Magyar Bancorp, Inc.: Form 10-Q for the period ended Mar 31, 2025

Forward-Looking Statements

When used in this filing and in future filings by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in the Company’s press releases or other public or shareholder communications, or in oral statements made with the approval of an authorized executive officer, the words or phrases, “anticipate,” “would be,” “will allow,” “intends to,” “will likely result,” “are expected to,” “will continue,” “is anticipated,” “estimated,” “projected,” “believes”, or similar expressions are intended to identify “forward looking statements.” Forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those risks previously disclosed by the Company in Item 1A of its Annual Report on Form 10-K as may be supplemented by Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC, general economic conditions, changes in interest rates, regulatory considerations, competition, technological developments, retention and recruitment of qualified personnel, and market acceptance of the Company’s pricing, products and services, levels of uninsured deposits, and with respect to the loans extended by the Company and real estate owned, the following: risks related to the economic environment in the market areas in which the Bank operates, particularly with respect to the real estate market in New Jersey; the risk that the value of the real estate securing these loans may decline in value; and the risk that significant expense may be incurred by the Company in connection with the resolution of these loans.

The Company wishes to caution readers not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made, and advises readers that various factors, including regional and national economic conditions, substantial changes in levels of market interest rates, credit and other risks of lending and investing activities, and competitive and regulatory factors, could affect the Company’s financial performance and could cause the Company’s actual results for future periods to differ materially from those anticipated or projected.

The Company does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to update any forward-looking statements to reflect occurrences or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

Comparison of Financial Condition at March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024

Total Assets. Total assets increased $69.9 million, or 7.3%, to $1.0 billion at March 31, 2025 from $951.9 million at September 30, 2024. The increase was attributable to higher balances of interest-earning deposits with banks and loans receivable.

Interest Earning Deposits. Total interest-earning deposits with banks increased $46.7 million, or 194.4%, to $70.7 million at March 31, 2025 from $25.6 million at September 30, 2024 from net deposit inflows during the six months ended March 31, 2025.

Loans Receivable. Total loans receivable increased $28.8 million, or 3.7%, to $809.0 million at March 31, 2025 from $780.2 million at September 30, 2024. The increase in total loans receivable during the six months ended March 31, 2025 occurred primarily in commercial real estate loans, which increased $33.9 million, or 7.4% to $495.2 million, or 61.1% of total loans. The Company also grew its one-to four-family residential real estate loans (including home equity lines of credit), which increased $3.8 million. Partially offsetting these increases were construction and land loans, which decreased $5.2 million, commercial business loans, which decreased $3.0 million and other loans, which decreased $483 thousand.

Given the significance of commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans to our total loan portfolio, the following table further disaggregates these loans by occupied status and by collateral type as of March 31, 2025:

(In thousands)

23

The Company obtains an appraisal of the real estate collateral securing a CRE loan prior to originating the loan. The appraised value is used to calculate the ratio of the outstanding loan balance to the value of the real estate collateral, or loan-to-value ratio ("LTV"). The original appraisal is used to monitor the LTVs within the CRE portfolio unless an updated appraisal is received, which may happen for a variety of reasons including, but not limited to, payment delinquency, additional loan requests using the same collateral, and loan modifications. The following table presents the ranges in the LTVs of our CRE loans at March 31, 2025:

March 31, 2025

(Dollars in thousands)

As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024, non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans (as defined by regulatory guidance) to total risk-based capital were estimated at approximately 268% and 270%, respectively. Management believes that Magyar Bank has implemented appropriate risk management practices, including risk assessments, board-approved underwriting policies and related procedures, which include monitoring loan portfolio performance and stressing of the commercial real estate portfolio under adverse economic conditions.

The Company’s asset quality with respect to commercial real estate loans has remained strong despite recent economic and market conditions. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024, we had $0 and $116 thousand of non-performing commercial real estate loans, respectively.

Total non-performing loans decreased $151 thousand, or 65.1%, to $81 thousand at March 31, 2025 from $232 thousand at September 30, 2024. The ratio of non-performing loans to total loans decreased to 0.01% at March 31, 2025 from 0.03% at September 30, 2024.

The allowance for credit losses increased $179 thousand to $8.2 million, or 0.98% of total loans receivable, during the six months ended March 31, 2025. Growth in loans receivable during the six months ended March 31, 2025 resulted in additional provisions for credit losses totaling $71 thousand and the Company recorded $108 thousand in net loan recoveries. The Company’s allowance for on-balance sheet credit losses increased to $7.9 million at March 31, 2025 from $7.5 million at September 30, 2024 while its reserve for off-balance sheet commitments decreased to $240 thousand at March 31, 2025 from $449 thousand at September 30, 2024.

The allowance for on-balance sheet loan losses as a percentage of total loans was 0.98% at March 31, 2025 and 0.97% at September 30, 2024. Future increases in the allowance for credit losses may be necessary based on possible future increases in non-performing loans and charge-offs, the possible deterioration of collateral values, and the possible deterioration of the current economic environment.

Investment Securities. At March 31, 2025, investment securities totaled $94.0 million, reflecting a decrease of $1.4 million, or 1.5%, from $95.4 million at September 30, 2024. The decrease resulted from matured bonds totaling $4.5 million and payments from mortgage-backed securities totaling $3.8 million during the six months ended March 31, 2025. Offsetting these decreases were purchases of mortgage-backed securities totaling $6.9 million.

Investment securities at March 31, 2025 consisted of $68.8 million in mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government agencies and U.S. government-sponsored enterprises, $14.5 million in U.S. government-sponsored enterprise debt securities, $7.1 million in corporate notes, $3.4 million in municipal bonds, and $183 thousand in “private-label” mortgage-backed securities. There was no allowance for credit losses for the Company’s investment securities at March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024.

Bank Owned Life Insurance. Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) decreased $2.9 million, or 12.5%, to $20.4 million at March 31, 2025 from $23.3 million at September 30, 2024.

In August 2024, the Company restructured approximately $7.9 million of its BOLI portfolio with the simultaneous purchase and surrender/exchange of BOLI policies. During the six months ended March 31, 2025, the Company received $3.2 million from policy surrenders and recorded a $329 thousand increase in the cash surrender value of the BOLI policies. The restructure increased the yield on the BOLI portfolio from 2.59% (3.71% tax-equivalent) to 3.26% (4.66% tax-equivalent) at March 31, 2025.

Deposits. Total deposits increased $61.0 million, or 7.7%, to $857.7 million at March 31, 2025 from $796.7 million at September 30, 2024.

The inflow in deposits occurred in interest-bearing checking accounts, which increased $30.3 million, or 20.6%, to $177.0 million, in money market accounts, which increased $22.5 million, or 7.4%, to $327.1 million, in certificates of deposit (including individual retirement accounts), which increased $6.1 million, or 3.8%, to $165.7 million, in savings accounts, which increased $1.7 million, or 3.2%, to $54.6 million and in non-interest bearing checking accounts, which increased $462 thousand, or 0.4%, to $133.3 million.

Included with total deposit at March 31, 2025 were $33.1 million in brokered deposits, compared with $29.6 million at September 30, 2024. The Company issued $3.8 million of five-year term certificates of deposit and had one redemption totaling $250 thousand during the six months ended March 31, 2025.

Uninsured deposits were approximately $169.3 million and $122.3 million at March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2024, respectively.

Borrowed Funds. Borrowings increased $5.3 million, or 18.7%, to $33.9 million at March 31, 2025 from $28.6 million at September 30, 2024.

During the six months ended March 31, 2025, the Company borrowed $6.9 million from the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York, of which $1.9 million was a zero-cost advance for a three-year term and a $5.0 million was a four-year advance with an initial rate of 4.468% and an embedded 5.0% SOFR interest rate cap. The borrowings were used to fund the Company’s loan growth and were offset by $1.5 million in principal repayment.

Stockholders’ Equity. Stockholders’ equity increased $3.7 million, or 3.4%, to $114.3 million at March 31, 2025 from $110.5 million at September 30, 2024. The increase was primarily due to the results from operations, partially offset by dividends paid totaling $0.15 per share and the repurchase of 37,486 shares during the six months ended March 31, 2025. The Company’s book value per share increased to $17.65 at March 31, 2025 from $16.98 at September 30, 2024.

Average Balance Sheets for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

The following tables present certain information regarding the Company’s financial condition and net interest income for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. The tables present the annualized average yield on interest-earning assets and the annualized average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. We derived the yields and costs by dividing annualized income or expense by the average balance of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, respectively, for the periods shown. We derived average balances from daily balances over the period indicated. Interest income includes fees that we consider adjustments to yields.

(Dollars in thousands)

(1) The average balance of loans receivable, net includes non-accrual loans.

(2) Interest income and yield are calculated using the Company's 21% federal tax rate.

(3) Includes passbook savings, money market passbook and club accounts.

(4) Includes interest-bearing checking and money market accounts.

(5) Includes certificates of deposits and individual retirement accounts.

(6) Calculated as annualized net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.

(Dollars In Thousands)

(1) The average balance of loans receivable, net includes non-accrual loans.

(2) Interest income and yield are calculated using the Company's 21% federal tax rate.

(3) Includes passbook savings, money market passbook and club accounts.

(4) Includes interest-bearing checking and money market accounts.

(5) Includes certificates of deposits and individual retirement accounts.

(6) Calculated as annualized net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

Net Income. Net income increased $784 thousand, or 41.3%, to $2.7 million for the three-month period ended March 31, 2025 compared with net income of $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase was due to higher net interest income and other income, partially offset by higher other expenses.

Net Interest and Dividend Income. Net interest and dividend income increased $953 thousand, or 13.8%, to $7.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $6.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase was attributable to a 14-basis point increase in the Company’s net interest margin to 3.31% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from 3.17% for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Interest and Dividend Income. Interest and dividend income increased $1.6 million, or 13.5%, to $13.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with $11.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase was attributable to a 23-basis point increase in the yield on interest-earning assets to 5.68% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from 5.45% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as well as a $78.8 million, or 8.9%, increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets.

The average balance of loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses, increased $76.6 million, or 10.5%, to $803.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $726.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024, while the yield on loans receivable increased 24 basis points to 6.12% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from 5.88% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The higher average balance and yield accounted for a $1.6 million, or 15.1%, increase in loan interest income between periods.

Interest earned on investment securities, including interest-earning deposits and excluding FHLB stock, increased $12 thousand, or 0.9%, to $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024. The average balance of investment securities and interest-earning deposits increased by $1.9 million, or 1.2%, to $159.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $157.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 while the yield on such assets decreased 1 basis points to 3.40% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from 3.41% for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $651 thousand, or 13.0%, to $5.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $5.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities increased $116.4 million, or 18.1%, to $758.9 million while the cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased 13 basis points to 3.02% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with 3.15% for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

The average balance of interest-bearing deposits increased $113.0 million, or 18.4%, to $726.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $613.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, while the average cost of such deposits decreased 13 basis points to 3.03% from 3.16%. As a result, interest paid on interest-bearing deposits increased $650 thousand, or 13.6%, to $5.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with $4.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Interest paid on borrowings increased $1 thousand, or 0.5%, to $223 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $222 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024. While the average balance of borrowings increased $3.3 million to $32.1 million for the three months ended March 31 2025 compared to $28.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, the cost of the borrowings decreased by 31 basis points to 2.81% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from 3.12% for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Provision for Credit Losses. The Company recorded a net $30 thousand reduction to its allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to a $14 thousand provision during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Provisions for on-balance sheet credit losses were $70 thousand from growth in total loans receivable during the quarter. The Company reduced its allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses by $100 thousand from a reduction in unfunded construction loan commitments during the quarter. Net recoveries from a previously charged-off commercial business loan totaled $5 thousand during the three months ended March 31,2025 compared with $65 thousand in net loan recoveries during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Other Income. Other income increased $646 thousand, or 103.9%, to $1.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $622 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Higher other income was primarily due to higher gains from the sale of Small Business Administration (“SBA”) 7(a) loans, which increased $399 thousand, or 187.3%, to $612 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $213 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The Company sold loans totaling $6.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared with $2.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Service charges increased $191 thousand, or 65.0%, to $485 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $294 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The Company recorded higher commercial loan prepayment charges, loan fees and late charges on loans during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Income on bank-owned life insurance policies increased $71 thousand, or 78.0%, to $162 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $91 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The higher income on bank owned life insurance resulted from the restructure of policies totaling $7.9 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2024.

Other Expenses. Other expenses increased $290 thousand, or 5.7%, to $5.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $5.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Compensation and benefit expense increased $218 thousand, or 7.2%, to $3.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $3.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase was attributable to higher employee medical benefits and incentive accruals as well as annual merit increases.

Occupancy expenses increased $46 thousand, or 5.7%, to $849 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $803 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2024 due to higher seasonal snow and ice removal.

Other expenses increased $38 thousand, or 6.8%, to $600 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2025 from $562 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to higher loan servicing costs.

Income Tax Expense. The Company recorded income tax expense of $1.1 million on pre-tax income of $3.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared with $526 thousand on pre-tax income of $2.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase was driven by higher pre-tax income as well as changes in deferred tax items that lowered the Company’s tax expense during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was 29.0% compared with 21.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Six Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

Net Income. Net income increased $1.2 million, or 34.3%, to $4.8 million during the six-month period ended March 31, 2025 compared with $3.5 million for the six-month period ended March 31, 2024. The increase was due to higher net interest income, lower provisions for credit loss, and higher other income, partially offset by higher other expenses and income tax expense.

Net Interest and Dividend Income. Net interest and dividend income increased $1.1 million, or 8.1%, to $15.3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $14.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024. The increase was attributable to a $61.2 million, or 7.0%, increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets to $940.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $879.6 million for the same period at March 31, 2024, as well as a 4-basis point increase in the Company’s net interest margin to 3.27% for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from 3.23% for the six months ended March 31, 2024.

Interest and Dividend Income. Interest and dividend income increased $2.9 million, or 12.6%, to $26.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $23.5 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024. The increase was attributable to a 29-basis point increase in the yield on interest-earning assets to 5.64% for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from 5.35% for the six months ended March 31, 2024, as well as a $61.2 million, or 7.0%, increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets.

The average balance of loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses, increased $79.7 million, or 11.1%, to $794.6 million during the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $714.9 million during the six months ended March 31, 2024, while the yield on loans receivable increased 27 basis points to 6.06% for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from 5.79% for the six months ended March 31, 2024. The higher average balance and yield accounted for a $3.4 million, or 16.4%, increase in loan interest income between periods.

Interest earned on investment securities, including interest-earning deposits and excluding FHLBNY stock, decreased $422 thousand, or 15.4%, to $2.3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $2.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024. The average balance of investment securities and interest-earning deposits decreased by $18.7 million, or 11.5%, to $143.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $162.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024. Partially offsetting this decrease was a 15-basis point increase in the yield of such assets to 3.25% for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from 3.40% for the six months ended March 31, 2024.

Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $1.8 million, or 19.3%, to $11.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared with $9.3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024. The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities increased $107.5 million, or 17.2%, to $743.3 million while the cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased 5 basis points to 3.03% for the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared with 2.98% for the six months ended March 31, 2024.

The average balance of interest-bearing deposits increased $105.9 million, or 17.7%, to $703.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $597.5 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024, while the average cost of such deposits increased seven basis points to 3.04% from 2.97%. As a result, interest paid on interest-bearing deposits increased $1.8 million, or 20.6%, to $10.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $8.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024.

Interest expense on borrowings decreased $26 thousand, or 5.7%, to $431 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $457 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2024. The cost of borrowings decreased 34 basis points to 2.80% for the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared with 3.14% for the six months ended March 31, 2024, while the average balance of borrowings increased $1.6 million, or 5.6%, to $30.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $29.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024.

Provision for Credit Losses. The Company recorded provisions for credit losses of $71 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared with $495 thousand for the six months ended March 31, 2024. Provisions for on-balance sheet credit losses were $279 thousand from growth in total loans receivable during the period. The Company reduced its allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses by $208 thousand from a reduction in unfunded construction loan commitments during the period. Net recoveries from previously charged-off commercial business loans totaled $108 thousand during the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared with $66 thousand in net loan recoveries during the six months ended March 31, 2024.

Other Income. Other income increased $994 thousand, or 80.7%, to $2.2 million during the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $1.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024.

Higher other income was primarily due to higher gains from the sale of SBA 7(a) loans and other real estate owned (“OREO”). Gains from the sale of SBA loans increased $506 thousand, or 148.0%, to $848 thousand during the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $342 thousand during the six months ended March 31, 2024. The Company sold loans totaling $8.9 million during the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared with $3.8 million during the six months ended March 31, 2024. The Company recorded a $224 thousand gain on the sale of one OREO property during the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared with no sales or gains during the six months ended March 31, 2024.

Service charges increased $210 thousand, or 35.2%, to $807 thousand during the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $597 thousand during the six months ended March 31, 2024. The Company recorded higher commercial loan prepayment charges, loan fees and late charges on loans during the six months ended March 31, 2025.

Income on bank-owned life insurance policies increased $143 thousand, or 76.9%, to $329 thousand during the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $186 thousand during the six months ended March 31, 2024. The higher income on bank owned life insurance resulted from the restructure of policies totaling $7.9 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2024.

Other Expenses. Other expenses increased $679 thousand, or 6.7%, to $10.8 million during the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $10.1 million during the six months ended March 31, 2024.

Compensation and benefit expense increased $452 thousand, or 7.7%, to $6.3 million during the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $5.9 million during the six months ended March 31, 2024. The increase was attributable to higher employee medical benefits and incentive accruals as well as annual merit increases.

Occupancy expenses increased $247 thousand, or 15.5%, to $1.8 million during the six months ended March 31, 2025 from $1.6 million during the six months ended March 31, 2024 due to lease termination expenses related to the closure of the Bank’s Bridgewater office in the Company’s first quarter as well as higher seasonal snow and ice removal during the six months ended March 31, 2025 compared with the six months ended March 31, 2024.

Income Tax Expense. The Company recorded tax expense of $1.9 million on pre-tax income of $6.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $1.2 million on pre-tax income of $4.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in income tax expense was driven by higher pre-tax income as well as changes in deferred tax items that lowered the Company’s tax expense during the six months ended March 31, 2024. The Company’s effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2025 was 28.5% compared with 25.7% for the six months ended March 31, 2024.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity

The Company’s liquidity is a measure of its ability to fund loans, pay withdrawals of deposits, and other cash outflows in an efficient, cost-effective manner. The Company’s short-term sources of liquidity include maturity, repayment and sales of assets, excess cash and cash equivalents, new deposits, other borrowings, and new advances from the FHLBNY. Based on eligible loan collateral pledged to the FHLBNY at March 31, 2025, we had an aggregate net borrowing capacity of $128.8 million. There has been no material adverse change during the six months ended March 31, 2025 in the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to fund their operations.

At March 31, 2025, the Company had commitments outstanding under letters of credit totaling $785 thousand, commitments to originate loans totaling $24.1 million, and commitments to fund undisbursed balances of closed loans and unused lines of credit totaling $83.0 million. There has been no material change during the current quarter ended March 31, 2025 in any of the Company’s other contractual obligations or commitments to make future payments.

Capital Requirements

At March 31, 2025, the Bank’s Tier 1 capital as a percentage of the Bank’s total assets was 10.90%, and total qualifying capital as a percentage of risk-weighted assets was 15.96%.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

There has been no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

There were no material changes to the risk factors relevant to the Company’s operations as described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on December 19, 2024.