liquidity for any future capital expenditures and other liquidity needs. In addition, we have the ability to expand our borrowing capacity by up to $350.0 million by exercising the accordion option under our revolving credit agreement. We may also seek to raise additional capital, which could be in the form of bonds, convertible debt or preferred or common equity, to fund business development activities or other future investing cash requirements, subject to approval by the lenders in the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”). There is no assurance that such capital will be available on reasonable terms or at all.

Significant factors affecting the management of our ongoing cash requirements are the adequacy of available bank lines of credit and our ability to attract long term capital with satisfactory terms. The sources of our liquidity are subject to all of the risks of our business and could be adversely affected by, among other factors, risks associated with events outside of our control, such as economic consequences of geopolitical conflicts, monetary policy changes in the U.S. and other countries and their impact on the global financial markets, a decrease in demand for our products, our ability to integrate current and future acquisitions, deterioration in certain financial ratios, availability of borrowings under our revolving credit facility, and other market changes in general. See “Risks Relating to Our Common Shares and Our Capital Structure” included in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

Our cash requirements primarily consist of principal and interest payments associated with our Senior Credit Facilities (as defined below), operating and finance leases, purchase commitments, and pension obligations. Such contractual obligations are described in our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, each included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. Through September 27, 2024, we have not entered into any other material new or modified contractual obligations since December 31, 2023.

Our ability to make payments on our indebtedness and to fund our operations may be dependent upon the operating income and the distribution of funds from our subsidiaries. However, as local laws and regulations and/or the terms of our indebtedness restrict certain of our subsidiaries from paying dividends and transferring assets to us, there is no assurance that our subsidiaries will be permitted to provide us with sufficient dividends, distributions or loans when necessary.

As of September 27, 2024, $55.9 million of our $92.7 million cash and cash equivalents was held by subsidiaries outside of Canada and the U.S. Generally, our intent is to use cash held in these foreign subsidiaries to fund our local operations or acquisitions by those local subsidiaries and to pay down borrowings under our Senior Credit Facilities. Approximately $93.8 million of our outstanding term loan and revolver borrowings under our Senior Credit Facilities were held in our subsidiaries outside of Canada and the U.S. as of September 27, 2024. Additionally, we may use intercompany loans to address short-term cash flow needs for various subsidiaries.

Senior Credit Facilities

In December 2019, we entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as amended from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”), originally consisting of a $100.0 million U.S. dollar equivalent euro-denominated (approximately €90.2 million) 5-year term loan facility and a $350.0 million 5-year revolving credit facility (collectively, the “Senior Credit Facilities”). The Senior Credit Facilities had an original maturity date of December 2024 and included an uncommitted accordion option pursuant to which the commitments under the revolving credit facility may be increased by an additional $200.0 million in aggregate, subject to certain customary conditions. The term loan facility requires quarterly scheduled principal repayments of approximately €1.1 million beginning in March 2020 with the remaining principal balance due upon maturity. We may make additional principal payments at any time, which will reduce the next quarterly installment payment due. We may pay down outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility with cash on hand and cash generated from future operations at any time.

On March 27, 2020, we entered into an amendment (the “First Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement and exercised a portion of the uncommitted accordion option. The First Amendment increased the revolving credit facility commitment under the Credit Agreement by $145.0 million, from $350.0 million to $495.0 million, and reset the uncommitted accordion option to $200.0 million for potential future expansion.

On October 5, 2021, we entered into an amendment (the “Fourth Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement to exercise the accordion option. The Fourth Amendment increased the revolving credit facility commitment under the Credit Agreement by $200.0 million, from $495.0 million to $695.0 million, and reset the uncommitted accordion option to $200.0 million for potential future expansion.

On March 10, 2022, we entered into an amendment (the “Fifth Amendment”) to the Credit Agreement to extend the maturity date thereof from December 31, 2024 to March 10, 2027, update the pricing grid, replace LIBOR with SOFR as the reference rate for U.S. dollar borrowings, and increase the uncommitted accordion option from $200 million to $350 million.

As of September 27, 2024, we had $76.6 million term loan and $383.8 million revolver borrowings outstanding under our Senior Credit Facilities. The borrowings outstanding under the Senior Credit Facilities bear interest at rates based on (a) the Base Rate, as defined in the Credit Agreement, plus a margin ranging between 0.00% and 0.75% per annum, determined by reference to our consolidated leverage ratio, or (b) the Term SOFR Screen Rate, the Alternative Currency Daily Rate or the Alternative Currency Term Rate, as defined in the Credit Agreement, plus a margin ranging between 0.75% and 1.75% per annum, determined by reference to our consolidated leverage ratio. In addition, we are obligated to pay a commitment fee on the unused portion of the revolving credit facility, ranging between 0.20% and 0.30% per annum, determined by reference to our consolidated leverage ratio. As of September 27, 2024, we had outstanding borrowings under the Credit Agreement denominated in Euro and U.S. dollars of $93.8 million and $366.5 million, respectively.

The Credit Agreement contains various covenants that we believe are usual and customary for this type of agreement, including a maximum consolidated leverage ratio and a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement). The following table summarizes these financial covenants and our compliance therewith as of September 27, 2024:

(1) Maximum consolidated leverage ratio shall be increased to 4.00 for four consecutive quarters following a designated acquisition, as defined in the Fifth Amendment.

Share Repurchase Plans

Our Board of Directors may approve share repurchase plans from time to time. Under these repurchase plans, shares may be repurchased at our discretion based on ongoing assessment of the capital needs of the business, the market price of our common shares, and general market conditions. Shares may also be repurchased through an accelerated share purchase agreement, on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable federal securities laws. Repurchases may be made under certain SEC regulations, which would permit common shares to be repurchased when we would otherwise be prohibited from doing so under insider trading laws. While the share repurchase plans are generally intended to offset dilution from equity awards granted to our employees and directors, the plans do not obligate us to acquire any particular amount of common shares. No time limit is typically set for the completion of the share repurchase plans, and the plans may be suspended or discontinued at any time. We expect to fund share repurchases through cash on hand and cash generated from operations.

In February 2020, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase plan (the “2020 Repurchase Plan”) authorizing the repurchase of $50.0 million worth of common shares. Share repurchases have been made under the 2020 Repurchase Plan pursuant to

Rule 10b-18 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. We did not repurchase any shares during the nine months ended September 27, 2024. We had $49.5 million available for share repurchases under the 2020 Repurchase Plan as of September 27, 2024.

Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 27, 2024 and September 29, 2023

The following tables summarize our cash flows, cash and cash equivalents, and unused and available funds under our revolving credit facility for the periods indicated (in thousands):

Operating Cash Flows

Cash provided by operating activities was $97.0 million for the nine months ended September 27, 2024, versus $81.1 million for the prior year period. Cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 27, 2024 increased from the prior year period primarily as a result of less cash paid for income taxes.

Investing Cash Flows

Cash used in investing activities was $206.1 million for the nine months ended September 27, 2024, primarily driven by $191.2 million cash consideration, net of cash acquired and net working capital adjustments for the Motion Solutions acquisition. We also paid $14.9 million for capital expenditures.

Cash used in investing activities was $13.7 million for the nine months ended September 29, 2023, all related to capital expenditures.

We expect to use an aggregate of approximately $18 million to $20 million in 2024 for capital expenditures related to investments in new property, plant and equipment for our existing businesses.

Financing Cash Flows

Cash provided by financing activities was $92.6 million for the nine months ended September 27, 2024, primarily driven by $198.0 million of borrowings under our revolving credit facility to fund the Motion Solutions acquisition, partially offset by $96.0 million of term loan and revolving credit facility repayments and $8.9 million of payroll tax payments upon vesting of share-based compensation awards.

Cash used in financing activities was $92.8 million for the nine months ended September 29, 2023, primarily due to $82.0 million of term loan and revolving credit facility repayments and $10.2 million of payroll tax payments upon vesting of share-based compensation awards.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The critical accounting policies that we believe impact significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements presented in this periodic report on Form 10-Q are described in our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, each included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates through September 27, 2024 from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

Our primary market risk exposures are foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and interest rate sensitivity. During the three months ended September 27, 2024, there have been no material changes to the information included under Part II, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), our management carried out an evaluation, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of September 27, 2024, the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 27, 2024.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There has been no change to our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended September 27, 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Our risk factors are described in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors”, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. There have been no material changes in our risk factors as included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.