Comscore, Inc.: Form 10-Q for the period ended Sep 30, 2023

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or 10-Q. In addition to historical financial information, the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results and timing of selected events in future periods may differ materially from those anticipated or implied in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those discussed under Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the "2022 10-K"), under Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in this 10-Q and elsewhere in this 10-Q. See also "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" at the beginning of this 10-Q.

Overview

We are a global information and analytics company that measures advertising, content, and the consumer audiences of each, across media platforms. We create our products using a global data platform that combines information on digital platforms (connected (Smart) televisions, mobile devices, tablets and computers), TV, direct to consumer applications, and movie screens with demographics and other descriptive information. We have developed proprietary data science that enables measurement of person-level and household-level audiences, removing duplicated viewing across devices and over time. This combination of data and methods enables a common standard for buyers and sellers to transact on advertising. This helps companies across the media ecosystem better understand and monetize their audiences and develop marketing plans and products to more efficiently and effectively reach those audiences. Our ability to unify behavioral and other descriptive data enables us to provide audience ratings, advertising verification, and granular consumer segments that describe hundreds of millions of consumers. Our customers include digital publishers, television networks, movie studios, content owners, brand advertisers, agencies and technology providers.

The platforms we measure include televisions, mobile devices, computers, tablets, connected TV devices and movie theaters. The information we analyze crosses geographies, types of content and activities, including websites, mobile and over-the-top applications, video games, television and movie programming, e-commerce and advertising.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth selected Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) data as a percentage of total revenues for each of the periods indicated. Percentages may not add due to rounding.

(In thousands)

18

Revenues

Our products and services are organized around solution groups that address customer needs. Accordingly, we evaluate revenues around two solution groups:

• Digital Ad Solutions provide measurement of the behavior and characteristics of audiences across digital platforms, including computers, tablets, mobile and other connected devices. This solution group also includes custom offerings that provide end-to-end solutions for planning, optimization and evaluation of advertising campaigns and brand protection across digital platforms, including transactional outcome-based measurement driven by our Activation and Comscore Campaign Ratings products.
• Cross Platform Solutions provide measurement of content and advertising audiences across local, national and addressable television, including consumption through connected (Smart) televisions, and are designed to help customers find the most relevant viewing audience whether that viewing is linear, non-linear, online or on-demand. This solution group also includes custom offerings that provide end-to-end solutions for planning, optimization and evaluation of advertising campaigns across platforms. In addition, this solution group includes products that measure movie viewership and box office results by capturing movie ticket sales in real time or near real time and includes box office analytics, trend analysis and insights for movie studios and movie theater operators worldwide.

We categorize our revenue along these two solution groups; however, our cost structure is tracked at the corporate level and not by our solution groups. These costs include, but are not limited to, employee costs, purchased data, operational overhead, data storage and technology that supports multiple solution groups.

Revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

(In thousands)

Digital Ad Solutions revenue decreased primarily due to lower revenue from our syndicated digital products driven by lower renewals and lower deliveries of certain custom digital products. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in Activation revenue driven by higher usage from multiple customers.

Cross Platform Solutions revenue increased primarily due to higher local TV revenue from renewals and new business, partially offset by lower national TV revenue due to lower renewals. Movies revenue was flat compared to the prior year period.

Revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

(In thousands)

Digital Ad Solutions revenue decreased primarily due to lower revenue from our syndicated digital products driven by lower renewals and lower deliveries of certain custom digital products. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in Activation revenue driven by higher usage from multiple customers.

Cross Platform Solutions revenue increased primarily due to higher local TV and movies revenues, offset by lower national TV revenue. Local TV increased due to higher renewals and new business. Our movies revenue increased primarily due to the continued return of consumers to theaters in markets worldwide. These increases were offset by lower revenue from national TV due to lower renewals and a one-time custom deliverable in the first quarter of 2022.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues consists primarily of expenses related to producing our products, operating our network infrastructure, the recruitment, maintenance and support of our consumer panels and amortization of capitalized fulfillment costs. These expenses include employee costs for salaries, benefits, stock-based compensation and other related personnel costs of network operations, survey operations, custom analytics and technical support, all of which are expensed as they are incurred. Cost of revenues also includes costs to obtain MVPD data sets and panel, census-based and other data sets used in our products as well as operational costs associated with our data centers, including depreciation expense associated with computer equipment and internally developed software that supports our panels and systems. Additionally, cost of revenues includes allocated overhead, which is comprised of lease expense and other facilities-related costs, and depreciation expense generated by general purpose equipment and software.

Cost of revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

(In thousands)

Panel costs decreased primarily due to lower recruitment and support costs for our desktop and mobile panels. Employee costs decreased primarily due to an increase in employee compensation capitalized in 2023 in relation to capitalized software projects as we are allocating more resources to product development this year. Data costs decreased primarily due to vendor credits recognized in the third quarter of 2023. Systems and bandwidth costs increased primarily due to cloud computing and processing costs attributable to certain custom TV data set deliveries.

Cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

(In thousands)

Employee costs decreased primarily due to an increase in employee compensation capitalized in 2023 in relation to capitalized software projects as we are allocating more resources to product development this year, as well as a decrease in employee headcount. Data costs decreased primarily due to vendor credits recognized in 2023. Panel costs decreased primarily due to lower recruitment and support costs for our desktop and mobile panels. Systems and bandwidth costs increased primarily due to cloud computing and processing costs attributable to certain custom TV data set deliveries. Professional fees increased primarily due to an increase in consulting services related to our transformation initiatives.

Selling and Marketing

Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee costs for salaries, benefits, commissions, stock-based compensation and other related costs for personnel associated with sales and marketing activities, as well as costs related to online and offline advertising, industry conferences, promotional materials, public relations, other sales and marketing programs and allocated overhead, which is comprised of lease expense and other facilities-related costs, and depreciation expense generated by general purpose equipment and software.

Selling and marketing expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

(In thousands)

Employee costs decreased primarily due to a decrease in employee headcount and lower commissions.

Selling and marketing expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

(In thousands)

Employee costs decreased primarily due to a decrease in employee headcount and lower commissions.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses include product development costs, consisting primarily of employee costs for salaries, benefits, stock-based compensation and other related costs for personnel associated with research and development activities, third-party expenses to develop new products and third-party data costs and allocated overhead, which is comprised of lease expense and other facilities-related costs, and depreciation expense related to general purpose equipment and software.

Research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

(In thousands)

Research and development expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

(In thousands)

Employee costs decreased primarily due to an increase in employee compensation capitalized in 2023 in relation to capitalized software projects as we are allocating more resources to product development this year.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee costs for salaries, benefits, stock-based compensation and other related costs, and related expenses for executive management, finance, human capital, legal and other administrative functions, as well as professional fees, overhead, including allocated overhead, which is comprised of lease expense and other facilities-related costs, depreciation expense related to general purpose equipment and software, amortization of cloud-computing implementation costs, changes in the fair value of our contingent consideration liability, Board of Directors compensation and expenses incurred for other general corporate purposes.

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

(In thousands)

General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

(In thousands)

Employee costs decreased primarily due to a decrease in stock-based compensation expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and severance expense related to the retirement of our former CEO recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Other expense decreased primarily due to a $0.3 million loss resulting from the change in fair value of contingent consideration during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to a $2.4 million loss during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Impairment of Right-of-use and Long-lived Assets

In the third quarter of 2023, we recorded a $1.5 million impairment charge related to certain office space lease right-of-use assets and related long-lived assets. The impairment charge was driven by our abandonment of certain leased office spaces prior to the end of the lease terms. No impairment of right-of-use and long-lived assets was incurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. For further information refer to Footnote 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

Organizational Restructuring

In September 2022, we communicated and began to implement a restructuring plan that included a workforce reduction. Certain other initiatives are expected to be completed as part of the restructuring plan, as described in Footnote 10, Organizational Restructuring. We incurred $0.4 million and $5.5 million of restructuring expenses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, related to the plan and expect restructuring costs to continue through the remainder of 2023 as other initiatives are completed. We incurred $5.8 million of restructuring expenses during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Impairment of Goodwill

In the second quarter of 2023, as a result of a decline in our stock price and market capitalization, among other factors, we performed an interim impairment review of our goodwill. Our reporting unit did not pass the goodwill impairment test, and as a result we recorded a $44.1 million non-cash impairment charge for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. In the third quarter of 2022, as a result of a decline in our stock price and market capitalization, among other factors, we performed an interim impairment review of our goodwill in conjunction with our October 1, 2022 annual testing date. Our reporting unit did not pass the goodwill impairment test, and as a result we recorded a $46.3 million non-cash impairment charge for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.

For further information on our goodwill, refer to Footnote 4, Goodwill in this 10-Q and Item 7, "Critical Accounting Estimates" within our 2022 10-K.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net represents income and expenses incurred that are generally not recurring in nature or are not part of our regular operations. The following is a summary of other income, net for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

(In thousands)

The change in other income, net for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to 2022 was largely driven by changes in the fair value of our warrants liability. The gain on the warrants liability for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to a decrease in the trading price of our Common Stock during the quarter. The gain on the warrants liability for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to the decrease in the trading price of our Common Stock during the second and third quarter, offset by the exercise price adjustment described in Footnote 5, Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity. The gain on the warrants liability during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was primarily due to a decrease in the trading price of our Common Stock during the respective periods.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net consists of interest income and interest expense. Interest income primarily consists of interest earned from our cash and cash equivalent balances. Interest expense relates to interest on our senior secured revolving credit agreement (the "Revolving Credit Agreement"), our sale-leaseback agreement, and our finance leases.

We incurred interest expense, net of $0.4 million and $0.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1.1 million and $0.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Gain (Loss) From Foreign Currency Transactions

Our foreign currency transactions are recorded as a result of fluctuations in the exchange rate between the transactional currency and the functional currency of foreign subsidiary transactions. Our international currency exposures that relate to the translation to U.S. Dollars are in a net liability position and our international currency exposures that relate to the translation from U.S. Dollars are in a net asset position.

For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the gain from foreign currency transactions was $1.1 million and $2.8 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the (loss) gain from foreign currency transactions was $(0.5) million and $5.7 million, respectively. Gains and losses during these periods were primarily driven by fluctuations between the Chilean Peso, Euro, and U.S. Dollar exchange rates.

Income Tax (Provision) Benefit

A valuation allowance has been established against our net U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets and certain foreign deferred tax assets, including net operating loss carryforwards. As a result, our income tax position is primarily related to foreign tax activity and U.S. deferred taxes for tax deductible goodwill and other indefinite-lived liabilities.

For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recorded an income tax provision of $0.7 million and an income tax benefit of $0.1 million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 22.1% and 0.2%, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recorded an income tax provision of $0.6 million and $1.9 million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 1.1% and 3.0%, respectively. These effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to the effects of certain permanent items, foreign tax rate differences, increases in the valuation allowance against our domestic deferred tax assets and deferred tax benefits related to the impairment of goodwill. A deferred income tax benefit of $1.3 million related to the impairment of goodwill is included in the amounts recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and $1.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The difference in income tax position during 2023 as compared to 2022 is primarily due to a decrease in estimated foreign tax expense in 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table summarizes our cash flows for each of the periods identified:

(In thousands)

23

Overview

Our principal uses of cash consist of cash paid for data, payroll and other operating expenses, including expenses incurred in prior periods; payments related to investments in equipment, primarily to support our consumer panels and technical infrastructure required to deliver our products and services and support our customers; service of our debt and lease facilities; and dividend payment obligations with respect to our Preferred Stock.

As of September 30, 2023, our principal sources of liquidity consisted of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash totaling $30.3 million (including $0.2 million in restricted cash), cash flows from our operations, and amounts available to us under our Revolving Credit Agreement, as described below.

On May 5, 2021, we entered into the Revolving Credit Agreement with Bank of America N.A. The Revolving Credit Agreement provides a borrowing capacity equal to $40.0 million, which was increased from $25.0 million on February 25, 2022. As of September 30, 2023, we had outstanding borrowings of $16.0 million and outstanding letters of credit totaling $3.4 million under the Revolving Credit Agreement, leaving a remaining borrowing capacity of $20.6 million. The outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement are classified within current liabilities as the facility matures in May 2024.

At an annual meeting of stockholders held on June 15, 2023 (the "Annual Meeting"), our stockholders approved proposals permitting the payment of annual dividends on the Preferred Stock in the form of cash, shares of Common Stock, additional shares of Preferred Stock, or a combination thereof. On the same date, each holder of Preferred Stock waived its right to receive on June 30, 2023 the annual dividends otherwise payable by us on that date. The deferred dividends will accrue at a rate of 9.5% per year from June 30, 2023 until declared and paid, with payment to occur on or before December 31, 2023 subject to certain conditions. As of September 30, 2023, accrued dividends for the Preferred Stock totaled $19.8 million.

Macroeconomic Factors

Macroeconomic challenges such as inflation, rising interest rates, capital market disruptions and recession concerns have caused some advertisers to reduce or delay advertising expenditures in recent years. These declines have had a direct impact on demand for our products, particularly those that are tied to discretionary advertising spend. We expect that softness in the advertising market will continue to affect our business through the end of 2023 and into 2024. Although we cannot quantify the impact of macroeconomic factors on our future results, any worsening of ad market conditions could negatively impact our financial position and liquidity.

Preferred Stock

On March 10, 2021, in connection with the Securities Purchase Agreements described above, we issued 82,527,609 shares of Preferred Stock in exchange for gross cash proceeds of $204.0 million. Net proceeds from the Transactions totaled $187.9 million after deducting issuance costs. Shares of Preferred Stock are convertible into Common Stock as described in Footnote 5, Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity. As of September 30, 2023, each share of Preferred Stock was convertible into 1.097283 shares of Common Stock, with such conversion rate scheduled to return to 1.00 upon payment of accrued dividends.

The holders of Preferred Stock are entitled to participate in all dividends declared on the Common Stock on an as-converted basis and are also entitled to a cumulative dividend at the rate of 7.5% per annum, payable annually in arrears and subject to increase under certain specified circumstances. In addition, such holders are entitled to request, and we must take all actions reasonably necessary to pay, a one-time special dividend on the Preferred Stock equal to the highest dividend that our Board determines can be paid at the applicable time (or a lesser amount agreed by the holders), subject to additional conditions and limitations described in Footnote 5, Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity. We may be obligated to obtain debt financing in order to effectuate the special dividend, which could significantly impact our financial position and liquidity depending on the timing and scope of the dividend payment and related financing. Moreover, this obligation could lead us to refinance or terminate the Revolving Credit Agreement prior to its maturity, due to its restrictions on our ability to incur additional debt.

At the Annual Meeting held on June 15, 2023, our stockholders approved proposals permitting the payment of annual dividends on the Preferred Stock in the form of cash, shares of Common Stock, additional shares of Preferred Stock, or a combination thereof. On the same date, each holder of Preferred Stock waived its right to receive on June 30, 2023 the annual dividends otherwise payable by us on that date. Upon receipt of the waivers, our Board of Directors unanimously agreed to defer the June 30, 2023 dividend payment in order to provide flexibility for our management team to continue to execute our strategic plan and consider dividend payment options later in the year. Under the waivers and the Certificate of Designations governing the Preferred Stock, the deferred dividends will accrue at a rate of 9.5% per year from June 30, 2023 until declared and paid, with payment to occur on or before December 31, 2023 subject to certain conditions. Payment of annual dividends (including deferred dividends) in the form of cash could significantly impact our financial position and liquidity.

Revolving Credit Agreement

On May 5, 2021, we entered into the Revolving Credit Agreement, which matures in May 2024. The Revolving Credit Agreement provides a borrowing capacity equal to $40.0 million (increased from $25.0 million on February 25, 2022). We may also request the issuance of letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Agreement in an aggregate amount up to $5.0 million, which reduces the amount of available borrowings by the amount of such issued and outstanding letters of credit.

On February 25, 2022, we entered into an amendment to the Revolving Credit Agreement to expand our aggregate borrowing capacity from $25.0 million to $40.0 million. The 2022 amendment also replaced the previous Eurodollar Rate (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement) with a SOFR-based interest rate and modified the Applicable Rate definition in the Revolving Credit Agreement to increase the Applicable Rate payable on SOFR-based loans to 2.50%. On February 24, 2023, we entered into an additional amendment to the Revolving Credit Agreement that further increased the Applicable Rate payable on SOFR-based loans to 3.50%.

The amount we are able to borrow under the Revolving Credit Agreement is subject to compliance with financial covenants, satisfaction of various conditions precedent to borrowing and other provisions of the Revolving Credit Agreement. Notably, the Revolving Credit Agreement (as amended) contains financial covenants that require us to maintain a minimum Consolidated Asset Coverage Ratio and minimum Liquidity through maturity, minimum Consolidated EBITDA for periods through December 31, 2023, and a minimum Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio for periods after December 31, 2023 (each term as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement). As of September 30, 2023, we were in compliance with our covenants under the Revolving Credit Agreement, and based on our current plans, we do not anticipate a breach of these covenants that would result in an event of default under the Revolving Credit Agreement.

As of September 30, 2023, we had outstanding borrowings of $16.0 million and outstanding letters of credit totaling $3.4 million under the Revolving Credit Agreement, leaving a remaining borrowing capacity of $20.6 million. The borrowed funds were used to reduce our accounts payable balances, primarily related to expenses incurred in prior periods, and support our working capital position. While we continue to take steps to reduce our outstanding trade payables and improve our working capital position, our liquidity could be negatively affected if we are unable to generate sufficient cash from operations to satisfy outstanding payables and meet our other financial obligations as they come due. Our liquidity could also be significantly affected if we are unable to repay or refinance our outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement upon its maturity in May 2024.

For additional information on the Revolving Credit Agreement, refer to Footnote 6, Debt.

Sale of Common Stock and Warrants

On June 23, 2019, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with CVI pursuant to which we sold to CVI for aggregate gross proceeds of $20.0 million (i) 2,728,513 shares of Common Stock and (ii) Series A Warrants, Series B-1 Warrants, Series B-2 Warrants and Series C Warrants to initially purchase up to 11,654,033 shares of Common Stock (the "Private Placement"). On October 14, 2019, we issued 2,728,513 shares of Common Stock to CVI upon exercise by CVI of the Series C Warrants. As a result of this exercise, the number of shares issuable under our Series A Warrants was increased by 2,728,513. On January 29, 2020, the Series B-1 Warrants expired unexercised. On August 3, 2020, the Series B-2 Warrants expired unexercised.

The exercise price of our Series A Warrants was adjusted in connection with the Transactions in March 2021 and further adjusted in connection with shares issued to non-executive employees under our annual incentive compensation plan in March 2023. For additional information on the Private Placement and the adjustments to our Series A Warrants, refer to Footnote 5, Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity.

Operating Activities

Our primary source of cash provided by operating activities is revenues generated from sales of our products and services. Our primary uses of cash from operating activities include personnel costs and costs related to data and infrastructure used to develop and maintain our products and services.

Cash provided by operating activities is calculated by adjusting our net loss for changes in working capital, as well as by excluding non-cash items such as: depreciation, non-cash operating lease expense, amortization expense of finance leases and intangible assets, impairment of goodwill and other assets, stock-based compensation, deferred tax provision or benefit, change in the fair value of contingent consideration and warrants liability, and amortization of deferred financing costs.

Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $30.3 million compared to $36.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease in cash provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to a net decrease in cash generated from operating assets and liabilities, with $6.3 million generated for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to $15.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The lower amount of cash generated from operating assets and liabilities in 2023 was primarily due to severance payments made in 2023, as well as the first payment of contingent consideration for our 2021 Shareablee acquisition.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities primarily consists of payments related to capitalized internal-use software costs, purchases of computer and network equipment to support our technical infrastructure, and furniture and equipment. The extent of these investments will be affected by our ability to expand relationships with existing customers, grow our customer base and introduce new digital formats, as well as constraints on cash expenditures due to our financial position and the current economic environment.

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $17.8 million compared to $13.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily due to an increase in cash paid for capitalized internally developed software as we increased our focus on product infrastructure and innovation in 2023.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $2.7 million compared to $17.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease in cash used in financing activities was primarily due to the deferral of accrued dividends due to holders of the Preferred Stock in the second quarter of 2023, as described under "Preferred Stock" above. This was offset by a portion of the first payment of contingent consideration for our 2021 Shareablee acquisition initially recorded at fair value and paid during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Contractual Payment Obligations

We have certain long-term contractual arrangements that have fixed and determinable payment obligations including purchase obligations with MVPDs and connected (Smart) television providers, operating and financing leases, and data storage and bandwidth arrangements.

We have data licensing agreements with a number of MVPDs and other providers for set-top box and connected (Smart) television data. These agreements have remaining terms from one to eight years. As of September 30, 2023, the total fixed payment obligations related to set-top box and connected (Smart) television data agreements are $279.5 million and $2.5 million, respectively. In addition, we expect to make variable payments related to a set-top box data agreement totaling an estimated $1.9 million by the end of 2023.

We have both operating and financing leases related to corporate office space and equipment. Our leases have remaining terms from less than one to five years. As of September 30, 2023, the total fixed payment obligation related to these agreements is $45.0 million.

We have an agreement for cloud-based data storage and bandwidth to help process and store our data. The remaining term for this agreement is less than one year. As of September 30, 2023, the total fixed payment obligation related to this agreement is $1.8 million.

Future Capital Requirements

Our ability to generate cash is subject to our performance, general economic conditions, industry trends and other factors, including the timing of cash collections from our customers, data costs and other trade payables, service of our debt and lease facilities, dividend payment obligations, and expenses from ongoing compliance efforts and legal matters. To the extent that our existing cash, cash equivalents and operating cash flow, together with savings from repayment of prior debt arrangements and cost-reduction initiatives undertaken by our management, are insufficient to fund our future activities and requirements, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private equity or debt financing. We may also be required to raise additional funds in order to repay our Revolving Credit Agreement upon maturity or pay a special dividend to holders of our Preferred Stock, as described above. Our history of net losses, as well as disruption and volatility in global capital and credit markets, could impact our ability to access capital resources on terms acceptable to us or at all. If we issue additional equity securities in order to raise additional funds, pay dividends or for other purposes, further dilution to existing stockholders may occur.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the amounts reported in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances.

Refer to the critical accounting estimates disclosed in Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," in our 2022 10-K for detailed information about the estimates and assumptions that we consider to be the most critical to an understanding of our financial condition and results of operations. These estimates and assumptions involve significant judgments and uncertainties, and actual results in these areas could differ from our estimates.

Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. We have outstanding warrants that are subject to market risk. We also have interest rate risk for amounts outstanding under our Revolving Credit Agreement, and we have foreign currency exchange rate risk from our global operations.

For discussion of the market risk associated with our interest rate, foreign currency and warrants liability risks, refer to Item 7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" within the 2022 10-K.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We carried out an evaluation required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), under the supervision and with the participation of our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act, as of September 30, 2023. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that as of September 30, 2023, these disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Under Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d), management is required to evaluate, with the participation of our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, any changes in internal control over financial reporting that occurred during each fiscal quarter that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitation on the Effectiveness of Internal Controls

The effectiveness of any system of internal control over financial reporting is subject to inherent limitations, including the exercise of judgment in designing, implementing, operating, and evaluating the controls and procedures, and the inability to eliminate misconduct completely. Accordingly, any system of internal control over financial reporting can only provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance that its objectives will be met. In addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. We intend to continue to monitor and upgrade our internal controls as necessary or appropriate for our business, but we cannot assure that such improvements will be sufficient to provide us with effective internal control over financial reporting in future periods.

An investment in our Common Stock involves a substantial risk of loss. In addition to the information in this report, you should carefully consider the risks discussed in Item 1A, "Risk Factors" of our 2022 10-K before you decide whether to invest in our stock. The risks identified below and in our 2022 10-K could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. In that case, the trading price of our Common Stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment. The risks described below and in our 2022 10-K are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results, and may result in the loss of part or all of your investment.

If we are unable to meet Nasdaq continued listing requirements, Nasdaq may take action to delist our Common Stock.

Our Common Stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. Continued listing is subject to compliance with a number of requirements. On July 11, 2023, we received a standard letter from The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC stating that we were not in compliance with the minimum bid price requirement set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5450(a)(1) because our Common Stock did not maintain a minimum closing bid price of $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days.

The notification letter provided an automatic period of 180 calendar days to regain compliance with Rule 5450(a)(1). To regain compliance, the closing bid price of our Common Stock must be at least $1.00 per share for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days at any time prior to the expiration of the 180-day period (January 8, 2024). In the event that we do not regain compliance during the initial 180-day period, the letter provides that we may be eligible for additional time to reach compliance.

We are actively monitoring the bid price of our Common Stock and will consider all available options to resolve the deficiency and regain compliance with Rule 5450(a)(1). We are committed to regaining compliance prior to the expiration of applicable compliance periods. If we are unable to do so, however, Nasdaq may take action to delist our Common Stock. A delisting of our Common Stock could negatively impact us and our stockholders by reducing the liquidity and market price of our Common Stock and potentially reducing the number of investors willing to hold or buy our Common Stock. A delisting also could have negative consequences under our financing agreements and could adversely affect our ability to raise capital.

There is no guarantee that a reverse stock split, if implemented, would be effective to maintain our listing on Nasdaq.

Our Board of Directors has adopted, subject to approval by our stockholders, a proposed amendment to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to effect a reverse stock split, which would combine shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding or held in treasury into a lesser number of shares of Common Stock at a ratio in the range of 1-for-2 and 1-for-30, with the exact ratio to be selected by our Board. The primary purpose of the reverse stock split, should our Board choose to effect it, is to increase the per-share price of our Common Stock in order to meet the price criteria for continued listing on Nasdaq. However, there is no guarantee that the closing bid price of our Common Stock would remain at or above $1.00 for 10 consecutive business days following a reverse stock split, as required to cure our current Nasdaq listing standard deficiency. Moreover, there can be no assurance that a reverse stock split, even if effective to cure the current deficiency, would lead to a sustained increase in the trading price of our Common Stock. The trading price of our Common Stock would continue to be affected by many factors, including our business prospects and performance, our capital structure, and general economic, market and industry conditions.

Implementing a reverse stock split would not increase the actual or intrinsic value of our business or change a stockholder's proportional ownership in the Company. Should the overall value of our Common Stock decline after a reverse stock split, then the actual or intrinsic value of the shares of Common Stock held by our stockholders would proportionately decrease as a result of the overall decline in value. Moreover, the liquidity of our Common Stock could be harmed by a reverse stock split given the reduced number of shares that would be outstanding after the split, particularly if the expected increase in stock price as a result of the split is not sustained.

Our Board is considering alternatives to the reverse stock split and reserves the right, notwithstanding stockholder approval and without further action by our stockholders, to abandon the amendment to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and the reverse stock split if, at any time prior to the filing of the amendment with the Secretary of State of Delaware, the Board determines that it is not in the best interests of the Company or our stockholders to proceed.

Our outstanding securities, the stock or securities that we may issue under existing or future agreements, and certain provisions of those securities, may cause immediate and substantial dilution to our existing stockholders.

Our existing stockholders have and may continue to experience substantial dilution as a result of our obligations to issue shares of Common Stock. As of September 30, 2023, our Preferred Stock was convertible into an aggregate of 90,556,132 shares of Common Stock at the election of the holders. Furthermore, we have reserved 5,457,026 shares of Common Stock for issuance pursuant to our Series A Warrants, which are subject to adjustment upon certain issuances of capital stock. We have also issued 8,066,876 shares of Common Stock to the selling stockholders of Shareablee (which we acquired in December 2021), and we may elect to pay any deferred consideration due to the Shareablee sellers in 2023 and 2024 in shares of Common Stock. In addition, in June 2023 our stockholders adopted an amendment to the Certificate of Designations of our Preferred Stock to permit payment of annual dividends on the Preferred Stock in the form of cash, shares of Common Stock, additional shares of Preferred Stock (which would be convertible into shares of Common Stock) or a combination thereof.

As of September 30, 2023, 2,181,561 shares of Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding stock options under our equity incentive plans (including stock option awards we assumed in the Shareablee acquisition), 6,301,054 shares of Common Stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding restricted stock unit and deferred stock unit awards under our equity incentive plans and arrangements (including Shareablee plan awards and an employment inducement award we granted in 2021), and 6,796,763 shares of Common Stock were available for future equity awards under our 2018 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan.

The issuance of shares of Common Stock (i) upon the conversion of or payment of dividends on our Preferred Stock, (ii) upon the exercise of warrants, (iii) as deferred consideration to the Shareablee sellers, (iv) pursuant to outstanding and future equity awards, or (v) upon the conversion of other existing or future convertible securities, may result in substantial dilution to each of our stockholders by reducing that stockholder's percentage ownership of our outstanding Common Stock.