Edible Garden AG Inc: Form 10-K for the period ended Dec 31, 2025

Overview

Edible Garden is a controlled environment agriculture ("CEA") farming company. We use traditional agricultural growing techniques together with technology to grow fresh, organic food sustainably and safely while improving traceability. We operate glass, hydroponic, and vertical greenhouse structures that enable us to grow organic herbs consistently year-round while using less land, less energy, and less water than conventional agriculture. In our hydroponic greenhouse, we grow plants without soil. Instead of planting one row of plants in the ground, by using a vertical growing system, we can grow many towers of plants in the same area by planting up instead of planting across. Growing these products sustainably means that we avoid depleting natural resources in order to maintain an ecological balance, such as by renewing, reusing and recycling materials in order to lower the overall one-time use of materials. Our facilities utilize "closed loop" irrigation systems that recollect and reuse drain water—including water recycled through reverse osmosis—reducing overall water consumption and helping conserve natural resources. Our advanced systems are also designed to help mitigate contamination from harmful pathogens, including salmonella, e-coli and others.

Our operations are supported by GreenThumb®, our proprietary patented greenhouse management and demand-planning software (U.S. Patent Nos. 11,158,006 B1; 11,410,249 B2; and 11,830,088 B2). GreenThumb tracks plants through all stages of production and distribution, supporting quality control, traceability, fill-rate management, and logistics optimization, including maximizing truckload efficiency to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We believe GreenThumb is a meaningful competitive differentiator and an important component of our Zero-Waste Inspired® model.

As of December 31, 2025, we offer more than 140 stock keeping units ("SKUs") spanning two principal product segments: (i) fresh produce, including cut herbs, hydroponic basil, potted herbs, and wheatgrass; and (ii) shelf-stable and refrigerated consumer packaged goods, including sports nutrition and nutraceuticals (Kick.™ and Vitamin Whey®/Vitamin Way®), fermented gourmet sauces and chili-based products (Pulp®), and functional fermented pickles and sauerkraut (Pickle Party™). We also supply products under private label arrangements to major retail customers. We have leveraged our brand recognition to offer co-manufactured consumer-packaged goods across protein, fermented foods, and flavoring categories in addition to our core fresh produce business. Our tagline "Simply Local, Simply Fresh" reflects our strategy of growing products in regional communities close to the retail locations where they are sold, extending shelf life and supporting local brand awareness.

Our products are available in over 5,000 retail locations across the United States, the Caribbean, and South America. We operate vertically integrated greenhouses and processing facilities at Edible Garden Heartland in Grand Rapids, Michigan; Edible Garden Prairie Hills in Webster City, Iowa; and our headquarters at Edible Garden Belvidere in Belvidere, New Jersey. We also partner with a network of contract growers strategically located near major U.S. population centers.

4

Table of Contents

We hold food safety certifications from Primus GFS (a Global Food Safety Initiative ("GFSI")-accredited program), USDA Organic certification for applicable products, and non-GMO verification from the non-GMO Project for select SKUs. We are licensed under the Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act ("PACA") and voluntarily comply with Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point ("HACCP") principles established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

We have a history of operating losses since inception and expect to incur additional near-term losses. Our auditors have issued an opinion expressing substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. See "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis — Liquidity and Capital Resources" for additional discussion of these matters.

Since our initial public offering, our primary business strategy has been focused on the production and sale of fresh, locally grown, USDA Organic produce through a vertically integrated CEA model. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, and continuing into early 2026, we began executing a material expansion and evolution of that strategy.

Specifically, we are transitioning our Edible Garden Prairie Hills facility in Webster City, Iowa into a dedicated ready-to-drink ("RTD") and clean nutrition manufacturing hub. This initiative represents a significant broadening of our business from primarily fresh, perishable produce into what we expect will be higher-margin, shelf-stable beverage and nutrition categories. We have characterized this evolution as the development of a vertically integrated domestic clean-label nutrition platform that combines our existing controlled-environment agriculture capabilities with scalable aseptic processing capacity and differentiated branded products across sports nutrition, adult and children's performance nutrition, and GLP-1 supportive categories.

This strategic shift, which we refer to as our "Farm-to-Formula®" strategy, connects our CEA-sourced ingredients with advanced research and development and precision formulation capabilities to deliver finished functional RTD beverages at commercial scale. This represents a material change from our previously disclosed strategy of focusing principally on fresh produce, and investors should consider the risks and opportunities associated with this expansion when evaluating our business.

On March 4, 2026, we entered into two Interim Order Agreements (the "IOAs") with Tetra Pak Inc. ("Tetra Pak"), a global leader in food processing and packaging solutions, to commence engineering services and preliminary procurement activities for the Webster City, Iowa production project (the "Project"). The IOAs cover both processing equipment and aseptic packaging systems and are intended as the initial step toward a definitive final supply agreement governing the full scope of equipment installation and integration.

The planned facility will utilize Tetra Pak's Tetra Prisma® Aseptic 330 Edge package—a format made primarily from renewable, plant-based materials that is designed to be recyclable—together with the Tetra Pak® A3/Speed filling platform. These systems are expected to extend product shelf life without refrigeration or preservatives prior to opening, support ambient distribution, maintain clean-label standards, and reduce overall supply chain costs and food waste.

Phase 1 production at the Webster City facility is anticipated to begin in 2027, subject to the execution of a final supply agreement with Tetra Pak, completion of engineering and installation, regulatory approvals, and adequate capital availability. There is no assurance that a final agreement will be executed, that the facility will be completed on the anticipated timeline, or that Phase 1 production will commence as planned. This initiative is in the early development stage, and investors should not place undue reliance on timing or scale projections, or our ability to complete the Project.

The Midwest facility encompasses more than 200,000 square feet of food-grade manufacturing space with warehousing and logistics infrastructure, and upon completion of the RTD buildout is expected to support aseptic and ultra-filtered beverage production across protein, plant-based, dairy, and functional categories. The Company intends for the facility to serve as a scalable innovation platform supporting product development and revenue diversification beyond fresh perishables.

5

Table of Contents

Acquisitions

Our strategy for growth includes acquisitions. Our acquisition strategy includes expanding our greenhouse capacity in order to reduce our dependence on contract growers which we believe will benefit our earnings power. Greenhouse expansion also supports our effort to grow local which reduces transportation costs. We also expect to make acquisitions that expand our consumer product offerings that leverage our channels to market.

On August 30, 2022, through our wholly owned subsidiary, 2900 Madison Ave Holdings, LLC (the “Michigan Subsidiary”), we acquired a five-acre greenhouse facility in Grand Rapids, Michigan for $2.9 million. The greenhouse facility is operating as Edible Garden Heartland. During the year ended December 31, 2023, Edible Garden Heartland fully transitioned to growing our products, adding approximately five acres of directly controlled growing capacity to our operations. Additionally, in September 2023 we began shipping fall ornamental products grown in our Edible Garden Heartland facility. In 2024, we transitioned the Heartland facility to focus primarily on our herb business, exiting lower margin lettuce and floral product lines. As a result, we experienced a positive contribution to our gross margin. We believe Edible Garden Heartland will continue to contribute to higher gross margin over time. We expect lower cost of sales by growing, picking and shipping our products instead of working with a contract grower to grow those products. In addition to serving customers in the Midwest, the facility houses a research and development center focused on improving existing products, developing new products, innovations in plant-based protein and nutraceuticals, and applying advanced agricultural technologies.

In November 2022, we acquired the assets of Pulp, including its line of sustainable gourmet sauces and chili-based products. Pulp’s product lines are certified organic, all-natural, Non-GMO and preservative free. The products include Hungarian wax hot sauce, poblano serrano jalapeno hot sauce, Fresno chili hot sauce, Habanero carrot hot sauce, salsa macha, chili crisp, and chili oil. In addition to selling these products through traditional retail channels, we sell some of these products directly to consumers in the United States through an e-commerce platform.

On May 14, 2025, Edible Garden Sustainable Ventures LLC, our wholly owned subsidiary, entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “APA”) with us, NaturalShrimp Farms Inc. (“NaturalShrimp”) and Streeterville Capital, LLC (“Streeterville”) and completed the purchase of certain sustainable aquaculture assets (the “Assets”) located in Fort Dodge, Iowa. The total purchase price of the Assets was $12.0 million. As consideration for the purchase, the Company issued 12,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Series B Preferred Stock”), at a stated value of $1,000 per share, to Streeterville as the sole shareholder of NaturalShrimp. The Assets primarily include certain: (i) machinery, vehicles, appliances, tools, equipment, computer hardware and owned software, furniture, leasehold improvements, and other tangible personal property, and replacement items therefor; (ii) supplier lists and usable supplies and inventory on hand; and (iii) intellectual and intangible property and confidential business information, including two innovative patents for environmentally friendly water treatment technologies, along with a fully operational shrimp farming facility located in Webster City, Iowa (the “Iowa Facility”). We intend to integrate the patented water treatment technology across our existing CEA operations, opening new possibilities for improving agricultural efficiency and sustainability along with enhancing our capabilities to meet or exceed statutory wastewater treatment requirements where we operate. We believe that this development aligns with our Zero-Waste Inspired® mission and enhances our vertically integrated model.

6

Table of Contents

Products

We currently offer more than 140 stock keeping units (“SKUs”) and expect to further cross sell products across our supermarket partners to meet their demand. These products include:

• 40 types of individually potted, live herbs;
• 72 types of cut single-herb clamshells;
• 2 wheatgrass;
• 3 hydro basil;
• 12 vitamin and protein powder products sold under the Vitamin Whey and Kick.Sports Nutrition lines;
• 4 fermented hot sauces under our Pulp line;
• 3 chili oil products under our Pulp line; and
• 6 pickle products under our Pickle Party line.

The packaging we use for our produce leverages technology to reduce plastics, extend the shelf life of our products, and reduce retail shrink - all leading to a reduced carbon footprint by reducing waste. The packaging we use for our produce features bio-based (sugar cane) sleeves. Using this material, we are able to reduce our use of plastic in our business. Generally, retail shrink is a loss of inventory. For our supermarket customers, one source of this shrinkage is spoiled products, such as herbs that have been in packaging for so long that they become poor quality. We use herb bags that have micro-perforations that allow ethylene gas to escape from the product packaging. Ethylene gas accelerates spoilage of herbs and by allowing this gas to escape, we are able to extend the shelf life of the product while reducing the likelihood that our customers will experience retail shrink because they have to throw our products in the garbage. Using this technology, cilantro, for example, remains in good quality after 11 days, while it would be in poor quality after seven days in other packaging, according to the developer of this bag material. The CO2 laser perforation creates well-defined holes which allow for a controllable and consistent environment in the bag, while other typical bagged herbs are perforated with a cold needle, which produce inconsistent holes and, therefore, an uncontrollable atmosphere. Less product spoilage means less waste, and less shrinkage means that we will not have to produce as many herbs to achieve the same level of retail sales. Altogether, we should be able to produce less carbon and minimize the size of our carbon footprint by using these packaging innovations.

We have expanded our product line to include nutraceuticals and other food products as well as vitamins, plant and whey proteins, and other products utilizing next-generation plant ingredients grown and sourced using sustainable methods. Our protein powder is sold under the Vitamin Whey brand and is available in chocolate, vanilla, strawberry, and cookies n’ crème flavors, while our Vitamin Way collagen powder is available in chocolate and vanilla. Our Vitamin Way Shake product is organic & vegan plant-based, dairy-free and contains 20g of non-GMO, gluten-free, organic pea, brown rice & pumpkin proteins.

Customers

Our products are currently sold at over 5,000 supermarket stores and food distributors across the Northeast, Midwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the country. Some of the supermarkets that sell our products include Walmart, Meijer, Wakefern, Ahold/Delhaize, Kroger, H-Mart, and King Kullen. We also serve a large number of food distributors. This market segment allows us greater penetration with smaller local and regional supermarkets and the food services business.

7

Table of Contents

In February 2024, we entered into agreements with Meijer to supply and sell products to Meijer until December 2026 (the “Supply Agreements”). Under the Supply Agreements, we will sell (i) fresh cut herbs, including basil, bay leaves, chives, cilantro, dill, mint, oregano, rosemary, sage, thyme; (ii) hydroponic basil; and (iii) potted herbs, including basil, chives, cilantro, mint, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage, thyme, wheatgrass; in quantities and delivery schedule requested by Meijer at prices per unit set in advance. Under the Supply Agreements, we and Meijer will renegotiate the prices for each unit annually, provided that the price per unit will not increase or decrease at a rate greater than the change in the relevant Consumer Price Index in that year. Once set, the pricing terms will remain fixed for the remainder of the year. Any price increase will take effect after sixty days and any price decrease will be effective immediately. If we and Meijer are unable to mutually agree on price increases, we will have the power to terminate the Supply Agreements immediately. Under the Supply Agreements, we agreed to fund the installation of fixtures in each of Meijer’s stores to display potted herbs in an aggregate amount estimated to be approximately $800 thousand. These payments will be made as a weekly deduction from our receivables from Meijer. The Supply Agreements will expire on December 31, 2026. The Supply Agreements may be renewed for an additional two-year term upon the mutual agreement but may be terminated by Meijer without cause upon sixty days’ prior notice.

Other than the Supply Agreements, we sell products to our customers on a purchase order basis, with no spending or purchase commitments, in the ordinary course of business. We and our customers enter into purchase orders on a daily basis. Other than purchase orders relating to the Supply Agreements, no purchase order has exceeded 2.1% of our revenue for the particular quarter in which the products were delivered to the customer.

Since inception, a few of our customers constitute a majority of our total revenue. For example, during the year ended December 31, 2025, we earned approximately 88.2% of our revenue from four customers (42.7% of which was attributed to sales made to one customer), and at December 31, 2025 approximately 73.7% of our gross outstanding trade receivables were attributed to five customers (38.0% of which was due from one customer). While we value our strong relationship with these major customers, we face the risk of losing a significant source of revenue if our major customers do not continue to purchase our products. If that were to occur and we were unable to replace the revenue by selling our products to additional customers, our ability to earn revenue would be significantly negatively impacted. Part of our growth strategy is to reduce this customer concentration by expanding our production capacity, which would allow us to sell our products to more supermarket partners.

Production and Properties

Our Edible Garden Prairie Hills facility in Webster City, Iowa encompasses more than 200,000 square feet of food-grade manufacturing space and is being transformed into a dedicated RTD beverage and clean nutrition manufacturing hub to support aseptic and ultra-filtered beverage production across protein, plant-based, dairy, and functional beverage categories. On March 4, 2026, we entered into two IOAs with Tetra Pak to initiate preliminary engineering, design, and equipment procurement activities for the Project. The first IOA (the "Processing IOA") covers processing equipment engineering and procurement, with payments totaling $3.2 million due in two equal installments creditable against a subsequent final supply agreement (the "Final Agreement"), and terminates automatically on or about April 30, 2026 if no Final Agreement has been executed. The second IOA (the "Packaging IOA") covers detailed design and reservation of long-lead packaging equipment with a non-refundable upfront payment equal to 20% of the anticipated total packaging equipment price, also creditable against a Final Agreement, and terminating automatically on May 19, 2026 if no Final Agreement has been executed.

No equipment will be delivered unless and until the parties execute a Final Agreement, and there is no assurance that a Final Agreement will be reached prior to the applicable IOA termination dates or at all. If no Final Agreement is executed, the Company may forfeit amounts paid under the non-refundable Packaging IOA and may owe Tetra Pak for costs incurred under the Processing IOA. The total capital requirements for the Project will be determined in the Final Agreement and are not yet committed. Phase 1 production is currently anticipated to begin in 2027, subject to Final Agreement execution, facility build-out completion, regulatory approvals, and availability of adequate capital.

8

Table of Contents

We utilize prime greenhouse locations in the Northeast, Midwest and Mid-Atlantic regions of the country, allowing us to provide local fresh and organic products to these local communities. Our locally grown and delivered products using a network of sustainable greenhouse farms provide local communities, retailers and consumers with the quality they demand with the food safety they expect. The communities, retailers and consumers benefit from this as this allows us to get our products to market in the shortest time without compromising the plant’s quality and nutritional value. The growing locations are chosen to be near key trucking lanes within hours of major cities to cut down on “food miles” and fuel costs. We believe our strategy enhances our products’ appeal to major consumer constituencies that desire products grown and delivered locally.

Potential Growing Capacity

Consistent year round growing that adheres to our stringent sustainability protocols occurs in greenhouse locations in California, New Jersey, and Michigan. The combination of: (1) our 5-acre, 200,000 square ft., flagship greenhouse location in Belvidere, NJ (“Flagship Facility”); (2) our 5-acre, 200,000 square ft., Heartland Facility in Grand Rapids, Michigan (“Edible Garden Heartland”); and (3) over 480,000 square feet of available growing capacity in contracted greenhouse space from contract growers, enables us to use standardized methods and a suite of proprietary technology innovations to operate these hydroponic greenhouses and deliver consistent, fresh produce. Although we have access to this growing capacity at our contracted greenhouses, we do not use all of this capacity at any one time. We work with the contract growers to have products grown in locations that are near our customers, and because of changes in customer demand or the ability of the contract grower to meet the terms of our purchase orders, the locations where our products are grown change over time. We believe we have sufficient potential growing capacity with contract growers, at Edible Garden Heartland and at our Flagship Facility to supply products to our existing customers.

Since January 1, 2025, we have grown or purchased products grown in the following locations and with the following potential growing capacity:

Order Process

If necessary, we rely on long-term relationships with contract growers to grow our herbs and produce but have no formal long-term contracts with these growers. We classify our relationships with growers as “long term” because of the length of the personal working relationship between members of our management team and the growers. In some cases, these relationships began more than five years ago. While the personal relationships are long term, we typically do not have formal written contracts with these growers. Instead, we and the growers use purchase orders to transact business. Our growing relationships require our produce to be grown in strict accordance with our proprietary growing process and to our specifications but otherwise leaves control over the growing process to the contract growers.

We use our GreenThumb software to analyze year-over-year and trending sales data to develop customer-specific and aggregate product-specific forecasts. Each week, we provide our contract growers with an estimated forecast that the grower can use to determine the quantity of herbs or produce it will sow. We use the same forecasts to determine what products to grow in the facility in Belvidere, New Jersey and the Heartland Facility. The quantity of products sown will later be used to fill a purchase order. The forecast precedes any purchase order from us or the customer because the products take time to grow, and customers in the industry adjust their orders frequently to attempt to meet demand without excess perishable inventory.

9

Table of Contents

We typically receive purchase orders from our customers one to two weeks prior to harvesting the products. If we are using a contract grower, we then submit a purchase order to the grower to fulfill the order and choose the grower based on the proximity of the contract grower to the specific customer and the grower’s ability to fulfill the order. The contract grower is not obligated to accept any orders, or any certain minimum order, that we submit to the grower. The contract grower bears the inventory risk and risk of loss during the growing process. We take title of the produce after inspection has been made in accordance with the specifications agreed to by both parties. However, the contract grower is responsible for any customer rejections of products upon final delivery, and we do not pay the contract grower for products that are rejected by our customers. We pay the contract growers based on the number of products grown and accepted by the customer, and we are not otherwise financially obligated to the contract grower. Although it is not our practice to do so, we can terminate the purchase orders we submit to contract growers at any time and for any reason.

If the contract grower has not grown enough of a specific product to fulfill a purchase order, we attempt to supplement the order with products from other growers, Edible Garden Heartland or the Flagship Facility to meet the customer’s order. We only pay the contract grower for the number of products we purchase from them. If we are unable to meet the customer’s order, the customer typically finds another source of the product, which may harm our reputation with the customer but does not result in us incurring costs for the order.

If the contract grower has grown more of a specific product than is needed to fulfill a purchase order, we attempt to supplement other purchase orders that may need more of that product. Ultimately, if the contract grower sows too much of one crop than is needed to fill the purchase order, the contract grower must absorb those costs.

Flagship Facility in Belvidere, New Jersey

In addition to our contract growers, we operate a 5-acre Flagship Facility in Belvidere, New Jersey, which began commercial operations in 2015. Our facility incorporates a hydroponic gutter system developed in Holland for the exclusive production of herbs. The Flagship Facility also includes a cold storage freezer which allows us to package herbs for our distribution partners and a 20,000 sq. ft packhouse, which is under construction. Because we control the growing and shipping processes at this facility, we bear inventory risk, risk of loss, and other risks for the produce grown at this facility.

Construction began on the packhouse at the New Jersey facility prior to our inception. Our predecessor company paid to build a foundation and construct the prefabricated building for the packhouse. Although the packhouse building is standing and the exterior is complete, it requires utilities and other improvements before we can use the building for our business. We anticipate investing $1.1 million in capital expenditures to add utilities such as HVAC and electrical service, and a septic system to complete the packhouse. To date, we have paid $410 thousand towards the construction of the packhouse. Whitetown Realty, LLC (the “Landlord”), is aware of the construction of the packhouse. We do not anticipate construction on the packhouse will impact our ability to operate the property. We anticipate completion of the current construction of the packhouse to be completed by the fall of 2026.

We source the raw materials for production from multiple suppliers, including Ball Horticulture, Fidelity Paper & Supply, Coastal Container, Gristmill, Griffin Supplies, East Jordan Plastics, Caney Forks Farm, Jacobs Del Cabo and Sun Gro Horticulture, and expect that those supplies will continue to be available for our use.

Heartland Facility in Grand Rapids, Michigan

On August 30, 2022, through the Michigan Subsidiary, we acquired a five-acre greenhouse facility in Grand Rapids, Michigan, which operates as Edible Garden Heartland. During the year ended December 31, 2023, Edible Garden Heartland transitioned to growing our herb products, adding five acres of directly controlled growing capacity to our operations. In 2025, we maintained the facility at 60% of growing capacity In addition to serving customers in the Midwest, the facility will house a research and development center focused on improving existing products, developing new products, innovations in plant-based protein and nutraceuticals, and applying advanced agricultural technologies.

10

Table of Contents

Distribution

Edible Garden utilizes advanced, sustainable, environmentally controlled indoor agriculture to grow and process organic herbs. Through our extensive distribution platform and proprietary predictive modeling, we pick, pack and ship to big box retailer’s distribution centers in our network. We distribute our products through more than 50 retail partners including national big box retailers, regional grocery stores, distributors, restaurants and local purveyors.

Our growing and distribution plans are designed to get our locally grown products to our retail partners and consumers as soon as possible after harvest. We want to make sure that our products arrive as fresh, undegraded and nutrient rich as when they were harvested. In order for us to meet this objective we strive to deliver our products to market in no less than 24 hours from when they are picked. We currently rely on our own fleet delivery vehicles, as well as other independent shipping operators. We continue to assess our footprint and optimize our logistics and shipping fleet. We plan on shifting our mix of vehicles towards more energy efficient vehicles and further reducing our reliance on our fleet by increasing backhauls. In addition, we are working with key customers to minimize our exposure to shipping costs by leveraging backhaul opportunities. Our greenhouse farms have to be strategically located in order for us to deliver on this objective.

Our non-perishable consumer product portfolio, which includes shelf-stable items such as vitamins, protein powders, sports nutrition products, fermented sauces, and other value-added offerings, is distributed through a complementary model that leverages third-party co-manufacturers. Under this model, finished goods are manufactured to the Company's specifications and shipped directly from co-manufacturer facilities to our retail partners' distribution centers and, where applicable, fulfilled directly to end consumers through e-commerce channels. This drop-ship fulfillment structure allows us to service our existing retail network with a broader assortment of higher-margin, shelf-stable products without requiring incremental investment in cold-chain logistics infrastructure. We believe this approach enhances the productivity of our existing customer relationships by enabling us to capture a greater share of shelf space and consumer wallet across product categories beyond fresh produce.

In addition to our fresh herb portfolio, we distribute a growing range of shelf-stable and refrigerated consumer packaged goods brands through both retail and e-commerce channels. Our Pulp® fermented gourmet sauces, Pickle Party™ fresh fermented pickles and krauts, and Squeezables™ shelf-stable herb paste products are distributed through grocery retail partners. Our Kick.™ Sports Nutrition and Vitamin Way®/Vitamin Whey® nutraceutical and protein products are available through retailers, e-commerce platforms and internationally through PriceSmart warehouse clubs. Unlike our perishable herb products, these shelf-stable and ambient-distributed products are fulfilled through third-party co-manufacturers and logistics partners rather than our own fleet.

We hold our transportation-related assets and manage the distribution of our products through our wholly-owned subsidiary, EG Transportation, LLC. This entity owns and leases the delivery vehicles we use to distribute products and holds the liability insurance needed for the transportation aspects of our business. As of December 31, 2025, we have 13 delivery vehicles and less than 10 drivers.

Competition

The U.S. fruits and vegetable markets are highly competitive. Our main competitors are Gotham Greens, Bright Farms, 80 Acres Farms Gehl Food & Beverage, Niagara Bottling and Post Consumer Brands. Many of these companies may have significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and distribution resources, as well as greater experience in the industry than we have. Our services may not be competitive with their services. In addition, our current and potential competitors may establish cooperative relationships with larger companies, to gain access to greater development or marketing resources. Competition may result in price reductions, reduced gross margins and loss of market share. However, we believe the following elements will give us a competitive advantage in the rapidly growing CEA category:

Customer Relationships and Brand. Our herb product portfolio is sold through our supermarket partners including Walmart, Target, Meijer, Hannaford, Ahold/Delhaize, Kroger, PriceSmart, Wakefern Food Corporation/ShopRite, King Kullen, D’Agostino’s, H-Mart and food distributors. These key partners make up the majority of our revenue. We believe that we will continue to capture more opportunities with these partners as we expand our business and product offering. We also utilize an efficient marketing mix of social media, in-store signage and premium shelf positioning to drive consumer awareness and reinforce purchases. In addition, we utilize our patented Self-Watering Displays to drive awareness and deliver superior products to our customers consistent with our Zero-Waste Inspired® mission.

11

Table of Contents

Value Proposition. We are part of repositioning the way food is grown, packaged and distributed. We believe this is the next generation of farming that is good for people and our planet. We believe scaling our grow operations in a fully controlled environment will result in a higher optimization on yields together with freshness, taste and texture. In addition, our proposition focuses on an intelligent, common-sense approach to growing more with less resources. Our Zero Waste Inspired approach is in everything we do - from innovative recyclable packaging across our product portfolio and enterprise, using less water, electricity and land, integrated pest management and less road miles. Simply Local Simply Fresh delivers all of this together with our local farming partners with an accessible, traceable, organic product at a competitive price.

Technology Platform. Technology and data are competitive differentiators for Edible Garden. Rather than relying on “off-the-shelf” systems, we have created a data-driven technology platform to power traceability and integration across plant production, operations, data analytics and demand planning. Our proprietary platform allows us to consistently monitor and control plant production inputs across our Flagship Facility as well as integrate with all of our contract growers. This allows us to scale throughput with disruption and capture data analytics for better yield and predictability.

Industry Overview

Traditional Outdoor Agriculture. The traditional agriculture industry in the United States consists primarily of field crop farms. According to the USDA, the United States had more than 300 million planted acres of farmland in 2025. Over the last few decades, the acreage has shifted and consolidated to larger and larger farms. Today, large-scale family farms make up just 3 percent of farms in the United States and 42 percent of overall production. Production of produce is also regionalized.

This large farm concentration leads to long, complex distribution chains, with some produce traveling thousands of miles over several days before reaching store shelves. With the environmental and social macrotrends mentioned herein, we believe traditional field farming is also less prepared to support a growing world population, due to its reliance on large amounts of land and water, both of which are becoming scarcer and less available for food production. We also believe consumer trends continue to want to know where their food comes from together with traceability and food safety (food pathogens - listeria and salmonella) are becoming more important to all business partners and consumers.

Traditional Greenhouse Operators and Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA). CEA has gained market share in recent decades as an alternative source of food production. This consists of both greenhouse operating companies and more high-tech greenhouses selling to retailers and grocery stores throughout the country. Despite growth in select crops, greenhouses have not been able to take meaningful market share from traditional field farms in the United States until now. This is a function of shifting consumer trends together with the realization that the planet has finite natural resources. Overall consumer behavior is shifting away from commoditized produce as they associate consumer branded produce as sustainable, safe, and organic all year long that is good for them and the social fabric of our planet. That’s why we believe as a market innovator we can continue to capture market share and brand awareness.

Growth Strategy

Our growth strategy focuses on expanding our vertically integrated clean-label food and nutrition platform by leveraging controlled-environment agriculture, product innovation, and scalable manufacturing capabilities. We are expanding beyond fresh produce into higher-margin value-added categories, including functional foods, dietary supplements, and RTD beverages, which may provide opportunities for improved margins, longer shelf life, and broader distribution channels. In 2026, we announced plans to develop a ready-to-drink beverage manufacturing platform at our Midwest facility in Iowa. The facility includes more than 200,000 square feet of food-grade manufacturing and warehousing infrastructure and is intended to support aseptic beverage processing and packaging across protein, plant-based, dairy, and functional beverage categories. Phase-one production is currently expected to begin in 2027; however, the timing and scale of production will depend on several factors, including equipment installation, regulatory approvals, supply chain conditions, and capital availability.

12

Table of Contents

Our strategy is supported by our Farm-to-Formula® platform, which integrates controlled-environment agriculture, ingredient traceability, formulation, and product manufacturing to develop differentiated clean-label products while improving supply chain efficiency and transparency. We also continue to implement our Zero-Waste Inspired® operating framework, which focuses on resource efficiency, waste reduction, and supply chain optimization. In addition, we intend to expand distribution through national and regional grocery retailers, pursue strategic partnerships and potential co-manufacturing relationships supported by our planned RTD manufacturing capabilities, and continue investing in research and product development to support innovation in clean-label food and functional nutrition products. The success and timing of these initiatives will depend on a variety of factors, including market conditions, consumer acceptance, competitive dynamics, and our ability to successfully develop and scale our manufacturing capabilities.

Intellectual Property

We rely on a combination of trademark laws, trade secrets, confidentiality provisions, and other contractual provisions to protect our proprietary rights, which are primarily our inventions, brand names, marks, and proprietary pods and seeds. Edible Garden’s proprietary GreenThumb 2.0 software—protected by U.S. Patents US 11,158,006 B1, US 11,410,249 B2, and US 11,830,088 B2—optimizes vertical and traditional greenhouse growing conditions while aiming to reduce food miles. Its patented Self-Watering display (U.S. Patent No. D1,010,365) is designed to extend plant shelf life and elevate in-store presentation. In addition to its core CEA operations, Edible Garden owns three patents in advanced aquaculture technologies: a closed-loop shrimp farming system (US 6,615,767 B1), a modular recirculating aquaculture setup with automated water treatment and feeding (US 10,163,199 B2), and a sensor-driven ammonia control method utilizing electrolytic chlorine generation (US 11,297,809 B1). The issued patents are expected to remain in force until November 2040, provided that all required maintenance fees are paid.

Research and Product Development

Edible Garden recognizes the consumer acceptance and growth opportunities associated with plant-based derivatives of the products/plants it currently grows. As a leader in sustainability, research and development is a key focus for us moving forward. We sell plant-based nutraceuticals under the Vitamin Way and Kick. Sports Nutrition brands. These products are produced by a co-manufacturer according to our specifications. We expect to grow our nutraceuticals product suite with additional products by working with Nutracom, an established developer and contract manufacturer of nutritional products, on new formulations. We believe that expanding into multiple product lines and diversifying from fresh produce to shelf-stable products will increase revenue opportunities.

In addition, we are conducting research and development activities in support of our RTD beverage platform at our Midwest facility. RTD product development efforts are focused on clean-label, shelf-stable formulations across protein, functional beverage, and GLP-1 supportive nutritional categories, including products intended for commercialization under our Kick. Sports Nutrition brand. Development activities currently include product formulation, stability testing, and production qualification in advance of expected commercial production. The RTD platform is being developed in conjunction with Tetra Pak, which is providing processing and aseptic packaging integration services at the facility. We believe this initiative, if successfully executed, will expand our addressable market and support our strategic transition toward higher-margin, shelf-stable product categories.

Our Sustainability Plan - Renew, Reuse, Recycle & Innovate

Our operations are environmentally conscious. We operate our CEA greenhouse facilities with the goal of being a good steward of nature. With our closed loop systems, we recapture and recycle water into our growing process. We use integrated pest management instead of traditional pesticides in our Flagship Facility, Edible Garden Heartland and all contracted grow facilities. In vertical grow systems, we are able to grow more herbs per square foot than legacy farms. Our GreenThumb software allows us to be more efficient in our packing and shipping process with the goal of reducing excess emissions of greenhouse gases and carbon that would result from more trucks transporting our products. The packaging we use is intended to reduce food spoilage and food waste while utilizing bio-based materials, leading to a reduction of plastics in the packaging. In the future, we intend for our greenhouses to take advantage of areas with renewable energy alternatives such as solar, wind, and hydro together with suppliers that support greenhouse gas-free electricity generation, when available. We plan to continue to deliver innovation in the products we use for our packaging and potting, further eliminating plastics from our products with recycled, biodegradable packaging. We continually try to find partners who share our vision and commitment to sustainability. Although we ultimately rely on our partners to maximize their efficiencies, we drive reductions in overall carbon emissions and food miles by growing and delivering from facilities that are as close to our supermarket partners’ distribution centers as possible. We are working to help those partners who are not currently pursuing sustainability goals to move in that direction by raising awareness and providing information and guidance.

13

Table of Contents

2025 Sustainability, Waste Reduction and Carbon Emission Avoidance

The following measures demonstrate Edible Garden’s ongoing commitment to sustainability, waste reduction and carbon neutrality for 2025:

1. Avoided 412,537 miles of conventional refrigerated truck miles by co-loading orders and backhauling supplies

a. Avoided emissions of 142 passenger cars

b. Reduced our diesel fuel demand by 30,734.23 gallons

c. Conserved around 694 barrels of crude oil

2. Recycled 70.1 metric tons of mixed recyclables including mixed plastics paper, corrugate containers, glass and other mixed recyclables.

3. Reduced use of virgin packaging material with 1206.29 metric tons of polypropylene (PP) post-consumer recycled content.

a. All hydro basil products are sold in compostable cups

b. All sleeves used in both Edible Garden facilities are post-consumer recycled in all curbside collections

c. All pots used in 2025 were made from recycled PP. This is post-consumer recyclable as well.

4. Recycled 1,890,000 gallons of water across both Edible Garden facilities. 95% water reuse in our Grand Rapids location – 75% at our Belvidere location.

5. Reduced food waste by 167.24 metric tons through donations to local food banks and streamlining operations and using excess grown product as cut-clamshell products. This also reduced the need to also source fresh organic produce from other suppliers.

6. Reduced the overall need for pesticide applications by 34% in 2025.

Regulatory Compliance

As a producer and distributor of food products, we are subject to the laws and regulations in the jurisdictions where our facilities are located and where are products are distributed. In particular we are subject to the FSM Act, which is enforced by the FDA. The FDA has the authority to regulate the growing, harvesting manufacture, including composition and ingredients, processing, labeling, packaging import, distribution and marketing and safety of food in the United States. The FSM Act significantly enhances the FDA’s authority over various aspects of food regulation. For example, the FSM Act granted the FDA mandatory recall authority when the FDA determines there is a reasonable probability that a food is adulterated or misbranded and that the use of, or exposure to, the food will cause serious adverse health consequences or death to humans or animals. While the FDA has been active in implementing the requirements of the FSM Act through issuance of regulations designed to result in a reduction of the risk of contamination in food manufacturing, the full impact of the FSM Act is not yet known, and we cannot assure you that it will not materially impact our business. Regulatory agencies in other jurisdictions have similar authority to address the risk of contamination or adulteration, and to require that contaminated products be removed from the market. The failure to comply with these laws and regulations in any jurisdiction, or to obtain required approvals, could result in a ban or temporary suspension on the production of our products or limit or bar their distribution, and affect our development of new products, and thus could materially adversely affect our business and operating results. In addition, the USDA regulates the import and export of certain fruits and vegetables into and from the United States, and the USDA also imposes growing, manufacturing and certification requirements for certain products labeled with organic claims. Failure to obtain necessary permits or otherwise comply with USDA regulations and requirements could result in a ban or temporary suspension of our ability to grow, manufacture or market our products as organic, and thus could materially adversely affect our business.

14

Table of Contents

Corporate History and Structure

Our business is a successor business of a subsidiary of Terra Tech Corp. (previously known as Unrivaled Brands, Inc., now known as Blum Holdings, Inc.) (“Terra Tech”). We purchased substantially all of the assets of Edible Garden Corp., a subsidiary of Terra Tech, from Terra Tech as of March 30, 2020. Our company was incorporated on March 28, 2020 in the State of Wyoming as Edible Garden Inc. We subsequently changed our name to Edible Garden AG Incorporated on July 20, 2020, and we effected a stock split of 20 for 1 as of October 14, 2020. Effective July 7, 2021, our parent company, Edible Garden Holdings Inc., merged with and into us with us as the surviving entity. We converted into a Delaware corporation effective July 12, 2021. On September 8, 2021, we effected an additional forward stock split of 20 for 1. On January 26, 2023, we effected a reverse stock split of 1 for 30, on April 5, 2024, we effected a reverse stock split of 1 for 20, on March 3, 2025, we effected a reverse stock split of 1 for 25, and on February 3, 2026, we effected a reverse stock split of 1 for 10. As of December 31, 2025, we had 95 employees, of which 94 were full-time employees.

Our principal address is 283 County Road 519, Belvidere, NJ 07823. Our telephone number is (908) 750-3953. We maintain a website at ediblegardenag.com. The information contained on our website is not, and should not be interpreted to be, incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.

15

Table of Contents

The following disclosures reflect the Company’s beliefs and opinions as to factors that could materially and adversely affect the Company, our future performance and our securities in the future, or could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements. References to past events are provided by way of example only and are not intended to be a complete listing or a representation as to whether or not such factors have occurred in the past or their likelihood of occurring in the future. Furthermore, the risks and uncertainties described below are not the only risks facing us and we cannot predict every event and circumstance that may adversely affect our business. However, these risks and uncertainties are the most significant factors that we have identified and believe at this time. If one or more of these risks actually occurs, our business, results of operations and/or financial condition could suffer, and the price of our stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment. You should carefully consider the risks described below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K..

Risks Related to Our Business

We have a history of losses, expect to continue to incur losses in the near term and may not achieve or sustain profitability in the future, and as a result, our management has identified and our auditors agreed that there is a substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

We have incurred significant losses since our inception. We experienced net losses of approximately $17.3 million and $11.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. We expect our capital and operational expenses to remain at historical levels as a percent of revenue in the future due to the development of an RTD beverage manufacturing facility, sales and marketing investments, packhouse construction costs, costs to continue our growth strategy, and general and administrative costs. Therefore, our operating losses will continue through the near term. Furthermore, to the extent that we are successful in increasing our customer base, we will also incur increased expenses because costs associated with generating and supporting customer agreements are generally incurred up front, while revenue is generally recognized ratably over the term of the relationship. You should not rely upon our past results as indicative of future performance. We may not reach profitability in the near future or at any specific time in the future. If and when our operations do become profitable, we may not sustain profitability.

The report of our independent registered public accounting firm that accompanies our audited consolidated financial statements contains a going concern qualification in which such firm expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result if we are unable to continue as a going concern. If we are unable to continue as a going concern, holders of our securities might lose their entire investment. The doubts raised relating to our ability to continue as a going concern may make our shares an unattractive investment for potential investors, which may make it difficult to raise any additional capital and may cause us to be unable to continue to operate our business.

We will need to obtain additional financing to fund our operations, which may not be available on favorable terms, if at all, and if we are unable to obtain such financing, we may be unable to operate and continue our business.

To date, we have financed our operations with the proceeds from debt financings, public and private securities offerings, and operations, among other sources. If we are unable to raise additional capital, we believe that the existing cash will fund operations into the second quarter of 2026 and will not be sufficient to fund our operations through the next twelve months beyond the date of the issuance of our consolidated financial statements. Our operations have consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception. The net cash used in operating activities was $11.8 million and $8.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

16

Table of Contents

We cannot be certain that we will be able to obtain financing on favorable terms, if at all, and any financings could result in additional dilution to holders of our common stock. Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions such as incurring additional debt, expending capital, or declaring dividends, or which impose financial covenants on us that limit our ability to achieve our business objectives. If we need additional capital and cannot raise it on acceptable terms, we may not be able to meet our business objectives, our stock price may fall and you may lose some or all of your investment. Our inability to obtain additional funding when needed could seriously harm our business or make it impossible for us to continue to operate our business.

Our business may be adversely affected by the departure of members of our management team.

Our success depends, in large part, on the continued contributions of our executives. Although we have an employment agreement with our Chief Executive Officer, James Kras, we cannot assure you that he will remain with us for any specified period. The loss of Mr. Kras would harm our ability to implement our business strategy and operate our day-to-day business. In addition, executive leadership transition periods, including adding new personnel, could be difficult as new executives gain an understanding of our business and strategy. Difficulty integrating new executives could limit our ability to successfully execute our business strategy and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Changes to estimates related to our property, equipment and leasehold improvements that are lower than our current estimates have in the past and may in the future cause us to incur impairment charges on certain assets, which may adversely affect our results of operations.

In accordance with accounting guidance, we estimated the value of the equipment and leasehold improvements that we acquired at the time of acquisition, and management is required to analyze whether impairment may exist for our assets. When impairment triggers are deemed to exist for assets, the estimated undiscounted future cash flows are compared to its carrying value. If the carrying value exceeds the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge equal to the difference between the carrying value and the fair value is recorded. The projections of future cash flows used in these analyses require the use of judgment and a number of estimates and projections of future operating results. If actual results differ from our estimates, additional charges for asset impairments may be required in the future. In the past, we have had to record impairment charges that have negatively impacted our net income. If future impairment charges are significant, our reported operating results would be adversely affected.

We are a relatively smaller company than many of our competitors, which makes it difficult to execute our strategy and achieve our growth objectives.

As a smaller company, our scale, resources and market presence are more limited than many of our competitors. These limitations may increase the risks and uncertainties we face as we work to grow and expand our operations. We have encountered, and will continue to encounter, challenges commonly experienced by smaller companies in competitive and rapidly evolving industries, including those related to:

• building market acceptance of our current and future products and services;
• competing effectively with larger competitors that may have greater financial, technical and operational resources;
• competing with other companies offering similar products and services;
• effectively building brand awareness, marketing our products and services and attracting new customers;
• managing the amount and timing of expenses, particularly sales and marketing expenses, related to the maintenance and expansion of our business, operations and infrastructure;
• controlling costs, including our expenses;
• managing organic growth and growth through acquisitions;
• changing regulatory environments and costs associated with compliance; and
• adapting to general economic conditions and events.

If we do not manage these risks successfully, our business and financial performance will be adversely affected.

17

Table of Contents

We have historically earned most of our revenue from a limited number of customers, and if we lose any of these customers or if we are unable to replace the revenue through the sale of our products to additional customers, our financial condition and results from operations would be materially and adversely affected.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, 88.2% of our total revenue was attributed to five customers (42.7% of which was attributed to sales to one customer). During the year ended December 31, 2024, 82.0% of our total revenue was attributed to four customers (44.0% of which was attributed to sales to one customer). At December 31, 2025, approximately 73.7% of our gross outstanding trade receivables were attributed to five customers (38.0% of which was due from one customer). At December 31, 2024, approximately 87.5% of our gross outstanding trade receivables were attributed to five customers (45.6% of which was due from one customer). These customers generally do not enter into long-term contracts. Although we entered into the Supply Agreements, which provide for a three-year term expiring December 31, 2026, Meijer may terminate the Supply Agreements without cause upon 60 days’ notice. We face risks related to maintaining the volume demanded on a short-term basis from these customers, which can also divert resources away from other customers. This concentration of customers leaves us exposed to the risks associated with the loss of one or more of these significant customers, which would materially and adversely affect our revenue and results of operations. If these customers were to significantly reduce their relationship with us, or in the event that we are unable to replace the revenue through the sale of our products to additional customers, our financial condition and results from operations could be negatively impacted, and such impact would likely be significant.

The loss of one or more of our customers, or a reduction in the level of purchases made by these customers, could negatively impact our sales and ability to generate profits.

We sell our products to national and local supermarket chains. Our business and financial condition will be materially adversely affected if sales to one or more of our largest customers are reduced. These customers make purchase decisions based on a combination of price, product quality, consumer demand, customer service performance, desired inventory levels and other factors that may be important to them at the time the purchase decisions are made. Changes in these customers’ strategies or purchasing patterns may adversely affect our sales. For example, the customers may face financial or other difficulties, which may impact their operations and cause them to reduce their level of purchases, which could then adversely affect our results of operations. Any bankruptcy or other business disruption involving one of our significant customers also could adversely affect our results of operations.

We may implement new lines of business, such as RTD beverages or offer new products and services within existing lines of business.

We may implement new lines of business at any time. For example, in 2026, we announced plans to develop an RTD beverage manufacturing platform at the Iowa Facility. The facility includes more than 200,000 square feet of food-grade manufacturing and warehousing infrastructure and is intended to support aseptic beverage processing and packaging across protein, plant-based, dairy, and functional beverage categories..

There are substantial risks and uncertainties associated with these efforts, particularly in instances where we have limited experience with the new lines of business or products or the markets are not fully developed. In developing and marketing new lines of business and/or new products and services, we may invest significant time, money and other resources. Initial timetables for the introduction and development of new lines of business and/or new products or services may not be achieved, and price and profitability targets may not prove feasible. We may not be successful in introducing new products and services in response to industry trends or developments in technology, or those new products may not achieve market acceptance. As a result, we could lose business, be forced to price products and services on less advantageous terms to retain or attract customers, be subject to cost increases, default on obligations to contractual counterparties or harm our brand’s reputation. As a result, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.

18

Table of Contents

Our business is characterized by low margins, which are sensitive to inflationary and deflationary pressures, and intense competition and consolidation in the grocery industry, and our inability to increase our gross margins could adversely affect our results of operations.

Our industry is characterized by a relatively high volume of sales with relatively low profit margins, and as competition in certain areas intensifies and the industry continues to consolidate, our results of operations may be negatively impacted through a loss of sales and reduction in gross margin dollars. The grocery business is intensely competitive, and the competitive landscape is dynamic and continues to evolve, including from competitors that have greater financial and other resources than we do. We cannot provide assurance that we will be able to compete effectively against current and future competitors.

The continuing consolidation of retailers, the growth of chains and closures of grocery locations may reduce our gross margins in the future should we experience pricing pressure from our customers. Prolonged periods of product cost inflation and periods of rapidly increasing inflation also have a negative impact on our gross margins and results of operations to the extent that we are unable to pass on all or a portion of such product cost increases to our customers, or to the extent our operating expenses increase. If we are unable to increase our gross margins, our results of operations will be adversely affected.

Our relationships with customers and suppliers are primarily based on purchase orders rather than long-term purchase commitments.

We are subject to uncertainty because our relationships with customers and suppliers are primarily based on purchase orders rather than long-term purchase commitments, such as the Supply Agreements. Our produce is grown at facilities we own or control in Michigan and New Jersey and at third-party locations by contract growers. Based on forecasts derived from our GreenThumb software, to ensure availability of products, we or our contract growers start sowing products in advance of receiving purchase orders for those products. Inaccuracies in our forecasts of customer demand and product mix could negatively affect our ability to supply product to our customers and consequently, our operating results. Our customers can cancel purchase orders or defer the shipments of our products under certain circumstances with little or no advance notice to us. If we grow more products than we are able to sell to our customers, we will incur losses and our results of operations and financial condition will be harmed. If we or the contract grower have not grown enough of a specific product to fulfill a purchase order, our customers typically find another source of the product and we do not incur any additional costs. However, if we are unable to fill orders over time, we may harm our reputation with the customer and may be unable to maintain our relationship with the customer. Similarly, we may terminate the purchase orders we submit to contract growers at any time and for any reason, but if we do so, we risk jeopardizing the relationship with the contract grower and they may be less likely to accept purchase orders we submit, which would limit the potential growing capacity we can access and may limit our ability to supply products to our customers.

Adverse weather, natural disasters and other conditions affecting the environment, including the effects of climate change, could result in substantial losses and weaken our financial condition.

Our products are vulnerable to adverse weather conditions, which are common but difficult to predict. The effects of natural disasters may be intensified by the ongoing global climate change. Severe weather conditions have and are expected to continue and could adversely affect our supply of one or more fresh produce items and components of our packaged products, reduce our sales volumes, increase our unit production costs or prevent or impair our ability to ship products as planned. When severe weather, wildfires, natural disasters, and other adverse environmental conditions (i) destroy products planted in our greenhouses or our contract growers’ greenhouses or (ii) prevent us from distributing these products on a timely basis, we may lose our investment in those products and/or our costs of purchased products may increase. These risks can be exacerbated when a substantial portion of our production of a specific product is grown in one region, provided by a limited number of contract growers, or when it endangers one of our products.

Adverse weather may also impact our supply chains, preventing us from procuring necessary supplies and delivering our products to our customers. We could be unable to fulfill customer orders due to severe weather, wildfires and natural disasters. Such severe weather events that could materially disrupt our operations may occur with higher frequency because of climate change.

19

Table of Contents

Our performance may be impacted by general and regional economic volatility, inflation, tariffs, or an economic downturn.

An overall decline in economic activity could adversely impact our business and financial results. Economic uncertainty may reduce consumer spending as consumers make decisions on what to include in their food budgets, particularly if food costs increase more quickly than wages in an inflationary environment. Economic uncertainty could also result in changing consumer preferences and could reduce the demand for our products. Shifts in consumer spending could result in increased pressure from competitors or customers that may require us to increase promotional spending or reduce the prices of some products, which could then lower revenue and profitability. In addition to the economic factors listed above, global events such as the Ukraine-Russia war, the Israel-Hamas war, the U.S. military’s intervention in Venezuela, and the conflicts among the U.S., Israel and Iran, or any other economic factors or circumstances resulting in higher transportation, labor, insurance or healthcare costs or commodity prices, including energy prices, and other economic factors in the U.S. and other countries in which we operate can increase our cost of sales and operating, selling, general and administrative expenses and otherwise materially adversely affect our operations and operating results.

U.S. and international trade policies, tariffs, trade barriers and other restrictions on the importation of goods, trade sanctions imposed between certain countries and entities, limitations on the importation of certain types of goods or of goods containing certain materials from other countries and other factors relating to foreign trade are beyond our control. These and other factors affecting our suppliers, our access to products and our access to service providers, could adversely affect our operations and operating results.

Additionally, we are subject to regional economic volatilities since our potential growing capacity and production facilities are located in a few areas, including Belvidere, New Jersey; Grand Rapids, Michigan; Ojai, California and Webster City, Iowa. Our use of hydroponic farming requires that it rely on local disease-free water sources and growing materials. Accordingly, any change in the availability of these local raw materials could adversely affect our operating results.

Because our business is concentrated on a limited set of products, we are vulnerable to changes in consumer preferences and changes in economic conditions affecting disposable income that could harm our financial results.

Our business has limited diversification and consists primarily of growing, shipping and selling fresh herbs, along with plant-based protein, sports nutrition, a line of gourmet sauces, pickles, chili-based products, and squeezable herbs. Consumers’ preferences change rapidly and without warning, moving from one trend to another among many retail concepts. Therefore, our business is substantially dependent on our ability to anticipate shifts in consumers’ tastes and preferences. Any future shifts in consumer preferences away from the consumption of these products, including demand for our RTD beverages, would also have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Consumer purchases of specialty retail products, including our products, are discretionary in nature and are historically affected by economic conditions such as changes in employment, salary and wage levels, and confidence in prevailing and future economic conditions as may be affected by geopolitical events, political instability, tariffs, trade restrictions, unseasonable weather, pandemics and other public health emergencies, as well as other factors that are outside of our control. Discretionary purchases may decline during recessionary periods or at other times when disposable income is lower, such as during highly inflationary periods. If periods of decreased consumer spending persist, our sales could decrease, and our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

If we are unable to attract, train and retain qualified personnel, we may not be able to effectively execute our business strategy.

Our future success depends on our ability to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel, including our management, sales and marketing, operational, transportation, finance and administration personnel. For example, we currently are hiring for skilled plant workers to launch our RTD plant. We do not know whether we will be able to hire sufficiently skilled workers with specific experience for these positions to meet our production goals or, if hired, retain all of these personnel as we continue to pursue our business strategy. The loss of the services of one or more of our key employees, or our inability to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

20

Table of Contents

The costs of our operations may exceed our estimates due to factors outside of our control, such as labor shortages or external price increases, and we may be unable to pass those costs to our customers, which would negatively impact our financial results.

We depend on our employees and contracted grow operations teams to grow and distribute our products to our customers. We rely on access to competitive, local labor supply, including skilled and unskilled positions, to operate our business consistently and reliably. Any labor shortage and any disruption in our ability to hire workers would negatively affect our operations and financial condition. If we experience a sustained labor shortage, we may need to increase wages to attract workers, which would increase our costs of growing our products. We have experienced price increases for packaging materials, natural gas supply, and shipping, and we have increased wages for our existing employees to adjust for inflation. If these increases continue or worsen, including due to inflationary pressures, and we are unable to pass those increased costs on to our customers, our gross margin will decline and our financial results would be negatively impacted.

We may not successfully integrate assets from acquisitions.

If we fail to accurately assess and successfully integrate any recent or future acquisitions such as the assets acquired in Fort Dodge, Iowa, we may not achieve the anticipated benefits, which could result in lower revenue, unanticipated operating expenses, and increased losses. Successful integration involves many challenges, including:

• adapting acquired assets to contribute to new business lines, like the Project;
• the difficulty of integrating acquired operations and personnel with our existing operations;
• the difficulty of operating a business in new geographies and addressing the particular economic, political and regulatory risks associated with specific countries;
• the difficulty of developing, manufacturing, and marketing new products and services;
• the diversion of our management’s attention as a result of evaluating, negotiating and integrating acquisitions;
• integrating the acquired company’s accounting and other administrative systems into ours;
• currency and regulatory risks associated with operations in foreign countries;
• in some cases, our exposure to unforeseen liabilities of acquired companies; and
• the loss of key employees of an acquired business operation.

In addition, an acquisition could adversely impact cash flows, operating results, and stockholder interests, for many reasons, including:

• contingent consideration payments;
• the issuance of securities in connection with an acquisition or new business venture that dilutes or lessens the rights of our current stockholders;
• transaction bonuses to management;
• charges to our income to reflect the impairment of acquired intangible assets, including goodwill; and
• interest costs and debt service requirements for any debt incurred in connection with an acquisition or new business venture.

If we are not able to successfully integrate the assets from our acquisitions into our business, we could significantly increase our costs without realizing expected benefits, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

21

Table of Contents

If the integration of any or all of our acquisitions or future acquisitions is not successful, it could have a material adverse impact on our operating results and stock price.

Our future business acquisition efforts may not be successful, which may limit our growth or adversely affect our results of operations, and financing of any future acquisitions could result in stockholder dilution and increase our outstanding indebtedness. If we identify an appropriate acquisition candidate, we may not be able to successfully negotiate terms or finance the acquisition. If economic downturns or other matters of national or global concern continue for an extensive period of time or recur, our ability to pursue and consummate potential acquisitions could be materially adversely affected. In addition, to successfully complete targeted acquisitions, we may issue additional equity securities that could dilute our stockholders’ ownership, or we may incur additional debt, which could increase our existing indebtedness. If we fail to successfully acquire businesses, our growth and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We may implement new lines of business, such as the Pulp sauces, Pickle Party, and Kick. Sports Nutrition, or offer new products and services within existing lines of business.

As a growing company, we may implement new lines of business at any time. For example, in the first quarter of 2023, we launched a line of gourmet sauces and chili-based products to expand our reach into supermarkets. In 2024, we launched two additional lines: Pickle Party, a line of fresh and fermented pickles to augment our condiment line and Kick. Sports Nutrition, a cleaner label, better for you nutraceutical line.

There are substantial risks and uncertainties associated with these efforts, particularly in instances where we have limited experience with the new lines of business or products or the markets are not fully developed. In developing and marketing new lines of business and/or new products and services, we may invest significant time and resources. Initial timetables for the introduction and development of new lines of business and/or new products or services may not be achieved, and price and profitability targets may not prove feasible. We may not be successful in introducing new products and services in response to industry trends or developments in technology, or those new products may not achieve market acceptance. As a result, we could lose business, be forced to price products and services on less advantageous terms to retain or attract customers, be subject to cost increases, or harm our brand’s reputation. As a result, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.

Damage to our reputation could negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our reputation and the quality of our brand are critical to our business and success in existing markets, and will be critical to our success as we enter new markets. Any incident that erodes consumer loyalty for our brand could significantly reduce its value and damage our business. We may be adversely affected by any negative publicity, regardless of its accuracy. Also, there has been a marked increase in the use of social media platforms and similar devices, including blogs, social media websites and other forms of internet-based communications that provide individuals with access to a broad audience of consumers and other interested persons. The availability of information on social media platforms is virtually immediate as is its impact. Information posted may be adverse to our interests or may be inaccurate, each of which may harm our performance, prospects or business. The harm may be immediate and may disseminate rapidly and broadly, without affording us an opportunity for redress or correction.

Our business and operating results rely on effective quality control.

The quality and safety of our products are critical to the success of our business and operations. As such, it is imperative that our and our service providers’ quality control systems operate effectively and successfully. Quality control systems can be negatively impacted by potential design flaws, the quality of training programs, and adherence by employees to quality control guidelines. Although we strive to ensure that all of our service providers have implemented and adhered to high caliber quality control systems, any significant failure or deterioration of such quality control systems could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.

22

Table of Contents

Our products may be subject to recalls.

Manufacturers of products are sometimes subject to the recall or return of their products for a variety of reasons, including product defects, such as contamination, unintended harmful side effects, packaging safety and inadequate or inaccurate labelling disclosure. If any of our products are recalled for any reason, we could be required to incur the unexpected expense of the recall and any legal proceedings that might arise in connection with the recall. We may lose a significant number of sales and may not be able to replace those sales at an acceptable margin or at all. In addition, a product recall may require significant management attention. Although we have procedures for testing our products, there can be no assurance that any quality, potency, or contamination problems will be detected in time to avoid unforeseen product recalls, regulatory action, or lawsuits. A recall for any of the foregoing reasons could lead to decreased demand for products and could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Additionally, product recalls may lead to increased scrutiny of our operations by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) and other regulatory agencies, requiring further management attention and potential legal fees and other expenses.

We are subject to risk of product contamination and product liability claims.

The sales of our products involve the risk of injury to consumers. Such injuries may result from tampering by unauthorized personnel, product contamination or spoilage, including the presence of foreign objects, substances, chemicals, or residues introduced during the growing, production, packing, storage, handling or transportation phases. We cannot be sure that consumption of our products will not cause a health-related illness in the future or that we will not be subject to claims or lawsuits relating to such matters which could significantly increase our expenses. Even if a product liability claim is unsuccessful, the negative publicity surrounding any assertion that our products caused illness or injury could adversely affect our reputation with existing and potential customers and our brand image, which could significantly harm our business.

We may incur substantial costs enforcing or acquiring intellectual property rights and defending against third-party claims as a result of litigation or other proceedings.

We may incur substantial costs enforcing or acquiring intellectual property rights and defending against third-party claims as a result of litigation or other proceedings. In connection with the enforcement of our own intellectual property rights, the acquisition of third-party intellectual property rights or disputes related to the validity or alleged infringement of third-party intellectual property rights, including patent rights, we may be subject to claims, negotiations or complex, protracted litigation. Intellectual property disputes and litigation may be costly and can be disruptive to our business operations by diverting attention and energies of management and key technical personnel, and by increasing our costs of doing business. If we fail to prevail in any future litigation and disputes, it could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Third-party intellectual property claims asserted against us could subject us to significant liabilities, require us to enter into royalty and licensing arrangements on unfavorable terms, prevent us from assembling or licensing certain of our products, subject us to injunctions restricting our sale of products, cause severe disruptions to our operations or the marketplaces in which we compete or require us to satisfy indemnification commitments with our customers. In addition, we may incur significant costs in acquiring the necessary third-party intellectual property rights for use in our products. Any of these could seriously harm our business.

If we are unable to obtain patent protection for our products or otherwise protect our intellectual property rights, our business could suffer.

Our success depends, in part, on our ability to obtain patent protection for or maintain as trade secrets our proprietary products, technologies and inventions and to maintain the confidentiality of our trade secrets and knowhow, operate without infringing upon the proprietary rights of others and prevent others from infringing upon our business proprietary rights. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, it is possible that competitors or other unauthorized third parties may obtain, copy, use or disclose our technologies, inventions, processes or improvements. We cannot assure you that any of our existing or future patents or other intellectual property rights will be enforceable, will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented, or will otherwise provide us with meaningful protection or any competitive advantage. In 2024, we were granted three patents, two for our GreenThumb software (US 11,158,006 B1, US 11,410,249 B2 and US 11,830, 088 B2) and one for our self-watering displays (U.S. Patent No. D1,010,365). In the future, we may seek to apply for additional patents, however those patent applications may not be granted. If our patents do not adequately protect our technology, our competitors may be able to offer products similar to ours. Our competitors may also be able to develop similar technology independently or design around our patents, and we may not be able to detect the unauthorized use of our proprietary technology or take appropriate steps to prevent such use. We may need to enter into intellectual property license agreements in the future, and if we are unable to obtain these licenses, our business could be harmed. Any of the foregoing events would lead to increased competition and lower revenue or gross margins, which could adversely affect our operating results.

23

Table of Contents

Confidentiality agreements with employees and third parties may not prevent unauthorized disclosure of trade secrets and other proprietary information, and our inability to maintain the confidentiality of that information, due to unauthorized disclosure or use, or other event, could have a material adverse effect on our business.

In addition to the protection afforded by patents, we seek to rely on trade secret protection and confidentiality agreements to protect proprietary know-how that is not patentable or that we elect not to patent, processes for which patents are difficult to enforce, and any other elements of our product discovery and development processes that involve proprietary know-how, information, or technology that is not covered by patents. Trade secrets, however, may be difficult to protect. We seek to protect our proprietary processes, in part, by entering into confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants, advisors, contractors and collaborators. Although we use reasonable efforts to protect our trade secrets, our employees, consultants, advisors, contractors, and collaborators might intentionally or inadvertently disclose our trade secret information to competitors. In addition, competitors may otherwise gain access to our trade secrets or independently develop substantially equivalent information and techniques. Furthermore, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect proprietary rights to the same extent or in the same manner as the laws of the United States. As a result, we may encounter significant problems in protecting and defending our intellectual property both in the United States and abroad. If we are unable to prevent unauthorized material disclosure of our intellectual property to third parties, or misappropriation of our intellectual property by third parties, we will not be able to establish or maintain a competitive advantage in our market, which could materially adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

Our business could be negatively impacted by cyber security threats, attacks and other disruptions.

We face advanced and persistent attacks on our information infrastructure where we manage and store various proprietary information and sensitive/confidential data relating to our operations. These attacks may include sophisticated malware (viruses, worms, and other malicious software programs) and phishing emails that attack our products or otherwise exploit any security vulnerabilities. These intrusions sometimes may be zero-day malware that are difficult to identify because they are not included in the signature set of commercially available antivirus scanning programs. Experienced computer programmers and hackers may be able to penetrate our network security and misappropriate or compromise our confidential information or that of our customers or other third-parties, create system disruptions, or cause shutdowns. Additionally, sophisticated software and applications that we produce or procure from third-parties may contain defects in design or manufacture, including “bugs” and other problems that could unexpectedly interfere with the operation of the information infrastructure. A disruption, infiltration or failure of our information infrastructure systems or any of our data centers as a result of software or hardware malfunctions, computer viruses, cyber-attacks, employee theft or misuse, power disruptions, natural disasters or accidents could cause breaches of data security, loss of critical data and performance delays, which in turn could adversely affect our business.

Security breaches of confidential customer information or confidential employee information may adversely affect our business.

Our business requires the collection, transmission and retention of large volumes of customer and employee data, and other personally identifiable information, in various information technology systems that we maintain and in those maintained by third parties with whom we contract to provide services. The integrity and protection of that customer and employee data is critical to us. The information, security and privacy requirements imposed by governmental regulation are increasingly demanding. Our systems may not be able to satisfy these changing requirements and customer and employee expectations or may require significant additional investments or time in order to do so. A breach in the security of our information technology systems or those of our service providers could lead to an interruption in the operation of our systems, resulting in operational inefficiencies and a loss of revenue. Additionally, a significant theft, loss or misappropriation of, or access to, customers’ or other proprietary data or other breach of our information technology systems could result in fines, legal claims or proceedings.

24

Table of Contents

Our indebtedness and the rights of our Series B Preferred Stock could have important consequences to you.

Our indebtedness and the rights of our Series B Preferred Stock could have important consequences to you. For example, it could:

• limit our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate requirements;
• require us to dedicate a portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our debt or preferred returns for the Series B holder, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow for operations and other purposes;
• limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate; and
• place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to competitors that may have proportionately fewer obligations to shareholders or less debt and greater financial resources.

The promissory note issued in connection with our purchase of Edible Garden Heartland is secured by a mortgage on Edible Garden Heartland and a security interest in the assets at Edible Garden Heartland. In addition, the balance under a secured promissory note with Avondale Capital LLC is collateralized by our cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and all other receivables. If we were to default on our obligations under these loans and arrangements, the counterparties would have the right to our assets. We could be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet our debt service and other obligations, and the value realized on such assets or operations will depend on market conditions and the availability of buyers. Accordingly, any such sale may not, among other things, be for a sufficient dollar amount. If we were to otherwise attempt to sell material assets or operations, the foregoing encumbrances may limit our ability to dispose of material assets or operations. If we are unable to raise additional capital or improve our ability to generate cash from operating activities, we may not have sufficient cash on hand or available liquidity that can be utilized to meet our debt service and other obligations when they become due. If we were to default on our obligations under these loans and arrangements, the secured counterparties would have the right to our assets. In the event that the counterparties enforced their rights to our assets, we may have to discontinue our business, and our stockholders could lose all or a part of their investment in us.

Risks Related to Our Industry

Failure to obtain necessary permits or otherwise comply with USDA and FDA regulations and requirements could result in a ban or temporary suspension of our ability to grow, manufacture or market our products as organic, and thus could materially adversely affect our business.

As a producer and distributor of food products, we are subject to laws and regulations in the jurisdictions where our facilities are located and where our products are distributed. In particular, we are subject to the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended by the Food Safety Modernization Act in 2011 (the “FSM Act”), which is enforced by the FDA. The FDA has the authority to regulate the growing, harvesting manufacture, including composition and ingredients, processing, labeling, packaging import, distribution and marketing and safety of food in the United States. The FSM Act significantly enhances the FDA’s authority over various aspects of food regulation. For example, the FSM Act granted the FDA mandatory recall authority when the FDA determines there is a reasonable probability that a food is adulterated or misbranded and that the use of, or exposure to, the food will cause serious adverse health consequences or death to humans or animals. While the FDA has been active in implementing the requirements of the FSM Act through issuance of regulations designed to result in a reduction of the risk of contamination in food manufacturing, the full impact of the FSM Act is not yet known, and we cannot assure you that it will not materially impact our business. Regulatory agencies in other jurisdictions have similar authority to address the risk of contamination or adulteration, and to require that contaminated products be removed from the market. The failure to comply with these laws and regulations in any jurisdiction, or to obtain required approvals, could result in a ban or temporary suspension on the production of our products or limit or bar their distribution, and affect our development of new products, and thus could materially adversely affect our business and operating results. In addition, the United States Department of Agriculture (the “USDA”), regulates the import and export of certain fruits and vegetables into and from the United States, and the USDA also imposes growing, manufacturing and certification requirements for certain products labeled with organic claims. Failure to obtain necessary permits or otherwise comply with USDA regulations and requirements could result in a ban or temporary suspension of our ability to grow, manufacture or market our products as organic, and thus could materially adversely affect our business.

25

Table of Contents

Improper use of hydroponic farming methods may significantly impact our ability to maintain our operations and may adversely affect our financial results.

Improper use of indoor hydroponic farming techniques may adversely impact our operating results. For example, hydroponic farming commingles the use of water and electricity in close proximity which, if combined, may cause an electric shock or a power outage. As the nutrients supply in a hydroponic garden is powered by electricity, an outage could be detrimental to the garden. If an outage occurs, and lasts for a considerable period of time, the plants may die out if a supplementary system of nutrition is not implemented.

Hydroponic farming also necessitates proactive disease management practices to protect against pests and other natural conditions, outside of our control, from spreading through water sources. If we fail to properly manage its hydroponic farms, our operations and financial results may be adversely affected.

We are subject to fluctuations in market price and demand for agricultural products.

Fresh produce is highly perishable and generally must be brought to market and sold soon after harvest. The selling price received for our products may depend on a variety of factors, including timing of the sale, the availability and quality of the produce item in the market, and the availability and quality of competing produce.

In addition, general public perceptions regarding the quality, safety, or health risks associated with particular food products could reduce demand for some of our products. Food safety warnings, advisories, notices, and recalls, such as those administered by the FDA, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and other federal/state government agencies, could also reduce demand. To the extent that consumers evolve away from products that we produce for health, food safety or other reasons, and we are unable to modify the product or to develop products that satisfy new consumer preferences, there will be a decreased demand for our products.

Our results may vary from quarter to quarter depending on seasonal fluctuations related to the sale of our products.

Earnings may be affected by seasonal factors, including the availability, quality, and price of raw materials, the timing and effects of ripening and perishability, the ability to process perishable raw materials in a timely manner, the leveraging of certain fixed overhead costs during off-season months, and the slight impacts on consumer demand based on seasonal and holiday timing. Because some of our products are grown, the expenses incurred to meet consumer demand are often incurred in advance of the revenue earned by selling herbs. For example, in our New Jersey facility, we begin sowing our longest-growing crop 13 to 14 weeks in advance of delivery. The impact of seasonal demand and the sales cycle for our products may cause our results to vary from quarter to quarter, which may make an investment in us less attractive to some investors.

Increases in commodity or raw product input costs, such as fuel and packaging materials, could increase costs significantly.

Our costs are determined in part by the prices of fuel and packaging materials. We may be adversely affected if sufficient quantities of these materials are not available. In addition, any significant increase in the cost of these items could also materially and adversely affect our operating results. Specifically, we require significant quantities of fuel for our delivery vehicles and thus are exposed to the risks associated with fluctuations in the price for fuel. The price and supply of fuel can fluctuate significantly based on international, political, and economic circumstances, such as the Ukraine-Russia war, the Israel-Hamas war, the U.S. military’s intervention in Venezuela, and the conflicts among the U.S., Israel and Iran, as well as other factors outside of our control. If we are unable to manage the potential volatility in these input costs, our operations and financial results may be adversely affected.

26

Table of Contents

Government policies and regulations specifically affecting the agricultural sector and related industries could adversely affect our operating results.

As a manufacturer of consumable products, our operations are subject to extensive regulation by various federal government agencies, including the FDA, the USDA and the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”), as well as state and local agencies, such as the New Jersey Department of Agriculture, with respect to production processes, product attributes, packaging, labeling, storage, and distribution. Under various statutes and regulations, these agencies prescribe requirements and establish standards for safety, purity, and labeling. In addition, advertising for our products is subject to regulation by the FTC, and our operations are subject to certain health and safety regulations, including those issued under the Occupational Safety and Health Act. Failure to comply with existing or modified regulations promulgated by these agencies may adversely affect our operating results.

We face intense competition that could prohibit us from developing or increasing our customer base.

The indoor agriculture industry and the consumer packaged goods industry are highly competitive. We may compete with companies that have greater capital resources and facilities. More established companies with much greater financial resources which do not currently compete with us may be able to more easily adapt their existing operations to our line of business. Our competitors may also introduce new and improved products. We may not be able to successfully compete with larger enterprises devoting significant resources to compete in our target market. Our ability to compete depends upon our ability to predict, identify, and interpret the tastes and dietary habits of consumers and to offer products that appeal to those preferences. There are inherent marketplace risks associated with new product or packaging introductions, including uncertainties about trade and consumer acceptance. If we do not succeed in offering products that consumers want to buy, our sales will decrease. If we are unable to accurately predict which shifts in consumer preferences will be long-lasting or are unable to introduce new and improved products to satisfy those preferences, our sales will decrease. If we fail to develop products in more profitable categories, we could fail to expand margins. Due to this competition, there is no assurance that we will not encounter difficulties in increasing revenue and maintaining and/or increasing market share. In addition, increased competition may lead to reduced prices and/or margins for products we sell.

Risks Related to the Ownership of our Securities

There can be no assurance that our shares will continue to be listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, which would affect our common stock’s liquidity and reduce our ability to raise capital.

On October 21, 2024, we received a letter from the Staff of Nasdaq indicating that, based upon the closing bid price of our common stock for at least 30 consecutive business days, we no longer met the Bid Price Rule. Under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A)(iv), because we effected reverse stock splits in the last two years with a cumulative ratio greater than 250 shares to 1, we were not eligible for any compliance period to regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule. On January 14, 2025, we attended our hearing with Nasdaq and on February 12, 2025, we received the Notice from Nasdaq that a Nasdaq Hearings Panel granted an extension for us to regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule until March 31, 2025, subject to additional conditions outlined in the Notice. On April 8, 2025, we received a letter from Nasdaq confirming that we had regained compliance with the Bid Price Rule, however we will remain under a Nasdaq discretionary panel monitor until April 8, 2026.

According to the Nasdaq Listing Rules, under the Nasdaq discretionary panel monitor, if we fail to satisfy a continued listing requirement during the one-year monitoring period: (i) we will not be permitted to present a compliance plan to the Staff, (ii) the Staff will not be permitted to grant any additional time for us to regain compliance with the deficiency, (iii) we will not be afforded an applicable cure or compliance period pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3), and (iv) the Staff will promptly issue a delisting determination.

27

Table of Contents

There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain compliance with all applicable criteria for continued listing on Nasdaq. If our common stock is delisted, our warrants will also be delisted. We and holders of our securities could be materially adversely impacted if our securities are delisted from Nasdaq. In particular:

• we may be unable to raise equity capital on acceptable terms or at all;
• we may lose the confidence of our customers, which would jeopardize our ability to continue our business as currently conducted;
• the price of our common stock will likely decrease as a result of the loss of market efficiencies associated with Nasdaq and the loss of federal preemption of state securities laws;
• holders may be unable to sell or purchase our securities when they wish to do so;
• we may become subject to stockholder litigation;
• we may lose the interest of institutional investors in our common stock;
• we may lose media and analyst coverage;
• our common stock could be considered a “penny stock,” which would likely limit the level of trading activity in the secondary market for our common stock; and
• we would likely lose any active trading market for our common stock, as it may only be traded on one of the over-the-counter markets, if at all.

If our shares of common stock become subject to the penny stock rules, it would become more difficult to trade our shares.

The SEC has adopted rules that regulate broker-dealer practices in connection with transactions in penny stocks. Penny stocks are generally equity securities with a price of less than $5.00, other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or authorized for quotation on certain automated quotation systems, provided that current price and volume information with respect to transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange or system. If we do not retain a listing on Nasdaq and if the price of our common stock is less than $5.00, our common stock will be deemed a penny stock. The penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, before a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document containing specified information. In addition, the penny stock rules require that before effecting any transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from those rules, a broker-dealer must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive (i) the purchaser’s written acknowledgment of the receipt of a risk disclosure statement; (ii) a written agreement to transactions involving penny stocks; and (iii) a signed and dated copy of a written suitability statement. These disclosure requirements may have the effect of reducing the trading activity in the secondary market for our common stock, and therefore stockholders may have difficulty selling their shares.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act, and a “smaller reporting company” within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies or smaller reporting companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act. For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including (1) not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (2) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, (3) exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved, and (4) an extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies. Additionally, we may take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations as a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K. To the extent we take advantage of such reduced disclosure obligations, it may also make the comparison of our financial statements with other public companies difficult or impossible.

After we are no longer an “emerging growth company,” we expect to incur additional management time and cost to comply with the more stringent reporting requirements applicable to companies that are deemed accelerated filers or large accelerated filers, including complying with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we may incur or the timing of such costs.

28

Table of Contents

We have not and do not expect to declare any dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.

We have not and do not anticipate declaring any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Therefore, you should not rely on an investment in our common stock as a source for any future dividend income. There is no guarantee that our common stock will appreciate in value or even maintain its current market price. You may not realize a return on your investment in our common stock and you may even lose your entire investment in our common stock.

We may seek to raise funds, finance acquisitions or develop strategic relationships in the future by issuing securities that would dilute your ownership. Depending on the terms available to us, if these activities result in significant dilution, it may negatively impact the trading price of our common stock.

Any financing that we secure may require the granting of rights, preferences or privileges senior to, or pari passu with, those of our common stock. Any issuances by us of equity securities may be at or below the prevailing market price of our common stock and in any event may have a dilutive impact on your ownership interest, which could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. We may also raise additional funds through the incurrence of debt or the issuance or sale of other securities or instruments senior to our shares of common stock, which may be highly dilutive. The holders of any securities or instruments we may issue may have rights superior to the rights of our common stockholders. For example, the Series B Preferred Stock earns a preferred return on the stated value of the preferred stock, is ranked senior to the common stock with regard to dividends, distributions, and payments upon our dissolution, liquidation, or winding up, and is required to consent to certain corporate actions, such as: (i) granting of shares of Series B Preferred Stock to anyone other than Streeterville; (ii) increasing the authorized shares of our common stock or preferred stock; (iii) making any Restricted Issuance (as defined in the Certificate of Designation for the Series B Preferred Stock); (iv) entering into any agreement or commitment to, create, authorize, or issue any class of preferred stock that is equal to or senior in liquidation preference to the Series B Preferred Stock; (v) consummating a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Certificate of Designation for the Series B Preferred Stock) or entering into an agreement to consummate a Fundamental Transaction; and (vi) entering into any agreement or commitment to, dispose of any assets or operations that comprise more than 25% of our consolidated revenue or total assets.If we experience dilution from the issuance of additional securities and we grant superior rights to new securities over holders of our common stock, it may negatively impact the trading price of our common stock and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation, bylaws, and outstanding equity-linked securities could discourage a change in control, or an acquisition of us by a third party, even if the acquisition would be favorable to you, thereby adversely affecting existing stockholders.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that may have the effect of making more difficult or delaying attempts by others to obtain control of our Company, even when these attempts may be in the best interests of our stockholders. For example, our certificate of incorporation authorizes our Board, without stockholder approval, to issue one or more series of preferred stock, which could have voting and conversion rights that adversely affect or dilute the voting power of the holders of common stock. In addition, provisions of certain of our outstanding warrants could make it more difficult or expensive for a third party to acquire us. The warrants prohibit us from engaging in certain transactions constituting “fundamental transactions” unless, among other things, the surviving entity assumes our obligations under the warrants. Further, pursuant to the Certificate of Designation for the Series B Preferred Stock, we are prohibited from entering into a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Certificate of Designation for the Series B Preferred Stock) or entering into any agreement to dispose of any assets or operations that comprise more than 25% of our consolidated revenue or total assets without the consent of the holder of the Series B Preferred Stock. These provisions and others that could be adopted in the future could deter unsolicited takeovers or delay or prevent changes in our control or management, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares over then-current market prices. These provisions may also limit the ability of stockholders to approve transactions that they may deem to be in their best interests.

29

Table of Contents

Our certificate of incorporation designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the exclusive forum for certain litigation that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or increase the stockholder’s costs in bringing such a claim.

Our certificate of incorporation specifies that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, or other employee to us or to our stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the certificate of incorporation or the bylaws or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each case subject to the Court of Chancery having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in our securities shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of our certificate of incorporation described above.

This provision may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors, officers, employees and agents as it may limit any stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that the stockholder finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or agents or increase the stockholder’s costs in bringing such a claim. The enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies’ certificates of incorporation has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that, in connection with any applicable action brought against us, a court could find the choice of forum provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in such action. If a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

General Risk Factors

A prolonged economic downturn could adversely affect our business.

General economic conditions and other economic factors in one or more of the markets we serve may adversely affect our financial performance. Higher interest rates, increased costs for utilities, increased shipping costs, inflation, deflation, higher levels of unemployment, decreases in gross domestic product and consumer disposable income, higher tax rates, imposition of new taxes or other changes in tax laws, the imposition of import restrictions, tariffs, or overall economic slowdown or recession and other economic factors in the U.S. could adversely affect consumer demand for the products we sell, adversely affecting our net sales, growth rates, or operating income.

Increases in costs, disruption of supply or shortage of raw materials could harm our business.

We may experience increases in the cost or a sustained interruption in the supply or shortage of raw materials. For example, the tariffs currently imposed and contemplated for importing goods from key international supply chain locations have significantly increased. Any such increase or supply interruption could materially negatively impact our business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. We use various raw materials in our business including aluminum and fertilizer. The prices for these raw materials fluctuate depending on market conditions, the impact of tariffs, geopolitical events or conflicts, and global demand for these materials, and increased prices could adversely affect our business and operating results. Substantial increases in the prices for our raw materials increase our operating costs and could reduce our margins if we cannot recoup the increased costs through increased prices for our products and services.

Litigation may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

From time to time in the normal course of our business operations, we may become subject to litigation involving intellectual property, data privacy and security, consumer protection, food safety, commercial disputes and other matters that may negatively affect our operating results if changes to our business operation are required. We may also be subject to claims involving health and safety, hazardous materials usage, other environmental impacts, or service disruptions or failures. In addition, we may be subject to regulatory actions. The cost to defend such litigation or regulatory action may be significant and may require a diversion of our resources. There also may be adverse publicity associated with litigation that could negatively affect customer perception of our business, regardless of whether the allegations are valid or whether we are ultimately found liable. As a result, litigation may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, insurance may not cover existing or future claims, be sufficient to fully compensate us for one or more of such claims or continue to be available on terms acceptable to us. A claim brought against us that is uninsured or underinsured could result in unanticipated costs, thereby adversely affecting our results of operations and resulting in a reduction in the trading price of our stock.

30

Table of Contents

Our internal control over financial reporting has inherent limitations, and even effective controls may not prevent or detect all errors or instances of fraud.

We maintain a system of internal control over financial reporting designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the accuracy and reliability of our financial statements. However, internal controls have inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error, judgment lapses, and resource constraints. Additionally, controls may be circumvented through collusion or by individuals acting outside established procedures. As a result, we cannot guarantee that our internal controls will prevent or detect all misstatements, whether due to error or fraud.

If our internal control over financial reporting fails to operate effectively, we could experience errors in our financial statements, delays in financial reporting, or the need to restate previously issued financial information. Any such outcomes could harm our reputation, result in regulatory scrutiny, or negatively affect investor confidence in our company

The price of our stock is volatile, and you could lose all or part of your investment.

The trading price of our common stock has been highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. Our stock price is subject to wide fluctuations in response to a variety of factors, which include:

• whether we achieve our anticipated corporate objectives;
• actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly or annual operating results;
• changes in our financial or operational estimates;
• our ability to implement our operational plans;
• changes in the economic performance or market valuations of companies similar to ours; and
• general economic or political conditions in the United States or elsewhere.

In addition, broad market and industry factors may seriously affect the market price of our common stock, regardless of actual operating performance. In addition, in the past, following periods of volatility in the overall market and the market price of a particular company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against these companies. This litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources.

31

Table of Contents

We will continue to incur increased costs and demands upon management as a result of complying with the laws and regulations affecting public companies, which could adversely affect our operating results.

As a public company, we will continue to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that are not incurred by private companies, including costs associated with public company reporting and corporate governance requirements. These requirements include compliance with Section 404 and other provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, as well as rules implemented by the SEC and Nasdaq. Complying with these rules and regulations substantially increases our legal and financial compliance costs and makes some activities more time-consuming and costly than if we were a private company. As a public company, it is more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage year-over-year. As a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified individuals to serve on our Board or as our executive officers. The increased costs associated with operating as a public company will decrease our net income or increase our net loss and may require us to reduce costs in other areas of our business or increase the prices of our products or services. Additionally, if these requirements divert our management’s attention from other business concerns, they could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

If we were to dissolve, the holders of our securities may lose all or substantial amounts of their investments.

If we were to dissolve as a corporation, as part of ceasing to do business or otherwise, we will be required to pay all amounts owed to any creditors before distributing any assets to holders of our capital stock. There is a risk that in the event of such a dissolution, there will be insufficient funds to repay amounts owed to holders of any of our indebtedness and insufficient assets to distribute to our capital stockholders, in which case our stockholders could lose their entire investment.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they change their recommendations regarding our securities adversely, our stock and warrant prices and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our common stock is influenced by research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about us, our business, our market or our competitors. If any of the analysts who may cover us change their recommendation regarding our securities adversely, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, our stock and warrant prices would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover us were to cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could cause our stock and warrant prices or trading volume to decline.

32

Table of Contents

Cyber Security Governance

Oversight of cybersecurity infrastructure is managed by members of our management team, including our Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer. Management works in tandem with a third-party service provider (the “Service Provider”) who routinely reviews and updates our antivirus and antimalware software, monitors our intrusion detection system and intrusion protection system and reviews and cleans our corporate email system. Other than engaging the Service Provider, given our overall risk profile, the Board has had limited involvement with our cybersecurity risk management. The management team, with support from the Service Provider, would raise any significant cybersecurity risks with the Board.

Risk Management and Strategy

We believe we have implemented processes that are designed to effectively manage risks from cybersecurity threats. Through our Service Provider, we have established an Incident Response Plan (the “IRP”). The IRP lays out our guidelines for responding to and handling cyber incidents. The IRP helps to ensure a quick and organized response in the event of a cyber incident and helps ensure all necessary members of management are informed so action can be taken as soon as possible. Under the IRP, once a cyber incident is identified, a response team will review the details of the cyber incident, inform management and work to secure our systems and fix the vulnerability. An investigation will be conducted, with the assistance of the Service Provider if needed, to determine the root cause of the cyber incident, the materiality of the cyber incident, and any disclosure or legal obligations that will stem from the cyber incident.

We have not been the victim of a cyber incident in the past but may be the subject of cyber incidents in the future. See Item 1A, Risk Factors for more information about the risk posed to us by cybersecurity threats.

We own Edible Garden Heartland, a 5-acre greenhouse location in Grand Rapids, Michigan, through the Michigan Subsidiary. We own Edible Garden Heartland subject to a mortgage on Edible Garden Heartland and a security interest in the assets owned by the Michigan Subsidiary that secure a promissory note with a principal amount of $1.1 million issued by the Michigan Subsidiary to NJD Investments, LLC. We guaranteed the Michigan Subsidiary’s obligation to repay the amounts due under the mortgage on Edible Garden Heartland.

We operate our Flagship Facility, a 5-acre greenhouse location in Belvidere, New Jersey. On October 1, 2024, we acquired Edible Garden Corp. (“EGC”) from Unrivaled Brands, Inc., our former parent company, for the nominal price of $1.00. At our inception, we acquired substantially all of the assets of EGC from Unrivaled Brands, Inc., except for the lease agreement between EGC and the Landlord, made as of December 30, 2014 (the “Lease Agreement”), as amended by a lease extension agreement between EGC and the Landlord dated September 10, 2019 (the “Lease Extension,” together with the Lease Agreement, the “Lease”), for a 5-acre greenhouse location in Belvidere, New Jersey. As a result, prior to October 1, 2024, we operated the New Jersey property through an informal arrangement with EGC in which the Company effectively rented the property on a month-to-month basis with no set term. On October 1, 2024, upon the closing of its acquisition of EGC, we assumed the Lease and became subject to its terms. The Lease has a term that commenced on January 1, 2015 and ends on December 31, 2029. Under the terms of the Lease, we paid the Landlord a monthly lease payment of approximately $23 thousand in 2025.

33

Table of Contents

In May 2025, we entered into a lease agreement with Iowa Shrimp Holdings, LLC, an affiliate of NaturalShrimp and Streeterville, for the Iowa Facility. The facility includes more than 200,000 square feet of food-grade manufacturing and warehousing infrastructure and is intended to support aseptic beverage processing and packaging across protein, plant-based, dairy, and functional beverage categories. Under the terms of the lease for the Iowa Facility, the initial term of the lease is for twelve months (the “Initial Term”). We may extend the term of the lease by an additional twelve months (the “First Renewal Term”) provided that (i) we are in compliance with the terms of the lease in all material respects; and (ii) the aggregate value of the Series B Preferred Stock either redeemed by us or exchanged for shares of our common stock during the Initial Term is not less than $2 million. Further, we may extend the term of the lease by an additional twelve months (the “Second Renewal Term”) provided that (i) we are in compliance with the terms of the lease in all material respects; and (ii) the aggregate value of the Series B Preferred Stock either redeemed by us or exchanged for shares of our common stock during the First Renewal Term is not less than $3 million. Finaly, we, with the consent of Iowa Shrimp Holdings, LLC, may extend the term of the lease by additional twelve month periods provided that (i) we have already completed the First Renewal Term and Second Renewal Term; (ii) we, at the time of any renewal, are in compliance with the terms of the lease in all material respects; and (iii) the aggregate value of the Series B Preferred Stock either redeemed by us or exchanged for shares of our common stock is not less than $4 million during each of the Second Renewal Term and any successive twelve calendar month term.

Under the terms of the lease for the Iowa Facility, we pay a monthly lease payment of $1.00 to Iowa Shrimp Holdings, LLC for the Initial Term. If we are considered a holdover tenant after the expiration of the Initial Term or any renewal term with the prior written consent of Iowa Shrimp Holdings, LLC, the tenancy will be construed as month to month, except that rent shall be increased to an amount equal to (i) $15 thousand per calendar month if the holdover tenancy occurs between the first anniversary and second anniversary of May 14, 2025, (ii) $23 thousand per calendar month if the holdover tenancy occurs between the second anniversary and third anniversary of May 14, 2025, or (iii) $30 thousand per calendar month if the holdover tenancy occurs after the third anniversary of May 14, 2025, plus, and in addition to the rent, all other sums of money due and payable by us to Iowa Shrimp Holdings, LLC under the lease.

We continue to experience significant unit growth across key segments, including fresh-cut clamshell herbs. In response to this demand, we have increased our investment in processing and packaging equipment and expect to continue making such investments to support ongoing growth, at Edible Garden Heartland, our Flagship Facility, and with our contract growers, as described above in Part I, Item 1 “Business,” under the heading “Potential Growing Capacity.”

Our non-perishable product portfolio, including shelf-stable nutraceuticals, protein powders, sports nutrition products, and fermented and value-added consumer goods, is sourced through established co-manufacturing partners with sufficient production capacity to meet existing and anticipated near-term demand. The Company believes its co-manufacturing arrangements provide adequate flexibility to scale production in line with demand without requiring near-term capital investment in additional manufacturing infrastructure for these product lines.

From time to time, we may be party to or otherwise involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Management does not believe that there is any pending or threatened proceeding against us, which, if determined adversely, would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations and quantitative and qualitative disclosures should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. In addition, please refer to the discussion of our business contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains a number of forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates, and beliefs, all of which are based on our current expectations and could be affected by certain uncertainties, risks, and other factors described under Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements, Risk Factors, and elsewhere throughout this Annual Report. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements or from our prior results.

OVERVIEW

We are a controlled environment agriculture (“CEA”) farming company. We use traditional agricultural growing techniques together with technology to grow fresh, organic food, sustainably and safely while improving traceability. We use the controlled environment of traditional greenhouse structures, such as glass greenhouses, together with hydroponic and vertical greenhouses to sustainably grow organic herbs. In our hydroponic greenhouse, we grow plants without soil. Instead of planting one row of plants in the ground, by using a vertical growing system, we can grow many towers of herbs in the same area by planting up instead of planting across. Growing these products sustainably means that we avoid depleting natural resources in order to maintain an ecological balance, such as by renewing, reusing and recycling materials in order to lower the overall one-time use of materials.

Our controlled greenhouse facilities allow us to grow consistent quality herbs year-round, first by eliminating some of the variability of outdoor farming with our CEA techniques, and second by leveraging our proprietary software, GreenThumb. In addition to using hydroponic and vertical greenhouse systems, we use a “closed loop” system in our greenhouses. Generally, in a “closed loop” system, drain water is recollected and reused for irrigation. In our closed loop system, we also cycle water back into the system that has been collected through reverse osmosis. When compared with conventional agriculture, our closed looped systems and hydroponic methods use less land, less energy and less water (than legacy farms), thus conserving some of the planet’s limited natural resources. Our advanced systems are also designed to help mitigate contamination from harmful pathogens, including salmonella, e-coli and others.

35

Table of Contents

We have also developed patented software called GreenThumb that assists in tracking plants through our supply chain. Utilizing our GreenThumb software to track the status of our plants as they grow and move throughout the greenhouse allows us to add a layer of quality control due to the frequent monitoring of the growing process, leading to improved traceability. In this context, traceability means being able to track a plant through all stages of production and distribution. In addition to improving traceability, GreenThumb helps us better manage the day-to-day operations of our business. GreenThumb is a web-based greenhouse management and demand planning system that does the following:

• integrates in real-time with our cloud business software suite for monitoring daily sales data;
• generates reports by category, product, customer, and farm to allow us to analyze sales, trends, margins and retail shrink (spoiled product);
• provides dynamic pallet mapping for packout, which enables us to more efficiently ship our products;
• utilizes a proprietary algorithm that uses year-over-year and trending sales data to develop customer specific and aggregate product specific forecasting for our greenhouses;
• aggregates all greenhouse activity input to provide real-time inventory and availability reports of all products in our greenhouses;
• manages our online ordering system with user-controlled product availability based upon greenhouse inventory;
• provides a route management system for coordinating the logistics of our direct store delivery program; and
• tracks all production activities at greenhouses, including sowing, spacing, dumping, spraying, picking and packing, using handheld devices.

We also use our GreenThumb software to help monitor the quality of our products, and we have dedicated quality assurance and quality control personnel that check and monitor our products. We have customer service personnel that answer any questions the consumers of our products may have, and we regularly ask for feedback from our customers on the quality of our products. The combination of the GreenThumb software, quality assurance and control processes (including compliance with food safety standards), and feedback from consumers and purchasers holds us accountable for maintaining the quality of our products.

We focus our efforts on producing our herbs in a sustainable manner that will reduce consumption of natural resources, by recycling water in our closed loop system and using LED lights instead of conventional lightbulbs to accelerate crop growth and yield, when necessary. In addition, the inventory management component of GreenThumb allows us to manage inventory levels, order quantities and fill rates while maximizing truck loads. This means that we are better able to control shipping our products in full truck loads and retailer backhaul programs, thus eliminating multiple deliveries and decreasing the excess emission of greenhouse gases that would result from many partially full trucks delivering our products. Together, these elements of our production and distribution process are intended to reduce our carbon footprint, or the total amount of greenhouse gases that are generated by our actions, as compared with a legacy farm business.

We believe our focus on our brand “Edible Garden” is a significant differentiator. The brand not only lends itself to our current portfolio of products but allows us to develop other products in the “Consumer Brands” category. Our focus on sustainability, traceability, and social contribution, which we define as an ongoing effort to improve employee relations, working conditions, and local communities, presents our value proposition to our customers and supermarket partners and distributors. We have recently leveraged our brand recognition to offer more consumer products that are in many cases co-manufactured, such as sauces, fermented products and flavor enhancers.

36

Table of Contents

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

Interim Order Agreements with Tetra Pak

On March 4, 2026, we entered into two Interim Order Agreements (the “IOAs”) with Tetra Pak Inc. (“Tetra Pak”).

One of the IOAs (the “Processing IOA”) relates to the initiation of engineering services and preliminary procurement activities in connection with processing equipment for our anticipated production project at the Iowa Facility (the “Project”). Under the Processing IOA, Tetra Pak has agreed to perform certain preliminary engineering, design and procurement-related services intended to allow the parties to proceed with the Project while they negotiate a final supply agreement (the “Final Agreement”).

The aggregate price for the services under the Processing IOA is payable by the Company in two equal installments, with an initial payment of $1.6million due within 30 days of invoice and the second installment of $1.6 million due 30 days thereafter. If the parties enter into a Final Agreement, amounts paid under the Processing IOA will be credited against amounts payable under the Final Agreement.

The Processing IOA will terminate automatically upon the earlier of (i) execution of a Final Agreement or (ii) April 29, 2026, unless earlier terminated by the Company. If the Processing IOA expires or is terminated without a Final Agreement being executed, Tetra Pak is generally required to cancel any equipment orders placed pursuant to the Processing IOA, subject to our obligation to pay for services performed and certain costs incurred prior to termination.

The second IOA (the “Packaging IOA”) relates to the initiation of engineering services and preliminary procurement activities in connection with packaging for the Project. The Packaging IOA provides for the commencement of detailed design work and the reservation or ordering of certain long‑lead equipment items while the parties continue to negotiate a Final Agreement governing the full scope of equipment supply.

The aggregate price for the services under the Packaging IOA of $2.0 million is payable by the Company within 30 days of invoice and is not refundable. The amount payable under the Packaging IOA represents a portion of the anticipated total equipment price and, if a Final Agreement is executed, will be applied as a credit toward amounts due under such Final Agreement.

The Packaging IOA will terminate automatically upon the earlier of (i) execution of a Final Agreement or (ii) May 19, 2026, unless earlier terminated by the Company. If the Packaging IOA is terminated or expires without a Final Agreement being executed, Tetra Pak will have no obligation to deliver equipment, and we may be required to pay for services performed and certain costs incurred prior to termination, subject to the terms of the Packaging IOA.

March 2026 Note Purchase Agreement with Streeterville

On March 3, 2026, we entered into a note purchase agreement with Streeterville pursuant to which we issued Streeterville a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1.6 million (the “Streeterville Note”), which included an original issue discount of $120 thousand (the “OID”) and reimbursement of Streeterville’s transaction expenses of $5 thousand, for a purchase price of $1.5 million.

The Streeterville Note bears interest at a rate of 8.0% per annum and matures on April 5, 2027. From time to time, beginning six months after issuance, Streeterville may redeem a portion of the Streeterville Note, not to exceed an amount of $50 thousand per month. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Streeterville Note, we may prepay all or any portion of the outstanding balance of the Streeterville Note at any time. The Streeterville Note contains customary events of default, including if we undertake a fundamental transaction (including consolidations, mergers, and certain changes in control of the Company), without Streeterville’s prior written consent. Upon the occurrence of certain events of default, the outstanding balance of the Streeterville Note will become automatically due and payable. Additionally, upon an event of default (i.e., the failure to pay amounts under the Streeterville Note when due or to observe any covenant under the Note Purchase Agreement), the interest rate charged on the outstanding balance of the Streeterville Note automatically increases to the lesser of 18% or the maximum rate permitted by law.

37

Table of Contents

For as long as the Streeterville Note is outstanding, Streeterville will have the right of first refusal to provide unsecured financing to Edible Garden Prairie Hills, LLC in an amount up to $5.0 million for working capital purposes.

We and Streeterville also entered into a security agreement pursuant to which the Streeterville Note was secured by certain of our assets and a guarantee from certain of our subsidiaries to Streeterville guaranteeing the payment of the Streeterville Note and all obligations thereunder.

Reverse Stock Split

On February 3, 2026, we effected a 1-for-10 reverse stock split (the “Reverse Stock Split”) of our outstanding common stock. The conversion or exercise prices of our issued and outstanding stock options and warrants were adjusted in connection with the reverse stock split. All historical share and per share amounts reflected throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been adjusted to reflect the Reverse Stock Split.

Nasdaq Compliance

On October 21, 2024, we received a letter from Listing Qualifications Staff (the “Staff”) of Nasdaq indicating that, based on the closing bid price of our common stock for 30 consecutive business days, we no longer meet Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2), which requires listed companies to maintain a minimum bid price of at least $1.00 per share, (the “Bid Price Rule”). Under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A)(iv), because we effected reverse stock splits in the last two years with a cumulative ratio greater than 250 shares to 1, we were not eligible for any compliance period to regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule.

On January 14, 2025, we attended our hearing with Nasdaq and on February 12, 2025, we received the Notice from Nasdaq that a Nasdaq Hearings Panel granted an extension for us to regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule until March 31, 2025, subject to additional conditions outlined in the Notice. On April 8, 2025, we received a letter from Nasdaq confirming that we had regained compliance with the Bid Price Rule, however we will remain under a Nasdaq discretionary panel monitor until April 8, 2026.

According to the Nasdaq Listing Rules, under the Nasdaq discretionary panel monitor, if we fail to satisfy a continued listing requirement during the one-year monitoring period: (i) we will not be permitted to present a compliance plan to the Staff, (ii) the Staff will not be permitted to grant any additional time for us to regain compliance with the deficiency, (iii) we will not be afforded an applicable cure or compliance period pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3), and (iv) the Staff will promptly issue a delisting determination.

There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain compliance with all applicable criteria for continued listing on Nasdaq.

38

Table of Contents

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to use judgment in making estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. The following accounting policies are based on, among other things, judgments and assumptions made by management that include inherent risks and uncertainties. Management’s estimates are based on historical experience, the relevant information available at the end of each period, and their judgment. Although management believes the judgment applied in preparing estimates is reasonable based on circumstances and information known at the time, actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or market conditions.

The most significant accounting estimates involve a high degree of judgment or complexity. The following are the accounting estimates most critical to the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The Company does not offer returns, discounts, loyalty programs or other sales incentive programs that are material to revenue recognition. Payments from our customers are due upon delivery or within a short period after delivery.

Property, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements

Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Our fixed assets, which are comprised of leasehold improvements, equipment and vehicles, have useful lives of five years. Expenditures for major renewals and improvements are capitalized, while minor replacements, maintenance and repairs, which do not extend the asset lives, are charged to operations as incurred. Upon sale or disposition, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in operations.

39

Table of Contents

The Company continually monitors events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying balances of its property, equipment and leasehold improvements may not be recoverable in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment.” When such events or changes in circumstances are present, the Company assesses the recoverability of long-lived assets by determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the total of the future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of those assets, the Company recognizes an impairment loss based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets.

Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes is determined in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” The Company files a consolidated United States federal income tax return. The Company provides for income taxes based on enacted tax law and statutory tax rates at which items of income and expense are expected to be settled in our income tax return. Certain items of revenue and expense are reported for Federal income tax purposes in different periods than for financial reporting purposes, thereby resulting in deferred income taxes. Deferred taxes are also recognized for operating losses that are available to offset future taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The Company has incurred net operating losses for financial reporting and tax-reporting purposes. At December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, such net operating losses were offset entirely by a valuation allowance.

The Company recognizes uncertain tax positions based on a benefit recognition model. Provided that the tax position is deemed more likely than not of being sustained, the Company recognizes the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50.0% likely of being ultimately realized upon settlement. The tax position is derecognized when it is no longer more likely than not of being sustained. The Company classifies income tax related interest and penalties as interest expense and selling, general and administrative expense, respectively, on the consolidated statements of operations.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

COMPARISON OF THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2025 AND 2024

(in thousands)

40

Table of Contents

Revenue

Revenue was $12.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $13.9 million in 2024, a decrease of $1.0 million, or 7.6%. The decrease was primarily attributable to the Company’s planned exit of the floral and lettuce categories, which together represented approximately $1.0 million of revenue in 2024 and did not recur in 2025. The remaining year-over-year variance was not material and reflects routine price and volume mix. The portfolio realignment enabled the Company to reallocate resources toward new customer programs initiated during 2025, which we expect to contribute more meaningfully as they scale.

Cost of goods sold

Cost of goods sold was $13.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $11.5 million in 2024, an increase of $1.5 million, or 12.7%. The increase in cost of goods sold was primarily driven by elevated procurement and logistics costs incurred in the fourth quarter of 2025. During this period, the Company experienced a significant increase in demand from both existing and new customers who were unable to source sufficient supply from their existing vendor base. To meet this demand, procurement was executed on an accelerated basis, resulting in higher per-unit input costs and above-normal inbound freight and logistics expenses.

Gross profit

Gross profit was $(0.2) million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $2.3 million in 2024, a decrease of $2.5 million. Gross margin decreased 18.3 percentage points to (1.6%) from 16.7% in the prior year. The compression in gross margin was primarily a reflection of the elevated fourth quarter procurement and logistics costs described above. While these costs compressed gross margin in the near term, the Company was able to service this incremental demand at high fulfillment rates, deepening existing customer relationships and establishing the Company as a reliable supply partner for new customers. Management expects gross margin to improve as new programs mature, volumes increase, reliance on third-party suppliers declines, and fixed costs are absorbed over a higher production base

Selling, general and administrative

Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses increased by $4.0 million, or 34.6%, to $15.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared with $11.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The largest contributors to this increase were depreciation and rent expense, which rose by a combined $1.4 million primarily as a result of the acquisition of assets from Natural Shrimp. Also contributing were higher legal, audit, accounting and other professional fees of $0.8 million driven by our capital markets and acquisition activities, higher bad debt expense of $0.5 million consistent with the growth in our fourth quarter sales, and higher compensation costs of $0.7 million. The remainder was attributable to increases in other overhead costs.

Loss from operations

Lower gross profit combined with higher SG&A costs, resulted in a $6.5 million increase in loss from operations to $15.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to the $9.3 million loss from operations recognized during the year ended December 31, 2024.

Interest expense

Interest expense was $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase of $0.2 million in interest expense was due to our entering into and refinancing of the ARIN cash advance agreements and the Avondale Note. We incurred approximately $1.3 million in interest expense under the ARIN agreements and Avondale Note, compared to $1.2 million of interest expense paid to our lenders in 2024. See Note 8 to our financial statements.

Loss from extinguishment of debt

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company recognized a loss from extinguishment of debt of $213 thousand from modifications to our agreements with Cedar and ARIN. See Note 8 to our financial statements. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized a loss from the extinguishment of debt of $562 thousand from modifications to our agreements with Cedar. See Note 7 to our financial statements for additional details.

Net loss

Net loss was $17.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared with a net loss of $11.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The reasons for the increase in net loss are explained above.

41

Table of Contents

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Going Concern Considerations

We have incurred significant losses since our inception. We have experienced net losses of approximately $17.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2025 and $11.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2024. We expect our capital and operational expenses to remain at historical levels as a percentage of revenue in the future due to the development of an RTD beverage manufacturing facility, expected sales and marketing expenses, operational costs, packhouse construction costs, costs to continue our growth strategy, and general and administrative costs. Therefore, we believe our operating losses will continue through the near term.

The risks and uncertainties surrounding our ability to continue our business with limited capital resources raises substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern for twelve months from the issuance of these financial statements. To date, we have financed our operations with the proceeds from debt financings, public and private securities offerings, and operations, among other sources. If we are unable to raise additional capital, we believe that the existing cash will fund operations into the second quarter of 2026 and will not be sufficient to fund our operations through the next twelve months beyond the date of the issuance of our consolidated financial statements. Our operations have consumed substantial amounts of cash since inception. The net cash used in operating activities was $11.8 million and $8.5 million during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Our financial statements have been prepared on a “going concern” basis, which implies we may not continue to meet our obligations and continue our operations for the next twelve months. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result if we are unable to continue as a going concern. If we are unable to continue as a going concern, holders of our securities might lose their entire investment. These factors, among others, may make it difficult to raise any additional capital and may cause us to be unable to continue to operate our business.

There is no assurance that we will ever be profitable or that debt or equity financing will be available to us in the amounts, on terms, and at times deemed acceptable to us, if at all. The issuance of additional equity or equity-linked securities by us would result in significant dilution in the equity interests of our current stockholders. Obtaining commercial loans, assuming those loans would be available, would increase our liabilities and future cash commitments and may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions such as incurring additional debt, expending capital, or declaring dividends, or which impose financial covenants on us that limit our ability to achieve our business objectives. If we are unable to obtain financing in the amounts and on terms deemed acceptable to us, we may be unable to continue our business as planned and as a result may be required to scale back or cease operations, which could cause our stockholders to lose some or all of their investment in us. The financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

Liquidity

The Company’s primary liquidity requirements are for working capital, continued investments in capital expenditures, and other strategic investments. Although income taxes are not currently a significant use of funds, after the benefits of our net operating loss carryforwards are fully recognized, they could become a material use of funds, depending on our future profitability and future tax rates. The Company’s liquidity needs have been met primarily through public equity offerings, term loan borrowings, convertible notes, and related party loans.

As of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $1.1 million and $3.5 million in cash and cash equivalents available, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2025, we used $11.8 million of cash for operating activities. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, we had a working capital deficit of ($1.3) million and ($1.1) million, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $1.9 million and $3.2 million of total gross debt outstanding, respectively. The Company expects to continue implementing operational efficiency initiatives in 2026 designed to reduce waste and improve production planning. In addition, the Company intends to advance the development of its ready-to-drink manufacturing initiative announced in 2026, subject to the availability of capital and other factors.

42

Table of Contents

We may not be able to access the capital markets in the future on commercially acceptable terms or at all. Our ability to fund future operating expenses and capital expenditures and our ability to meet future debt service obligations or refinance our indebtedness will depend on our future operating performance, which will be affected by general economic, financial and other factors beyond our control, including those described under “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Capital Resources

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company undertook a series of debt and equity financing transactions to support its liquidity position and fund its strategic initiatives.

Debt Financing

Arin Funding LLC - Merchant Cash Advance: On April 1, 2025, the Company entered into a standard merchant cash advance agreement with Arin Funding LLC, pursuant to which the Company sold $2.0 million of future accounts receivable for a purchase price of $1.5 million, with net funds provided of approximately $1.4 million after fees and expenses. In connection with this transaction, the Company also negotiated with Cedar Advance LLC to discount the outstanding balance under the existing Cedar merchant cash advance agreement and prepaid the remaining amounts owed thereunder using a portion of the Arin proceeds.

Avondale Capital, LLC - Secured Promissory Note: On August 29, 2025, the Company entered into a note purchase agreement with Avondale Capital, LLC, pursuant to which the Company issued a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1.8 million. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $1.4 million after fees and expenses, a portion of which was used to satisfy remaining obligations to Arin Funding LLC.

Equity Financing

Series B Preferred Stock - NaturalShrimp Acquisition: On May 14, 2025, in connection with the Company's acquisition of certain sustainable aquaculture assets from NaturalShrimp Farms Inc., the Company issued $12,0 million of a new class of Series B Preferred Stock to NaturalShrimp as consideration for the acquired assets. In addition, an affiliate of NaturalShrimp agreed to purchase $3.5 million of the Company's Series B Preferred Stock for cash, of which $3.0 million was funded at closing and the remaining $500 thousand funded in November 2025.

Warrant Inducement - May 2025: In May 2025, the Company entered into an inducement letter agreement with an institutional warrant holder, pursuant to which the holder agreed to exercise existing warrants at a reduced exercise price of $3.50 per share. Gross proceeds to the Company from the exercise of the existing warrants were approximately $3.5 million, before deducting placement agent fees and other expenses. In connection with the transaction, the Company agreed to issue new unregistered five-year warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,999,200 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $3.50 per share.

At-the-Market Offering/Equity Distribution Agreement: During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company raised approximately $2.5 million in aggregate gross proceeds through sales of Common Stock pursuant to its Equity Distribution Agreement with Maxim Group LLC under the Company's at-the-market offering program.

Warrant Inducement - October 2025: On October 16, 2025, the Company entered into a warrant exercise agreement with an accredited investor, pursuant to which the investor exercised 202,157 existing warrants at a reduced exercise price of $20.60 per share — equal to the most recent closing price of the Company's Common Stock on Nasdaq at the time of execution. Gross proceeds to the Company were approximately $4.2 milion, before deducting warrant inducement agent fees and other expenses payable by the Company. In consideration for the immediate cash exercise, the Company issued new unregistered five-year warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 404,314 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $20.60 per share. Maxim Group LLC acted as warrant inducement agent in connection with this transaction.

43

Table of Contents

Other

NJEDA NOL Program: In January 2026, subsequent to year-end, the Company completed the sale of its New Jersey net operating losses and research and development tax credits under the New Jersey Economic Development Authority's ("NJEDA") Technology Business Tax Certificate Transfer Program (the "NOL Program") and received gross proceeds of approximately $3.4 million. The NJEDA had granted preliminary approval for this transaction in October 2025. The NOL Program enables qualified New Jersey-based technology and innovation-driven companies to convert certain unused tax assets into non-dilutive working capital without issuing equity or incurring debt. The proceeds were received in March 2026 and will be reflected in the Company's financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2026.

Cash Position

As of December 31, 2025, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $1.1 million, compared to $3.5 million as of December 31, 2024. The decrease in cash reflects net cash used in operating activities during the year, partially offset by the financing activities described above. We had a working capital deficit as of December 31, 2025.

RTD Manufacturing Platform

Subsequent to December 31, 2025, the Company announced a strategic expansion of its Zero-Waste Inspired® platform through the development of a state-of-the-art ready-to-drink ("RTD") manufacturing initiative at its Edible Garden Midwest facility in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The expansion is driven by significant and growing demand from major national retailers for scalable, high-quality, clean-label, shelf-stable nutrition products at commercial scale.

The capital requirements associated with the RTD platform are expected to be significant. The development of the facility, including equipment procurement, installation, facility modifications, and integration costs, will require substantial capital investment over the planning and build-out period. The Company intends to fund these requirements through a combination of operating cash flows, additional equity or debt financings, strategic partnerships, customer prepayment arrangements, and other capital sources. There can be no assurance that adequate capital will be available on acceptable terms or at all. Failure to secure sufficient capital to fund the RTD buildout could result in delays to the project timeline, a reduction in the scope of the initiative, or, in an adverse scenario, an inability to complete the facility development as planned.

The Company believes that the RTD platform, if successfully developed and commercialized, represents a meaningful opportunity to expand revenue and improve margins through participation in the high-growth global RTD beverage market, which was valued at approximately $776 billion in 2024.

Future Liquidity Outlook

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash generated from operations, proceeds from equity and debt financings, and availability under credit and advance arrangements. Based on our current operating plan, we intend to continue pursuing additional equity or debt financings, explore strategic partnership arrangements, and implement operational cost-saving measures to address our liquidity needs; however, there can be no assurance that such financing will be available on acceptable terms or at all.

For more information on our outstanding debt as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, see Note 8 to our financial statements.

44

Table of Contents

Cash Flows

Operating activities

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, cash used for operating activities was $11.8 million and $8.5 million, respectively. The increase of $3.3 million in cash used in operating activities was primarily driven by a $6.3 million increase in net loss, a $378 thousand increase in cash used for prepaid expenses and other current assets. These increases in cash used in operating activities were partially offset by an increase of $844 thousand in depreciation and amortization, an increase of $833 thousand in stock-based compensation, an increase of $719 thousand in amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets, an increase of $464 thousand in bad debt expense, and a net decrease of $797 thousand in cash used for accounts receivable and inventory as compared to the prior year period.

Investing activities

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, cash used in investing activities was $987 thousand and $303 thousand, respectively. The increase in cash used for investing activities was driven by higher spending for fixed assets and leasehold improvements primarily related to the packhouse buildout in New Jersey.

Financing activities

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, cash provided by financing activities was $10.4 million and $11.8 million, respectively. The decrease of $1.5 million in cash provided by financing activities was primarily driven by a decrease of $11.7 million in proceeds from public offerings of common stock, which included a public offering completed in the prior year that had no comparable transaction in the current year, and an increase of $3 million in proceeds from debt and proceeds from sales of common stock, net of fees. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $3.3 million in cash received from warrant exercises, $3.5 million in proceeds from the issuance of Series B preferred stock in connection with the Natural Shrimp acquisition completed in May 2025, and a decrease of $410 thousand in payments of debt principal and debt issuance costs.

In addition to cash financing activities, the Company had significant non-cash financing and investing transactions during the year ended December 31, 2025, including $12.0 million of assets acquired through the issuance of Series B preferred stock in connection with the Natural Shrimp acquisition, and a $15.0 million reclassification of Series B preferred stock from temporary to permanent equity.

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this Item.

45

Table of Contents

We maintain a set of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission (“Commission”) rules and forms. We carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and the interim Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and interim CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2025 at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Management, including the CEO and interim CFO, will continue to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls and make further enhancements as necessary to maintain a strong control environment. Our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and our management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Further, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our company have been detected.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management, including our CEO and interim CFO, are responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over our financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our CEO and interim CFO, and is implemented by our Board, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorization of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of their inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and interim CFO, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the 2013 version of the Internal Control – Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2025.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by our independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the SEC that permit non-accelerated filers to provide only the management’s report in their annual reports on Form 10-K.