United States Antimony Corp: Form 10-K for the period ended Dec 31, 2025

Overview

United States Antimony Corporation’s (“US Antimony,” “USAC,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our,”) principal business is in the mining, procuring, processing and sale of antimony and precious metals, primarily gold and silver, in Montana and Mexico, and the mining, processing, and sale of zeolite in Idaho. Beginning in late 2024 and continuing in 2025, the Company acquired mining claims in Alaska, Montana, and Canada prospective for antimony, tungsten, cobalt and other critical minerals. In addition, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire exploration rights for mining properties located in the southeastern United States. The Company also procured antimony ore from new international suppliers and is nearing construction completion of an expansion of its antimony processing facility located in Montana that is expected to more than triple its current capacity. This additional antimony supply and processing capacity will be used to fulfill the Company’s two new five-year sales contracts with the U.S. Defense Logistics Agency and an industrial customer, both of which were secured in 2025.

On March 11, 2026, the Company’s common stock began trading on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”). Prior to that date, the Company’s common stock was listed on the NYSE American exchange and the NYSE Texas.

Antimony and zeolite are minerals used in a wide range of industrial, commercial, and governmental applications, and the Company supplies these minerals in processed forms suitable for end-use applications.

Antimony

The Company began operations in Montana in 1970 to mine and process antimony ore. Antimony mining ceased in the U.S. in the 1980’s, including our antimony mining operation located in Montana, due to a significant increase of less expensive antimony ore being imported into the United States. However, the Company continued to process ore sourced from foreign suppliers into antimony trioxide, antimony metal, and antimony trisulfide and into precious metals, primarily gold and silver, at its facility in Montana. In 2025, the Company purchased the surface rights for some of its patented mining claims in Montana and mined 840 tons of antimony ore. While still procuring antimony ore from foreign suppliers, the Company’s operation in Montana is once again vertically integrated with the mining of its own ore in 2025. The Company also processes antimony ore at its two facilities located in Mexico, which are included in the Company’s subsidiary, US Antimony de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. (“USAMSA”), that it formed in Mexico in 1998. The Company established another subsidiary, Antimonio de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. (“ADM”), in Mexico in 2005 to explore and develop antimony and precious metal deposits in Mexico. Our Los Juarez mining claims and concessions in Mexico are included in ADM. Currently, the Company has no active operations in the Los Juarez, Mexico area.

Effective August 28, 2025, the Company completed its reincorporation from the State of Montana to the State of Texas (the “Texas Reincorporation”). Approved by stockholders at the Company’s 2025 Annual Meeting, the transition was a structural change in the Company’s legal domicile and did not result in any changes to its business operations, management, personnel, or financial condition. The Company’s corporate headquarters is located in Dallas, Texas, and its common stock continues to trade without interruption on the two listed exchanges.

Antimony is on all the Critical Minerals Lists of the U.S. Government. Antimony mined from the ground, which is called antimony ore or ore, is typically not salable as a finished product primarily due to impurities in the ore, the ore size not being compatible with its intended use, and the percentage of antimony contained in the ore being too low. The Company processes antimony ore to remove impurities, refine particle size, and increase antimony content to approximately 71.4% to make the finished product called antimony trisulfide, to approximately 83% to make the finished product called antimony oxide or trioxide, and to approximately 99.65% to make the finished product called antimony metal ingots. Antimony trisulfide, trioxide, and metal ingots can be sold as finished products to companies in many industries as well as government agencies.

Antimony trioxide is used to form a flame-retardant system for plastics, rubber, fiberglass, textile goods, paints, coatings, and paper, as a color fastener in paint, and as a phosphorescent agent in fluorescent light bulbs. Antimony metal ingots are used in bearings, storage batteries, and ordnance. Antimony trisulfide is used as a primer for ammunition and in other applications. The ore we purchase for our processing facility located in Montana contains antimony, gold, and silver. Our Montana facility processes this ore and generally sells the recovered gold and silver back to the ore supplier, which represents substantially all of the Company’s precious metals sales, and sells the antimony to other companies in various industries. The Company’s facilities in Mexico process ore primarily into antimony metal ingots, a lower grade of antimony oxide, and precious metals.

In September 2025, the Company secured a five-year, sole-source Indefinite Delivery, Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract with the U.S. Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Strategic Materials, which is responsible for managing the National Defense Stockpile (NDS). The contract, with a maximum value of $248 million, is for the sale of antimony metal ingots (99.65% purity) through September 2030. Pricing is determined at the time each sales order is placed by the DLA. The Company received sales orders under this contract in September 2025 and January 2026 totaling approximately $12 million. No revenue was recognized under this contract in fiscal 2025.

In November 2025, the Company executed a five-year sales agreement with a new industrial customer for the sale of antimony trioxide. The agreement specifies a monthly delivery schedule through December 2026. Thereafter, delivery volumes, pricing (subject to semiannual market-based adjustments), and delivery schedules are subject to mutual written agreement every six months.

Zeolite

Zeolite is a mineral used in a variety of filtration, cattle feed, and environmental applications. The Company mines, processes, and sells zeolite at its facility located in Idaho, which is included in the Company’s subsidiary, Bear River Zeolite Company (“BRZ”), that it formed in Idaho in 2000. Zeolite can be used for water filtration, sewage treatment, nuclear waste and other environmental cleanup, odor control, gas separation, animal nutrition, soil amendment and fertilizer, and other miscellaneous applications. The Company established formal mineral resources and reserves associated with the zeolite mine under lease through a Technical Report Summary filed in July 2025 (see exhibit to Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2025). This report was prepared by qualified experts pursuant to SEC S-K 1300 standards and reflects the results of comprehensive test hole drilling and metallurgical evaluation. Given the environmental disturbance related to mining, the Company works with government agencies to comply with applicable environmental regulations and health and safety standards and strives to operate responsibly for the health, safety, and protection of our employees and the environment.

In 2026, the Company began expanding its commercial presence in the animal nutrition industry through a third party with extensive relationships in that sector, where zeolite products are used as feed amendments. Through this relationship, the Company has received introductions to several animal nutrition customers and has begun supplying zeolite products to select customers introduced through this relationship. The Company is in the process of formalizing a definitive agreement with this third party to support further development of these relationships.

Mining Claims

Beginning in late 2024 and continuing into 2025 and 2026, the Company began acquiring mining claims and leases in Alaska, Montana, and Ontario, Canada. The Company believes these mining claims and leases will support further expansion of the Company’s future operations and product offerings.

During 2025, the Company executed four agreements to acquire ownership rights to mining claims located in the Fairbanks District of Alaska. In September 2025, the Company obtained required permits and conducted limited exploration trenching at two sites prior to the end of the mining season due to harsh weather conditions. Exploration activities were limited in scope and did not include mining or production activities.

In June 2025, the Company acquired the Fostung Properties in the Sudbury District of Ontario, consisting of 50 single-cell tungsten mining claims. The Company completed fieldwork but has not yet extracted any minerals from the properties. On March 3, 2026, the Company announced the completion of an initial resource engineering study regarding these mining claims to determine the property’s initial mineral resources; however, the report has not yet been filed with the SEC. The Company also holds an option agreement covering 97 mining claims and three mining leases located in the Sudbury District of Ontario with identified potential for cobalt, nickel, and copper. The Company has not received approval to conduct mining activities on these properties. Permitted activities during 2025 were limited to geological mapping, resulting in minimal surface disturbance.

In May 2025, the Company acquired the surface rights related to one of its patented lode mining claims located in the Thompson Falls, Montana area. In addition, the Company addressed logistical constraints related to its workforce. Given the limited local availability of residential housing options in Thompson Falls, Montana, the Company purchased an existing housing development in the local area. This investment provides a dedicated housing solution to attract and retain the skilled labor to support increased staffing levels for our growing operations and smelting expansion in Montana.

In November 2025, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire exploration rights for mining properties located in the southeastern United States. Additional purchases of mining properties in this region are in process.

In January 2026, the Company purchased mining claims located in the Koyukuk Mining District of Alaska that are prospective for antimony and gold. This agreement does not require the Company to make any royalty payments.

Equity Securities

In October 2025, the Company acquired approximately 10% of the total issued share capital of Larvotto Resources Limited (“Larvotto”), an Australian-based mineral exploration and development company focused on critical minerals, particularly antimony and gold, through open-market cash purchases in the Australian market totaling $37.2 million.

Recent Developments

In 2026, the Company: i) completed the acquisition of a fully operational flotation and concentration facility in Radersburg, Montana, ii) entered into a joint venture agreement with Americas Gold and Silver Corporation (“Americas”) to construct and operate a new, state-of-the-art hydrometallurgical processing facility, iii) acquired additional mining claims in the Thompson Falls, Montana area, iv) acquired mining claims located in the Koyukuk Mining District of Alaska, v) announced that it had been awarded $27.0 million by the U.S. Department of War under Title III of the Defense Production Act to fund the expansion and modernization of the Company’s domestic antimony production capabilities, vi) received gross proceeds of $1.4 million for sales of shares of common stock, and vii) received proceeds of $1.0 million from the exercise of warrants. See Note 16 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report for further details on these developments.

Products, Markets, and Segments

Our products consist primarily of the following:

• Antimony: includes antimony oxide, antimony metal ingots, and antimony trisulfide;
• Zeolite: includes coarse and fine zeolite crushed in various sizes; and
• Precious metals: includes refined and unrefined gold and silver.

All sales of antimony, zeolite, and precious metals products are to customers primarily in the United States and Canada.

The Company’s operations are organized and managed through two reportable segments, antimony and zeolite. Our Montana facility processes ore containing antimony and precious metals, specifically gold and silver. While gold and silver account for all precious metals processing and sales for the Company, the associated extraction and processing costs cannot be meaningfully separated between antimony and precious metals. Therefore, our precious metals operations and corresponding financial results are included within our antimony segment.

Additionally, the Company has no active, revenue-producing operations yet at its mining claims and leases in Los Juarez, Mexico, Ontario, Canada, Montana, or Alaska. Therefore, the Company has included these locations as well as its apartment complex and residential home in Thompson Falls, MT in its “All Other” category for segment reporting. See further description of the Company’s segments in Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report.

Antimony Segment

Our antimony segment consists of:

• Our facility located in the Burns Mining District of Sanders County in Montana that processes ore primarily into antimony trioxide, antimony metal ingots, antimony trisulfide, and precious metals, and
• Our two facilities in our USAMSA subsidiary located in Mexico that process ore primarily into antimony metal ingots and a lower grade of antimony trioxide.

We estimate, but have not independently confirmed, that our present share of the domestic and international markets for antimony trioxide products is around 4% and less than 1%, respectively.

Uses of Our Antimony Products

Antimony trioxide is a fine, white powder that is used in conjunction with a halogen to form a synergistic flame-retardant system for plastics, rubber, fiberglass, textile goods, paints, coatings, and paper. Antimony trioxide is also used as a color fastener in paint and as a phosphorescent agent in fluorescent light bulbs. Antimony metal is used in bearings, storage batteries and ordnance. Antimony trisulfide is used as a primer in ammunition. The precious metals processed at our Montana facility include gold and silver.

Ore Supply

Historically, our Montana facility has purchased ore primarily from one supplier in Canada. The Company renewed its annual contract with this supplier and plans to continue to purchase ore from this supplier throughout calendar year 2026. The ore purchased from this supplier in Canada contains antimony, gold, and silver. Therefore, the metallurgical techniques employed by our Montana facility for the recovery of antimony from this ore are altered to also recover the gold and silver. After the gold and silver are recovered, our supplier of ore in Canada typically purchases the gold and silver back from the Company on an intermittent basis throughout the year.

Located adjacent to the Thompson Falls smelting facility in Sanders County, Montana, the Stibnite Hill property is a project that produced approximately 840 tons of antimony-bearing material during a mechanized bulk sampling program initiated in October 2025. Following approval from the Montana Department of Environmental Quality to modify its operating plan, the Company utilized a mining method to extract material for processing and metallurgical evaluation at a recently purchased flotation facility. While Stibnite Hill represents a potential long-term source of feedstock for the Company’s smelting operations, mining remains seasonal and no mineral reserves or resources have been established to date. Future development remains subject to ongoing exploration and development results, further permitting, success in purchases of additional land, and prevailing market conditions.

The Company contracted with new ore suppliers in 2025 to provide antimony ore to our Madero facility in Mexico. The majority of the ore received from these sources in 2025 was of lower quality, but recent shipments have contained higher-grade material. These suppliers are expected to deliver additional volumes provided these higher-quality deliveries remain consistent, which we expect will significantly expand our ore supply base and reduce our dependence on any single source.

In October 2025, the Company entered into a supply agreement with an international supplier using a hydrometallurgical facility for the purchase of antimony that meets specified quality standards over a period of approximately 36 months. The Company also extended a promissory note for approximately $2.5 million to the supplier. The note currently bears interest at the lesser of the highest non-usurious rate of interest, if any, permitted by applicable law or 10%. Monthly principal and interest payments are scheduled to begin in March 2026, while the remaining balance of principal and interest are due in December 2026. The loan proceeds have been used by the supplier, subject to the Company’s approval, to purchase antimony concentrate and equipment. Payment of the promissory note is secured by all assets of the borrower and a corresponding personal guarantee from the principal owner.

We have relied on sources outside the U.S. for antimony ore since 1983, and there are risks of interruption in procurement from these sources and volatile changes in world market prices for these materials that are not controllable by us. As a result, we have procured antimony ore from new suppliers in 2025 located in different countries in order to lessen dependence on any one supplier. In addition, the Company purchased in 2024 and 2025 mining claims in Alaska, Montana, and Ontario, Canada with the goal of owning and securing our ore supply of antimony and other critical minerals. The Company also entered into an agreement to acquire exploration rights for mining properties located in the southeastern United States.

The procurement of antimony ore is technically complex and there are complicating factors with each purchase, some of which include the contents of the ore, the performance of the ore during our processing, the amount of ore that can be supplied monthly, and the country’s laws and regulations. Our purchasing consequently requires specificity regarding supply agreements, credit support, etc. and is tailored accordingly to specific suppliers.

Competitive Advantage

We believe we have a competitive advantage due to the following:

• We are the only U.S. based domestic processor of antimony products.
• We have short processing times so domestic customers can obtain antimony finished products relatively quickly.
• We have a long reputation for delivering quality products on a timely basis.
• We have the only operating, vertically integrated, and permitted antimony smelter located in the United States.
• Our smelter in Coahuila, Mexico is the largest operating smelter for the processing of antimony products in Mexico.

Antimony Sales

Following is a schedule of our antimony sales for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 and the related change from the prior year:

(a) Revenue from sales of gold and silver totaled $519,902 and $525,087 and revenue from sales of antimony ore and concentrates totaled $nil and $368,627 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, which are excluded from Antimony Sales in the chart above but included in the antimony segment. Antimony Pounds Sold in the chart above excludes the pounds sold related to gold, silver, and ore and concentrates for both years presented.

Antimony Price Fluctuations

We report our average antimony sales price per pound using antimony sales from our antimony products. However, our sales and operating results from our antimony products have been and will continue to be somewhat tied to the Rotterdam antimony market price, which has fluctuated widely over the past several years. The Rotterdam average market price per pound of antimony was approximately $23.88 in 2025 and $10.44 in 2024.

The market price of antimony is determined by several variables which are out of our control. These variables include the available supply of ore, the availability of processing facilities, the availability and price of imported antimony metal ingots, the quantity of new antimony metal ingots supply, and industrial demand for antimony metal ingots. If the antimony market price declines and remains depressed, our revenues and profitability will likely be adversely affected, especially during the time when the market price is declining.

Government and Industrial Sales Agreements

In September 2025, the Company secured a five-year, sole-source Indefinite Delivery, Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract with the U.S. Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Strategic Materials, which is responsible for managing the National Defense Stockpile (NDS). The contract, with a maximum value of $248 million, is for the sale of antimony metal ingots (99.65% purity) through September 2030. Pricing is determined at the time each delivery order is placed. The Company received delivery orders under this contract in September 2025 and January 2026 totaling approximately $12 million. No revenue had been recognized under this contract as of December 31, 2025.

In November 2025, the Company executed a five-year sales agreement with an industrial customer for the sale of antimony trioxide. The agreement specifies a monthly delivery schedule through December 2026. Thereafter, delivery volumes, pricing (subject to semiannual market-based adjustments), and delivery schedules are subject to mutual written agreement every six months.

Zeolite Segment

Our zeolite segment includes our vertically integrated Bear River Zeolite (“BRZ”) facility located in Preston, Idaho that mines, processes, and sells zeolite. Our zeolite has been used for many purposes including water filtration, absorption of ammonia from underground mining ventilation air, sewage treatment, nuclear waste and other environmental cleanup, odor control, gas separation, animal nutrition, soil amendment and fertilizer, and other miscellaneous applications.

BRZ has a lease through December 31, 2034 with Zeolite, LLC that entitles BRZ to surface mine and process zeolite on property located in Preston, Idaho, in exchange for an annual payment and a royalty payment, which is based on the amount of zeolite shipped from the leased property (“BRZ Lease”). BRZ pays two additional royalties on the sale of zeolite products tied to this property. In addition, BRZ can surface mine and process zeolite from mining claims on federal lands administered by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”) located adjacent to the Company’s Preston, Idaho property, subject to obtaining the required government operating permits.

“Zeolite” refers to a group of industrial minerals consisting of hydrated aluminosilicates that hold cations such as calcium, sodium, ammonium, various heavy metals, and potassium in their crystal lattice. Water is loosely held in cavities within the lattice. BRZ’s zeolite is considered to be one of the best zeolites in the world for water filtration, soil amendment, animal feed additive, and industrial absorption due to its high cation exchange capacity (CEC) averaging 146 meq/100 gr. (which predicts plant nutrient availability and retention in soil), its hardness and high clinoptilolite content (which is an effective barrier to prevent problematic radionuclide movement), its low clay content, and its low sodium content. Our zeolite products have been used in the following applications:

☐ Soil Amendment and Fertilizer. Zeolite has been successfully used to fertilize golf courses, sports fields, parks and common areas, and high value agricultural crops.

☐ Water Filtration. Zeolite is used for particulate, heavy metal and ammonium removal in swimming pools, municipal water systems, industrial water discharge streams, fisheries, fish farms, and aquariums.

☐ Mine Underground Ventilation. Zeolite is used in underground mining operations to help mitigate ammonia generated from the detonation of ammonium nitrate/fuel oil (ANFO) explosives. When ANFO explosives are detonated, ammonia can be released into the mine’s ventilation air, potentially affecting air quality for underground workers. Zeolite is employed as an absorbent material to capture ammonia from the ventilation stream, helping to reduce airborne ammonia concentrations and maintain a cleaner breathing environment for miners.

☐ Sewage Treatment. Zeolite is used in sewage treatment plants to remove nitrogen and as a carrier for microorganisms.

☐ Nuclear Waste and Other Environmental Cleanup. Zeolite has shown a strong ability to selectively remove strontium, cesium, radium, uranium, and various other radioactive isotopes from solution. It can also be used for the cleanup of industrial discharge water by removing soluble metals such as mercury, chromium, copper, lead, zinc, arsenic, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, antimony, calcium, silver and uranium.

☐ Odor Control. A major cause of odor around cattle, hog, and poultry feed lots is the generation of the ammonium in urea and manure. The ability of zeolite to absorb ammonium prevents the formation of ammonia gas, which disperses the odor.

☐ Gas Separation. Zeolite has been utilized in gas separation and purification processes, including re-oxygenation of downstream water from sewage plants, smelters, pulp and paper plants, and fishponds and tanks, and to remove carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from methane generators as organic waste, sanitary landfills, municipal sewage systems, animal waste treatment facilities. Zeolite is also effective in pressure swing apparatuses.

☐ Animal Nutrition. According to third-party research, the inclusion of up to 2% zeolite in animal feed may increase growth rates, improve feed conversion, and reduce digestive disorders.

☐ Miscellaneous Uses. Additional uses include catalysts, petroleum refining, concrete, solar energy and heat exchange, desiccants, pellet binding, horse and kitty litter, floor cleaner, traction control, ammonia removal from mining waste, and carriers for insecticides, pesticides and herbicides.

Concentration of Sales

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, customers accounting for 10% or more of the Company’s sales included the following:

Regulatory Matters

We are subject to the requirements of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s regulations, the states of Montana, Idaho, and Alaska, federal and state health and safety statutes and state and county health ordinances, as well as various governmental agencies in Mexico and Canada. We also must obtain and maintain various licenses and permits from various governmental agencies to operate our mines and plants and to conduct exploration. The following is a summary of governmental regulation compliance areas which we believe are significant to our business and may have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements, earnings and/or competitive position, although other regulations could be issued and/or become more material to our business and have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements, earnings and/or competitive position.

Health and Safety

We are subject to the regulations of the Mine Safety and Health Administration (“MSHA”) in the United States, the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (“CCOHS”) in Canada, The Ontario Ministry of Labor in Ontario, Canada (Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA) and Regulations for Mines & Mining Plants) and the Mexico Ministry of Economy and Mining in Mexico. We work with these agencies to address issues outlined in any inspection or review and to ensure compliance. Achieving and maintaining compliance with regulations will be challenging and may increase our operating costs.

Licenses, Permits and Claims/Concessions

We are required to obtain various licenses and permits to operate our mine and conduct exploration and reclamation activities. Targets at our Los Juarez exploration project in Mexico can only be developed if we are successful in obtaining the necessary permits. In addition, our operations and exploration activities in the United States, Canada, and Mexico are conducted pursuant to claims, concessions, or permits granted by the host government, and are subject to claims renewal and minimum work commitment requirements, which are subject to certain political risks associated with foreign operations. In Canada, we are obligated to consult with the appropriate First Nations in our areas of operations.

Environmental

Our operations are subject to various environmental laws and regulations in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Compliance with environmental regulations, and litigation based on environmental laws and regulations, involves significant costs and can threaten existing operations or constrain expansion opportunities. Mine closure and reclamation regulations impose substantial costs on our operations and include requirements that we provide financial assurance supporting those obligations. We have about $163,000 of financial assurances, primarily in the form of surety bonds, for reclamation company wide.

Our exploration, development and production programs conducted in the United States are subject to local, state and/or federal regulations regarding environmental protection. Some of our production and mining activities are conducted on public lands. The U.S. Forest Service extensively regulates mining operations conducted in National Forests. The Department of Interior regulations, administered by BLM, regulate mining operations that could cause surface disturbance carried out on most other public lands. All operations by us involving the exploration for or the production of minerals are subject to existing laws and regulations relating to exploration procedures, safety precautions, employee health and safety, air quality standards, pollution of water sources, waste materials, odor, noise, dust and other environmental protection requirements adopted by federal, state and local governmental authorities. We may be required to prepare and present data to these regulatory authorities pertaining to the effect or impact that any proposed exploration for, or production of, minerals may have upon the environment. Any changes to our reclamation and remediation plans, which may be required due to changes in state or federal regulations, could have an adverse effect on our operations and cash flow.

We accrue asset retirement obligations based on comprehensive remediation plans approved by the various regulatory agencies in connection with permitting or bonding requirements and based on regulatory requirements. Our accruals are adjusted when revisions to our cost estimates are needed, which could be due to changes to regulatory requirements. When remediation activity physically commences, we refine and revise our estimates of costs required to fulfill future environmental tasks based on contemporaneous cost information, operating experience, and changes in regulatory requirements. When regulatory agencies require additional tasks to be performed in connection with our environmental responsibilities, we evaluate the costs required to perform those tasks and adjust our accrual accordingly. In all cases, our accrual at year-end is based on the best information available at that time to calculate our asset retirement obligations.

Retirement and Reclamation Obligations related to our Antimony and Zeolite Segments

We accrued for the retirement obligations at our closed antimony mine and mill (“the Stibnite Hill Mine Site”) and at our active smelter and precious metals plant, all of which are in the Burns Mining District of Sanders County, Montana. We are under the regulatory jurisdiction of the U.S. Forest Service and subject to the operating permit requirements of the Montana Department of Environmental Quality. Some reclamation activities have been performed under the supervision of the U.S. Forest Service and Montana Department of Environmental Quality.

We accrued for the retirement obligations in Mexico. These obligations are under The Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources (“SEMARNAT”) and The Federal Attorney for Environmental Protection (“PROFEPA”) based on the Program for Environmental Vigilance (“PVA”).

We accrued for the retirement obligation for BRZ in Idaho based on the retirement requirements of BRZ’s lease with Zeolite LLC and the regulatory authorities.

Changes in rules or regulations of these or other agencies could have a material adverse impact on our obligations and therefore on our accrual for these obligations.

Competition

Although we are the only fully vertically integrated antimony mining operation in the United States, we compete with other mineral resource exploration and development companies for financing and for the acquisition of new mineral properties and for equipment and labor related to exploration and development of mineral properties. Many of the mineral resource exploration and development companies with whom we compete have greater financial and technical resources. Accordingly, competitors may be able to spend greater amounts on acquisitions of mineral properties of merit, on exploration of their mineral properties and on development of their mineral properties. In addition, they may be able to afford greater geological expertise in the targeting and exploration of mineral properties. This competition could result in competitors having mineral properties of greater quality and interest to prospective investors who may finance additional exploration and development. This competition could adversely impact our ability to finance further exploration and to achieve the financing necessary to develop our mineral properties.

We provide no assurance we will be able to effectively compete in any of our business areas with current or future competitors or that the competitive pressures faced by us will not have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition and operating results.

Employees

As of December 31, 2025, we employed 100 full-time employees and 1 part-time employee, most of which are located in Montana, Idaho, and Mexico. The number of full-time employees may vary seasonally. None of our employees are covered by any collective bargaining agreement.

Intellectual Property

As of December 31, 2025, we hold no material patents, licenses, franchises or concessions. However, we consider our antimony processing facilities proprietary in nature due to the complexities of our processes.

Available Information

On March 11, 2026, the Company’s common stock began trading on the NYSE. Prior to that date, the Company’s common stock was listed on the NYSE American exchange. On July 1, 2025, the Company’s common stock also began trading on a new stock exchange, the NYSE Texas. The Company maintains its primary listing on the NYSE and trades with the same “UAMY” ticker symbol on both exchanges. We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. Our SEC filings are also available free of charge on the Investors portion of our website at https://www.usantimony.com as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed with or furnished to the SEC. Our website and the information contained on or through that site are not incorporated into this report. All website addresses in this report are intended to be inactive textual references only.

The following risks and uncertainties, together with the other information set forth in this report, should be carefully considered by those who invest in our securities. Any of the following material risk factors could adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results and could decrease the value of our common or preferred stock or other outstanding securities. These are not all of the risks we face, and other factors not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may also affect our business materially if they occur.

Financial Risks

We have experienced losses in recent years and may continue to incur losses.

We have experienced a loss from operations in all but one of the prior seven fiscal years. We may continue to experience losses in the future. Many of the factors affecting our operating results are beyond our control, including, but not limited to, the volatility of metals prices; ore supply; smelter terms; rock and soil conditions; seismic events; natural disasters; availability of hydroelectric power; diesel fuel prices; interest rates; foreign exchange rates; global or regional political or economic policies; inflation; availability and cost of labor; economic developments and crises; governmental regulations; continuity of orebodies; ore grades; recoveries; performance of equipment; pandemics; global conflicts; price speculation by certain investors; and purchases and sales by central banks and other holders and producers of gold and silver in response to these factors. We cannot assure you that we will not experience net losses in the future. Continued losses may have an adverse effect on our cash and cash equivalents balance and liquidity, require us to curtail certain activities and investments, or may require us to raise additional capital or sell assets.

Macroeconomic factors, including inflation, high interest rates, recession risks, unemployment rates, rising labor and utility costs, fiscal policy, tariffs, geopolitical events and risks, climate-related and other environmental, social, and governance related risks, and the effects of the health pandemics, have caused downturns in key markets and created other commercial disruptions, which have and could further adversely impact our businesses.

Many macroeconomic factors affect our business and the industries and companies that purchase our products. As a result, these macroeconomic factors have and could cause further changes to demand for our products. These factors include, among others: (i) inflation; (ii) high interest rates; (iii) recession risks; (iv) rising labor and utility costs; (v) disruptions to supply chains; (vi) fiscal policy risks, including tariffs, import duties, and other similar charges, (vii) geopolitical events and risks, (viii) interruptions of international and regional commerce; (ix) climate-related and other environmental, social, and governance related risks; and (x) the effects of health pandemics. Tariffs imposed on imports into the United States from Canada, Mexico, or other countries, and reciprocal tariffs, could significantly increase the cost of our products, which could significantly lower our sales if our customers are unable or unwilling to purchase our products at a higher price, which could have a material adverse impact on our results and financial condition. Also, price erosion may occur as competitors become more aggressive in pricing practices. To the extent that these and other factors increase our costs and/or reduce demand for our products and/or increase competition, which effects our relationship with our customers and vendors, our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows could be materially adversely impacted.

Changes in United States trade policies, including the imposition of tariffs and retaliatory tariffs, may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Potential tariffs and trade restrictions may, among other things, cause the prices of ore and our product upon import into the U.S. to increase, which could reduce demand for such products given the increased cost, and have a material adverse impact on our revenues, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, to the extent changes in the political environment have a negative impact on us or on the markets in which we operate our business, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially and adversely impacted in the future.

We may seek or require additional financing, which may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.

We may seek to source additional financing by way of private or public offerings of equity or debt or the sale of project or property interests in order to have sufficient capital to engage in acquisitions, investments and for general working capital. We can give no assurance that financing will be available or, if it is available, that it will be offered on acceptable terms. If additional financing is raised by the issuance of our equity securities, control of our company may change, security holders will suffer additional dilution and the price of our common stock may decrease. If additional financing is raised through the issuance of indebtedness, we will require additional financing in order to repay such indebtedness. Failure to obtain such additional financing could result in the delay or indefinite postponement of further acquisitions, investments, exploration and development, curtailment of business activities or even a loss of property interests.

We have broad discretion in the use of our cash and cash equivalents, including the net proceeds we receive from stock offerings, and may not use them effectively.

Our management has broad discretion to use our cash and cash equivalents, including proceeds received from stock offerings, to fund our operations and could spend these funds in ways with which you may not agree or in ways which do not improve our results of operations or enhance the value of our common stock. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could result in financial losses that have a material adverse effect on our business and cause the price of our common stock to decline. Pending their use to fund our operations, we may invest our cash and cash equivalents in a manner that does not produce income or that loses value.

Metal market prices are volatile, including the antimony metal ingot market price. A substantial and/or extended decline in metals prices, and specifically the antimony market price, would have a material adverse effect on us, especially during the time period that the antimony market price was declining.

Our revenue is derived primarily from the sale of antimony and zeolite products, and to a lesser extent silver and gold products, and, as a result, our earnings are directly related to the prices of these metals and products. Antimony, zeolite, silver and gold prices fluctuate widely and are affected by numerous factors, including:

• speculative activities;
• relative exchange rates of the U.S. dollar;
• global and regional demand and production;
• political instability;
• inflation, recession or increased or reduced economic activity; and
• other political, regulatory and economic conditions.

These factors are beyond our control and are difficult to predict. If the market prices for these metals and products fall below our production, exploration or development costs for a sustained period of time, we may experience significant losses and may have to discontinue exploration, development, and/or operations, and may incur asset write-downs at one or more of our properties.

An extended decline in metals prices, an increase in operating or capital costs, mine accidents or closures, increasing regulatory obligations, or our inability to convert resources or exploration targets to reserves may cause us to record write-downs, which could negatively impact our results of operations.

When events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of our long-lived assets may not be recoverable, we review the recoverability of the carrying value by estimating the future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual salvage values related to the disposition of the assets. Impairment must be recognized when the carrying value of the asset exceeds these cash flows. Recognizing impairment write-downs could negatively impact our results of operations. Metals price estimates are a key component used in the evaluation of the carrying values of our assets, as the evaluation involves comparing carrying values to the average estimated undiscounted cash flows resulting from operating plans using various metals price scenarios. Our estimates of undiscounted cash flows for our long-lived assets also include an estimate of the market value of the resources and exploration targets beyond the current operating plans.

If the prices of antimony or zeolite decline for an extended period of time, if we fail to control production or capital costs, if regulatory issues increase costs or decrease production, if the commercial value of fixed assets declines, or if we do not realize the mineable ore reserves, resources or exploration targets at our mining properties, we may be required to recognize asset write-downs in the future. In addition, the perceived market value of the resources and exploration targets of our properties is dependent upon prevailing metals prices as well as our ability to discover economic ore. A decline in metals prices for an extended period of time or our inability to convert resources or exploration targets to reserves could significantly reduce our estimates of the value of the resources or exploration targets at our properties and result in asset write-downs.

Our profitability could be affected by the prices of other commodities.

Our profitability is sensitive to the costs of commodities, such as fuel, coal, and sodium carbonate, which have experienced price volatility historically. Material increases in these and other commodity costs could have a significant effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

We are subject to the risk of fluctuations in the relative values of the U.S., ,Canadian Dollar, Mexican Peso, and Australian Dollar.

We may be adversely affected by foreign currency fluctuations. Certain of our assets are located in Mexico. Our expenses relative to our Mexico assets, and, in certain cases, those assets themselves may be denominated in Mexican Pesos. Fluctuations in the exchange rates between the U.S. Dollar and the Mexican Peso may therefore have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial results. Mexico has experienced periods of significant inflation. If Mexico experiences substantial inflation in the future, the Company’s costs in pesos will increase significantly, subject to movements in applicable exchange rates. Also, we sell zeolite to customers in Canada in Canadian dollars. Significant fluctuations in the exchange rates between the U.S. Dollar and the Canadian Dollar may therefore have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial results and cash flow.

Volatility in market prices related to the Company’s investment in equity securities could negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.

The Company accounts for its equity investment in Larvotto Resources Limited at fair value. The fair value of this investment is subject to significant fluctuations driven by market price volatility and foreign currency exchange rates, which may result in substantial variability in our reported net income. Since this investment is measured at fair value at the end of each reporting period, all resulting gains or losses are recognized in our consolidated statements of operations. Because Larvotto is a publicly traded company on the Australian Securities Exchange, its share price is susceptible to sharp movements characteristic of the mining and exploration sector, including changes in commodity pricing and exploration results. Any decline in the quoted market price of Larvotto’s common stock will necessitate a non-cash charge to our earnings, regardless of our underlying operational performance.

Furthermore, as these shares are denominated in Australian Dollars, their U.S. Dollar value fluctuates in response to changes in the AUD/USD exchange rate. These currency movements are inherently reflected in the fair value measurement, meaning that a weakening of the Australian Dollar against the U.S. Dollar will negatively impact the investment’s carrying value and our net income. Our risk is further compounded by a lack of operational influence, as our approximately 10% ownership interest does not grant us board representation or governance rights to affect Larvotto’s corporate decisions. Given that this investment represents a significant portion of our consolidated assets, any material adverse development at Larvotto or unfavorable shift in currency markets could have a disproportionately negative effect on our financial position, potentially impacting our stock price and our ability to meet specific financial objectives.

Our liabilities for environmental reclamation and retirement and safety may exceed the amounts accrued on our financial statements.

Our research, development, manufacturing and production processes involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, and we are subject to various environmental and occupational safety laws and regulations governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling, and disposal of hazardous materials and some waste products. The risk of accidental contamination or injury from hazardous materials cannot be completely eliminated. In the event of an accident, we could be held liable for any damages that result and any liability could exceed our financial resources. We also have ongoing reclamation and retirement projects at our facilities. Adequate financial resources may not be available to ultimately finish the reclamation and retirement activities if changes in environmental laws and regulations occur, and these changes could adversely affect our cash flow and profitability. We do not have environmental liability insurance now, and we do not expect to be able to obtain insurance at a reasonable cost. The range of reasonably possible losses from our exposure to environmental liabilities in excess of amounts accrued to date cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. If we incur liabilities for environmental damages while we are uninsured, it could have a significant adverse effect on our financial condition and results of our operations.

Our accounting and other estimates may be imprecise.

Preparing consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and related disclosure of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reporting periods. The more significant areas requiring the use of management assumptions and estimates relate to:

• mineral reserves, resources, and exploration targets that are the basis for future income and cash flow estimates and units-of- production depreciation, depletion and amortization calculations;
• environmental reclamation and asset retirement obligations;
• permitting and other regulatory considerations;
• asset impairments;
• value of mineral claims;
• asset valuations;
• future foreign exchange rates, inflation rates and applicable tax rates;
• reserves for contingencies and litigation; and
• deferred tax asset and liability valuation allowances.

Future estimates and actual results may differ materially from these estimates as a result of using different assumptions or conditions. For additional information, see Critical Accounting Estimates in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report.

Operational and Mining Industry Risks

Mining exploration, development, and production may not be economically viable.

On July 24, 2025, the Company published its technical report summary (“TRS”) in accordance with the mining property disclosure rules specified in subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K (“SK 1300”) on its zeolite mineral deposit located in Preston, Idaho. This TRS is an exhibit to the Form 8-K filed by the Company on July 25, 2025. However, the Company has not completed a TRS for any of its other properties. Until a TRS is completed for the Company’s properties in accordance with SK 1300, there can be no guarantee or assurance of the contents, quantity, or grade of mineral resources or reserves at the location. Any indication of the contents, quantity, or grade of minerals at these properties can be materially inaccurate. See “Cautionary Note Concerning Disclosure of Mineral Resources,” above. In addition, we have not established proven or probable reserves, as defined under SK 1300 or NI 43-101, through the completion of a feasibility study for these mining claims and leases. As a result, there is increased uncertainty and risk that may result in economic and technical failure which may materially adversely impact our future profitability, financial condition, and results of operations.

We are substantially dependent on one supplier in Canada that currently supplies the majority of the ore we process and sell to our antimony customers. A decrease in the supply or an increase in the cost of this supplier’s ore could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

While we have sourced ore from various international suppliers, we have historically received most of our ore supply for antimony from one supplier in Canada. Because of this concentration of supply with one supplier, a decrease in ore from this supplier or an increase in the cost of this supplier’s ore could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and cash flow.

We are substantially dependent on a lease agreement related to the property that we mine, process, and sell zeolite. Changes to this lease agreement could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

We have renewed this lease agreement related to our BRZ business periodically with minor changes to the terms and conditions in the past. This lease was recently extended through December 31, 2034. Any future changes to this lease agreement or the inability to renew it could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and cash flow.

We are substantially dependent on a few significant customers, and we face significant risks associated with changes in our relationship with these significant customers.

Some of the markets we serve have a limited number of customers. As a result, most of our revenues are concentrated with a limited number of customers. In 2025, our three largest customers accounted for 80% of our consolidated revenues. Additionally, not all our customers make purchases every year. Because of this variability, we believe that comparisons of our operating results in any quarterly period may not be a reliable indicator of future performance.

Additionally, if our relationships with our significant customers should change materially, it could be difficult for us to immediately and profitably replace lost sales in a market with such concentration, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating and financial results. We could be adversely impacted by decreased customer demand for our products due to (i) the impact of current or future economic conditions on our customers, (ii) our customers’ loss of market share to their competitors that do not use our products, and (iii) our loss of market share with our customers. We could lose market share with our customers to our competitors or to our customers themselves, should they decide to become more vertically integrated and produce the products that we currently provide.

In addition, even if our customers continue to do business with us, we could be adversely affected by a number of other potential developments with our customers. For example:

• The inability or failure of our customers to meet their contractual obligations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.
• If we are unable to deliver products to our customers in accordance within the timeframe outlined in the order, the revenue associated with that order as well as future orders from that customer may not occur, which could have an adverse effect on the results of our operations and financial condition.
• A material change in payment terms with a significant customer could have a material adverse effect on our short-term cash flows.
• The concentration of our customer base may enable our customers to demand certain pricing and other terms unfavorable to us and make us more vulnerable to changes in demand by or issues with a given customer.

The Company’s sales contracts, including its sole-source contract with the DLA for antimony metal ingots, expose it to a variety of risks that could adversely impact performance and financial results.

The Company’s sales contracts, including its sole-source contract with the DLA for antimony metal ingots and its five-year sales agreement with a new industrial customer for the sale of antimony trioxide, expose it to a variety of risks that could adversely impact performance and financial results. These risks include non-performance by the Company or its suppliers; cost increases for materials, energy, transportation, and labor; and volatility in market pricing of antimony that may affect profitability under fixed-price or long-term contracts. The Company may also experience increased working capital requirements associated with inventory purchases, production timing, and customer payment terms. Operational challenges such as equipment downtime, supply chain disruptions, or securing adequate quantities of compliant materials could delay deliveries or increase costs. Additionally, the Company is subject to regulatory, compliance, and quality control requirements that may impose additional costs or potential penalties if not met. Broader geopolitical and national security factors, including trade restrictions, sanctions, or changes in government procurement policies, could further impact the Company’s ability to perform under existing or future contracts. Any combination of these factors could materially and adversely affect the Company’s financial condition, liquidity, and results of operations.

Processing and selling ore from new suppliers and internal sources may not be economically viable.

Ore sourced from new suppliers as well as from our mine sites may not be processed profitably, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Additional risk associated with non-domestic supply of antimony ore.

The Company purchases ore from non-domestic suppliers, each purchase of which is typically for a material amount. There are many risks associated with purchasing ore from non-domestic suppliers including, but not limited to, shipping disruptions, such as extended delays at intermediary ports. Due diligence is performed on each supplier, however, there can be no assurance that the information obtained is credible or accurate. In addition, there is no guarantee that the suppliers’ product will be delivered to the Company, even after payment is made by the Company. Also, there can be no assurance that the product content, quantity, or grade will be as expected. As a result, there is increased uncertainty and risk related to purchasing product from non-domestic suppliers that could have a material adverse impact on our future profitability, financial condition, and results of operations.

The $2.5 million loan made to an international supplier exposes us to credit and liquidity risks, and any default could disrupt our ore supply chain.

In October 2025, the Company extended a promissory note of approximately $2.5 million to an international antimony supplier to fund their purchase of concentrate and equipment. Although the note is secured by the borrower’s assets and a personal guarantee, our ability to recover these funds depends on the financial viability of the supplier and the enforceability of security interests in a foreign jurisdiction. Any failure by the supplier to meet the monthly repayment schedule beginning in March 2026 could result in a significant financial loss and negatively impact our cash flows.

In addition, this loan is tied to a 36-month supply agreement. If the supplier encounters operational difficulties or fails to utilize the loan proceeds effectively to secure quality antimony, we may face a shortage of feedstock for our smelting operations. A default on the note or a breach of the supply agreement would force us to seek alternative, potentially more expensive ore sources, which could materially and adversely affect our production costs and results of operations.

The Company is subject to significant operational and performance risks as the managing member of a joint venture entered into in February 2026.

On February 10, 2026, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Americas Gold and Silver Corporation (“Americas”) to construct and operate a new, state-of-the-art hydrometallurgical processing facility. The joint venture will be owned 51% by Americas and 49% by the Company, with the Company serving as managing member.

As the managing member, we are responsible for construction oversight, project execution, regulatory compliance, technical performance, and day-to-day management of the refining facility. Construction delays, cost overruns, budget variances, permitting deficiencies, environmental compliance issues, or technical failures in the hydrometallurgical processing operations could adversely affect the JV’s financial performance and may be attributed to our management. Such matters could expose us to liability under the operating agreement, including potential claims of gross negligence or willful misconduct, and could result in reputational harm or the loss of our management rights.

The JV’s anticipated operations depend significantly on ore supplied by our majority partner from its current mining operations. If the Americas experiences production interruptions, operational setbacks, permitting issues, financial constraints, changes in business strategy, or declines in ore quality, the refining facility may not receive sufficient feedstock to operate at expected capacity levels. Reduced throughput or processing complications could materially impair the economic viability of the JV and reduce the return on our capital investment.

If any of these operational or other risks materialize, our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and ability to continue serving as operator could be materially adversely affected.

Our minority ownership position and capital funding obligations in the JV expose us to dilution, financing, and governance risks.

Although we serve as managing member, we hold a 49% minority interest in the JV and are required to fund 49% of all JV costs, including capital expenditures. The construction and operation of a refining facility are capital-intensive activities, and additional capital contributions may be required. If we are unable or unwilling to meet a capital call, the operating agreement permits our majority partner to treat any funding shortfall as a deficit loan bearing interest at 18% per annum or to convert such indebtedness into equity at a discounted conversion price. These provisions could result in substantial dilution of our ownership interest and reduction of our voting rights.

The operating agreement also provides for certain major decisions to require member approval and includes mechanisms that may be triggered in the event of a deadlock, including buy/sell provisions after a specified period. In such circumstances, we could be required either to sell our interest or to purchase our partner’s interest at a price determined under the agreement. Because our majority partner may have greater financial resources, we may be at a disadvantage in funding such a transaction and could be forced to divest our interest at an unfavorable time or valuation.

Any of these governance or funding risks could materially and adversely affect our ownership position, influence over the JV, financial condition, and results of operations.

Natural disasters, public health crises, political crises, and other catastrophic events or other events outside of our control may materially and adversely affect our business or financial results.

If any of our facilities or the facilities of our suppliers, third-party service providers, or customers is affected by natural disasters, such as earthquakes, floods, fires, power shortages or outages, public health crises (such as pandemics and epidemics), political crises (such as terrorism, war, political instability or other conflict), or other events outside of our control, our operations or financial results could suffer. Any of these events could materially and adversely impact us in a number of ways, including through decreased production, increased costs, decreased demand for our products due to reduced economic activity or other factors, or the failure by counterparties to perform under contracts or similar arrangements.

Our business could be materially and adversely affected by the risks, or the public perception of the risks, related to a pandemic or other health crisis. A significant outbreak of contagious diseases in the human population could result in a widespread health crisis that could adversely affect our planned operations. Such events could result in the complete or partial closure of our operations, as well as the domestic and global economies and financial markets, resulting in an economic downturn that could impact our ability to raise capital.

Increases in energy costs may adversely affect our business, financial position, results of operations and liquidity.

Energy costs, including electrical power costs, propane costs, and natural gas costs, represent one of the larger components of our cost of goods sold. As a result, the availability of electricity and other energy costs at competitive prices is critical to the profitability of our operations.

In the U.S., our facilities receive all their electricity requirements under market-based electricity contracts. These market-based contracts expose us to price volatility and fluctuations due to factors beyond our control and without any direct relationship to the price of our products. For example, extreme weather events over the past several years across the United States resulted in increases to power prices. More recently, market disruptions in global energy markets related to the war in Ukraine caused significant increases in market- based power prices. Market-based electricity contracts expose us to market price volatility and fluctuations driven by, among other things, coal and natural gas prices, renewable energy production, regulatory changes and weather events, in each case, without any direct relationship to the price of our products. There can be no assurance that our market-based power supply arrangements will result in favorable electricity costs. Any increase in our electricity and other energy prices not tied to corresponding increases in the prices for the commodities we sell could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations and liquidity.

Mining accidents or other adverse events at an operation could decrease our anticipated production or otherwise adversely affect our operations.

Production may be reduced below our historical or estimated levels for many reasons, including, but not limited to, mining accidents; unfavorable ground or shaft conditions; work stoppages or slow-downs; lower than expected ore grades; unexpected regulatory actions; if the metallurgical characteristics of ore are less economic than anticipated; or because our equipment or facilities fail to operate properly or as expected. Our operations are subject to risks relating to ground instability, including, but not limited to, pit wall failure, crown pillar collapse, seismic events, backfill and stope failure or the breach or failure of a tailings impoundment. The occurrence of an event such as those described above could result in loss of life or temporary or permanent cessation of operations, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Other closures or impacts on operations or production may occur at any of our mines at any time, whether related to accidents, changes in conditions, changes to regulatory policy, or as precautionary measures.

In addition, our operations are typically in remote locations, where conditions can be inhospitable, including with respect to weather, surface conditions, interactions with wildlife or otherwise in or near dangerous conditions. In the past we have had employees, contractors, or employees of contractors get injured, sometimes fatally, while working in such challenging locations. An accident or injury to a person at or near one of our operations could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We may not be able to maintain the infrastructure necessary to conduct mining activities.

Our mining activities depend upon adequate infrastructure. Reliable roads, bridges, power sources and water supply are important factors which affect capital and operating costs. Unusual or infrequent weather phenomena, sabotage, government or other interference in the maintenance or provision of such infrastructure could adversely affect our mining activities and financial condition.

Our mining activities may be adversely affected by the local climate, especially in Alaska and Montana due to harsh winters.

The local climate sometimes affects our mining activities on our properties. Earthquakes, heavy rains, snowstorms, and floods could result in serious damage to or the destruction of facilities, equipment or means of access to our property, or could occasionally prevent us temporarily from conducting mining activities on our property. Because of their rural location and the lack of developed infrastructure in the area, our mineral properties in Montana and Idaho are occasionally impassable during the winter season. During this time, it may be difficult for us to access our property, maintain production rates, make repairs, or otherwise conduct mining activities on them.

In addition, the mining and exploration seasons in Alaska and Montana are inherently limited by seasonal weather conditions. Exploration, development, and extraction activities in these regions are often constrained to late spring, summer, and early fall months when ground conditions, daylight, and transportation access are most favorable. During the winter months, frozen ground, heavy snowfall, and limited daylight hours may significantly restrict or delay fieldwork, transportation of equipment and materials, and the movement of personnel to and from the properties. As a result, delays or interruptions during the limited operating season could materially impact the timing of exploration programs, development activities, and production schedules, which may increase operating costs or defer anticipated revenues.

Certain operations are in Mexico and may be subject to geo-political risk.

Certain operations are in Mexico. Any political or social disruptions unique to Mexico would have a material impact on our operations, financial performance and stability. Additionally, our properties and projects are subject to the laws of Mexico, and we may be negatively impacted by the existing laws and regulations of that country, as they apply to mineral exploration, land ownership, royalty interests and taxation, and by any potential changes of such laws and regulations.

Any changes in regulations or shifts in political conditions are beyond our control or influence and may adversely affect our business, or if significant enough, may result in the impairment or loss of mineral concessions or other mineral rights.

Our operations are subject to hazards and risks normally associated with the exploration and development of mineral properties.

Our operations are subject to hazards and risks normally associated with the exploration and development of mineral properties, any of which could cause delays in the progress of our exploration and development plans, damage or destruction of property, loss of life and/or environmental damage. Some of these risks include, but are not limited to, unexpected or unusual geological formations, rock bursts, cave-ins, flooding, fires, earthquakes; unanticipated changes in metallurgical characteristics and mineral recovery; unanticipated ground or water conditions; changes in the regulatory environment; industrial or labor disputes; hazardous weather conditions; cost overruns; land claims; and other unforeseen events. A combination of experience, knowledge and careful evaluation may not be able to overcome these risks.

The nature of these risks is such that liabilities may exceed any insurance policy coverages; the liabilities and hazards might not be insurable, or the Company might not elect to insure itself against such liabilities due to excess premium costs or other factors. Such liabilities may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operations and could reduce or eliminate any future profitability and result in increased costs and a decline in the value of our securities.

Our non-extractive properties may not be brought into the state of commercial production.

Development of mineral properties involves a high degree of risk and few properties that are explored are ultimately developed into producing mines. The commercial viability of a mineral deposit depends on factors beyond our control, including the deposit’s attributes, commodity prices, government policies and regulation and environmental protection. Fluctuations in the market prices of minerals may render reserves and deposits containing relatively lower grades of mineralization uneconomic. The development of our non-extractive properties will require obtaining land use consents, permits and the construction and operation of mines, processing plants and related infrastructure. We are subject to all the risks associated with establishing new mining operations, including:

• the timing and cost, which can be considerable, of the construction of mining and processing facilities and related infrastructure;
• the availability and cost of skilled labor and mining equipment;
• the availability and cost of appropriate smelting and/or refining arrangements;
• the need to obtain and maintain necessary environmental and other governmental approvals and permits, and the timing of those approvals and permits;
• in the event that the required permits are not obtained in a timely manner, mine construction and ramp-up will be delayed and the risks of government environmental authorities issuing directives or commencing enforcement proceedings to cease operations or administrative, civil and criminal sanctions being imposed on our company, directors and employees;
• delays in obtaining, or a failure to obtain, access to surface rights required for current or future operations;
• the availability of funds to finance construction and development activities;
• potential opposition from non-governmental organizations, environmental groups or local community groups which may delay or prevent development activities; and
• potential increases in construction and operating costs due to changes in the cost of fuel, power, materials and supplies and foreign exchange rates.

It is common in new mining operations to experience unexpected costs, problems and delays during development, construction and mine ramp-up. Accordingly, there are no assurances that our non-extractive properties will be brought into a state of commercial production.

Actual capital costs, operating costs, production and economic returns may differ significantly from those we have anticipated and there are no assurances that any future development activities will result in profitable mining operations.

The capital costs to take projects into commercial production may be significantly higher than anticipated. Capital costs, operating costs, production and economic returns and other estimates may prove to differ significantly from those used by us to decide to commence extraction, and there can be no assurance that our actual capital and operating costs will not be higher than currently anticipated. Due to higher capital and operating costs, production and economic returns may differ significantly from those we anticipated.

We may face equipment shortages, access restrictions and lack of infrastructure.

Natural resource exploration, development and mining activities are dependent on the availability of mining, drilling and related equipment in the areas where such activities are conducted. A limited supply of such equipment or access restrictions may affect the availability of such equipment to us and may delay exploration, development or extraction activities. Certain equipment may not be immediately available or may require long lead-time orders. A delay in obtaining necessary equipment for mineral exploration, including drill rigs, could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial results.

Mining, processing, development and exploration activities also depend, to one degree or another, on the availability of adequate infrastructure. Reliable roads, bridges, power sources, fuel and water supply and the availability of skilled labor and other infrastructure are important determinants that affect capital and operating costs. The establishment and maintenance of infrastructure, and services are subject to several risks, including risks related to the availability of equipment and materials, inflation, cost overruns and delays, political or community opposition and reliance upon third parties, many of which are outside our control. The lack of availability of acceptable terms or the delay in the availability of any one or more of these items could prevent or delay the development or ongoing operation of our projects.

Exploration of mineral properties is less intrusive and requires fewer surface and access rights than properties developed for mining. No assurances can be provided that we will be able to secure required surface rights on favorable terms, or at all. Any failure by us to secure surface rights could prevent or delay the development of our projects.

Insurance may not be available to us.

Mineral exploration and processing is subject to risks of human injury, environmental and legal liability and loss of assets. We may elect not to have insurance for certain risks because of the high premiums associated with insuring those risks or, in some cases, insurance may not be available for certain risks. The occurrence of events for which we are not insured could have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.

Our business depends on the availability of skilled personnel and good relations with employees.

We are dependent upon the ability and experience of our executive officers, managers, employees, contractors and their employees, and other personnel, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to attract or retain such employees or contractors. We may at times have insufficient executive or operational personnel, or personnel whose skills require improvement. We compete with other companies both in and outside the mining industry in recruiting and retaining qualified employees and contractors knowledgeable about the mining business. From time to time, we have encountered, and may in the future encounter, difficulty recruiting skilled mining personnel at acceptable wage and benefit levels in a competitive labor market, and may be required to utilize contractors, which can be more costly. For example, in Thompson Falls, Montana, the limited availability of local residential housing creates a significant barrier to attracting and retaining the skilled labor required for our smelting expansion. As a result, the Company purchased a housing development in 2025 to provide a dedicated housing solution for our workforce in that area, but there is no guarantee that such an investment will be sufficient to help achieve our staffing requirements or offset the challenges of recruiting in a remote location. Temporary or extended lay-offs due to mine closures may exacerbate such issues and result in vacancies or the need to hire less skilled or efficient employees or contractors. The loss of skilled employees or contractors or our inability to attract and retain additional highly skilled employees and contractors could have an adverse effect on our business and future operations.

A significant disruption to our information technology could adversely affect our business, operating result and financial position.

We rely on a variety of information technology and automated systems to manage and support our operations. For example, we depend on our information technology systems for financial reporting, database management, operational and investment management and internal communications. These systems contain our proprietary business information and personally identifiable information of our employees. The proper functioning of these systems and the security of this data is critical to the efficient operation and management of our business. In addition, these systems could require upgrades as a result of technological changes or growth in our business. These changes could be costly and disruptive to our operations and could impose substantial demands on management time. Our systems and those of third-party providers, could be vulnerable to damage or disruption caused by catastrophic events, power outages, natural disasters, computer system or network failures, viruses, ransomware or malware, physical or electronic break-ins, unauthorized access, or cyber-attacks.

We have experienced cybersecurity incidents, primarily related to phishing emails, and may in the future experience, whether directly or indirectly, cybersecurity incidents. While prior incidents have not materially affected our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition, there is no guarantee that a future cyber incident would not materially affect our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.

To manage these risks and oversee our evolving technological requirements, we hired a Managing Director of Information Technology in 2025. This role is responsible for the strategic oversight of our digital infrastructure and the implementation of enhanced security protocols; however, the appointment of dedicated leadership does not eliminate the inherent risks of system failure or unauthorized access.

Any security breach could compromise our network, and the information contained therein could be improperly accessed, disclosed, lost or stolen. Because techniques used to sabotage, obtain unauthorized access to systems or prohibit authorized access to systems change frequently and generally are not detected until successfully launched against a target, we may not be able to anticipate these attacks nor prevent them from harming our business or network. Any unauthorized activities could disrupt our operations and be costly to fix, which could adversely affect our business and operating results.

Competition from other mining companies may harm our business.

We compete with other mining companies, some of which have greater financial resources than we do or other advantages, in various areas which include:

• attracting and retaining key executives, skilled labor, and other employees;
• for the services of other skilled personnel and contractors and their specialized equipment, components and supplies, such as drill rigs, necessary for exploration and development;
• for contractors that perform mining and other activities and milling facilities which we lease or toll mill through; and
• for rights to mine properties.

Organizational and Common Stock Risks

Our Articles of Incorporation allow for our board to create new series of preferred stock without further approval by our stockholders, which could adversely affect the rights of the holders of our common stock.

Our board of directors (the “Board”) has the authority to fix and determine the relative rights and preferences of preferred stock. Our Board also has the authority to issue preferred stock without further stockholder approval. As a result, our Board could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that would grant to holders the preferred right to our assets upon liquidation, the right to receive dividend payments before dividends are distributed to the holders of common stock and the right to the redemption of the shares, together with a premium, prior to the redemption of our common stock. In addition, our Board could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that has greater voting power than our common stock or that is convertible into our common stock, which could decrease the relative voting power of our common stock or result in dilution to our existing stockholders.

If we lose any of our key personnel, we may encounter difficulty replacing their expertise, which could impair our ability to implement our business plan successfully.

We believe that our ability to implement our business strategy and our future success depends on the continued employment of our management team. The loss of the technical knowledge and mining industry expertise of these key employees could make it difficult for us to execute our business plan effectively and could cause a diversion of resources while we seek replacements.

In addition, our operations require employees, consultants, advisors and contractors with a high degree of specialized technical, management and professional skills, such as engineers, trades people, geologists and equipment operators. We compete both locally and internationally for such professionals. We may be unsuccessful in attracting and maintaining key employees. If we are unable to acquire the talents we seek, we could experience higher operating costs, poorer results, and an overall lack of success in implementing our business plans.

The price of our common stock has a history of volatility and could decline in the future.

Shares of our common stock are listed on NYSE and NYSE Texas. The market price for our common stock has historically been volatile, and has been impacted at times by:

• changes in metals prices, particularly antimony;
• our results of operations and financial condition as reflected in our public news releases or periodic filings with the SEC;
• factors unrelated to our financial performance or prospects, such as global economic developments, market perceptions of the attractiveness of industries, or the reliability of metals markets;
• political and regulatory risk;
• the success of our exploration, pre-development, and capital programs;
• ability to meet production estimates;
• government grants and contracts;
• environmental, safety and legal risk;
• the extent and nature of analytical coverage concerning our business;
• the trading volume and general market interest in our securities; and
• delayed financial filings with the SEC.

The market price of our stock at any given point in time may not accurately reflect our value, and may prevent stockholders from realizing a profit on, or recovering, their investment.

If we were liquidated, our common stockholders could lose part, or all, of their investment.

In the event of our dissolution, the proceeds, if any, realized from the liquidation of our assets will be distributed to our stockholders only after the satisfaction of the claims of our creditors and preferred stockholders. The ability of a purchaser of shares to recover all, or any portion, of the purchase price for the shares, in that event, will depend on the amount of funds realized and the claims to be satisfied by those funds.

Our Series B preferred stock has a liquidation preference of $1.00 per share or $750,000 plus accumulated dividends.

If we were liquidated, holders of our preferred stock would be entitled to receive $750,000 plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends from any liquidation proceeds before holders of our common stock would be entitled to receive any proceeds.

Our Series C preferred stock has a liquidation preference of $0.55 per share or $97,847.

If we were liquidated, holders of our preferred stock would be entitled to receive $97,847 from any liquidation proceeds before holders of our common stock would be entitled to receive any proceeds.

The issuance of additional equity securities in the future could adversely affect holders of our common stock.

The market price of our common stock may be affected by the issuance, exercise, or conversion of preferred stock, options, restricted stock, warrants, convertible debt or other rights to acquire any preferred or common stock. Our Board is authorized to issue additional classes or series of preferred stock without any action on the part of our stockholders. This includes the power to set the terms of any such classes or series of preferred stock that may be issued, including voting rights, dividend rights and preferences over common stock with respect to dividends or upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the business and other terms. If we issue preferred stock in the future that has preference over our common stock with respect to the payment of dividends or upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, or if we issue preferred stock with voting rights that dilute the voting power of our common stock, the rights of holders of the common stock or the market price of the common stock could be adversely affected.Our Board is also authorized to issue additional shares of common stock and rights to acquire common stock.

We cannot predict the number of additional equity securities that will be issued or the effect, if any, that future issuances and sales of these securities will have on the market price of the common stock. Any transaction involving the issuance of previously authorized but unissued equity securities would result in dilution, possibly substantial, to stockholders. Based on the need for additional capital to fund expected expenditures and growth, it is likely that we will issue securities to provide such capital. Such additional issuances may involve the issuance of a significant number of equity securities at prices less than the current market price. Sales of substantial amounts of securities, or the availability of the securities for sale, could adversely affect the prevailing market prices for the securities and dilute investors’ earnings per share. A decline in the market prices of the securities could impair our ability to raise additional capital through the sale of additional securities should we desire to do so.

The provisions in our certificate of incorporation, our by-laws and Texas law could delay or deter tender offers or takeover attempts.

Certain provisions in our restated certificate of incorporation, our by-laws and Texas law could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us, even if that transaction could be beneficial to stockholders. These impediments include:

• the classification of our Board into three classes serving staggered three-year terms, which makes it more difficult to quickly replace board members;
• the ability of our Board to issue shares of preferred stock with rights as it deems appropriate without stockholder approval;
• a provision that special meetings of our board of directors may be called only by our chief executive officer or a majority of our Board;
• a provision that special meetings of stockholders may only be called (i) pursuant to a resolution approved by a majority of our Board or (ii) by the Chairman of the Board or the Secretary of the Company upon the written request or requests of one or more persons that own shares representing at least 25% of the voting power of the stock entitled to vote on the matter or matters to be brought before the proposed special meeting;
• a prohibition against action by written consent of our stockholders;
• a provision that our directors may only be removed for cause and by an affirmative vote of at least 80% of the outstanding voting stock;
• a provision that our stockholders comply with advance-notice provisions to bring director nominations or other matters before meetings of our stockholders;
• a prohibition against certain business combinations with an acquirer of 15% or more of our common stock for three years after such acquisition unless the stock acquisition or the business combination is approved by our Board prior to the acquisition of the 15% interest, or after such acquisition our Board and the holders of two-thirds of the other common stock approve the business combination; and
• a prohibition against our entering into certain business combinations with interested stockholders without the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 80% of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of voting stock.

In addition, amendment of most of the provisions described above requires approval of at least 80% of the outstanding voting stock.

Legal, Regulatory, and Compliance Risks

As a public company, we are obligated to develop and maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting. If we fail to develop and maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements and other required disclosures and to comply with applicable laws and regulations could be impaired. Also, if deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting are not properly remediated, it could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

As a public company, we are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, the listing requirements of NYSE and NYSE Texas, and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Compliance with these rules and regulations may be difficult, time-consuming, or costly, and compliance may increase demand on processes, systems, and resources. The Exchange Act requires, among other things, that we file annual, quarterly, and current reports with respect to our business and operating results. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective internal control over financial reporting. Management reviews the Company’s internal control over financial reporting to determine if it is effective. A control deficiency exists when the design, operation, or lack of a control does not allow management or employees to prevent, or detect, and correct, misstatements on a timely basis. A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. As described in “Item 9A. Controls and Procedures” of this Annual Report, we have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was ineffective as of December 31, 2025 due to material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. We intend to take the necessary steps to remediate these material weaknesses. However, we cannot assure you that we will be successful in implementing effective internal control over financial reporting or that, once successful, such controls will remain effective.

It may require significant resources and management oversight to effectively comply with our regulatory obligations and to avoid future violations. In addition, significant resources and management oversight may also be required to maintain and, if necessary, improve our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. As a result of our efforts to comply with the above rules and regulations, management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition. To comply with these requirements, we may need to hire more employees in the future or engage outside consultants, which would increase our costs and expenses. We may be unable to comply despite such efforts. Any failure to comply with applicable regulations could adversely affect our stock price and our ability to make accurate and timely financial and other disclosures to investors, attract and maintain key personnel and investors, and use our funds for intended purposes. It may also subject us to the risk of litigation or regulatory enforcement actions against us. In connection with our remediation efforts, we have engaged a third-party advisor to assist management in evaluating and improving our internal control over financial reporting and our processes designed to support compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. While the involvement of a third-party advisor may assist us in these efforts, there can be no assurance that our remediation efforts will be successful or that our internal control over financial reporting will be effective in future periods.

We have been informed by our transfer agent, Equiniti Trust Company (the “Transfer Agent”), that there is a discrepancy between the number of outstanding shares of our common stock as determined by the Transfer Agent and the number of outstanding shares of our common stock as determined by the Depositary Trust Company. We, together with the Transfer Agent, are working diligently to determine the reason for this discrepancy. If, following the conclusion of our review, we determine that the discrepancy constitutes a material weakness or significant deficiency in our internal controls, this could have a material adverse effect on our financial reporting processes, regulatory compliance, corporate actions, investor confidence, and the market price of our common stock.

We may be unable to comply with NYSE continued listing standards and our common stock may be delisted from the NYSE, which would likely cause the liquidity and market price of the common stock to decline.

Our common stock is currently listed on the NYSE. We are subject to the continued listing standards of the NYSE and such exchange will consider suspending dealings in, or delisting, securities of an issuer that does not meet its continued listing standards. To maintain our NYSE listing, we must maintain certain standards, such as various corporate governance standards as well as minimum levels or values related to share price, shareholders’ equity balance, market capitalization value, and various share distribution levels. In addition to objective standards, the NYSE may delist the securities of an issuer if it determines that the securities are unsuitable for continued trading, which could be the result if the issuer sells or disposes of principal operating assets, ceases to be an operating company, or discontinues a substantial portion of its operations or business. We may not be able to satisfy these standards and remain listed on the NYSE, which could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to raise funds through the sale of our common stock, which could adversely affect our liquidity.

We face substantial governmental regulations, including the Mine Safety and Health Act, various environmental laws and regulations and the 1872 Mining Law.

Our business is subject to extensive U.S. and foreign federal, state, and local laws and regulations governing environmental protection, natural resources, prospecting, development, production, post-closure reclamation, taxes, labor standards and occupational health and safety laws and regulations, including mine safety, toxic substances and other matters. The costs associated with compliance with such laws and regulations are substantial. Possible future laws and regulations, or more restrictive interpretations of current laws and regulations by governmental authorities, could cause additional expense, capital expenditures, restrictions on or suspensions of operations and delays in the development of new properties.

U.S. surface and underground mines like those at our Preston Operations are inspected periodically by MSHA, which inspections often lead to notices of violation under the Mine Safety and Health Act. Our facility or mine at Preston Idaho could be subject to a temporary or extended shutdown due to a violation alleged by MSHA. For more information on the status of inspections by MSHA, see Note 13 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report.

Some mining laws prevent mining companies that have been found to (i) have engaged in environmentally harmful conduct or (ii) be responsible for environmentally harmful conduct engaged in by affiliates or other third parties, including in other jurisdictions, from maintaining current or obtaining future permits until remediation or restitution has occurred. If we are found to be responsible for any such conduct, our ability to operate existing projects or develop new projects might be impaired until we satisfy costly conditions.

We cannot assure you that we will always be in compliance with applicable laws, regulations and permitting requirements. Failure to comply with applicable laws, regulations and permitting requirements may result in lawsuits or regulatory actions, including orders issued by regulatory or judicial authorities causing operations to cease or be curtailed, which may require corrective measures including capital expenditures, installation of additional equipment or remedial actions. Any one or more of these liabilities could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition.

In addition to existing regulatory requirements, legislation and regulations may be adopted, regulatory procedures modified, or permit limits reduced at any time, any of which could result in additional exposure to liability, operating expense, capital expenditures or restrictions and delays in the mining, production or development of our properties. Mining accidents and fatalities or toxic waste releases, whether at our mines or related to metals mining, may increase the likelihood of additional regulation or changes in law or enhanced regulatory scrutiny. Enforcement or regulatory tools and methods available to regulatory bodies, such as MSHA or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”), could be used against us or the industry in general and materially adversely affect our financial condition.

From time to time, the U.S. Congress considers proposed amendments to the 1872 Mining Law, which governs mining claims and related activities on federal lands. The extent of any future changes is not known and the potential impact on us because of U.S. Congressional action is difficult to predict. Changes to the 1872 Mining Law, if adopted, could adversely affect our ability to economically develop mineral reserves on federal lands, which could materially adversely affect our financial condition.

Our operations are subject to complex, evolving and increasingly stringent environmental laws and regulations. Compliance with environmental regulations, and litigation based on such regulations, involves significant costs and can threaten existing operations or constrain expansion opportunities.

Our operations, both in the United States and internationally, are subject to extensive environmental laws and regulations governing wastewater discharges; remediation, restoration and reclamation of environmental contamination; the generation, storage, treatment, transportation and disposal of hazardous substances; solid waste disposal; air emissions; protection of endangered and protected species and designation of critical habitats; mine closures and reclamation; and other related matters. In addition, we must obtain regulatory permits and approvals to start, continue and expand operations. New or revised environmental regulatory requirements are frequently proposed, many of which result in substantially increased costs for our business.

Our U.S. operations are subject to the Clean Water Act, which requires permits for certain discharges into waters of the United States. Such permitting has been a frequent subject of litigation and enforcement activity by environmental advocacy groups and the EPA, respectively, which has resulted in declines in such permits or extensive delays in receiving them, as well as the imposition of penalties for permit violations. In 2015, the regulatory definition of “waters of the United States” that are protected by the Clean Water Act was expanded by the EPA, thereby imposing significant additional restrictions on waterway discharges and land uses. However, in 2018, implementation of the relevant rule was suspended for two years, and in December 2019 a revised definition that narrows the 2015 version was implemented. In late 2021, the EPA and US Army Corps of Engineers proposed to revise the definition again, moving it back to its more inclusive, pre-2018 definition. If this rule change were to take effect or states take action to address a perceived fall-off in protection under the Clean Water Act, litigation involving water discharge permits could increase, which may result in delays in, or in some instances preclude, the commencement or continuation of development or production operations. Enforcement actions by the EPA or other federal or state agencies could also result. Adverse outcomes in lawsuits challenging permits or failure to comply with applicable regulations or permits could result in the suspension, denial, or revocation of required permits, or the imposition of penalties, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our cash flows, results of operations, or financial condition.

Some of the mining wastes from our U.S. mines currently are exempt to a limited extent from the extensive set of EPA regulations governing hazardous waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”). If the EPA were to repeal this exemption, and designate these mining wastes as hazardous under RCRA, we would be required to expend additional amounts on the handling of such wastes and to make significant expenditures to construct hazardous waste storage or disposal facilities. In addition, if any of these wastes or other substances we release or cause to be released into the environment cause or has caused contamination in or damage to the environment at a U.S. mining facility, that facility could be designated as a “Superfund” site under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (“CERCLA”). Under CERCLA, any present owner or operator of a Superfund site or the owner or operator at the time of contamination may be held jointly and severally liable regardless of fault and may be forced to undertake extensive remedial cleanup action or to pay for the cleanup efforts. The owner or operator also may be liable to federal, state and tribal governmental entities for the cost of damages to natural resources, which could be substantial. Additional regulations or requirements also are imposed on our tailings and waste disposal areas under the federal Clean Water Act.

Legislative and regulatory measures to address climate change and greenhouse gas emissions are in various phases of consideration. If adopted, such measures could increase our cost of environmental compliance and also delay or otherwise negatively affect efforts to obtain permits and other regulatory approvals with regard to existing and new facilities. Proposed measures could also result in increased cost of fuel and other consumables used at our operations.

Adoption of these or similar new environmental regulations or more stringent application of existing regulations may materially increase our costs, threaten certain operating activities and constrain our expansion opportunities.

Some of our facilities are located in or near environmentally sensitive areas such as salmon fisheries, endangered species habitats, wilderness areas, national monuments and national forests, and we may incur additional costs to mitigate potential environmental harm in such areas.

Laws in the U.S. such as CERCLA and similar state laws may expose us to joint and several liability or claims for contribution made by the government (state or federal) or private parties. Moreover, exposure to these liabilities arises not only from our existing but also from closed operations, operations sold to third parties, or operations in which we had a leasehold, joint venture, or other interest. Because liability under CERCLA is often alleged on a joint and several basis against any property owner or operator or arranger for the transport of hazardous waste, and because we have been in operation since around 1968, our exposure to environmental claims may be greater because of the bankruptcy or dissolution of other mining companies which may have engaged in more significant activities at a mining site than we but which are no longer available for governmental agencies or other claimants to make claims against or obtain judgments from. Similarly, there is also the potential for claims against us based on agreements entered into by certain affiliates and predecessor companies relating to the transfer of businesses or properties, which contained indemnification provisions relating to environmental matters. In each of the types of cases described in this paragraph, the government (federal or state) or private parties could seek to hold the Company liable for the actions of their subsidiaries or predecessors.

The laws and regulations, changes in such laws and regulations, and lawsuits and enforcement actions described in this risk factor could lead to the imposition of substantial fines, remediation costs, penalties and other civil and criminal sanctions against us. Further, substantial costs and liabilities, including for restoring the environment after the closure of mines, are inherent in our operations. There is no assurance that any such law, regulation, enforcement or private claim, or reclamation activity, would not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

We are required by U.S. federal and state laws and regulations and by laws and regulations in the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate to reclaim our mining properties. The specific requirements may change and vary among jurisdictions, but they are similar in that they aim to minimize long term effects of exploration and mining and processing disturbance by requiring the control of possible deleterious effluents and re-establishment to some degree of pre-disturbance landforms and vegetation. In some cases, we are required to provide financial assurances as security for reclamation costs, which may exceed our estimates for such costs. Conversely, our reclamation costs may exceed the financial assurances in place and those assurances may ultimately be unavailable to us.

The EPA and other state, provincial or federal agencies may also require financial assurance for investigation and remediation actions that are required under settlements of enforcement actions under CERCLA or equivalent state regulations. Currently there are no financial assurance requirements for active mining operations under CERCLA, and a lawsuit filed by several environmental organizations which sought to require the EPA to adopt financial assurance rules for mining companies with active mining operations was dismissed by a federal court. In the future, financial assurance rules under CERCLA, if adopted, could be financially material and adverse to us.

We are required to obtain governmental permits and other approvals in order to conduct mining operations.

In the ordinary course of business, mining companies are required to seek governmental permits and other approvals for continuation or expansion of existing operations or for the commencement of new operations. Obtaining the necessary governmental permits is a complex, time-consuming and costly process. The duration and success of our efforts to obtain permits are contingent upon many variables not within our control. Obtaining environmental permits, including the approval of reclamation plans, may increase costs and cause delays or halt the continuation of mining operations depending on the nature of the activity to be permitted and the interpretation of applicable requirements established by the permitting authority. Interested parties, including governmental agencies and non- governmental organizations or civic groups, may seek to prevent issuance of permits and intervene in the process or pursue extensive appeal rights. Past or ongoing violations of laws or regulations involving obtaining or complying with permits could provide a basis to revoke existing permits, deny the issuance of additional permits, or commence a regulatory enforcement action, each of which could have a material adverse impact on our operations or financial condition. In addition, evolving reclamation or environmental concerns may threaten our ability to renew existing permits or obtain new permits in connection with future development, expansions and operations. We cannot assure you that all necessary approvals and permits will be obtained and, if obtained, that the costs involved will not exceed those that we previously estimated. It is possible that the costs and delays associated with the compliance with evolving standards and regulations could become such that we would not proceed with a particular development or operation.

We are often required to post surety bonds or cash collateral to secure our reclamation obligations and we may be unable to obtain the required surety bonds or may not have the resources to provide cash collateral, and the bonds or collateral may not fully cover the cost of reclamation and any such shortfall could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition. Further, when we use the services of a surety company to provide the required bond for reclamation, the surety companies often require us to post collateral with them, including letters of credit. In the event that we are unable to obtain necessary bonds or to post sufficient collateral, we may experience a material adverse effect on our operations or financial results.

New federal and state laws, regulations and initiatives could impact our operations.

There have been proposed or implemented ballot initiatives that sought to directly or indirectly curtail or eliminate mining in certain states including Montana. Future initiatives to curtail or eliminate mining could be on the ballot in states or jurisdictions (including local or international) in which we currently or may in the future operate. To the extent any such initiative was passed and became law, there could be a material adverse impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

We cannot guarantee title to all of our properties.

We cannot guarantee title to all our properties as the properties may be subject to prior mineral rights applications with priority, prior unregistered agreements or transfers or indigenous peoples’ land claims, and title may be affected by undetected defects. Certain of the mineral rights held by us are held under applications for mineral rights or are subject to renewal applications and, until final approval of such applications is received, our rights to such mineral rights may not materialize and the exact boundaries of the Company’s properties may be subject to adjustment. For our operations in Mexico, we hold mining claims, mineral concession titles and mining leases that are obtained and held in accordance with the laws of the country, which provide the Company the right to exploit and explore the properties. The validity of the claims, concessions and leases could be uncertain and may be contested. Although we have conducted title reviews of our property holdings, title review does not necessarily preclude third parties (including governments) from challenging our title. In accordance with mining industry practice, we do not generally obtain title opinions until we decide to develop a property. Therefore, while we have attempted to acquire satisfactory title to our undeveloped properties, some titles may be defective. We do not maintain title insurance on our properties.

Mining Claims may not be feasible or economical.

The Company owns mining claims, however, the mineral resources and reserves contained in these mining claims may not be feasible or economical for mining, development, and production. If not feasible or economical, the Company would have no return on its investment and no owned ore supply from these mining claims, which could have a material adverse effect on the results of its operations and its financial condition.

Artificial intelligence may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

The advances and increased adoption of artificial intelligence could have significant and far-reaching effects on our business and our industry, which could adversely impact our mining and processing of minerals, the selling of our products, the demand for our products, the pricing of our products, the cost structure of our Company, and our ability to adequately compete in our industry, among other things. As a result, the impact of artificial intelligence could have a material adverse effect on the results of our operations and our financial condition.

There is uncertainty as to the termination and renewal of our mining concessions.

Under the laws of Mexico, mineral resources belong to the state, and therefore, concessions are required to explore or exploit mineral reserves. In Mexico, mineral rights derive from concessions granted, on a discretionary basis, by the Ministry of Economy, pursuant to Mexican mining law and regulations thereunder.

Mining concessions in Mexico may be terminated if the obligations of the concessioner are not satisfied. In Mexico, we are obligated, among other things, to explore or exploit the relevant concession, to pay any relevant fees, to comply with all environmental and safety standards, to provide information to the Ministry of Economy and to allow inspections by the Ministry of Economy. Any termination or unfavorable modification of the terms of one or more of our concessions, or failure to obtain renewals of such concessions subject to renewal or extensions, could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and prospects.

Mexican economic and political conditions, as well as drug-related violence, may have an adverse impact on our business.

The Mexican economy is highly sensitive to economic developments in the United States, mainly because of its high level of exports to this market. Other risks in Mexico are increases in taxes on the mining sector, higher royalties, and increased government regulations, requirements, and restrictions on Value Added Tax (“VAT” or “IVA”) refunds. As has occurred in other metal producing countries, the mining industry may be perceived as a source of additional fiscal revenue.

In addition, public safety organizations in Mexico are under significant stress, because of drug-related violence. This situation creates potential risks, particularly for transportation of minerals and finished products, which may affect a small portion of our production. Drug-related violence has had a limited impact on our operations, as it has tended to concentrate outside of our areas of production. The potential risks to our operations might increase if the violence spreads to our areas of production. We cannot provide any assurance that political developments and economic conditions in Mexico, including any changes to economic policies, changes to government regulations, requirements, and restrictions on VAT refunds, the adoption of other reforms proposed by existing or future administrations in Mexico, or the advent of drug-related violence in the country, will not have a material adverse effect on the price of our securities, our ability to obtain financing, and our results of operations or financial condition.

Mexican inflation, restrictive exchange control policies and fluctuations in the peso exchange rate may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Although all our Mexican operations’ sales of metals are priced and invoiced in U.S. dollars, a substantial portion of its costs are denominated in pesos. Accordingly, when inflation in Mexico increases without a corresponding depreciation of the peso, the net income generated by our Mexican operations is adversely affected. The peso has been subject in the past to significant volatility, which may not have been proportionate to the inflation rate and may not be proportionate to the inflation rate in the future.

Currently, the Mexican government does not restrict the ability of Mexican companies or individuals to convert pesos into dollars or other currencies. While we do not expect the Mexican government to impose any restrictions or exchange control policies in the future, it is an area we closely monitor. We cannot assure you the Mexican government will maintain its current policies with regard to the peso or that the peso’s value will not fluctuate significantly in the future. The imposition of exchange control policies could impair our ability to obtain imported goods and to meet its U.S. dollar-denominated obligations and could have an adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

Risk Management and Strategy

Our cybersecurity strategy prioritizes detection, analysis and response to known, anticipated or unexpected threats, effective management of security risks, and resiliency against incidents. Our cybersecurity risk management processes include assessing and monitoring security controls, monitoring systems, tools and related services provided by third-party providers, and management oversight to assess, identify and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats.

In 2025, we established a dedicated internal leadership role by hiring a Managing Director of Information Technology to oversee the security and maintenance of our digital assets and infrastructure. The Managing Director of Information Technology is responsible for coordinating cybersecurity risk management activities across the Company, including oversight of third-party service providers engaged to support cybersecurity functions.

We implement risk-based controls to protect our information, the information of our customers, suppliers, and other third parties, our information systems, our business operations, and our products. We maintain security programs that include physical and technical safeguards. We monitor cybersecurity vulnerabilities and potential attacks, and we evaluate the potential operational and financial effects of any threat and of cybersecurity countermeasures made to defend against such threats, including consideration of the potential materiality of such threats to our business, results of operations, or financial condition.

We continue to integrate our cyber practices into our enterprise risk management practices, which is overseen by our Board of Directors. In addition, we assess the risks from cybersecurity threats, periodically engage third-party tools to assist us in enhancing and monitoring our cybersecurity risks, including tools designed to detect and mitigate phishing and suspicious email activity, and regularly back up company information.

We have experienced cybersecurity incidents, primarily related to phishing emails, and may in the future experience, whether directly or indirectly, cybersecurity incidents. While prior incidents have not materially affected our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition, there is no guarantee that a future cyber incident would not materially affect our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. See risks related to cybersecurity and business disruptions in “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K.

Governance

Our Board of Directors is responsible for risk oversight, including oversight of risks related to cybersecurity. Our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, with input from and participation by, as appropriate, our Managing Director of Information Technology, provide presentations to the Board of Directors regarding cybersecurity risks, incidents, and risk management practices periodically and as circumstances warrant.

In the event of a potentially material cybersecurity event, the Chairman of the Board is notified and briefed, and a meeting of the full Board of Directors would be convened, as appropriate, to review the incident, management’s response, and any required disclosures.

Management, including the Managing Director of Information Technology discuss information technology needs and activity and assess and manage material cybersecurity risks and the Company’s practices for the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity incidents, as necessary and appropriate. The Managing Director of Information Technology reports to executive management and is responsible for day-to-day oversight of the Company’s cybersecurity risk management processes, including coordination with third-party service providers.

Our Managing Director of Information Technology has approximately 20 years of experience in information technology leadership roles, including serving as Director of IT at four previous companies. Our CEO and CFO have managed information technology departments during their careers. Our CFO was trained as an auditor and an information technology auditor at the public accounting firm of Ernst & Young LLP and audited internal controls, including IT controls, of public companies, information technology departments, and third-party information technology service providers for approximately 12 years.

The Company owns, leases, and operates a portfolio of domestic and international properties supporting its antimony, precious metals, and zeolite businesses, and has invested in other properties prospective for tungsten, cobalt, and other critical minerals. These properties include processing and smelting facilities, a production-stage zeolite mine, exploration-stage mineral properties, and supporting infrastructure. The Company’s property portfolio is organized across its antimony and zeolite segments and is intended to support an integrated supply chain encompassing mineral extraction, concentration, and processing.

The Company’s principal operating assets include its antimony smelting and precious metals processing facility in Sanders County, Montana; two antimony and precious metals processing facilities in Mexico; and the Bear River Zeolite (“BRZ”) surface mine and processing facility in Preston, Idaho, which represents the Company’s sole production-stage mine. In addition, the Company holds exploration-stage mineral properties in Mexico, Montana, Alaska, the southeastern United States, and Ontario, Canada, which are prospective for antimony, tungsten, cobalt, and other critical and base metals. All properties described below have not yet established mineral resources or mineral reserves other than the BRZ surface mine, and mining or commercial production activities at those sites are subject to further technical evaluation, permitting, and market conditions. The sections below that follow the table describe the Company’s properties by location and operating status.

The following table provides a summary of the properties we were affiliated with at December 31, 2025:

1 - see additional property description information below.

The following is a map of the Company’s properties:

DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTIES

Antimony and Precious Metals Facility in Sanders County, Montana

We own 14 acres of land in the Burns Mining District in Sanders County, Montana, where we operate a facility that includes our antimony smelter and precious metals equipment. This facility was built in 1971, started operating in 1972, and is included in our antimony segment. We built the road system, but it was purchased and is currently operated and maintained by the USFS. The antimony smelter includes furnaces of a proprietary design to produce antimony metal ingots, antimony oxide, antimony trisulfide, and various other antimony products. We have 8 operational Small Rotary Furnaces (SRF’s) and a permit for up to 15 SRF’s. Also, we are using 2 of our 4 operational electric furnaces. The SRF’s are used to roast various antimony ore inputs and can produce either finished antimony trioxide or finished antimony metal in the form of ingots. The electrical furnaces are used to produce antimony trisulfide. The furnaces are maintained to modern standards. Annual antimony production was approximately 1,409,000 pounds in 2025 and approximately 1,460,000 pounds in 2024. This plant is also equipped for the treatment and production of precious metals. Annual gold production was approximately 13 ounces in 2025 and approximately 35 ounces in 2024. Annual silver production was approximately 8,755 ounces in 2025 and approximately 14,600 ounces in 2024. We do not mine at this facility but rather process ore into finished products.

In April 2025, the Company entered into definitive engineering and construction service agreements with a third-party contractor to support an expansion of its smelting operations at this location that will more than triple its capacity. The project has been designed to maintain existing smelting operations without material interruption. Construction activities commenced in 2025, and the expansion is expected to be completed in April 2026. Management believes the expansion project is strategically important to supporting domestic antimony supply.

This facility is approximately 16 miles west of Thompson Falls on Montana Secondary Highway 471 with GPS coordinates latitude 47.548077 north and longitude 115.591828 west. Our property is approximately 850 feet north-northeast of Prospect Creek in Cox Gulch, which resides in the northern Bitterroot Mountain range. This Highway 471 is asphalt, and the property is accessible by car and/or truck. There is a smaller airport, Sanders Airport, that is about 2 hours from our property and a major airport in Spokane, WA, that is about two and one-half hours from our property. Our facility is serviced with electricity from Northwestern Energy, and water is pumped from a well located on our property. Personnel are sourced from nearby cities like Belknap, Plains, and Missoula. Our facility is considered a large quantity generator (“LQG”) of hazardous waste and must comply with the Montana Hazardous Waste Act, which is regulated by the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (“DEQ”).

Following are location maps related to this property:

Properties in Mexico

The Company has two subsidiaries in Mexico, USAMSA and ADM. The USAMSA subsidiary includes the following two antimony and precious metals processing facilities in Mexico, both of which are owned: (1) the Madero facility in Coahuila, Mexico and (2) the Puerto Blanco flotation mill, oxide circuit, and cyanide leach circuit facility in Guanajuato, Mexico. We do not presently mine at these facilities but rather process ore into finished products. The Los Juarez mining claims and concessions are in Cadereyta de Montes Queretaro, Mexico and are included in our ADM subsidiary. There are presently no active operations at Los Juarez.

Madero Antimony Smelter and Precious Metals Processing Facility in Coahuila, Mexico

The Madero antimony smelter and precious metal processing facility at Estacion Madero, in the Municipio of Parras de la Fuente, Coahuila, Mexico, is included in our antimony segment. Construction started on the property in 2009. The property is about 16 acres with fourteen small rotating furnaces (“SRF’s”) and three large rotating furnaces (“LRF”) with an associated stack and scrubbers. The Madero antimony production is sold as antimony metal ingots or antimony low-grade oxide. In 2019, we completed the installation of a caustic leach circuit to process antimony concentrates from our Puerto Blanco cyanide leach facility containing any precious metals from our Los Juarez property or other sources. Annual antimony finished goods production was 163,788 pounds of antimony metal ingots in 2024. There was production operations in fiscal 2025 but no finished goods sold in 2025.

This property is about 7 kms north of the gas station known as Paila Coahuila and less than 1 km from a railroad and the ejido Estacion Madero, Coahuila. Paila is about halfway between Torreon and Saltillo, both in the state of Coahila on state highway 40 and is accessible by truck. Electricity is supplied by CFE, the socialized electricity provider in Mexico and provides adequate and fairly reliable power. Water is sourced from a well located at the smelter. Personnel are sourced mainly from the nearby community of about 100 residents. The Madero smelter currently employs 30 people. Following is a location map related to this property:

Puerto Blanco Flotation Mill and Precious Metals Processing Facility in Guanajuato, Mexico

The Puerto Blanco facility in Guanajuato, Mexico is about 100 acres and is included in our antimony segment. Construction started on the property in 2010. The facility contains a flotation mill and gravity circuit that are used in increasing the concentration of antimony in ore and a cyanide leach circuit this is used in the processing of precious metals. The flotation mill can be used for the processing of ore from the Company’s mine in Los Juarez and other unrelated third-party properties. A gravity circuit was added to the plant in 2013 and 2014 to mill oxide ores from Los Juarez and other properties. In 2019 a cyanide leach circuit for recovery of precious metals was built and permits were obtained for this circuit. This cyanide leach circuity is not yet in operation and has not been used. Puerto Blanco had no production operations in 2025 and 2024.

The Puerto Blanco property is approximately 15 kms (about 9.32 mi) north of the city of San Jose Iturbide along state highway 57 in the state of Guanjuato, Mexico with GPS coordinates of 21.07827, -100.54144 and is located approximately 144 kms (about 89.48 mi) from our Los Juarez property. It is accessible by highway to all vehicles. Following are location maps related to this property:

Zeolite Mine and Processing Facility in Preston, Idaho

Property Description and Ownership

Bear River Zeolite Company (“BRZ”), which represents our Zeolite Segment, has a lease through December 31, 2034 with Zeolite, LLC that entitles BRZ to surface mine and process zeolite on property in Preston, Idaho, in exchange for an annual payment and a royalty payment, which is based on the amount of zeolite shipped from the leased property (“BRZ Lease”). BRZ pays two other royalties based on the sale of zeolite products. BRZ holds all necessary MSHA and operational permits and is regularly inspected by MSHA for compliance with State and Federal requirements.

Annual zeolite production was approximately 12,000 tons in 2025 and approximately 11,100 tons in 2024. In addition, after obtaining required permits, BRZ can surface mine and process zeolite on the 1,000 acres of property owned by the BLM and held by our 50, 20-acre Placer claims, that is adjacent to the Company’s Preston, Idaho property.

The BRZ mine is a surface mining operation located near Preston, Idaho and represents the Company’s sole production-staged mine. BRZ’s zeolite is considered to be one of the best zeolites in the world for water filtration, soil amendment, animal feed additive, and industrial absorption due to its high cation exchange capacity (CEC) averaging 146 meq/100 gr. (which predicts plant nutrient availability and retention in soil), its hardness and high clinoptilolite content (which is an effective barrier to prevent problematic radionuclide movement), its low clay content, and its low sodium content.

Operations at the BRZ mine are conducted via conventional open-pit methods, organized into a series of stepped levels, or benches, typically ranging from 10 to 20 feet in height. The operation begins with the removal of a thin layer of overburden using standard dozers and excavators; this material is stockpiled for future land reclamation and site restoration. Once the surface is cleared, the volcanic zeolite rock is broken into manageable pieces primarily through controlled drilling and blasting, though softer material near the surface may be extracted using tractor-mounted rippers. During the loading phase, operators and geologists utilize visual sorting to separate high-grade zeolite from waste rock, a process facilitated by the distinct physical characteristics of the ore which minimizes dilution. Extracted material is loaded into 18- to 20-ton haul trucks and transported approximately 4,000 feet to the onsite processing mill. The mining operation is currently configured to support a production capacity of approximately 120 tons of zeolite per hour, providing a consistent supply of raw material to the mill.

BRZ is in the southeast corner of Idaho and is accessible by seven miles of paved road and about l/4 mile of gravel road from Preston, Idaho. Preston is a city in Franklin County, Idaho and is near the major north-south Interstate Highway 15 to Salt Lake City, UT or Pocatello, ID. Water is sourced from the landowner during the early spring and summer months. Late summer, water is generally scarcer but is obtained from the same source. Electricity is provided by the local electric company and is fairly reliable. Personnel are sourced, mainly from Preston, but also from North Logan. Following are location maps related to this property:

Mineral Reserves and Resources

On July 24, 2025, the Company published a Technical Report Summary (the “TRS”) dated July 2, 2025, covering the BRZ mining deposits. The TRS was prepared by an independent Qualified Person in accordance with Regulation S-K Subpart 1300 and summarizes the geological setting, mineral reserve and resource estimates, mining and processing methods, infrastructure, environmental and permitting considerations, and economic assumptions applicable to the BRZ operation. The full TRS is filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K dated July 25, 2025. The mineral reserve and resource estimates disclosed below are derived from, and consistent with, the TRS, and the Company is not aware of any material changes since the TRS effective date that would affect the estimates as of December 31, 2025.

The mineral resource estimates in the TRS are effective as of May 24, 2024, while the mineral reserve estimates are effective as of May 31, 2025. The difference in dates reflects the timing of the geological modeling and mine planning used to calculate resources versus reserves. The mineral reserve and resource estimates disclosed below are point-in-time estimates as of their respective effective dates. A year-over-year mineral reserve reconciliation is not presented because there was previously no independent Technical Report Summary or comparable reserve study prepared prior to the TRS mineral estimates that are effective as of May 31, 2025.

Mineral reserves represent the economically mineable portion of the BRZ mine and are reported exclusive of mineral resources. Reserves are classified as proven or probable based on geological confidence, mine planning, and economic analysis. As of May 31, 2025, total proven and probable mineral reserves were estimated at approximately 5.1 million short tons, with an average grade of approximately 146 meq/100g cation exchange capacity (“CEC”), all of which are considered saleable product. Proven mineral reserves totaled approximately 2.3 million short tons and probable mineral reserves totaled approximately 2.8 million short tons. Mineral reserves were estimated using long-term zeolite product price forecasts and operating cost assumptions that include mining, processing, and general and administrative costs. The mineral reserve estimate was prepared in compliance with the disclosure standards of SEC Regulation S-K 1300 by independent Qualified Person Randall K. Martin, SME-RM. The estimate is based on the measured and indicated mineral resources, incorporating inputs derived from the 2024 geologic model and operational data provided by site management. A 3D pit optimization analysis was conducted utilizing the Colorado School of Mines MineFlow™ software, incorporating geotechnical slope angles, economic assumptions, and operational data provided by site management. At the current production rate of approximately 12,000 short tons per year, proven and probable mineral reserves of approximately 5.1 million short tons support a theoretical mine life exceeding 400 years.

Mineral resources represent mineralization with reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction but which do not meet the criteria to be classified as mineral reserves. As of May 22, 2024, mineral resources exclusive of mineral reserves included approximately 339,000 short tons of measured and indicated mineral resources and approximately 426,000 short tons of inferred mineral resources, at average grades ranging from approximately 140 to 147 meq/100g CEC. The mineral resource estimate was prepared using a 3D block model constrained by geologic interpretation and a cutoff grade of 100 meq/100g CEC. Resources were classified as measured, indicated, or inferred based on drill density, lithologic confidence, and data quality. No capping or compositing was required. Estimation was conducted in accordance with SEC Regulation S-K 1300 standards using validated drill data and surface mapping.

Environmental and Reclamation

Mining operations are conducted in compliance with applicable federal and state environmental regulations. Overburden is stockpiled and used for concurrent reclamation of mined areas, and the Company maintains reclamation plans consistent with lease and permit requirements. No material environmental compliance issues have been identified for the Bear River Zeolite Mine.

Internal Controls over Mineral Reserve and Resource Disclosures

The Company maintains internal controls and procedures designed to support the preparation of the TRS for its BRZ mining operations and to provide reasonable assurance that the disclosures included therein are prepared in accordance with Regulation S-K Subpart 1300. These controls and procedures address the collection, evaluation, and systematic review of geological, mining, processing, and economic information specific to the BRZ facility.

Information underlying the BRZ TRS is derived from the Company’s internal mine records, historical production data, mine planning information, processing and recovery data, and operating cost records maintained at the BRZ operation. The Company utilizes standardized data collection protocols and maintains a centralized database to ensure the integrity of the technical data. Such information is reviewed by management personnel with relevant operational and technical expertise and by a Qualified Person (as defined in Item 1300 of Regulation S-K) prior to inclusion in the TRS.

The Company’s internal controls also include procedures to evaluate the key assumptions, estimates, and forward-looking information included in the TRS, including those related to mining methods, production rates, processing performance, and capital and operating costs. Management reviews the TRS for consistency with other disclosures included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to ensure alignment between technical estimates and financial reporting.

While these controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of the TRS disclosures, the preparation of such information involves significant estimates and judgments and is subject to inherent uncertainties in the geological and economic environment.

Stibnite Hill Antimony Mine – Sanders County, Montana

Property Description and Location

The Stibnite Hill property is located in the Prospect Creek Mining District of Sanders County, Montana, approximately 15 miles west of Thompson Falls. The approximate center of the property is located at 47.548077° North latitude and 115.591828° West longitude. The property lies within the U.S. Geological Survey Thompson Falls 7.5-minute quadrangle and is situated in a mountainous, historically mined area of northwestern Montana.

Access to the property is available from Thompson Falls via Montana Highway 200, with direct access provided by Montana Highway 471 and associated secondary county and forest service roads extending into the Prospect Creek area. The site is characterized by forested terrain and seasonal weather conditions typical of historic antimony and base-metal mining districts in western Montana.

Following is a location map related to this property.

Ownership and Mineral Rights

The property comprises approximately 30 acres of surface estate associated with our patented lode mining claims, which are owned in fee simple by the Company. During 2025, the Company expanded its land position by staking 2,400 acres of additional unpatented federal mining claims covering extensions of known mineralized structures on adjacent open ground immediately adjacent to the Company’s antimony smelting facility in Thompson Falls, Montana. In March 2026, the Company paid $320,000 to acquire additional surface rights associated with patented lode mining claims in the area. Operations at Stibnite Hill are conducted pursuant to permits issued by the State of Montana.

Infrastructure and Accessibility

Access to the Stibnite Hill property is provided by Montana Highway 200, which intersects with Montana Secondary Highway 471 approximately seven miles west of Thompson Falls. The property is accessed directly via Highway 471, the primary paved route through the Prospect Creek Mining District, with final access provided by secondary county and U.S. Forest Service roads leading to the claim blocks and historical workings. The Company has established a centralized processing chain to manage mineralized material extracted from the Stibnite Hill project. Under this operational framework, excavated material was transported via regional highway networks to the Company’s recently acquired flotation mill property located in Radersburg, Montana.

This facility provides a dedicated flotation circuit capable of processing bulk samples and production-scale material into high-grade antimony concentrates. The Radersburg location is strategically positioned within central Montana’s transportation network, supporting the efficient movement of processed concentrates to the Company’s downstream smelting operations. Although the mine and mill are located in separate regions of the state, the haul route utilizes established commercial trucking corridors, including Montana Highway 200 and connecting Interstate 90 and U.S. Highway 12 routes, with an estimated one-way drive time of approximately five to six hours under normal road conditions, providing a consistent logistical link between extraction and concentration activities.

While the lower elevations of Highway 471 remain accessible for much of the year, the site is subject to seasonal transit constraints typical of western Montana. Heavy snowfall during the winter months generally limits surface exploration and bulk haulage activities. The site currently maintains limited permanent infrastructure consistent with its exploration-stage status, though it benefits from proximity to the regional power grid and available industrial services.

History of Operations

The Stibnite Hill property was previously operated by the Company using underground narrow-vein extraction methods from 1968 until operations were discontinued in 1983 due to prevailing market conditions. Historical mining activities focused on the extraction of high-grade stibnite-bearing veins. Following cessation of underground operations, the property remained inactive for several decades prior to renewed technical evaluation and exploration activities conducted by the Company, which included the mining of 840 tons of stibnite ore grading approximately 10% antimony in the fourth quarter of 2025 that was trucked to our flotation mill in Radersburg, Montana.

Geology and Mineralization

Antimony mineralization at Stibnite Hill occurs in narrow, relatively flat-lying stibnite-bearing veins with an approximate dip of 25 degrees and strike lengths extending for several thousand feet. Mineralization is structurally controlled and hosted primarily within brecciated and fractured sedimentary and volcanic rocks. Stibnite is the predominant mineral, with minor associated sulfide minerals.

Historical mining and drilling, together with more recent exploration results, indicate that mineralized zones exhibit continuity both along strike and at depth; however, the full extent of mineralization remains subject to further evaluation. During 2025, the Company undertook a comprehensive technical review of historical records, publicly available technical information, and field observations, supported by a consulting geologist, to reassess the characteristics and continuity of known mineralization.

Mining and Processing Operations

The Stibnite Hill property is currently in the exploration stage. In October 2025, the Company received approval from the Montana Department of Environmental Quality, Hard Rock Mining Bureau, to modify its operating plan and initiated a mechanized exploration and bulk sampling program. Activities commenced in early October 2025, utilizing a surface-based selective recovery method involving removal of overburden, selective excavation of stibnite-bearing material, and progressive replacement of overburden in accordance with permit requirements.

Mining activities utilized hydraulic excavators and, where necessary, hydraulic hammers for fragmentation. By the time operations were seasonally suspended due to winter weather conditions, approximately 840 tons of antimony-bearing material had been extracted. Operations are expected to resume in the early spring of 2026 since winter weather conditions have been mild.

To facilitate the processing of this material, extracted ore has been stockpiled for future processing at a flotation mill near Radersburg, Montana, which was acquired by the Company in January 2026. This facility will be utilized for crushing, milling, metallurgical testing, and evaluation activities. Sampling and assay work is being conducted by an independent geological consulting firm, with samples submitted to an accredited third-party assayer recognized as a Qualified Person under Regulation S-K Subpart 1300.

The Company has not established mineral resources or mineral reserves for the Stibnite Hill property and has not completed a Technical Report Summary for the site in accordance with Regulation S-K Item 1300. No revenue has been recognized from mining activities yet, as no excavated material has been sold or entered commercial production.

Permitting, Environmental and Encumbrances

Exploration and bulk sampling activities are conducted pursuant to approvals issued by the Montana Department of Environmental Quality. Reclamation activities are performed concurrently with excavation in accordance with permit requirements. Any expansion of mining activities remains subject to the establishment of mineral resources or reserves, receipt of additional permits, operational considerations, and prevailing market conditions.

There are no known environmental liabilities or material encumbrances affecting the property and there are no royalty obligations attached to the property.

Alaska Mining Properties

Property Description and Location

The Company’s Alaska mining properties are located in interior Alaska, distributed across the Fairbanks Mining District, the Tok area, and the Maclaren River region. The Fairbanks-area claims include the Mohawk property (64.8721° N, 147.9879° W), the Quill claims

(64.8726° N, 148.0051° W), and the RMA and Oliver claims (64.8734° N, 148.0159° W) near Ester Dome, approximately six miles northwest of Fairbanks. The Stibnite Creek claim group (63.2481° N, 143.7986° W) is located near the junction of the Alaska Highway and the Tok Cutoff and the Maclaren River claims (63.1735° N, 146.8295° W) are situated south of Delta Junction along the Denali Highway corridor. Collectively, these properties are located within historically productive mineral districts known for structurally controlled gold and antimony mineralization. Following is a location map related to these properties.

Ownership and Mineral Rights

The Company holds its Alaska properties through a combination of state and federal lode mining claims, federal placer mining claims, and patented federal lode mining claims located in the Fairbanks District and other interior Alaska regions. During 2025, the Company significantly expanded its Fairbanks District position through a series of strategic acquisition agreements, each subject to a purchase option with net smelter royalty obligations on production, with certain agreements also providing for royalty buyback rights.

In January 2025, the Company executed an agreement to acquire 120 mining claims in the Fairbanks District for aggregate consideration of $3.0 million payable in installments through July 2030. The agreement includes net smelter royalty obligations on production from the claims and certain surrounding areas, partial royalty buyback provisions, and a commitment to expend approximately $2.25 million on exploration and development activities over five years beginning January 2025.

In March 2025, the Company executed an agreement covering 25 mining claims and mineral leases in the Fairbanks District and Maclaren area for aggregate consideration of approximately $425,000 payable through March 2029. This agreement includes a net smelter royalty subject to partial buyback rights and a commitment to expend approximately $250,000 on exploration and development activities over approximately forty-one months.

Effective June 1, 2025, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire various patented federal lode mining claims in the Fairbanks District for aggregate consideration of approximately $2.0 million payable through June 2029. This agreement provides for net smelter royalty payments on production and includes a commitment to expend approximately $700,000 on exploration and development activities over approximately thirty-nine months.

In September 2025, the Company executed an additional agreement to acquire mining claims in the Fairbanks District for aggregate consideration of approximately $500,000 payable through September 2029. This agreement includes a net smelter royalty with partial buyback rights and a commitment to expend approximately $250,000 on exploration activities over approximately thirty-six months beginning September 2026.

The Company currently holds the rights and privileges associated with the acquired mining claims and patented lode claims, subject to the terms of the respective acquisition agreements. To maintain and ultimately obtain full ownership of the claims under installment-based agreements, the Company must make scheduled payments, satisfy applicable royalty obligations, and meet required exploration expenditure commitments. Failure to satisfy these conditions could result in termination of the applicable agreement. All payments related to these mining claims and leases that became due on or before December 31, 2025 were made by the Company pursuant to the terms of the underlying agreements.

All of the above agreements may be terminated by the Company without cause upon notice in accordance with their respective terms.

Infrastructure and Accessibility

The Fairbanks-area claims are accessible by publicly maintained roads extending from Fairbanks. The Stibnite Creek claim group is located near the Alaska Highway and Tok Cutoff, and the Maclaren River claims are accessible via the Denali Highway corridor south of Delta Junction. The Mohawk property is located approximately 0.8 miles northeast of the junction of St. Patrick and Henderson Roads in Ester, Alaska and consists of patented mining claims held in fee simple. The properties benefit from proximity to established highway infrastructure, including the Alaska Highway, Richardson Highway, or Denali Highway. The approximate transport distance from Alaska’s processing facility in Fairbanks to the Company’s processing facilities in Thompson Falls, Montana is approximately 45 hours of transit time.

History of Operations

Certain of the Company’s Alaska properties, including the Mohawk property in the Ester Dome area, were historically developed for lode gold production during the early- to mid-20th century. Historical mining in the Fairbanks Mining District included both placer and underground hard-rock operations conducted by various operators. Antimony mineralization was historically associated with gold-bearing vein systems but was not economically attractive for production from prior operations. Following cessation of historical mining activities, the properties remained largely inactive prior to the Company’s recent exploration efforts.

Geology and Mineralization

The Alaska properties are prospective for structurally controlled antimony mineralization commonly associated with gold-bearing vein systems, as well as copper and tungsten in certain areas. The properties are located within historically productive mineral districts where high-grade antimony has been documented in association with gold mineralization. Based on the structurally controlled vein-hosted mineralization and historical underground production in the district, any future development would likely involve selective hard-rock mining methods; however, no mining method has been selected, and further technical evaluation is required.

Mining and Processing Operations

All of the Alaska properties are in the exploration stage and consist primarily of lode mining claims. Following receipt of applicable permits in 2025, the Company conducted initial field activities consisting of geological mapping, soil geochemical sampling, mechanized trenching, and evaluation of historical workings. These activities were undertaken for evaluation purposes only and did not constitute commercial mining or production. Exploration activities were suspended in October 2025 due to winter weather conditions and are expected to resume when conditions permit, which will likely be in May or June 2026. No mineral extraction, milling, or commercial production occurred during the 2025 fiscal year.

No mineral resources or mineral reserves have been established for any of the Alaska properties in accordance with Regulation S-K Item 1300, and no Technical Report Summary has been completed for these properties.

Permitting, Environmental and Encumbrances

During 2025, the Company submitted permit applications to various state and federal agencies for exploration activities in the Ester Dome and Stibnite Creek areas, including the Alaska Department of Fish and Game Habitat Division, the Alaska Department of

Environmental Conservation Water Division, the Alaska Department of Natural Resources (“Alaska DNR”) Mining Division, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. On September 5, 2025, the Company received approval from the Alaska DNR to conduct permitted exploration activities at the Mohawk property and the RMA and Oliver claims near Ester Dome. Exploration work was conducted within the scope of issued permits and focused on previously disturbed areas. Reclamation of disturbed areas commenced following completion of fieldwork, with only minor reclamation obligations, mainly seeding of the affected areas, expected to be completed when weather conditions permit.

There are no known environmental liabilities or material encumbrances affecting the properties other than the royalty obligations previously described which would reduce net proceeds from any future production. Certain agreements provide partial royalty buyback rights.

Ontario, Canada Mining Properties

Property Description and Location

The Company’s Canadian portfolio of mining properties consists of two strategic assets situated within the Sudbury Mining District of Ontario, a globally recognized hub for base and precious metal production. In June 2025, the Company acquired property located in the Sudbury District of Ontario, Canada, which was comprised of 50 single-cell mining claims (the “Fostung Properties) covering approximately 1,177 hectares (approximately 2,908 acres). The Fostung Properties are located approximately 70 kilometers west-southwest of Sudbury near the town of Espanola at approximately 46.2301° N latitude and 81.6513° W longitude. The Company also holds rights under an option agreement covering 97 mining claims and three mining leases located ten miles northwest of the Sudbury Basin (the “Iron Mask Properties”). The Iron Mask Properties, which cover approximately 1,696 hectares (approximately 4,200 acres), are located within approximately ten miles of the north rim of the Sudbury Basin at approximately 46.6000° N latitude and 81.1833° W longitude. These two properties are situated within a historically active mining district known for base and precious metal production. Following is a location map related to these properties.

Ownership and Mineral Rights

In June 2025, the Company acquired a 100% ownership interest in the Fostung Properties for cash consideration of $5.0 million. The Fostung Properties were originally subject to an aggregate 1.5% net smelter return (“NSR”) royalty, consisting of a 0.25% NSR payable to each of the two sellers plus a 1.0% NSR to a prior owner. In January 2026, the Company paid approximately $108,000 to buy back the 1.0% NSR related to the prior owner.

The Company’s acquisition of the Iron Mask Properties claims and leases is structured through a series of staged payments totaling $275,000, due in installments through August 2028. These properties are subject to a NSR royalty on future production, which includes a minimum royalty provision commencing on the fifth anniversary of the agreement and a partial buyback option. Additionally, the Company is committed to $250,000 in aggregate exploration and development expenditures over a four-year period. While the Company must satisfy the scheduled payment and exploration expenditure commitments to maintain its interest and achieve full ownership, the agreement may be terminated by us without cause upon 30 days’ notice. All payments related to the Iron Mask Properties that were due on or before December 31, 2025 were made by the Company pursuant to the terms of the underlying agreement.

Infrastructure and Accessibility

The Fostung Properties and the Iron Mask Properties both benefit from proximity to established infrastructure within the Sudbury mining district. The Fostung Properties are located near the town of Espanola and are accessible by regional roads. The Iron Mask Properties are accessible via a provincial highway and logging roads, and the Canadian Pacific Railway mainline is located within a few miles of portions of the claim boundary.

The properties are located within a region that hosts active mining operations, processing facilities, and related infrastructure, including open-pit and underground mines, flotation mills, smelters, and refineries that have operated in the district for decades.

History of Operations

The Sudbury Basin is one of Canada’s longest-operating and most productive mining districts, with mining activity dating to the late 1880s. Numerous operators have historically conducted exploration and mining in the region for nickel, copper, cobalt, and associated metals.

The Fostung Properties have been the subject of prior exploration programs, including drilling and technical evaluations conducted by previous owners. The Iron Mask Properties have likewise been subject to historical prospecting and exploration activities targeting cobalt, nickel, copper, and bismuth mineralization. No commercial mining operations have yet to be conducted by the Company on these properties.

Geology and Mineralization

The Fostung Properties deposit occurs within the Espanola Formation, part of the Huronian Supergroup meta-sedimentary sequence along the north shore of Lake Huron. Mineralization consists primarily of tungsten hosted within stratiform geological units. On March 3, 2026, the Company announced the completion of an initial resource engineering study regarding these mining claims to determine the property’s initial mineral resources; however, the report has not yet been filed with the SEC.

The Iron Mask Properties are prospective for cobalt, nickel, copper, and bismuth mineralization, with minor silver and gold values reported historically. These commodities occur within geological settings associated with the Sudbury Basin and surrounding formations. No mineral resources or mineral reserves have been established for the Basin Properties in accordance with SEC Regulation S-K Item 1300.

Mining and Processing Operations

During 2025, activities at the Iron Mask Properties were limited to geological mapping and surface sampling. At the Fostung Properties, the Company obtained authorization for mechanical stripping and conducted limited surface evaluation work with minimal disturbance. No mineral extraction, processing, or commercial production have yet to occur at either Ontario property during 2025.

Based on the SEC definition in Regulation S-K Item 1300, both Ontario properties are considered exploration stage properties.

Permitting, Environmental and Encumbrances

The Company has not sought or received approval to conduct commercial mining operations at either of the Ontario properties. Exploration activities conducted to-date have been authorized under applicable provincial permits.

The Fostung Properties were originally subject to an aggregate 1.5% net smelter return (“NSR”) royalty, consisting of a 0.25% NSR payable to each of the two sellers plus a 1.0% NSR to a prior owner. In January 2026, the Company paid approximately $108,000 to buy back the 1.0% NSR related to the prior owner.

The Company has no known environmental liabilities or remediation obligations associated with the properties. The Company has not commenced development or mining operations and has not selected a mining method. Any future exploration or development activities would be subject to completion of technical and economic studies, environmental review, permitting, regulatory approvals, and community engagement in accordance with applicable provincial and federal requirements.

In 2025, the company staked mining claims in the Dubreuilville area of Ontario, following up on high grade silver values obtained in an Ontario Government helicopter-borne pre-Ambrosia lake sediment sampling program. The company intends to conduct soil sampling programs in the areas up-ice of the lakes and ponds with the high-grade silver values. The Company has also staked additional mining claims near the Iron Mask Properties. The total acreage for these two areas where the Company has staked mining claims is approximately 33,900 acres.

Los Juarez Antimony Mine – Querétaro, Mexico

Property Description and Location

The Los Juarez Property is located in the State of Querétaro, Mexico, approximately 40 kilometers (24.9 miles) by road from the town of Vizarrón de Montes and approximately 4 kilometers from the ejido of Los Juarez. The approximate center of the property is located at 20.8721° North latitude and 99.6704° West longitude. The property comprises mining concessions totaling approximately 629 acres (254 hectares). Access is provided primarily by paved highway, with the final approximately 4 kilometers reached via a dirt road constructed by the Company. The property is situated in a mountainous region of central Mexico. Following is a location map related to the Los Juarez property.

Ownership and Mineral Rights

The Los Juarez Property consists of the San Miguel I and II mining claims, comprising approximately 100 acres (40 hectares) which the Company acquired in 2018 and the San Juan III mining concession, comprising approximately 529 acres (214 hectares), which is held under a lease agreement requiring a monthly payment of $1,000 and providing for a 10% NSR based on production from the property. Collectively, these claims and concessions total approximately 629 acres (254 hectares), and the associated mineral rights are governed by Mexican federal mining law and subject to applicable concession obligations and regulatory requirements.

Infrastructure and Accessibility

The Los Juarez property is situated within the mineralized highlands of the Sierra Madre Oriental, approximately 40 kilometers by road from Vizarrón de Montes, a regional center with established quarrying activity and supporting industrial infrastructure. Access is provided primarily by paved highways, with the final approximately four kilometers reached via a Company-constructed and maintained dirt road suitable for heavy equipment and haulage trucks. The property’s location supports over-the-road transportation of mineralized material to the Company’s Puerto Blanco flotation mill for concentration into antimony-bearing products.

Existing on-site infrastructure is limited and primarily supports exploration and limited mining activities. Improvements include a functional explosives magazine, a small staff support structure, and a generator/welder unit. The Company also maintains mobile equipment at the site to support exploration and bulk sampling activities. No permanent processing plant or large-scale production infrastructure is currently installed on the property.

History of Operations

In 2019, the Company commenced limited open pit mining operations at Los Juarez and extracted approximately 2,000 pounds of material for metallurgical testing and processing evaluation at its Puerto Blanco flotation mill. The purpose of the program was to evaluate recoverability and processing characteristics. Mineral extraction activities were suspended in 2020 to prioritize comprehensive geological modeling and to reconcile grade variability identified during the initial bulk sampling phase. While there have been no mining or commercial production activities at the property since 2020, the Company continues to evaluate geological data and assess development alternatives, potentially with other suitable companies active in mining operations in Mexico.

Geology and Mineralization

The Los Juarez Property is considered prospective for antimony, gold and silver mineralization. The Company has conducted geological mapping, sampling, and evaluation programs on the property, including bulk sampling associated with the 2019 test mining program. Although the property has demonstrated antimony-bearing material, the Company has not established mineral resources or mineral reserves for the Los Juarez Property in accordance with Regulation S-K Subpart 1300 and no Technical Report Summary has been prepared for the property.

Mining and Processing Operations

The Los Juarez property is currently inactive. No mining operations, mineral extraction, or commercial production occurred during 2024 or 2025. Any decision to resume mining or advance the property would be subject to completion of further geological evaluation, engineering studies, economic analysis, and receipt of required permits and regulatory approvals under Mexican law. Ore extracted during the 2019 program was processed at the Company’s Puerto Blanco flotation facility; however, no ongoing processing operations are currently on going.

Permitting, Environmental and Encumbrances

Mining concessions in Mexico are subject to federal regulation, including environmental permitting requirements and compliance with applicable safety, explosives, and land-use regulations. The San Juan III concession is subject to a 10% NSR. The Company is also required to maintain concession rights in good standing under Mexican mining law, including payment of applicable mining duties and compliance with regulatory requirements. Future development or production would require updated permits, environmental review, and regulatory approvals from appropriate Mexican authorities.

United States Antimony Corporation is not a party to any material legal proceedings. No director, officer or affiliate of United States Antimony Corporation and no owner of record or beneficial owner of more than 5% of the Company’s securities or any associate of any such director, officer or security holder is a party adverse to United States Antimony Corporation or has a material interest adverse to United States Antimony Corporation in reference to pending litigation.

The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes related thereto which are included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this Annual Report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those set forth under “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report.

Overview

United States Antimony Corporation began operations in Montana in January 1970 with an initial strategy centered around antimony mining and processing in Montana. Antimony mining ceased in the U.S. in the 1980’s, including our antimony mining operations in Montana, due to a significant increase of less expensive antimony ore being imported into the United States from foreign countries. However, the Company continued to process ore sourced from certain foreign suppliers into antimony oxide, metal, and trisulfide and into precious metals, primarily gold and silver, at its facility in Montana. In 2025, the Company purchased the surface rights to one of its mining claims in Montana and mined 840 tons of antimony ore. While still procuring antimony ore from suppliers, the Company’s operation in Montana is once again vertically integrated with the mining of its own ore.

In the early 2000’s, the Company expanded its footprint with antimony and precious metals operations located in Mexico and zeolite operations located in Idaho. Our zeolite operations are vertically integrated from mining to selling zeolite, which is the Company’s goal for its businesses.

Management has made significant changes to the Company and its operations over the past couple years to vertically integrate and expand overall operations in new areas and to grow sales.

Operations

Beginning in 2024 and continuing in 2025, the Company began acquiring mining claims and leases located in Alaska, Montana, and Ontario, Canada. The Company has also entered into an agreement to acquire exploration rights for mining properties located in the southeastern United States. We invested in these mining properties to further our strategy of vertical integration and to lower our ore cost compared to third-party antimony ore purchases. No active, revenue-producing operations were conducted in 2025 from the Company’s mining claims and leases located in Los Juarez, Mexico (our ADM subsidiary), Ontario, Canada, Alaska, and Thompson Falls, Montana. Also, no mineral reserves or resources have been established yet for these mining claims. However, the Company performed exploration activities and limited surface mining at several locations.

In September 2025, the Company obtained government permits to begin exploration of its mining claims in Alaska that it purchased in 2025 and commenced limited surface mining at two of these sites before the mining season ended due to weather constraints.

In October 2025, the Company produced approximately 840 tons of antimony-bearing material during a mechanized bulk sampling program at its Montana Stibnite Hill mining claim it purchased in 2025. While Stibnite Hill represents a potential long-term source of feedstock for the Company’s smelting operations, mining remains seasonal due to weather and ceased in November 2025. Mining is expected to resume in the spring of 2026. Future development remains subject to ongoing assay results, further permitting, and prevailing market conditions.

In June 2025, the Company paid $5.0 million to acquire property located in the Sudbury District of Ontario, Canada, which included 50 single-cell tungsten mining claims (the Fostung Properties). We have completed fieldwork but have not yet extracted any minerals from the Fostung Properties. On March 3, 2026, the Company announced the completion of an initial resource engineering study regarding these mining claims to determine the property’s initial mineral resources; however, the report has not yet been filed with the SEC.

In October 2025, the Company completed the purchase of additional property in Fairbanks, Alaska that will be used for field operating activities, including ore separation and storage, as well as an office for its staff. In addition, the Company addressed logistical constraints related to its workforce by purchasing an existing housing development in Thompson Falls, Montana. This investment provides a dedicated housing solution to attract and retain the skilled labor to support increased staffing levels for our growing operations and smelting expansion.

In November 2025, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire exploration rights for mining properties located in the southeastern United States. There were no mining activities on this property in 2025.

In January 2026, the Company completed the acquisition of a fully operational flotation and concentration facility in Radersburg, Montana for total cash consideration of $4.8 million. The Radersburg property is expected to enhance midstream processing capacity and further vertically integrate the Company’s domestic antimony supply chain. Management has budgeted approximately $2.0 million in capital expenditures to modernize equipment and add a new laboratory with the goal of optimizing operational efficiencies and mineral recovery rates.

In February 2026, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Americas Gold and Silver Corporation (“Americas”) to construct and operate a new, state-of-the-art hydrometallurgical processing facility. The joint venture will be owned 51% by Americas and 49% by the Company, with the Company serving as managing member.

Sales

In September 2025, the Company secured a five-year, sole-source Indefinite Delivery, Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract with the U.S. Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) Strategic Materials, which is responsible for managing the National Defense Stockpile (NDS). The contract, with a maximum value of $248 million, is for the sale of antimony metal ingots (99.65% purity) through September 2030. Pricing is determined at the time each delivery order is placed. The Company received delivery orders under this contract in September 2025 and January 2026 totaling approximately $12 million. No revenue was recognized under this contract in fiscal 2025.

In November 2025, the Company executed a five-year sales agreement with a new industrial customer for the sale of antimony trioxide. The agreement specifies a monthly delivery schedule through December 2026. Thereafter, delivery volumes, pricing (subject to semiannual market-based adjustments), and delivery schedules are subject to mutual written agreement every six months.

In 2026, the Company began expanding its commercial presence in the animal nutrition industry through a third party with extensive relationships in that sector, where zeolite products are used as feed amendments. Through this relationship, the Company has received introductions to several animal nutrition customers and has begun supplying zeolite products to select customers introduced through this relationship. The Company is in the process of formalizing a definitive agreement with this third party to support further development of these relationships.

We review our strategic initiatives to ensure an adequate return on our investments. We also review the performance of our reportable segments and the performance of our Company with a focus on generating positive cash flow. A cornerstone of our strategy is the well-being of our employees as they are our most valuable asset. Our mission is to serve our employees, customers, and vendors with excellence while growing the business profitably through both organic growth and strategic acquisitions and partnerships to increase shareholder value. Beginning in 2024 and continuing into 2025, we have strengthened our organization through the addition of key personnel in the areas of customer service, sales, operations, finance, and plant management, as well as the appointment of new board members and the formation of new business partnerships. The Company also continues to expand its mining claim portfolio. These strategic additions enhance our operational capabilities and position the Company to advance its mission of disciplined execution, attentive service, and profitable growth in the critical minerals space.

Following is selected consolidated financial information:

Revenues

Revenues increased by $24.3 million, or 163%, in fiscal year 2025 compared to fiscal year 2024 primarily due to:

• Antimony revenue:
• 230% increase in average sales price per pound.
• Zeolite revenue:
• 8% increase in tons sold, and
• 6% increase in average sales price per ton.

The increase in antimony revenue was primarily driven by continued elevated market demand and reduced supply, which resulted in higher realized pricing during 2025. The average sales price per pound increased approximately 230% compared to the prior year. The increase in zeolite revenues was primarily attributable to higher sales volume, driven by strengthened customer relationships, improved supply reliability, and expanded market reach, along with an improvement in realized pricing.

Gross Profit

Gross profit was $9.9 million in fiscal year 2025 compared to $3.5 million in fiscal year 2024. The 185% increase between the years was primarily due to the following:

• Higher realized pricing on antimony sales driven by sustained market demand that significantly increased margins per pound sold,
• Favorable ore input costs on antimony inventory purchased in the first half of 2025 which improved spreads but were partially offset by suppliers charging a higher percentage of prevailing market prices later in the year, and
• Zeolite segment margin expansion resulted from increased sales volumes and improved average selling prices, coupled with lower operating and maintenance costs following substantial nonrecurring repair work performed at the BRZ facility during the first three quarters of 2024.

Operating Expenses

Operating expense increased by $12.5 million in fiscal year 2025 compared to fiscal year 2024 primarily due to:

• Higher non-cash share-based compensation resulting from additional equity awards granted in 2025 following shareholder approval of the Amended and Restated 2023 Equity Incentive Plan, which expanded the shares available under the plan to better align management and shareholder interests and support executive recruitment and retention,
• Increased salaries and employee benefits associated with continued build out of the Company’s management and operational infrastructure to support expanded operations and future growth initiatives, and
• Higher professional fees related to strategic activities, including potential acquisitions, government funding efforts, mining claim activities, and expanded commercial development.

Net Loss

The Company incurred a net loss of $4.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to a net loss of $1.7 million in 2024. Included in the 2025 net loss was $6.7 million of net non-cash items, which consisted primarily of $7.1 million of non-cash share-based compensation expense, $1.3 million of an IVA refund reserve, and $1.2 million of depreciation and amortization expense, partly offset by $3.3 million of an unrealized gain on an investment in equity securities. Included in the 2024 net loss was $1.9 million of net non-cash items, which consisted primarily of $0.6 million of non-cash share-based compensation expense and $1.1 million of depreciation and amortization expense.

Working Capital

Working capital increased by $27.9 million to $44.6 million at December 31, 2025, compared to $16.7 million at December 31, 2024. This increase was driven by a $34.1 million rise in total current assets, primarily consisting of higher cash and cash equivalents, short-term investment securities, accounts receivable, inventories, and short-term note receivable. The $19.4 million increase in cash, investments, and the note receivable on a combined basis primarily reflects the partial use of proceeds received from common stock issuances and warrant exercises during 2025. Accounts receivable increased $3.1 million due to higher antimony sales levels and pricing, while inventories increased $11.3 million net as the Company held higher volumes of antimony on hand at a higher cost per pound. These increases were partially offset by a $6.2 million rise in current liabilities, mainly attributable to higher accounts payable and accrued liabilities. Accounts payable increased $5.4 million due to greater antimony purchases and suppliers charging a higher percentage of prevailing market prices, and accrued liabilities rose $1.4 million primarily from an increase in accrued compensation. Inventory balances by segment as of the date indicated was as follows:

Comparison of Financial Information for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024

Antimony

Financial and operational antimony metrics were as follows:

(a) Revenue from sales of gold and silver totaled $519,902 and $525,087, respectively, and revenue from sales of antimony ore and concentrates totaled $nil and $368,627, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, which were excluded from Revenue and Gross Profit in the chart above but included in the antimony segment. Pounds of antimony sold in the chart above excludes the pounds sold related to gold, silver, and ore and concentrates for both years presented.

Antimony revenue increased $24.3 million, or 219%, to $35.4 million in 2025 compared to $11.1 million in the prior year. The increase was primarily driven by sustained market demand and reduced supply, which resulted in a 230% increase in the average sales price per pound. Antimony market prices reached peak levels during the year but moderated during the second half of 2025. The favorable pricing impact was partially offset by a 3% decline in sales volume, which was primarily attributable to temporary workforce constraints that have since been resolved coupled with the refurbishing of furnaces at our Thompson Falls smelter.

Gross profit increased $6.1 million, or 171%, to $9.7 million in 2025 compared to $3.6 million in 2024. The increase was primarily attributable to higher average sales prices per pound driven by sustained demand, together with favorable ore input costs on purchases made during the first half of 2025. These margin improvements were partially offset by suppliers charging a higher percentage of prevailing market prices later in the year, as well as a year-end antimony net realizable value charge and higher IVA tax receivable reserves related to our Mexico operations.

Zeolite

Financial and operational metrics of our zeolite segment were as follows:

Zeolite revenue increased $0.4 million, or 14%, to $3.4 million in 2025 compared to $2.9 million in 2024. Revenue growth was the result of an 8% increase in sales volume, driven by strengthened customer relationships, improved supply reliability, and broader customer reach coupled with a 6% improvement in the average sales price per ton.

Gross profit was $0.2 million in 2025 compared to a gross loss of ($0.6 million) in 2024. This improvement in gross profit was largely due to both sales volume growth and higher average sales prices, coupled with a decrease in maintenance and related costs. Our BRZ facility incurred significant repair and related costs during the first three quarters of 2024 to address deferred maintenance on older equipment and stabilize operational performance.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our mission is to serve our employees, customers, and vendors with excellence while growing the business profitably through both organic growth and strategic acquisitions and partnerships to increase shareholder value. The Company is focused on generating positive cash flow to fund its mission.

One method of generating cash is through the sale or issuance of common stock, warrants, debt, and other investment vehicles, which the Company has been successful at executing in the past. During 2025, the Company generated $36.7 million of net proceeds from the sale of common stock in “at the market offerings,” $67.6 million of net proceeds from three direct common stock offerings with certain institutional investors, and $5.7 million of proceeds from the exercise of pre-existing common stock warrants. Total proceeds received by the Company from these capital raising activities in 2025 were $110 million. However, our ability to access capital or raise funds when needed is not assured and, if capital is not available when, and in the amounts and terms needed, or if capital is not available at all, the Company could be required to significantly curtail its operations, modify existing strategic plans, and/or dispose of certain operations or assets, which could materially harm our business, prospects, financial condition, and operating results.

In 2025, the Company secured a $19.0 million margin credit line with a national bank, which bears interest at one percent above the base commercial rate. Borrowings under the facility are secured by the Company’s investment securities held to maturity, specifically its U.S. Treasury Strips, which are pledged as collateral. Availability under the margin credit line is subject to customary margin requirements based on the value of the pledged securities. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the facility.

On March 5, 2026, the Company announced that it had been awarded $27.0 million by the U.S. Department of War under Title III of the Defense Production Act to fund the expansion and modernization of the Company’s domestic antimony production capabilities. Funds will be awarded to the Company as established project milestones are met.

The Company could also receive additional funds from the U.S. Government for initiatives related to facility expansion and mining exploration and development. However, there is no assurance that further U.S. Government funding will be accessible to the Company.

In addition, the Company continues to review each segment’s operational and financial results for opportunities to improve cash flow and to make informed decisions that benefit the Company overall.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $30.5 million. We believe that our cash and cash equivalents should be sufficient to fund our operations and meet our working capital, capital expenditure, and contractual obligations for the next 12 months.

Material Cash Requirements

We intend to continue to invest in our employees, customers, infrastructure, and operations with the goals of increasing production, decreasing costs, and growing revenue profitably. Also, we intend to fund our cash requirements in 2026 with our cash and cash equivalents. We may also use our available cash to acquire businesses or additional properties. The nature of these investments and transactions, however, makes it difficult to predict the amount and timing of such future cash requirements.

Cash flow information was as follows:

Net cash used in operating activities was $9.7 million in 2025, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $2.2 million in 2024. The use of operating cash in 2025 was primarily driven by increased working capital requirements. Inventories increased by $12.2 million, reflecting substantially higher levels of antimony inventory on hand. Of this increase, approximately $0.9 million related to a non-cash net realizable value (“NRV”) adjustment, which is reflected separately within non-cash reconciling items in operating activities. Processing on $4 million of the antimony inventory at December 31, 2025 started in the first quarter of 2026 due to timing of receipt. Accounts receivable increased by $3.1 million, primarily due to higher sales pricing. These uses of cash were partially offset by a $5.4 million increase in accounts payable, which included higher antimony purchases and suppliers charging a greater percentage of prevailing market prices, and a $1.4 million increase in accrued liabilities due to an increase in accrued compensation.

Net cash used in investing activities was $87.4 million in 2025 as compared to net cash used in investing activities of $42 thousand in 2024. Investing activities in 2025 consisted of $19.9 million for purchases of U.S. Treasury Strips, $37.2 million for purchases of an investment in equity securities, $27.8 million in capital expenditures, and the issuance of a $2.5 million note receivable. Our capital expenditures included $5.0 million for the purchase of the Fostung Properties, approximately $17.1 million of construction in progress expenditures primarily associated with the expansion of our existing smelting operations located in Thompson Falls, Montana that will largely be reimbursed with proceeds from the approved $27.0 million award from the U.S. Department of War, and $5.7 million of other additions, which included equipment purchases for BRZ, the purchase of residential properties in Thompson Falls, Montana, and the acquisition of residential and storage facilities in Fairbanks, Alaska.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $109.5 million in 2025 as compared to $4.1 million of net cash provided by financing activities in 2024. Significant financing activities in 2025 included $36.7 million of net proceeds received from the sale of common stock in “at the market offerings”, $67.6 million of net proceeds received from three direct common stock offerings with certain institutional investors, and $5.7 million of proceeds received from the exercise of pre-existing common stock warrants. Total proceeds received by the Company for these capital raising activities in 2025 were $110 million.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has no significant off-balance sheet arrangements.

Critical Accounting Estimates

In connection with the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), we are required to make estimates and assumptions about future events and apply judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, sales, expenses and the related disclosures. Predicting future events is inherently an imprecise activity and as such requires the use of judgment. We base our assumptions, estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends and other factors that management believes to be relevant at the time our consolidated financial statements are prepared. On a regular basis, management reviews the accounting policies, assumptions, estimates and judgments to ensure that our consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with U.S. GAAP. However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material.

Management believes the accounting estimates discussed below are the most critical because they require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, resulting from the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

The Company reviews and evaluates the net carrying value of its long-lived assets for impairment upon the occurrence of events or changes in circumstances that indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. A test for recoverability is performed based on the estimated undiscounted future cash flows that will be generated from operations at each property and the estimated salvage value of the assets. There are many assumptions underlying future cash flows that are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, which include the estimated value of the assets. Estimates of undiscounted future cash flows and salvage values are dependent upon, among other factors, estimates of: (i) product and metals to be recovered from identified mineralization and other resources, (ii) future production and capital costs, (iii) estimated selling prices over the estimated remaining life of the asset and (iv) market values of assets. The Company reviews its business and operations for indications of impairment and, when indications are present, performs an impairment test. The Company will involve a third-party expert if needed. However, it is possible that changes could occur in the near term that could adversely affect estimates of salvage values and future cash flows to be generated from operating assets resulting in an impairment loss.

Asset Retirement Obligations

The asset retirement obligations included in our Consolidated Balance Sheet are based on estimates of future costs to reclaim properties and retire fixed assets as required by permits, government regulations, and lease or other contractual requirements upon cessation of our operations. Determination of any amounts included in the fair value of asset retirement obligations can change periodically as the calculation of the fair value of asset retirement obligations is based upon numerous estimates and assumptions, including, among others, future retirement costs, future inflation rate, and the Company’s credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate. Also, there are uncertainties associated with the nature, timing, and extent of costs associated with asset retirement obligations, including, among others, the extent of environmental contamination, revisions to laws and regulations by regulatory authorities, and changes in remediation technology. As a result, the ultimate cost as well as the timing of the retirement obligation could change in the future. The Company continually reviews its asset retirement obligations for indications that estimated costs or timing have changed and, when indications are present, recalculates its asset retirement obligation. When calculating an additional asset retirement obligation liability resulting from upward revisions in estimated retirement costs, management compares the revised undiscounted cash flows to the most recent inflation-adjusted undiscounted cash flow estimate underlying the existing asset retirement obligation. Only the incremental increase is recognized as a new asset retirement obligation layer and measured at fair value using an expected present value technique, reflecting updated assumptions regarding future cash flows, inflation, and discount rate. The estimation of asset retirement obligations requires significant judgment and involves numerous complex technical assumptions, including, among others, the timing, method, scope, and cost of retirement activities, as well as applicable regulatory and environmental requirements. As appropriate, the Company may engage qualified third-party specialists to assist in the evaluation and remeasurement of its asset retirement obligations. Actual costs incurred to reclaim and retire property and fixed assets upon cessation of operations may differ materially from estimated amounts due to, among other reasons, changes in laws and regulations, site conditions, inflation, labor and material costs, or remediation techniques.

Share-based Compensation

The Company records compensation costs related to stock-based awards in accordance with U.S. GAAP, whereby the Company measures stock-based compensation cost at the grant date based on the estimated fair value of the award. Compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. Where necessary, the Company utilizes the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of stock options granted, which requires the input of highly subjective assumptions including, among others: the expected option life, the risk-free rate, the dividend yield, the volatility of the Company’s stock price and an assumption for employee forfeitures. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury bill rate at the date of the grant with maturity dates approximately equal to the expected term of the option. The Company has not historically issued any dividends and does not expect to in the near future. Changes in any of these subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimates and the resulting stock-based compensation recognized.

In addition, the Company’s stock plan includes awards that vest based on performance criteria. Stock-based compensation expense for these awards is estimated quarterly, including adjustments to previous recognized expense, based on anticipated achievement of performance criteria. The quarterly estimated vesting percentage reflects management’s assessment of progress in accomplishing defined objectives. Upon vesting, current period expense is adjusted based on the actual achievement of performance criteria. Given the subjective nature of these assumptions and estimates, changes in market conditions, employee behavior, or our stock price, among others, could result in materially different stock-based compensation expense in future periods.

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report, an evaluation was carried out under the supervision of and with the participation of our management, including the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer of the effectiveness of the design and operations of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a – 15(e) and Rule 15d – 15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective in ensuring that: (i) information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits to the SEC under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in applicable rules and forms, and (ii) material information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow for accurate and timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Internal control over financial reporting

Management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of our company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management assessed our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, the end of our fiscal year. Management based its assessment on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013). Management’s assessment included evaluation of such elements as the design and operating effectiveness of key financial reporting controls, process documentation, accounting policies, and our overall control environment.

Based on our assessment, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective, as of the end of the fiscal year, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, due to material weaknesses in the design, documentation, and monitoring of our internal control over financial reporting, the absence of proper segregation of duties, and the potential for management override of internal controls.

The Company’s limited staff has made it difficult to have an effective design, documentation, and monitoring of its internal control over financial reporting and proper segregation of duties. Due to the significance of potential misstatement that could result due to the deficient controls and the absence of sufficient mitigating controls, we determined that this control deficiency resulted in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement or lack of disclosure within the annual or interim financial statements may not be prevented or detected.

Management’s Remediation Initiatives

Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple errors or mistakes. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks.

Management of the Company believes that these material weaknesses are more so due to the small size of the Company’s accounting staff. To continue to address this matter, in 2025, the Company hired employees to lead Sarbanes-Oxley compliance, SEC reporting, accounts payable, finance and accounting in Mexico, and information technology. In addition, the Company hired a third-party firm in 2025 to assist with the implementation of new accounting software and to assist with gaining compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley, all of which is expected to be completed in 2026.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during our most recent quarter ended December 31, 2025, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.