Heritage Global Inc.: Form 10-Q for the period ended Jun 30, 2025

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the information contained in the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of Heritage Global Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, “we”, “us”, “our” or the “Company”) and the related notes thereto for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, appearing elsewhere herein, and in conjunction with the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 13, 2025 (the “Form 10-K”).

Forward Looking Information

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Report”) contains certain “forward-looking statements” as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that are based on management’s exercise of business judgment as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management. When used in this document, the words “may,” "will,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” and words of similar import, are intended to identify any forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy, short-term and long-term business operations and objectives, and financial needs. These statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, including variability in magnitude and timing of asset liquidation transactions, the collectability of the charged off receivables that secure our loan portfolio, the impact of tariffs and other changes in the U.S. national and global economies, and interest rate and foreign exchange rate sensitivity, as well as the important factors noted under Item 1A “Risk Factors” in our Form 10-K, and as noted below. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation, and do not intend, to update, revise or otherwise publicly release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof, or to reflect the occurrence of any unanticipated events. Although we believe that our expectations are based on reasonable assumptions, we can give no assurance that our expectations will materialize.

Overview, History and Recent Developments

Heritage Global Inc. was incorporated in Florida in 1983 under the name “MedCross, Inc.” Our name was changed to “I-Link Incorporated” in 1997, to “Acceris Communications Inc.” in 2003, to “C2 Global Technologies Inc.” in 2005, to “Counsel RB Capital Inc.” in 2011, and to Heritage Global Inc. in 2013. The most recent name change more closely identifies HG with its auction and specialty lending business lines.

Our corporate headquarters are located at 12625 High Bluff Drive, Suite 305, San Diego, CA 92130. Our telephone number is (858) 847-0659 and our corporate website is www.hginc.com (http://www.hginc.com). Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-Q.

The organization chart below outlines our basic domestic corporate structure as of June 30, 2025.

(1) Registrant.

(2) Auction and Liquidation.

(3) Holding Company.

(4) Refurbishment and Resale.

(5) Brokerage.

(6) Specialty Lending.

Nonaccrual Loans

We determine a loan to be in default status when the minimum payment amount has not been received within the grace period of the payment due date. The status of default does not solely trigger nonaccrual loan status. We consider quantitative and qualitative factors when evaluating a loan in default status to determine the likelihood of recovering the outstanding principal balance and contractual interest payments. We also monitor financial standing and performance of our borrowers on an ongoing basis and regularly update the collection forecasts for the underlying charged off or nonperforming receivable portfolios related to each outstanding loan. If we determine (1) it is not probable that the projected cash flows expected from the borrower’s collection efforts on the underlying charged off or nonperforming receivable portfolio will be sufficient to satisfy all of the outstanding principal balance and contractual interest payments, and (2) it is not probable that the borrower will be able to meet the minimum required principal and interest payments through other operational cash flows, we will place the loans on nonaccrual status. If, based on our analysis, we elect to maintain accrual status after initial payment default, the loan will generally be placed on nonaccrual status if principal or interest payments become 90 days past due.

The accrual of interest is generally discontinued and all accrued interest is reversed against interest income when a loan is placed on nonaccrual status. Interest received on such loans is accounted for using the cost-recovery or the cash-basis method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Under the cost-recovery method, interest income is not recognized until the loan balance is reduced to zero. Under the cash-basis method, interest payments received by the creditor are recorded as interest income provided the amount does not exceed the amount that would have been earned at the loan’s original effective interest rate. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current, there is a sustained period of repayment performance, and all remaining principal and interest payments are deemed probable.

Pursuant to the terms of existing credit agreements, our largest borrower was required to collect on underlying charged off and nonperforming consumer loan portfolios and remit a required minimum monthly payment to us. However, this borrower became unable to make the required minimum monthly payments and therefore is in default. While in default, this borrower continues to collect on the underlying charged off and nonperforming consumer loan portfolios but must remit all such net collections to us and senior lenders. These remittances of net collections have not met the amount of the required minimum monthly payments since June of 2024. We determined that (1) it is not probable that the projected cash flows expected from the borrower’s collection efforts on the underlying charged off or nonperforming receivable portfolio will be sufficient to satisfy all of the outstanding principal balance and contractual interest payments, and (2) it is not probable that the borrower will be able to meet the minimum required principal and interest payments through other operational cash flows. We do not expect to realize any return with respect to these loans in 2025, and whether we will realize any return with respect to these loans is uncertain. As we continue to work closely with the borrower and its senior lenders in an effort to mitigate the default in an efficient and effective manner, the impacted loans have been placed in nonaccrual status beginning in June 2024. In addition, there was a balance of $1.5 million from our share of other loans within affiliated Joint Ventures that are impacted by the default with our largest borrower and have been placed in nonaccrual status as of June 2024. Our share of payments received from this borrower, including interest, will be applied against the outstanding loan balance. As of June 30, 2025, the amortized cost basis of loans in nonaccrual status was $22.4 million, of which $4.9 million is recorded within notes receivable and $17.5 million is recorded within equity method investments. As of December 31, 2024, the amortized cost basis of loans in nonaccrual status was $23.5 million, of which $5.3 million is recorded within notes receivable and $18.2 million is recorded within equity method investments.

Industry and Competition

Our business consists primarily of the auction, appraisal, refurbishment and asset advisory services provided by our Industrial Assets division and the charged-off receivable brokerage and specialty financing services provided by our Financial Assets division, each of which is further described below. Our business also includes the purchase and sale, including at auction, of industrial machinery and equipment, real estate, inventories, charged-off receivable and distressed debt. The market for all of these services and assets is highly fragmented. To acquire auction or appraisal contracts, or assets for resale, we compete with other liquidators, auction companies, dealers and brokers. We also compete with them for potential purchasers and lenders. Some competitors have significantly greater financial and marketing resources and name recognition.

We believe that our business is positioned to grow in all economic cycles. As the economy encounters situations of recession, flattening yield curves and rising credit costs, our business may experience wider margins on principal asset sales, a favorable lending cycle for charged-off and nonperforming asset portfolios, higher volumes of nonperforming assets and building surplus inventories and bankruptcies. In times of economic growth, our business has demonstrated its ability to experience growth based on our competitive advantages in the industry, including our domain expertise related to deal sourcing and execution capabilities, our diversification of integrated service platforms and our experience across underserved markets. We intend to continue to leverage our competitive advantages to grow within each segment and across platforms through increasing synergies, maintaining high incremental margins, improving earnings predictability, strengthening financial metrics reflected on our balance sheet and managing expenses.

Our business strategy in the Specialty Lending and Auction and Liquidation segments includes the option of partnering with one or more additional purchasers or lenders, pursuant to a partnership, joint venture or limited liability company agreement (collectively, “Joint Ventures”). These Joint Ventures give us access to more opportunities, help to mitigate some of the competition from the market’s larger participants, and contribute to our objective to be the leading resource for clients requiring financial and industrial asset solutions.

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe we have attributes that differentiate us from our competitors and that provide us with significant competitive advantages. Our key competitive strengths are described below.

Differentiated business model. We believe we have diversified business lines serving the financial and industrial asset liquidation market. We have multiple revenue streams including our brokerage, principal based auction services, refurbishment and resale, advisory services and secured lending services. Further, our business is event-driven and we have repeat, forward-flow contracts in place with industry leading customers. We expect to drive growth in our revenue streams by taking different roles, and using partners as needed.

Compelling macro growth drivers. Historically, recessions drive an increased supply of surplus assets and an increased demand for liquidation services, which we believe we are well-positioned to provide. Further, consumer lending and resulting charge-offs, specifically via credit cards, are expected to continue their upward trend to meet, and possibly exceed, pre-pandemic levels, which we believe will drive an increased supply of charged off and non-performing assets. Additionally, we believe an active market for mergers and acquisitions in manufacturing industries drives demand for industrial asset liquidations and our services. The market in which we operate is highly fragmented, presenting a continued opportunity for the Company to increase market share and drive consolidation.

High return on invested capital - We believe we have an opportunity to drive improved auction economics by serving more frequently in the role of principal rather than the lower margin role of broker.

Strong management team. We have built an experienced executive-level management team with deep domain expertise. Our President and Chief Executive Officer, Ross Dove, is a third-generation auctioneer and a pioneering innovator in applying technology to the asset liquidation industry. Mr. Dove began his career in the auction business over forty years ago, beginning with a small family-owned auction house and helping to expand it into a global firm, DoveBid, which was sold to a third party in 2008. In addition, our senior management team has deep domain expertise in both industrial asset and financial asset transactions. On September 17, 2020, we entered into an Employment Agreement with Kirk Dove, the former President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company. Upon his resignation, Kirk Dove continued his employment with us in an advisory capacity, and is expected to do so until December 31, 2027. Also, during 2020, Nick Dove was appointed as President, Industrial Assets Division, and David Ludwig was appointed as President, Financial Assets Division. Nick Dove previously served as Executive Vice President of Sales of Heritage Global Partners since August 2017. David Ludwig previously served as President of NLEX, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, and has served in such capacity since the Company acquired NLEX in 2014.

Financial Assets Division

Our Financial Assets Division provides services to issuers of consumer credit that are looking to monetize nonperforming and charged-off loans — loans that creditors have written off as uncollectable. Nonperforming and charged-off loans typically originate from banks that issue unsecured consumer credit.

Brokerage Segment

Through NLEX, we act as an advisor for sales of charged-off and nonperforming asset portfolios via an electronic auction exchange platform for banks and other debt holders throughout the United States and Canada. Since the 1980s, NLEX has sold over $200 billion face value of performing, nonperforming and charged-off assets. NLEX sales range from credit card, secured and unsecured consumer and business loans, and automobile defaults to real estate nonperforming loans. The typical credit we broker sells at a discount to face value, and we typically receive a commission for these services from both buyers and sellers. We have existing relationships with high quality, top-tier and mid-tier debt buyers. In addition to its creditor relationships, NLEX has continued to be opportunistic as new lending facilities, such as FinTech, peer-to-peer and more recently Buy Now Pay Later lenders have expanded the availability of consumer credit. Because of growing volume in this industry, and due to continued elevated delinquency and charge-off rates, we anticipate growth opportunities in our brokerage segment as these sectors evolve. Given many of our clients' limited resources in this space, we have also implemented post-sale support, further entrenching NLEX with our dedicated clients as well as differentiating us from competitors.

Specialty Lending Segment

Through HGC, we provide specialty financing solutions to investors in charged-off and nonperforming asset portfolios. Since the inception of HGC in 2019, we have issued $157.2 million in total loans to investors by both self- funded loans and in partnership with senior lenders. Our portion of the total loans funded since inception is $70.8 million. Our income from secured lending consists of upfront fees, interest income, monthly monitoring fees and backend profit share. As of June 30, 2025, our net balance related to investments in loans to buyers of charged-off and nonperforming receivable portfolios was $27.1 million, of which $8.7 million is classified as notes receivable and $18.4 million is classified as equity method investments.

Specialty Lending - Concentration and credit risk

As of June 30, 2025, we held a gross balance of investments in notes receivable of $28.3 million, recorded in both notes receivable and equity method investments, and consisting of one borrower’s note balance of approximately $21.8 million, representing 77% of our total gross notes receivable balance as of June 30, 2025, as compared to 74% as of December 31, 2024. As discussed further above, our largest borrower is in default. As a result, the balance of the loans outstanding with our largest borrower were in nonaccrual status as of June 30, 2025. Whether we will realize any return with respect to the impacted loans is uncertain. We do not intend to hold highly concentrated balances due from one borrower as part of its long-term strategy but will in the short term have concentration risk on our path to an established and diversified portfolio.

We do not evaluate concentration risk solely based on balance due from specific borrowers, but also consider the number of portfolio purchases, type of charged off accounts within the portfolio, and the seller of the portfolio when determining the overall risk. Of the balance due from one borrower of $21.8 million, there are 11 distinct loan agreements, the underlying portfolio of accounts are diversified throughout FinTech, installment loans and credit card accounts, and further diversified amongst six separate sellers of these charged off portfolios.

We mitigate this concentration risk by requiring, and monitoring, security from each borrower consisting of their charged off and nonperforming receivable portfolios. We engage in a due diligence process that leverages our valuation expertise, knowledge and experience in the underlying nonperforming receivable portfolios marketplace. In the event of default, we are entitled to call the unpaid interest and principal balances and receive all net collections directly. We may also recover our investment by engaging a third party to collect on the underlying charged off or nonperforming receivable portfolio or the underlying portfolio can be sold through our Brokerage segment. In certain cases, our recovery options may be subject to concurrence of the originator or other prior holder of the assets.

Industrial Assets Division

Our Industrial Assets Division advises enterprise and financial customers on the sale of industrial assets, mostly from surplus and sometimes distressed circumstances while acting as an agent, guarantor or principal in the sale.

Auction and Liquidation Segment

Through HGP, we offer a global full-service auction, appraisal and asset advisory firm, including the acquisition of turnkey manufacturing facilities and used industrial machinery and equipment. The fees for our services typically range from 15%–50%, depending on our role and the transaction. This division predominantly targets sellers of surplus or distressed “inside the building” assets. Our buyers consist of both end-users and dealers.

Refurbishment & Resale Segment

Through ALT, we have specialized our offering in the biotech and pharma sectors, which have been key verticals over the past decade. ALT focuses on refurbishing and reselling laboratory equipment.

Our management team has decades of domain expertise with the ability to leverage extensive industry relationships, real time access to databases of buyers and sales, as well as a deep understanding of the underlying asset value across the more than 25 industrial sectors in which we operate. We believe we have the opportunity for growth in our auction services through our ability to secure ongoing contracts with large multinational sellers, to be a first mover in emerging sectors, and to gain market share in sectors in which we are currently less active. Our extensive network and ability to find and source new opportunities are key factors for expansion. We believe we have the opportunity for growth in our valuation services through the addition of incremental bank-approved vendor lists, geographic expansion and through deeper penetration with our existing bank relationships.

Government Regulation and Activities

We are subject to federal, state and local consumer protection laws, including laws protecting the privacy of customer non-public information and regulations prohibiting unfair and deceptive trade practices. Many jurisdictions also regulate “auctions” and “auctioneers” and may regulate online auction services. These consumer protection laws and regulations could result in substantial compliance costs and could interfere with the conduct of our business.

Legislation in the United States has increased public companies’ regulatory and compliance costs as well as the scope and cost of work provided by independent registered public accountants and legal advisors. As regulatory and compliance guidelines continue to evolve, we may incur additional costs in the future, which may or may not be material, in order to comply with legislative requirements or rules, pronouncements and guidelines by regulatory bodies.

The current domestic and international political environment have contributed to uncertainty surrounding the future state of the global economy. While it is difficult to predict the ultimate effect of tariffs, trade disputes, and related matters on our business, to the extent that imported goods are subject to tariffs that reduce their availability and increase their price, demand may increase for the used industrial assets sold at our auctions, which could benefit our business. With respect to our Financial Assets Division, an economic downturn could increase the amount of distressed debt, which would tend to increase opportunities for our brokerage and specialty lending businesses, but could also reduce the collectability of the charged off receivables purchased by our debt buyers, which would negatively affect our specialty lending business.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations references our unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). This requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Significant estimates include the assessment of collectability of revenue recognized and the valuation of accounts receivable and notes receivable, inventory, investments, goodwill and intangible assets, liabilities, deferred income tax assets and liabilities including projecting future years’ taxable income, and stock-based compensation. These estimates have the potential to significantly impact our consolidated financial statements, either because of the significance of the financial statement item to which they relate, or because they require judgment and estimation due to the uncertainty involved in measuring, at a specific point in time, events that are continuous in nature.

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements.

We have not paid any dividends, and do not expect to pay any dividends in the future.

The critical accounting policies used in the preparation of our audited consolidated financial statements are discussed in our Form 10-K. There were no material changes to these policies during the six months ended June, 2025.

Management’s Discussion of Financial Condition

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

We had working capital of $16.4 million and $18.5 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Our current assets as of June 30, 2025 decreased to $32.1 million compared to $33.1 million as of December 31, 2024. This change was primarily due to a decrease in cash of $1.9 million and a decrease in other current assets of $0.3 million, partially offset by an increase in inventory of $0.3 million, an increase in the current portion of notes receivable of $0.2 million, and an increase in accounts receivable of $0.6 million. Our current liabilities as of June 30, 2025 increased to $15.7 million compared to $14.6 million as of December 31, 2024. The most significant changes were an increase of $0.6 million in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and a $0.7 increase in our payables to sellers due to the timing of certain asset liquidation settlements, partially offset by a decrease of $0.3 million in current portion of third party debt.

During the six months ended June 30, 2025, our primary source of cash was cash on hand, cash provided by operating activities, principal repayments on outstanding loans, and proceeds from a promissory note, a business loan agreement and commercial security agreement (collectively, the “Mortgage Loan Agreement”) with C3bank, National Association, that provides for a $4.1 million term loan (the “Mortgage”). Cash disbursements during the six months ended June 30, 2025 consisted primarily of investments in notes receivable, investments in equity method investments including related participating interest, repurchases of our common stock, and the purchase of our new building for $7.4 million.

We believe we can fund our operations and our debt service obligations for 12 months from the date of filing this quarterly report and beyond through a combination of working capital, cash flows from our on-going operations and accessing financing from our existing line of credit.

Our indebtedness consists of a promissory note dated August 23, 2021 (the “ALT Note”) issued in the amount of $2.0 million as part of the aggregate purchase price paid to acquire certain assets and liabilities of American Laboratory Trading, the Mortgage of $4.1 million and any amounts borrowed under our 2021 Credit Facility. The terms of the ALT Note require us to pay off the Note in 48 equal installments of approximately $44,000 with an interest rate of 3% per annum and a maturity date of August 23, 2025. As of June 30, 2025, we had an outstanding balance of $0.1 million on the ALT Note.

On February 6, 2025 we entered into “the Mortgage Loan Agreement” with C3bank, National Association (the “Lender”). The Mortgage Loan Agreement provides for the Mortgage which we used to purchase real property and the building located at 6130 Nancy Ridge Drive in San Diego, California on February 11, 2025. This property will be used as the Company’s future corporate headquarters and as future warehouse and office space for the operations of Heritage Global Partners, Inc., our subsidiary that operates our Auction and Liquidation segment. As of June 30, 2025, we had an outstanding balance of $4.1 million on the Mortgage.

On December 27, 2024, the Company entered into a Loan Modification Agreement and Reaffirmation of Loan (the “Fifth Modification Agreement”), by and between the Company and the Lender. The Fifth Modification Agreement modifies and reaffirms the 2021 Credit Facility to, among other things, extend the maturity date to June 27, 2026, modify the applicable interest rate, and further modify the loan covenants. We are permitted to use the proceeds of the loan solely for our business operations. As of June 30, 2025, we had no outstanding balance on the 2021 Credit Facility.

Capital Resources

As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had stockholders’ equity of $65.7 million and $65.2 million, respectively.

We determine our future capital and operating requirements based upon our current and projected operating performance and contractual commitments. We expect to be able to finance our future operations through a combination of working capital, future net cash flows from operating activities and our 2021 Credit Facility. Our contractual requirements are limited to the outstanding debt and lease commitments with related and unrelated parties. Capital requirements are generally limited to our purchases of surplus and distressed assets and our investment activity under our Specialty Lending segment. We believe that our current capital resources, including available borrowing capacity from our 2021 Credit Facility is sufficient for these requirements. In the event additional capital is needed, we believe we can obtain additional debt financing through capital partners.

Cash Position and Cash Flows

Cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2025 were $19.8 million as compared to $21.7 million as of December 31, 2024, a decrease of approximately $1.9 million. The total cash amount reflected on our balance sheet represents the total cash and cash equivalents held on account. Cash amounts owed to our clients are identified as payables to sellers within current liabilities. We view cash net of payables to sellers as available for operations or investment purposes. As of June 30, 2025 payables to sellers was $8.1 million, resulting in a net cash available balance of $11.7 million compared to available cash of $14.3 million as of December 31, 2024.

Cash From Operating Activities

Cash provided by operations was $4.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025 as compared to $7.7 million during the same period in 2024. The approximate $3.2 million change was primarily attributable to a decrease in operating assets and liabilities of $3.8 million offset by an increase of $0.6 million in net income adjusted for noncash items during the six months ended June 30, 2025 as compared to the same period in 2024.

The changes in operating assets and liabilities during the six months ended June 30, 2025 as compared to the same period in 2024 are primarily due to the nature of our operations. We earn revenue from discrete asset liquidation deals that vary considerably with respect to their magnitude and timing, and that can consist of fees, commissions, asset sale proceeds, or a combination thereof. The operating assets and liabilities associated with these deals are, therefore, subject to the same variability and can be quite different at the end of any given period.

Cash From Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2025 was $8.6 million compared to cash provided by investing activities of $5.5 million during the same period in 2024.

Cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2025 consisted primarily of purchase of property and equipment of $7.6 million, investments in notes receivable of $3.0 million, investment in equity method investments of $1.6 million and an investment in a participating interest of $1.6 million. Cash used in investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2025 was offset by payments received on notes receivable of $3.9 million and return of investment and cash distributions received from equity method investments of $1.3 million.

Cash provided by investing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2024 consisted primarily of payments received on notes receivable of $6.1 million and return of investment and cash distributions received from equity method investments of $4.3 million. Cash provided by investing activities during the three months ended June 30, 2024 was offset by cash used in investing activities primarily of investments in notes receivable of $4.5 million and equity method investments of $0.3 million.

Cash From Financing Activities

Cash provided by financing activities was approximately $2.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to cash used in financing activities of $0.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2024. Financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2025 consisted primarily of $4.1 million in proceeds from our Mortgage and $1.1 million of proceeds from secured borrowing, partially offset by $2.6 million in repurchases of our common stock. Financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2024 consisted primarily of $0.6 million in repayments of our Term Loan and $0.3 million in repayments to our ALT Note.

Contractual Obligations

Our significant contractual obligations are our third party loans, client and partner asset liquidation settlement payments and lease obligations. The loan and lease obligations are fully described in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in our Form 10-K.

Management’s Discussion of Results of Operations

The following table sets out the Company’s condensed consolidated results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands).

Our revenue has several components: (1) traditional fee based asset disposition services, such as commissions from on-line and webcast auctions, liquidations and negotiated sales, and commissions from the NLEX charged-off receivables business, (2) the acquisition and subsequent disposition of distressed and surplus assets, including industrial machinery and equipment and real estate, and (3) fees and interest earned for appraisal, management advisory services and specialty lending services.

We report segment information based on the “management” approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), which was determined to be Ross Dove, CEO, for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of our reportable segments. We manage our business primarily on differentiated revenue streams for services offered. Our reportable segments consist of the Auction and Liquidation segment, Refurbishment & Resale segment, Brokerage segment, and Specialty Lending segment. The Auction and Liquidation segment, through HGP, operates as a global full-service auction, appraisal and asset advisory firm, including the acquisition of turnkey manufacturing facilities and used industrial machinery and equipment. The Refurbishment & Resale segment, through ALT, acquires, refurbishes and supplies specialized laboratory equipment. The Brokerage segment, through NLEX, brokers charged-off receivables in the U.S. and Canada on behalf of financial institutions. The Specialty Lending segment, through HGC, provides specialty financing solutions to investors in charged-off and nonperforming asset portfolios.

Our CODM evaluates the performance of the Company's reportable segments based primarily on operating income and routinely receives internal reports that analyze operating income for the reporting segments. The CODM is not routinely provided detailed information regarding significant operating expenses by segment, and such information is not considered critical for allocating resources or assessing the performance of each segment. Our operating expenses are comprised mainly of fixed and variable compensation, marketing, outside services such as audit, legal and information technology, occupancy, and other regulatory costs incurred as a public entity. Additionally, earnings from equity method investments related to significant transactions involving real estate, machinery and equipment in the Company's Auction and Liquidation segment and Joint Venture lending activity related to the Company's Specialty Lending segment are significant in the computation of segment operating income and reported separately as shown in the table below.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the reported segment operating income for ALT and HGC represents incremental costs for managing these segments as part of their sister segments (HGP for ALT and NLEX for HGC). As such, the reported operating income for ALT and HGC does not represent their true standalone contribution, as we do not attempt to allocate existing fixed divisional overhead costs of the sister divisions to the newer segments. Similarly, corporate overhead cost is not allocated to the operating divisions for management reporting purposes. Further, we do not utilize segmented asset information to evaluate the performance of our reportable segments and do not include intercompany transfers between segments for management reporting purposes.

The following table sets forth certain financial information for the Company's reportable segments for the three month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):

The following tables sets forth certain financial information for the Company's reportable segments for the six month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):

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[1] Within the Company’s Industrial Asset division, management allocates gross profit resulting from certain auctions from Auctions and Liquidation (HGP) to Refurbishment & Resale (ALT). From time to time, ALT may source and refer an auction project to HGP or directly sell lab equipment inventory through the auction channel. In these instances, the profits relating to these transactions are allocated to ALT rather than accounted for under the segment profit or loss of HGP. During the three months ended June 30, 2025, the total amount of gross profit allocated to ALT from HGP was approximately $0.4 million, as compared to the total amount of gross profit allocated to ALT during the same period of 2024 of approximately $0.2 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2025, the total amount of gross profit allocated to ALT from HGP was approximately $0.6 million, as compared to the total amount of gross profit allocated to ALT during the same period of 2024 of approximately $0.5 million.

[2] All financing arrangements are originated with Corporate and other. Management may determine from time to time that interest incurred from financing arrangements are directly attributable to a specific segment. As a result, interest incurred may be charged to the segment and included in that segment’s profit or loss as a charge to operating expense. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, the total amount of interest allocated to Specialty Lending (HGC) from Corporate and other was approximately $0.1 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the total amount of interest allocated to Specialty Lending (HGC) from Corporate and other was approximately $0.3 million. No interest expense has been allocated to operating segments as of June 30, 2025.

Three-Month Period Ended June 30, 2025 Compared to Three-Month Period Ended June 30, 2024

Revenues and cost of revenues – Revenues were $14.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to $12.0 million during the same period in 2024. Costs of services revenue and asset sales were $5.9 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to $3.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2024. The gross profit of these items was $8.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to $8.3 million during the same period in 2024, an increase of approximately $0.1 million, or approximately 1%. The increase in gross profit in the second quarter of 2025 compared to the second quarter of 2024 is primarily due to normal changes in the timing and magnitude of transactions.

Selling, general and administrative expense – Selling, general and administrative expense was $6.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to $6.3 million during the same period in 2024.

Significant components of selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are shown below (in thousands):

Selling, general and administrative expense during the second quarter of 2025 were generally consistent with selling, general and administrative expense during the second quarter of 2024.

Depreciation and amortization expense – Depreciation and amortization expense was $0.1 million during both the three month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Earnings in Equity Method Investments – Earnings in equity method investments were $0.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2025 compared to $1.7 million during the same period in 2024. The $1.6 million decrease is mainly due to our $1.3 million share of earnings from the KNFH II LLC joint venture recorded in the second quarter of 2024.

Six-Month Period Ended June 30, 2025 Compared to Six-Month Period Ended June 30, 2024

Revenues and cost of revenues – Revenues were $27.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to $24.2 million during the same period in 2024. Costs of services revenue and asset sales were $11.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to $7.6 million during the same period in 2024. The gross profit of these items was $16.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to $16.6 million during the same period in 2024, a decrease of approximately $0.2 million, or approximately 1%. The decrease in gross profit through the second quarter of 2025 compared to through the second quarter of 2024 is primarily due to normal changes in the timing and magnitude of asset liquidation transactions.

Selling, general and administrative expense – Selling, general and administrative expense was $12.7 million during both the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Significant components of selling, general and administrative expense for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are shown below (in thousands):

Selling, general and administrative expense through the second quarter of 2025 were generally consistent with selling, general and administrative expense through the second quarter of 2024.

Depreciation and amortization expense – Depreciation and amortization expense was $0.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to $0.3 million in the same period in 2024.

Earnings in Equity Method Investments – Earnings in equity method investments were $0.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2025 compared to $2.5 million during the same period in 2024. The $2.4 million decrease is mainly due to our $1.3 million share of earnings from the KNFH II LLC joint venture recorded in the second quarter of 2024 and partially due to a lower amount of earnings in equity method investments under the modified cost recovery method in our Specialty Lending segment.

Key Performance Indicators

We monitor a number of financial and non-financial measures on a regular basis in order to track our underlying operational performance and trends. Other than operating income (a GAAP financial measure as shown in our consolidated statements of income), which we believe is the most important measure of our operational performance and trends, we believe that EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP financial measures) are key performance indicators (“KPIs”) for our business. These KPIs may not be defined or calculated in the same way as similar KPIs used by other companies.

We prepared our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. We define EBITDA as net income plus depreciation and amortization, interest expense, and provision for income taxes. Adjusted EBITDA reflects EBITDA adjusted further to eliminate the effects of stock-based compensation. Management uses EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA in assessing the Company’s results, evaluating the Company’s performance and in reaching operating and strategic decisions. Management believes that the presentation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, when considered together with our GAAP financial statements and the reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, is useful in providing investors a more complete understanding of the factors and trends affecting the underlying performance of the Company on a historical and ongoing basis. Our use of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is not meant to be, and should not be, considered in isolation or as a substitute for, or superior to, any GAAP financial measure. You should carefully evaluate the financial information below, which reconciles our GAAP reported net income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented (in thousands).

As of the end of the period covered by this Report, our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer (the “Certifying Officers”) conducted evaluations of our disclosure controls and procedures. As defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), the term “disclosure controls and procedures” means controls and other procedures of an issuer that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including the Certifying Officers, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, the Certifying Officers have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2025.

Further, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the six months ended June 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.