Stablecoin Development Corp: Form 10-Q for the period ended Jun 30, 2024

This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part I, Item 1 of this report, and with our consolidated financial statements and related notes, and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 26, 2024, as amended on March 29, 2024 (the “2023 Annual Report”). Words such as “expects,” “anticipated,” “will,” “may,” “goals,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “concludes,” determines,” variations of these words, and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. As a result of many factors, including those set forth under the section entitled “Risk Factors” of this report and in our 2023 Annual Report, as well as in other sections in our SEC filings, our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that these forward-looking statements are only predictions based upon assumptions made that we believed to be reasonable at the time and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Therefore, actual results may differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statements after the date of this report, even if new information becomes available in the future.

Overview

We are a company focused on the development and sale of scientifically-created and clinically-proven eyecare and wound care products. Our leading product, Avenova® Antimicrobial Lid and Lash Solution, or Avenova Spray, is proven in laboratory testing to have broad antimicrobial properties as it removes foreign material including microorganisms and debris from the skin around the eye, including the eyelid. Avenova Spray is formulated with our proprietary, stable and pure form of hypochlorous acid and is cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) for sale in the United States. Avenova Spray is available direct to consumers, primarily through online distribution channels, and is also available by prescription and dispensed by eyecare professionals for blepharitis and dry eye disease. Because dry eye is a complex condition, we offer a complementary portfolio of scientifically-developed products for each step of the standard at-home treatment regimen, including the Avenova Lubricating Eye Drops for instant relief, NovaWipes by Avenova, Avenova Warm Eye Compress to soothe the eyes, and the i-Chek by Avenova to monitor physical eyelid health.

We also manufacture and sell our proprietary form of hypochlorous acid for the wound care market through our NeutroPhase and PhaseOne branded products. NeutroPhase and PhaseOne are used for cleansing and irrigation as part of surgical procedures, as well as treating wounds, burns, ulcers and other injuries. The Company currently sells these products through distributors.

Through our former subsidiary DERMAdoctor, LLC (“DERMAdoctor”), the Company offered over 30 dermatologist-developed products targeting common skin concerns, ranging from aging and blemishes to dry skin, perspiration and keratosis pilaris. On March 25, 2024, we announced the closing of the sale of DERMAdoctor (the “DERMAdoctor Divestiture”). We acquired DERMAdoctor in November 2021 in order to achieve overall revenue growth, cost reductions and profitability. We were unable to achieve those objectives with DERMAdoctor. We continue to evaluate strategies for our entire Company, to maximize revenue growth and profitability and minimize operating losses while addressing our capital and liquidity needs. To that end, we determined to divest DERMAdoctor and consummate the DERMAdoctor Divestiture, which was not profitable, having incurred historical losses including the loss of $124 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2024. The DERMAdoctor Divestiture streamlined our business by reducing our cash burn and allows us to focus on pursuing better growth opportunities.

Recent Developments

DERMAdoctor Divestiture

On March 12, 2024, we entered into a Membership Unit Purchase Agreement (the “DERMAdoctor Purchase Agreement”) by and among: (i) New Age Investments, LLC; (ii) DERMAdoctor; and (iii) the Company that provided for the sale of 100% of the membership units (the “Membership Units”) of DERMAdoctor.

Upon the closing of the DERMAdoctor Divestiture on March 25, 2024 as contemplated by the DERMAdoctor Purchase Agreement, the Company sold the Membership Units to New Age Investments, LLC for a purchase price of $1.1 million. For additional information regarding the DERMAdoctor Divestiture, see also Note 18, “Divestiture and Discontinued Operations” in the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Amendment to the Security Agreement and Consent to Terminate the Subsidiary Guarantee

The closing of the DERMAdoctor Divestiture was subject to certain conditions, which included the Company obtaining the consent of the holders (the “Secured Parties”) of the Company’s Original Discount Senior Secured Convertible Debentures due November 1, 2024 (see Note 10, “Convertible Notes”), to (i) amend the Security Agreement, dated April 27, 2023 (the “Security Agreement”), to remove the Membership Units and any assets of DERMAdoctor as collateral for the Company’s obligations pursuant to the Secured Convertible Notes and for DERMAdoctor to be removed as a party to the Security Agreement and (ii) terminate the Subsidiary Guarantee, dated April 27, 2023, which DERMAdoctor entered into in connection with the issuance of the Secured Convertible Notes.

On March 24, 2024, the Company and the Secured Parties entered into a First Amendment to the Security Agreement to effect the Security Agreement Amendment, and a Consent and Release to effect the 2024 Subsidiary Guarantee Termination. As consideration for the Secured Parties executing and delivering the First Amendment and the Subsidiary Guarantee Consent, which reduced the collateral available to secure the obligations under the Secured Convertible Notes, the Company provided each Secured Party the option, at the Secured Party’s election, to receive upon the closing of the DERMAdoctor Divestiture either: (i) a new Series D common stock purchase warrant (the “March 2024 Warrant”), or (ii) a new unsecured convertible note convertible into shares of common stock (the “Unsecured Convertible Notes”). Based on the Secured Parties’ elections and as a result of the closing of the DERMAdoctor Divestiture, the Company issued: (A) a March 2024 Warrant to a Secured Party that is exercisable for an aggregate of 28,572 shares of common stock and (B) Unsecured Convertible Notes to four (4) Secured Parties that have an aggregate principal amount of $525,000 or will be convertible into an aggregate of 107,146 shares of common stock.

The Company incurred total issuance costs of $130 thousand in conjunction with the 2024 Subsidiary Guarantee Termination. The Company allocated $19 thousand of the issuance costs to the Unsecured Convertible Notes which was recorded as a discount in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2024. The remaining $111 thousand was allocated to the embedded derivative liability and warrant liability and expensed as “Other expense, net” in the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations, during the six months ended June 30, 2024. For additional information regarding the March 2024 Warrant and the Unsecured Convertible Notes that we issued, see also Notes 9, “Financing Activities”; 10, “Convertible Notes”; 11, “Common Stock Warrants”; and 12, “Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity” in the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

NYSE American Notices

On April 18, 2024, the Company received a notification (“Initial Deficiency Letter”) from the NYSE American LLC Exchange (“NYSE American”) stating that the Company is not in compliance with Section 1003(a)(ii) and 1003(a)(iii) of the NYSE American Company Guide (requiring stockholders’ equity of $4.0 million or more if the Company has reported losses from continuing operations and/or net losses in three of the four most recent fiscal years and $6.0 million or more if the Company has reported losses from continuing operations and/or net losses in its five most recent fiscal years, respectively).

On May 28, 2024, the Company received a letter (“Additional Deficiency Letter”) from NYSE American stating that the Company is not in compliance with the minimum stockholders’ equity requirements of Section 1003(a)(i) of the NYSE American Company Guide. Section 1003(a)(i) of the NYSE American Company Guide requires a listed company to maintain stockholders’ equity of $2.0 million or more if the listed company has reported losses from continuing operations and/or net losses in two of its three most recent fiscal years. The Company reported stockholders’ equity of $160 thousand as of March 31, 2024 and has had losses from continuing operations and net losses in each of the last three fiscal years.

Therefore, the Company has become subject to the procedures and requirements of Section 1009 of the NYSE American Company Guide and was required to submit a plan of compliance by May 18, 2024 addressing how it intends to regain compliance with Section 1003(a)(ii) and 1003(a)(iii) of the NYSE American Company Guide by October 18, 2025. On June 4, 2024, the Company received notice from the NYSE American that it had accepted the Company’s plan of compliance and granted a plan period through October 18, 2025. During the plan period, the Company will be subject to quarterly monitoring for compliance with the plan. If the Company does not regain compliance with the NYSE American’s listing standards by October 18, 2025, or if the Company does not make progress consistent with its plan, then the NYSE American may initiate delisting procedures.

Financial Overview and Outlook

We have incurred net losses and generated negative cash flows from operations since inception and expect to incur losses in the future as we continue to commercialize our products. Our net losses were $1.6 million and $4.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. In addition, our net losses were $5.2 million and $5.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of June 30, 2024, we had an accumulated deficit of $180.0 million, total current assets of $2.3 million and total assets of $3.9 million.

We expect to grow commercial sales of Avenova branded products primarily through an expansion of domestic market penetration of our online channels as well expanded product offerings through partnerships with other eyecare product providers.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The preparation of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. In preparing these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, management has made its best estimates and judgments of certain amounts, giving due consideration to materiality. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

While our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report, we believe that the following accounting estimates are most critical to fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results as discussed in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Impairment of Goodwill, Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets and Long-Lived Assets

We review goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets and long-lived assets for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that any such asset may be impaired, that the carrying amount of any such asset may not be fully recoverable or that the useful life of the asset, if applicable, is no longer appropriate. Management uses judgement in making critical assumptions and estimates in determining when an impairment assessment should be recorded, if more frequent than annually, or in the completion of any such assessment. This includes cash flow projections that look several years into the future and assumptions on variables such as future sales and operating margin growth rates, economic conditions, probability of success, market competition, inflation and discount rates. Changes in judgments with respect to these assumptions and estimates could impact any such impairments recorded such as those recorded in the fourth quarter of 2023 as further described in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” included in our 2023 Annual Report.

Valuation of Contingent Consideration Resulting from a Business Combination

We revalue any outstanding contingent obligations to pay future consideration related to business combinations at the end of each quarter and record increases or decreases in their fair value within our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. Increases or decreases in fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities can result from updates to assumptions such as the expected timing or probability of achieving the specified milestones. Significant judgment is employed in determining these assumptions as of the acquisition date and for each subsequent period. Updates to assumptions could have a significant impact on our results of operations in any given period. See additional information in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Estimates of Future Product Returns

The Company records revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive. Accordingly, revenue is reduced for estimated future product returns. The Company’s estimates for returns are updated quarterly based on historical data of actual returns. Actual future returns experience may differ significantly from historical data and could result in significant future adjustments, including a reduction of revenue recognized.

Common Stock Warrant Liabilities

For warrants that are classified as liabilities, the Company records the fair value of the warrants upon issuance and at each balance sheet date with changes in the estimated fair value recorded as a non-cash gain or loss in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. The fair values of these warrants are determined using the Black Scholes option pricing model. These values are subject to a significant degree of management’s judgment.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands)

*Less than 1%.

Impact of DERMAdoctor Divestiture

The financial results of DERMAdoctor beginning from January 1, 2024 through the closing of the DERMAdoctor Divestiture on March 25, 2024 in the table above and as set forth in this report have been aggregated in the captions entitled “Loss on divestiture of subsidiary” and “Net loss from discontinued operations” for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 (see Note 18, “Divestiture and Discontinued Operations” in the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report). The discussions below and throughout this section apply only to results from continuing operations except as otherwise noted.

Total Net Sales and Cost of Goods Sold

Product revenue, net, decreased $1.1 million, or 32%, to $2.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, from $3.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023.

Revenue from eyecare products, including Avenova Spray, increased $0.2 million to $2.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, from $2.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The increase was due to an overall increase in Avenova branded products sold through online channels.

Revenue from the Company’s wound care products decreased to a nominal amount for the three months ended June 30, 2024, from $1.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was due primarily to an unusually large order of the NeutroPhase branded wound care product in the three months ended June 30, 2023, with no comparable order in the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Cost of goods sold decreased $1.0 million, or 55%, to $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, from $1.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. Such decrease was due primarily to the decrease in wound care products which has lower margins slightly offset by an increase in eyecare products which has higher margins sold during the three months ended June 30, 2024 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023.

Sales and marketing

Sales and marketing expenses decreased $0.2 million, or 13%, to $1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, from $1.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was due primarily to continued efficiencies in digital advertising costs and a decrease in professional services fees incurred in the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023.

General and administrative

General and administrative expenses remained consistent for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023.

Non-cash (loss) gain on change in fair value of warrant liabilities

Adjustments to the fair value of warrant liabilities resulted in a loss of $80 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and a gain of $216 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The warrant liabilities for the December 2023 Warrants and the March 2024 Warrant were reclassified to equity during the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and will no longer require fair value adjustments which will impact our results of operations. For additional information regarding warrant liabilities and their valuation, please see Note 11, “Common Stock Warrants”, in the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, in Part I, Item 1 of this quarterly report.

Non-cash (loss) gain on changes in fair value of embedded derivative liability

Adjustments to the fair value of embedded derivative liability resulted in a loss of $83 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and a gain of $40 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2023. For additional information regarding the embedded derivative liability and its valuation, please see Note 3, “Fair Value Measurements”.

Accretion of interest and amortization of discounts on convertible notes

Accretion of interest and amortization of discounts on convertible notes was $0.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023.

Other expense, net

Other expense, net decreased $363 thousand, or 84%, to $69 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2024, from $432 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to financing costs related to the Secured Convertible Notes in the three months ended June 30, 2023, slightly offset with financing costs related to the 2024 June Warrant Reprice transaction in the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands)

Impact of DERMAdoctor Divestiture

The financial results of DERMAdoctor beginning from January 1, 2024 through the closing of the DERMAdoctor Divestiture on March 25, 2024 in the table above and as set forth in this report have been aggregated in the captions entitled “Loss on divestiture of subsidiary” and “Net loss from discontinued operations” for the six months ended June 30, 2024 (see Note 18, “Divestiture and Discontinued Operations” in the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report). The discussions below and throughout this section apply only to results from continuing operations except as otherwise noted.

Total Net Sales and Cost of Goods Sold

Product revenue, net, decreased $0.8 million, or 14%, to $5.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, from $5.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Revenue from eyecare products, including Avenova Spray, increased $0.4 million to $4.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, from $4.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase was due to an overall increase in Avenova branded products sold through online channels.

Revenue from the Company’s wound care products decreased $1.3 million to $0.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, from $1.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was due primarily to an unusually large order of the NeutroPhase branded wound care product in the six months ended June 30, 2023 with no comparable order in the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Cost of goods sold decreased $0.9 million, or 35%, to $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, from $2.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Such decrease was due primarily to the decrease in wound care products which has lower margins slightly offset by an increase in eyecare products which has higher margins sold during the six months ended June 30, 2024 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Sales and marketing

Sales and marketing expenses decreased $0.3 million, or 14%, to $2.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, from $2.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease was due primarily to continued digital advertising efficiencies and a decrease in related consulting costs incurred in the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023.

General and administrative

General and administrative expenses increased $0.6 million, or 19%, to $3.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, from $3.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, was due primarily to an increase in legal costs primarily related to non-recurring strategic initiatives, including the DERMAdoctor Divestiture, ongoing during the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Loss on divestiture of subsidiary

As a result of the closing of the DERMAdoctor Divestiture on March 25, 2024, we incurred a loss of $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 with no comparable activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023. For additional information regarding the loss on divestiture of this subsidiary, please see Note 18, “Divestiture and Discontinued Operations”, in the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Non-cash gain on change in fair value of warrant liabilities

Adjustments to the fair value of warrant liabilities resulted in a gain of $114 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and $216 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The warrant liabilities for the December 2023 Warrants and the March 2024 Warrant were reclassified to equity during the six months ended June 30, 2024, and will no longer require fair value adjustments which will impact our results of operations. For additional information regarding warrant liabilities and their valuation, please see Note 11, “Common Stock Warrants”, in the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Non-cash (loss) gain on changes in fair value of embedded derivative liability

Adjustments to the fair value of embedded derivative liability resulted in a loss of $18 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and gain of $40 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2023. For additional information regarding the embedded derivative liability and its valuation, please see Note 3, “Fair Value Measurements”.

Accretion of interest and amortization of discounts on convertible notes

Accretion of interest and amortization of discounts on convertible notes was $0.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and $0.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Other expense, net

Other expense, net was $0.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Expenses were related primarily to separate and unrelated financing events recorded during the respective periods.

Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of June 30, 2024, our cash and cash equivalents were $0.8 million, compared to $2.9 million as of December 31, 2023. Our cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2024 includes $0.2 million of net proceeds from the 2024 Warrant Reprice Transaction and $1.1 million of net proceeds from the DERMAdoctor Divestiture. Our cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2023 includes $0.6 million of net proceeds from the 2023 Warrant Reprice Transaction and $2.8 million of net proceeds from the 2023 Private Placement (both as defined in the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report). Under the terms of the Secured Convertible Notes issued in the 2023 Private Placement, we are required to make a monthly redemption of the principal amount of the Secured Convertible Notes (“Monthly Redemption”) over an 18-month period, which began on June 1, 2023 in an amount equal to $193 thousand per month, unless such Monthly Redemption is eligible under the terms of the Secured Convertible Notes to instead be settled through the issuance of our common stock. We have paid the Monthly Redemption in cash to date, and as of June 30, 2024, the remaining outstanding principal amount of the Secured Convertible Note was $0.8 million. On March 25, 2024, the Company issued Unsecured Convertible Notes to four (4) Secured Parties that have an aggregate principal amount of $525,000 or will be convertible into an aggregate of 107,146 shares of common stock. The principal amount of the Unsecured Convertible Notes does not accrue interest and is payable to the Secured Parties upon maturity in March 2026, unless earlier converted into common stock. For additional information regarding the 2023 Private Placement, the Secured Convertible Notes and the Unsecured Convertible Notes, see Note 9 “Financing Activities, Note 10 “Convertible Notes,” and Note 12 “Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity” in the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Based primarily on the funds available on June 30, 2024, the Company believes that the Company’s existing cash and cash equivalents and cash flows generated from product sales will be sufficient to fund its existing operations, meet its planned operating expenses and to meet the Monthly Redemption of the Secured Convertible Notes into at least the third quarter of 2024. The Company has sustained operating losses for the majority of its corporate history and expects that its 2024 expenses will exceed its 2024 revenues, as the Company continues to invest in its commercialization efforts. Additionally, the Company expects to continue incurring operating losses and negative cash flows until revenues reach a level sufficient to support ongoing growth and operations. Accordingly, the Company has determined that its planned operations raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from the date of issuance of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Additionally, changing circumstances may cause the Company to expend cash significantly faster than currently anticipated, and the Company may need to spend more cash than currently expected because of circumstances beyond its control that impact the broader economy such as periods of inflation, supply chain issues, global pandemics and international conflicts (e.g., the conflicts between Israel and Hamas, Russia and Ukraine, and China and Taiwan).

The Company’s long-term liquidity needs will be largely determined by the success of our commercialization efforts. To address the Company’s current liquidity and capital needs, the Company has and continues to evaluate different plans and strategic transactions to fund operations, including: (1) raising additional capital through debt and equity financings or from other sources; (2) reducing spending on operations, including reducing spending on one or more of its sales and marketing programs or restructuring operations to change its overhead structure; (3) out-licensing rights to certain of its products or product candidates, pursuant to which the Company would receive cash milestones or an upfront fee; and/or (4) entering into license agreements to sell new products. The Company may issue securities, including common stock, preferred stock, convertible debt securities and warrants through additional private placement transactions or registered public offerings, which may require the filing of a Form S-1 or Form S-3 registration statement with the SEC. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful in executing additional capital-raising strategies at levels necessary to address the Company’s ongoing and future cash flow and liquidity needs. Accordingly, the Company continues to evaluate different plans and strategies to address the Company’s capital and liquidity needs, as well as evaluating several potential other strategic alternatives and transactions, including potential additional divestiture transactions or strategic acquisition transactions. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue to operate as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities in the normal course of business. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts of liabilities that may result from uncertainty related to its ability to continue as a going concern.

Cash Used in Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations was $2.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, which consisted primarily of a net loss from continuing operations of $4.7 million, adjusted by depreciation and amortization expenses of $23 thousand, stock-based compensation expenses related to employee and director stock awards of $115 thousand, non-cash loss on divestiture of $0.9 million, non-cash expense for consent of Secured Note holders of $0.4 million, non-cash loss on modifications of warrants of $69 thousand, non-cash gain on changes in fair value of warrant liabilities of $114 thousand, non-cash loss on changes in fair value of embedded derivative liability of $18 thousand, non-cash right-of-use amortization of $168 thousand, accretion of interest and amortization of debt discounts on convertibles notes of $0.7 million, and a net increase of $0.3 million in our net operating assets and liabilities of continuing operations.

Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations was $2.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, which consisted primarily of a net loss from continuing operations of $3.8 million, adjusted by depreciation and amortization expenses of $26 thousand, stock-based compensation expenses of $139 thousand, non-cash loss on modifications of warrants of $285 thousand, non-cash gain on changes in fair value of warrant liabilities of $216 thousand, non-cash gain on changes in fair value of embedded derivative liability of $40 thousand, non-cash right-of-use amortization of $140 thousand, accretion of interest and amortization of debt discounts on convertibles notes of $0.5 million, and a net decrease of $0.6 million in our net operating assets and liabilities of continuing operations.

Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities

Net cash provided by investing activities from continuing operations was $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, which included the DERMAdoctor Divestiture proceeds of $1.1 million and purchase of property and equipment in a nominal amount. Net cash used in investing activities for the purchase of property and equipment was $15 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations was $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, which included repayment of $1.2 million for the Monthly Redemption through June 30, 2024 on the Secured Convertible Notes and the net proceeds of $0.2 million from the 2024 Warrant Repice transaction.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $2.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, which included the net proceeds of $2.8 million received in the 2023 Private Placement of the Convertible Notes and the May 2023 Warrants and repayment of $0.2 million for the Monthly Redemption through June 30, 2023 on the Secured Convertible Notes.

Net Operating Losses and Tax Credit Carryforwards

As of December 31, 2023, we had net operating loss carryforwards for federal and state income tax purposes of $139.3 million and $117.4 million, respectively. The federal net operating loss carryforwards consist of $94.9 million generated before January 1, 2018, which will begin to expire in 2024 and $44.4 million that will carry forward indefinitely but are subject to an 80% limitation for years following December 31, 2021. The state net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire in 2028. As of December 31, 2023, we also had tax credit carryforwards of $0.5 million for federal income tax purposes and $0.1 million for state tax purposes. If not utilized, the federal tax credits will begin expiring in 2031. The state tax credits have an indefinite carryover period.

Current federal and California tax laws include substantial restrictions on the utilization of net operating loss carryforwards in the event of an ownership change of a corporation. Accordingly, our ability to utilize net operating loss carryforwards may be limited as a result of such ownership changes. Such a limitation could result in the expiration of carryforwards before they are utilized.

Inflation

Our costs are subject to fluctuations, particularly due to changes in the price of raw and packing materials and the cost of labor, transportation and operating supplies. Therefore, our business results depend, in part, on our continued ability to manage these fluctuations through pricing actions, cost-saving projects and sourcing decisions, while maintaining and improving margins and market share. Failure to manage these fluctuations could adversely impact our results of operations or cash flows.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements at June 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023 as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K.

Seasonality

Avenova Branded Products

Consistent with our peers in the United States pharmaceutical industry, prescriptions for Avenova Spray experience seasonality with the first quarter of each year typically being the lowest revenue quarter. This annual phenomenon is due to consumers facing the need to satisfy health insurance deductibles and changes to copays as each new insurance year begins. Sales of Avenova Spray through non-prescription channels, along with the other Avenova branded products, experience less seasonality with demands, with more consistent sales throughout the year.

NeutroPhase and PhaseOne Branded Wound Care Products

Our NeutroPhase and PhaseOne branded products are sold through wholesale distribution relationships with third parties such as Chongqing Pioneer Pharma Holdings Limited and Phase One Health; therefore, we receive periodic large orders that result in large chunks of revenue that are received in irregular intervals during the year.

Contractual Obligations

In the normal course of business, we enter into contracts and commitments that obligate us to make payments in the future. Information regarding our obligations under lease and convertible note arrangements are provided in Note 8 “Commitments and Contingencies,” and Note 10 “Convertible Notes” in the Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Our market risk consists principally of interest rate risk on our cash and cash equivalents. Our exposure to market risk is limited primarily to interest income sensitivity, which is affected by changes in interest rates, particularly because our current liquid assets at June 30, 2024 were held in cash and cash equivalents.

Our investment policy restricts our investments to high-quality investments and limits the amounts invested with any one issuer, industry, or geographic area. The goals of our investment policy are as follows: preservation of capital, assurance of liquidity needs, best available return on invested capital, and minimization of capital taxation. Some of the securities in which we invest may be subject to market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the principal amount of the investment to fluctuate. For example, if we hold a security that was issued with an interest rate fixed at the then-prevailing rate and the prevailing interest rate later rises, the principal amount of our investment will probably decline. To minimize this risk, in accordance with our investment policy, we maintain our cash and cash equivalents in short-term marketable securities, including money market mutual funds, Treasury bills, Treasury notes, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and corporate and municipal bonds. The risk associated with fluctuating interest rates is limited to our investment portfolio. Due to the short-term nature of our investment portfolio, we believe we have minimal interest rate risk arising from our investments. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, a 10% change in interest rates would have had an immaterial effect on the value of our investment portfolio. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio. We do not hold any instruments for trading purposes.

With most of our focus on the domestic U.S. market, we have not had any material exposure to foreign currency rate fluctuations.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”).

A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Assessing the costs and benefits of such controls and procedures necessarily involves the exercise of judgment by management. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected.

Based upon that evaluation at June 30, 2024, our Chief Executive Officer and our Interim Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure, at the reasonable assurance level, that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act was accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the current quarter which has materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

For information regarding factors that could affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, see the risk factors discussed under Part I, Item 1A included in our 2023 Annual Report and under Part II, Item 1A included in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, which was filed with the SEC on May 9, 2024. We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and, as such, are not required to provide updated quarterly information under this Item.