Digital Brands Group, Inc.: Form 10-Q for the period ended Sep 30, 2025

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the historical financial statements of the relevant entities and the pro forma financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Unless otherwise indicated by the context, references to “DBG” refer to Digital Brands Group, Inc. solely, and references to “Digital Brands Group,” the “Company,” “our,” “we,” “us” and similar terms refer to Digital Brands Group, Inc., together with its wholly owned subsidiaries Bailey 44, LLC (“Bailey”), MOSBEST, LLC (“Stateside”) and Sunnyside (“Sundry”).

Overview

Our Company

Digital Brands Group is a curated collection of lifestyle brands, including Bailey 44, DSTLD, Stateside, Sundry and Avo, that offers a variety of apparel products through direct-to-consumer and wholesale distribution. Our complementary brand portfolio provides us with the unique opportunity to cross merchandise our brands. We aim for our customers to wear our brands head to toe and to capture what we call “closet share” by gaining insight into their preferences to create targeted and personalized content specific to their cohort. Operating our brands under one portfolio provides us with the ability to better utilize our technological, human capital and operational capabilities across all brands. As a result, we have been able to realize operational efficiencies and continue to identify additional cost-saving opportunities to scale our brands and overall portfolio.

Our portfolio consists of five significant brands that leverage our three channels: our websites, wholesale and license revenue.

• Bailey 44 combines beautiful, luxe fabrics and on-trend designs to create sophisticated ready-to-wear capsules for women on-the-go. Designing for real life, this brand focuses on feeling and comfort rather than how it looks on a runway. Bailey 44 is primarily a wholesale brand, which we are transitioning to a digital, direct-to-consumer brand.
• DSTLD offers stylish high-quality garments without the luxury retail markup valuing customer experience over labels. DSTLD is primarily a digital direct-to-consumer brand, to which we recently added select wholesale retailers to generate brand awareness.
• Stateside is an elevated, America-first brand with all knitting, dyeing, cutting and sewing sourced and manufactured locally in Los Angeles. The collection is influenced by the evolution of the classic T-shirt offering a simple yet elegant look. Stateside is primarily a wholesale brand that we will be transitioning to a digital, direct-to-consumer brand.
• Sundry offers distinct collections of women’s clothing, including dresses, shirts, sweaters, skirts, shorts, athleisure bottoms and other accessory products. Sundry’s products are coastal casual and consist of soft, relaxed and colorful designs that feature a distinct French chic, resembling the spirits of the French Mediterranean and the energy of Venice Beach in Southern California. Sundry is primarily a wholesale brand that we will be transitioning to a digital, direct-to-consumer brand.
• Avo is a women’s essential brand that will offer t-shirts, sweats, dresses, sweaters and athleisure. Avo eliminates the wholesale mark-up, so its products have a sharper price point. Avo also offers larger discounts when the customer bundles multiple products to their cart, which allows Avo to leverage its shipping and fulfillment costs. Avo leverages the Company’s current design and supply chain infrastructure, so we use similar or the same fabrics and contractors for Avo that we do for our other brands.

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We believe that successful apparel brands sell in all revenue channels. However, each channel offers different margin structures and requires different customer acquisition and retention strategies. We were founded as a digital-first retailer that has strategically expanded into select wholesale and direct retail channels. We strive to strategically create omnichannel strategies for each of our brands that blend physical and online channels to engage consumers in the channel of their choosing. Our products are sold direct-to-consumers principally through our websites and our own showrooms, but also through our wholesale channel, primarily in specialty stores and select department stores. With the continued expansion of our wholesale distribution, we believe developing an omnichannel solution further strengthens our ability to efficiently acquire and retain customers, while also driving high customer lifetime value (“LTV”), which we define as an estimate of the average revenue that a customer will generate throughout their lifespan as our customer. This value/revenue of a customer helps us determine many economic decisions, such as marketing budgets per marketing channel, retention versus acquisition decisions, unit level economics, profitability and revenue forecasting.

We believe that by leveraging a physical footprint to acquire customers and increase brand awareness, we can use digital marketing to focus on retention and a very tight, disciplined high value new customer acquisition strategy, especially targeting potential customers lower in the sales funnel. Building a direct relationship with the customer as the customer transacts directly with us allows us to better understand our customer’s preferences and shopping habits. Our substantial experience as a company originally founded as a digitally native-first retailer gives us the ability to strategically review and analyze the customer’s data, including contact information, browsing and shopping cart data, purchase history and style preferences. This in turn has the effect of lowering our inventory risk and cash needs since we can order and replenish product based on the data from our online sales history, replenish specific inventory by size, color and SKU based on real times sales data, and control our mark-down and promotional strategies versus being told what mark downs and promotions we have to offer by the department stores and boutique retailers.

We define “closet share” as the percentage (“share”) of a customer’s clothing units that (“of closet”) she or he owns in her or his closet and the amount of those units that go to the brands that are selling these units. For example, if a customer buys 20 units of clothing a year and the brands that we own represent 10 of those units purchased, then our closet share is 50% of that customer’s closet, or 10 of our branded units divided by 20 units they purchased in the entirety. Closet share is a similar concept to the widely used term wallet share; it is just specific to the customer’s closet. The higher our closet share, the higher our revenue, as higher closet share suggests the customer is purchasing more of our brands than our competitors.

We have strategically expanded into an omnichannel brand offering these styles and content not only online but at selected wholesale and retail storefronts. We believe this approach provides us opportunities to successfully drive LTV, while increasing new customer growth.

Material Trends, Events and Uncertainties

Supply Chain Disruptions

We are subject to global supply chain disruptions, which may include longer lead times for raw fabrics, inbound shipping and longer production times. Supply chain issues have specifically impacted our brands as follows:

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Seasonality

Our quarterly operating results vary due to the seasonality of our individual brands, and are historically stronger in the second half of the calendar year.

Substantial Indebtedness

As of September 30, 2025, we had an aggregate principal amount of debt outstanding of approximately $6.4 million. We believe this amount of indebtedness may be considered significant for a company of our size and current revenue base. Our substantial debt could have important consequences to us. For example, it could:

• Make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations to the holders of our outstanding debt, resulting in possible defaults on and acceleration of such indebtedness;
• Require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to make payments on our debt, which would reduce the availability of our cash flows from operations to fund working capital, capital expenditures or other general corporate purposes;
• Increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions, including interest rate fluctuations;
• Place us at a competitive disadvantage to our competitors with proportionately less debt for their size;
• Limit our ability to refinance our existing indebtedness or borrow additional funds in the future;
• Limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changing conditions in our business; and
• Limit our ability to react to competitive pressures or make it difficult for us to carry out capital spending that is necessary or important to our growth strategy.

Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We currently have $3.5 million in notes outstanding pursuant to our Bailey acquisition. However, we have recently generated cash flows through a private offering and have established business plans that we believe are sufficient to enable us to repay the outstanding notes, including principal, premium (if any), and interest on our indebtedness.

In addition, while our ability to make scheduled payments or refinance obligations under our debt agreements remains subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions—as well as the financial and business risks described herein and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024—we believe our current liquidity position and forward-looking strategies provide us with the necessary resources to meet these obligations as they come due.

If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures or planned growth objectives, seek to obtain additional equity capital or restructure our indebtedness. In the future, our cash flows and capital resources may not be sufficient for payments of interest on and principal of our debt, and such alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit us to meet scheduled debt service obligations. In addition, the recent worldwide credit crisis could make it more difficult for us to refinance our indebtedness on favorable terms, or at all.

In the absence of such operating results and resources, we may be required to dispose of material assets to meet our debt service obligations. We may not be able to consummate those sales, or, if we do, we will not control the timing of the sales or whether the proceeds that we realize will be adequate to meet debt service obligations when due.

Performance Factors

We believe that our future performance will depend on many factors, including the following:

• Ability to Increase Our Customer Base in both Online and Traditional Wholesale Distribution Channels. We are currently growing our customer base through both paid and organic online channels, as well as by expanding our presence in a variety of physical retail distribution channels. Online customer acquisitions typically occur at our direct websites for each brand. Our online customer acquisition strategies include paid and unpaid social media, search, display and traditional media. Our products for Bailey, DSTLD and Stateside are also sold through a growing number of physical retail channels, including specialty stores, department stores and online multi-brand platforms.
• Ability to Acquire Customers at a Reasonable Cost. We believe an ability to consistently acquire customers at a reasonable cost relative to customer retention rates, contribution margins and projected life-time value will be a key factor affecting future performance. To accomplish this goal, we intend to balance advertising spend between online and offline channels, as well as cross marketing and cross merchandising our portfolio brands and their respective products. We believe the ability to cross-merchandise products and cross-market brands, will decrease our customer acquisition costs while increasing the customer’s lifetime value and contribution margin. We will also balance marketing spend with advertising focused on creating emotional brand recognition, which we believe will represent a lower percentage of our spend.
• Ability to Drive Repeat Purchases and Customer Retention. We accrue substantial economic value and margin expansion from customer cohort retention and repeat purchases of our products on an annual basis. Our revenue growth rate and operating margin expansion will be affected by our customer cohort retention rates and the cohorts annual spend for both existing and newly acquired customers.
• Ability to Expand Our Product Lines. Our goal is to expand our product lines over time to increase our growth opportunity. Our customers’ annual spend and brand relevance will be driven by the cadence and success of new product launches.
• Ability to Expand Gross Margins. Our overall profitability will be impacted by our ability to expand gross margins through effective sourcing and leveraging buying power of finished goods and shipping costs, as well as pricing power over time.
• Ability to Expand Operating Margins. Our ability to expand operating margins will be impacted by our ability to leverage (i) fixed general and administrative costs; (ii) variable sales and marketing costs; (iii) elimination of redundant costs as we acquire and integrate brands; (iv) cross marketing and cross merchandising brands in our portfolio; and (v) drive customer retention and customer lifetime value. Our ability to expand operating margins will result from increasing revenue growth above our operating expense growth, as well as increasing gross margins. For example, we anticipate that our operating expenses will increase substantially in the foreseeable future as we undertake the acquisition and integration of different brands, incur expenses associated with maintaining compliance as a public company, and increased marketing and sales efforts to increase our customer base. While we anticipate that the operating expenses in absolute dollars will increase, we do not anticipate that the operating expenses as a percentage of revenue will increase. We anticipate that the operating expenses as a percentage of revenue will decrease as we eliminate duplicative costs across brands including a reduction in similar labor roles, contracts for technologies and operating systems and creating lower costs from higher purchasing power from shipping expenses to purchase orders of products. This reduction of expenses and lower cost per unit due to purchasing power should create meaningful savings in both dollars and as a percentage of revenue.

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Financial Statement Components

Bailey

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DBG

Stateside

• Net Revenue. Stateside sells its products directly to customers. Stateside also sells its products indirectly through wholesale channels that include third-party online channels and physical channels such as specialty retailers and department stores.
• Cost of Net Revenue. Stateside’s cost of net revenue includes the direct cost of purchased and manufactured merchandise; inventory shrinkage; inventory adjustments due to obsolescence including excess and slow-moving inventory and lower of cost and net realizable reserves; duties; and inbound freight. Cost of net revenue also includes direct labor to production activities such as pattern makers, cutters and sewers. Cost of net revenue includes an allocation of overheard costs such as rent, utilities and commercial insurance pertaining to direct inventory activities.
• Operating Expenses. Stateside’s operating expenses include all operating costs not included in cost of net revenues and sales and marketing. These costs consist of general and administrative, fulfillment and shipping expense to the customer.

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Sundry

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Recent Developments

Limited Tariff Exposure

The Company produces the vast majority of its products in Los Angeles, with the exception of sweaters. As a result, over 90% of its products are Made in the USA, which significantly limits the Company’s exposure to tariff impositions or increases, or potential tariff impositions or increases, on imported goods. This domestic production strategy has proven to be a competitive advantage, particularly in the first half of 2025, when increased China-related tariffs impacted the broader apparel industry. While many competitors were forced to raise prices in both retail and wholesale channels to offset tariff-driven cost increases on imported goods, the Company’s brands maintained stable pricing. This allowed the Company to preserve margin integrity and potentially gain wholesale market share, as customers sought more consistent and competitively priced domestic supply alternatives. Management believes this will continue to serve as a meaningful advantage for the Company’s online and wholesale segments moving forward.

No Exposure to de-Minimis

The Company does not use and has never used the “de minimis” exemption. The “de minimis” provision, which allowed duty-free entry for low-value imports (under $800), has been overturned for goods from China and Hong Kong, effective May 2, 2025. This means that goods imported from these countries, even if under the $800 threshold, will now be subject to tariffs.

A significant number of e-commerce retailers relied on the de minimis exemption, which the Company believes will require them to significantly increase their prices or to experience a significant decline in gross margin and profitability. The Company believes this change in the de minimis policy should reduce the number of online apparel brands, and create a less crowded marketplace.

Series D Preferred Stock Offering

In August 2025, the Company completed the initial closing of a private investment in public equity (PIPE) offering, issuing approximately 14,031.25 shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, with a stated value of $1,000 per share, for gross cash proceeds of approximately $11.2 million (aggregate stated value of $14.0 million). The shares are convertible into common stock at a price equal to 80% of the lowest closing price of the Company’s common stock for the five trading days immediately preceding the conversion date, subject to ownership limitations.

In September 2025, pursuant to an amendment to the original agreement, the Company issued an additional 1,875 Series D Preferred shares to an investor for gross proceeds of $1.5 million, increasing the stated value to $1,150 per share (aggregate stated value of $2.16 million).

The Company is required to hold the proceeds from the offering in a segregated bank account, with 50% released upon the second closing and the remaining 50% to be released upon satisfaction of the following conditions: (i) shareholder approval of the reverse stock split and 20% rule, and (ii) SEC effectiveness of the resale registration statement.

The Series D Preferred Stock carries a conversion feature into common stock, subject to Nasdaq ownership limitations, and was issued at a discount, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds of $12.7 million before deducting offering costs.

Alabama Exclusive Private Label Manufacturing Agreement

On July 21, 2025, the Company signed and entered into that certain Exclusive Private Label Manufacturing Agreement (the “Alabama Agreement”) with AAA Tuscaloosa, LLC (“AAA”). Although the Alabama Agreement has a stated effective Date of July 16, 2025, the Alabama Agreement did not become a binding obligation of the Company until it was fully executed by the parties on July 21, 2025. AAA is acting as the name, image, and likeness (“NIL”) marketing agent for student-athletes attending the University of Alabama (the “University”). Pursuant to the terms of the Alabama Agreement, AAA has engaged the Company to manufacture private label knit apparel products for the University as set forth in the Alabama Agreement, but excluding any and all jerseys, polo shirts, collared shirts, quarter zips, and t-shirts or sweatshirts featuring the NIL, or trademark owned by a student-athlete or any game-related or team-related content (the “Alabama Exclusive Apparel Products”). Such Alabama Exclusive Apparel Products, manufactured exclusively by the Company, are to be sold directly by AAA through its website or any brick-and-mortar locations in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

The Company has general discretion to develop designs, technical specifications, and prototypes for the Alabama Exclusive Apparel Products and has agreed to use its best efforts to invest approximately $1,000,000 in its continued marketing, technology and product development by the end of 2025, with the majority of such investment to be deployed by the Company on digital ad spend, influencer marketing and related expenses.

Traffic Holdco Private Label Manufacturing Agreement

On July 21, 2025, the Company entered into that certain Exclusive Private Label Manufacturing Agreement (the “Traffic Holdco Agreement”) with Traffic Holdco, LLC,(“Traffic Holdco”). While the Traffic Holdco Agreement has a stated effective date of July 16, 2025, the Traffic Holdco Agreement did not become a binding obligation of the Company until it was fully executed by the parties on July 21, 2025. Holdco is acting as the NIL marketing agent for many universities (the “University Clients”) and hold the necessary licenses (the “Local Licenses”) to grant exclusive manufacturing rights to produce apparel products bearing the University Clients logos and trademarks, and using student-athlete NIL for distribution as a local licensee of the University Clients.

Pursuant to the terms of the Traffic Holdco Agreement, Traffic Holdco engaged the Company to manufacture private label knit apparel products for the University Clients as set forth in the Traffic Holdco Agreement, but excluding any and all jerseys, polo shirts, collared shirts, quarter zips, and t-shirts or sweatshirts featuring the NIL, or trademark owned by a student-athlete or any game-related or team-related content (the “University Client Exclusive Apparel Products”). Such University Client Exclusive Apparel Products, manufactured exclusively by the Company, are to be sold directly by the University Clients through their respective websites or any brick-and-mortar locations within close proximity to such University Clients.

Traffic Holdco has guaranteed that at least three University Clients will grant the Company exclusive manufacturing rights with respect to University Client Exclusive Apparel Products, whereby each of the University Clients will enter into a private label manufacturing agreement (each, an “Authorized Manufacturing Agreement”) with the Company, with current plans to secure additional agreements from collegiate institutions, including, but not limited to, instructions from the Southeastern Conference and the Big Ten Conference.

The Company has general discretion to develop designs, technical specifications, and prototypes for the University Client Exclusive Apparel Products. In connection with the Company’s continued marketing, technology and product development initiatives, it has agreed to use its best efforts to invest approximately $1,000,000 during the first year of each Authorized Manufacture Agreement it enters into with each University Client, with the majority of such investment to be deployed by the Company on digital ad spend, influencer marketing and related expenses.

Sundry License Agreement

On June 9, 2025, the Company entered into a license agreement with The TJX Companies, Inc. (“TJX”), granting TJX a license to use the Company’s SUNDRY trademark and related intellectual property on specified categories of women’s apparel, accessories, and related promotional materials. TJX operates several retail chains, including T.J. Maxx, Marshalls, HomeGoods and HomeSense in the U.S. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company will receive royalties based on TJX’s cost of licensed merchandise. The agreement has an initial term through January 27, 2029, with automatic two-year renewal periods unless terminated by either party with advance notice. This agreement represents a significant expansion of the Company’s brand distribution into TJX’s retail channels.

Our Financial Position

For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we generated net revenues of $1.6 million and $2.4 million, respectively, and reported net loss of $3.5 million and $3.5 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we generated net revenues of $5.8 million and $9.4 million, respectively, and reported net loss of $7.7 million and $7.7 million, respectively. As noted in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, as of September 30, 2025, we had an accumulated deficit of $134.8 million.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

The following table presents our results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

Net Revenues

Net revenues decreased by $0.8 million to $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $2.4 million in the corresponding fiscal period in 2024. The decrease was primarily associated with the Company dropping its largest wholesale account due to its very low gross margins and operational costs required to manage this account.

The Company expects this decline in wholesale revenue to be offset in the remainder of 2025 as a result of the Company’s second largest wholesale account’s anticipated doubling of the number of its domestic retail doors from 50 to 100 and expansion of its international doors.

Gross Profit

Our gross profit decreased by $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 to $0.7 million from a gross profit of $1.1 million for the corresponding fiscal period in 2024. The decrease in gross profit was primarily attributable to a decrease in sales compared to corresponding figure in 2024.

Our gross margin was 43% for three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to 46% for the three months ended September 30, 2024.

The Company expects gross margins to expand as revenues increase and leverage fixed costs, a higher mix of e-commerce revenue, which as higher gross margins and the mix of wholesale accounts with higher gross margins.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses totaled $4.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, consistent with $3.9 million for the corresponding period in 2024, reflecting no significant change year over year.

Other Expense

Other expense was $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, primarily consisting of interest expense.

Net Loss

Our net loss was $3.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $3.5 million in 2024.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

The following table presents our results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

Net Revenues

Net revenues decreased by $3.6 million to $5.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $9.4 million in the corresponding fiscal period in 2024. The decrease was primarily associated with the Company dropping its largest wholesale account due to its very low gross margins and operational costs required to manage this account. The other major factor for the decline was limited cash for marketing for half the first quarter until the closing of February 2025 Offering, a delay in wholesale shipments, and lower ecommerce revenues across each brand due to less digital advertising spend.

This decline in wholesale revenue will be offset throughout the year by the Company’s second largest wholesale account asking to double the number of domestic retail doors from 50 to 100 and also expand to their international doors.

With the Company’s continued increase in marketing spend, digital revenue also showed growth during the third quarter.

Gross Profit

Our gross profit decreased by $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 to $2.3 million from a gross profit of $4.4 million for the corresponding fiscal period in 2024. The decrease in gross margin was primarily attributable to a decrease in sales, as well as approximately $0.5 million in inventory write-offs incurred in the second quarter of 2025.

Our gross margin was 40% for nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to 47% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in gross margin was due to the deleverage associated with fixed costs in gross margins including warehouse and distribution rent, patternmakers and other fixed costs over a lower revenue total, as well as approximately $0.5 million in inventory write-offs incurred in the second quarter of 2025.

The Company expects gross margins to expand as revenues increase and leverage fixed costs, a higher mix of e-commerce revenue, which as higher gross margins and the mix of wholesale accounts with higher gross margins.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses decreased by $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to $9.7 million for the corresponding fiscal period in 2024.

Other Expense

Other expense was $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $2.46 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, primarily consisting of interest expense.

Net Loss

Our net loss was $7.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to $7.7 million in 2024. Despite a decline in revenue, the Company maintained its net loss due to effective cost-cutting measures and operational efficiencies.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Each of DBG, Bailey, Stateside and Sundry has historically satisfied both liquidity needs and funding of operations through borrowings capital raises and internally generated cash flow, Changes in working capital, are driven primarily by levels of business activity. Historically each of DBG, Bailey, Stateside and Sundry has maintained credit line facilities to support such working capital needs and makes repayments on that facility with excess cash flow from operations.

In February 2025, the Company completed an offering consisting of the sale of common stock, warrants and pre-funded warrants for gross proceeds of $7,500,000, before deducting placement agent fees and commissions and other offering expenses.

As of September 30, 2025, we had cash of $6.7 million, restricted cash of $5.7 million and a working capital deficit of $4.8 million. The Company requires significant capital to meet its obligations as they become due. As of November 14, 2025, based on the current state of operations, and the unrestricted cash on hand of approximately $5.7 million, the Company believes that the substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern has been alleviated. Management believes that the Company has sufficient capital to meet its financial obligations for the next 12 months.

Cash Flow Activities

The following table presents selected captions from our condensed statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, and 2024:

Cash Flows Used In Operating Activities

Our cash used in operating activities increased by $7.8 million to $11.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to cash used in operating activities of $3.3 million for the corresponding fiscal period in 2024. The increase in net cash used in operating activities was primarily driven by higher operational losses, including increased sales and marketing expenses, and lower non-cash charges in 2025.

Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities

Our cash used in investing activities was nominal in 2025 and 2024.

Cash Flows Provided by Financing Activities

Cash provided by financing activities was $23.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, compared to $3.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Cash inflows in 2025 included $6.6 million in net proceeds from the issuance from the common stock and pre-funded warrants and $11.4 million from issuance of series D preferred stock and $ 5.5 million from proceeds received from exercise of warrants.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

As of September 30, 2025, we had $6.4 million in outstanding principal on debt, primarily our promissory notes due to the Bailey sellers, U.S. Small Business Association (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans, and merchant advances. Aside from our remaining non-current SBA obligations, all outstanding loans have maturity dates through 2025.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, costs and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our financial statements. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. See Note 3 to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.

Emerging Growth Company Status

We are an emerging growth company as that term is used in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the “JOBS Act”), and, as such, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements.

Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period. Our financial statements may, therefore, not be comparable to those of companies that comply with such new or revised accounting standards.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We did not have during the periods presented, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC.

We are a smaller reporting company as defined by Rule 12b-2 promulgated under the Exchange Act and are not required to provide the information required by this Item 3.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file and submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, who serve as our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer, respectively, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2025. In making this evaluation, our management considered the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting described below. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2025.

We have initiated various remediation efforts, including the hiring of additional financial personnel/consultants with the appropriate public company and technical accounting expertise and other actions that are more fully described below. As such remediation efforts are still ongoing, we have concluded that the material weaknesses have not been fully remediated. Our remediation efforts to date have included the following:

• We have made an assessment of the basis of accounting, revenue recognition policies and accounting period cutoff procedures. In some cases, we made the necessary adjustments to convert the basis of accounting from cash basis to accrual basis. In all cases we have done the required analytical work to ensure the proper cutoff of the financial position and results of operations for the presented accounting periods.
• We have made an assessment of the current accounting personnel, financial reporting and information system environments and capabilities. Based on our preliminary findings, we have found these resources and systems lacking and have concluded that these resources and systems will need to be supplemented and/or upgraded. We are in the process of identifying a single, unified accounting and reporting system that can be used by the Company and Bailey, with the goal of ensuring consistency and timeliness in reporting, real time access to data while also ensuring ongoing data integrity, backup and cyber security procedures and processes.
• We engaged external consultants with public company and technical accounting experience to facilitate accurate and timely accounting closes and to accurately prepare and review the financial statements and related footnote disclosures. We plan to retain these financial consultants until such time that the internal resources of the Company have been upgraded and the required financial controls have been fully implemented.
• We have made an assessment on significant judgments and estimates, including impairment of long-lived assets and inventory valuation. We plan to take the steps as noted above to have the proper resources to conduct proper analyses on areas requiring judgments and estimates.

The actions that have been taken are subject to continued review, implementation and testing by management, as well as audit committee oversight. While we have implemented a variety of steps to remediate these weaknesses, we cannot assure you that we will be able to fully remediate them, which could impair our ability to accurately and timely meet our public company reporting requirements.

Notwithstanding the assessment that our internal control over financial reporting is not effective and that material weaknesses exist, we believe that we have employed supplementary procedures to ensure that the financial statements contained in this filing fairly present our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the reporting periods covered herein in all material respects.

Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include, but are not limited to, the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

Management believes that the material weakness set forth above did not have an effect on our financial results.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

As a “smaller reporting company” as defined by Item 10 of Regulation S-K, we are not required to provide information required by this Item.