LifeMD, Inc.: Form 10-Q for the period ended Mar 31, 2025

Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Certain statements made in this discussion are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These statements are based upon beliefs of, and information currently available to, the Company’s management as well as estimates and assumptions made by the Company’s management. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are only predictions and speak only as of the date hereof. When used herein, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “target,” “potential,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “continue” or the negative of these terms and similar expressions as they relate to the Company or the Company’s management identify forward-looking statements. Such statements reflect the current view of the Company with respect to future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors, including the risks relating to the Company’s business, industry, and the Company’s operations and results of operations. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should the underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may differ materially from those anticipated, believed, estimated, expected, intended, or planned.

Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States, the Company does not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual results.

Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). These accounting principles require us to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments and assumptions upon which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time that these estimates, judgments and assumptions are made. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements would be affected to the extent there are material differences between these estimates and actual results. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.

Risk factors include, by way of example and without limitation:

• changes in the market acceptance of our products;
• the impact of competitive products and pricing;
• our ability to successfully commercialize our products on a large enough scale to generate profitable operations;
• our ability to maintain and develop relationships with customers and suppliers;
• our ability to respond to new technological developments quickly and effectively, including applications and risks of artificial intelligence (“AI”);
• our ability to prevent, detect and remediate cybersecurity incidents;
• our ability to protect our trade secrets or other proprietary rights, operate without infringing upon the proprietary rights of others and prevent others from infringing on our proprietary rights;
• our ability to successfully acquire, develop or commercialize new products and equipment;
• our ability to collaborate successfully with other businesses and to integrate acquired businesses or new brands;
• supply chain constraints or difficulties;
• current and potential material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting;
• our need to raise additional funds in the future;
• our ability to successfully recruit and retain qualified personnel;
• the impact of industry regulation, including regulation of compounded medications, insurance claims, privacy and digital healthcare;
• general economic and business conditions, including inflation, slower growth or recession;
• changes in the political or regulatory conditions in the markets in which we operate; and
• business interruptions resulting from geo-political actions, including war, and terrorism or disease outbreaks.

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, or performance. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this report and in our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). We undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes in the future operating results over time except as required by law. We believe that our assumptions are based upon reasonable data derived from and known about our business and operations. No assurances are made that actual results of operations or the results of our future activities will not differ materially from our assumptions.

Business Overview

We are a direct-to-patient telehealth company providing a high-quality, cost-effective, and convenient way to access comprehensive, virtual and in-home healthcare. We believe the traditional model of visiting a doctor’s office, traveling to a retail pharmacy, and returning for follow-up care or prescription refills is complex, inefficient, and costly which discourages many individuals from seeking much-needed medical care. LifeMD is improving the delivery of the healthcare experience through telehealth with our proprietary technology platform, affiliated and dedicated provider network, broad and expanding treatment capabilities, and the unique ability to nurture patient relationships.

The LifeMD telehealth platform integrates best-in-class capabilities including a 50-state medical group, a nationwide pharmacy network, a wholly-owned affiliated commercial pharmacy, nationwide laboratory and diagnostic testing capabilities, a fully integrated electronic medical records (“EMR”) system and a patient care and service call center. These capabilities are integrated by an industry-leading, proprietary telehealth technology that supports a broad range of primary care, chronic disease and lifestyle healthcare needs. Currently, LifeMD treats approximately 291,000 active patient subscribers across a range of their medical needs including primary care, men’s sexual health, weight management, sleep, hair loss and hormonal therapy by providing telehealth clinical services and prescription and over-the-counter (“OTC”) treatments, as medically appropriate. Our virtual primary care services are primarily offered on a subscription basis. Since inception, we have helped more than 1,191,000 customers and patients by providing them with greater access to high-quality, convenient, and affordable care.

Our mission is to empower people to live healthier lives by increasing access to high-quality and affordable virtual and in-home healthcare. We believe our success has been, and will continue to be, attributable to an amazing patient experience, made possible by attracting and retaining the highest-quality providers in the country, and our vertically integrated care platform. As we continue to pursue long-term growth, we plan to continue to introduce new telehealth product and service offerings that complement our already expansive treatment areas.

In June 2024, the Company launched the acceptance of private health insurance for its virtual primary care services, including weight management for medically qualified patients. Initially available in select states, the Company plans to continue enrollments with private payors to facilitate access to medically necessary services, ultimately having broad coverage options across all 50 states. In April 2025, the Company expanded acceptance of insurance to Medicare beneficiaries for qualifying care. Initially available to more than 21 million Medicare Part B beneficiaries in 26 states, the Company expects to expand access to medically necessary services for more than 60 million Medicare beneficiaries nationwide, with access to qualifying services across 49 states anticipated by the end of the second quarter of 2025.

Our telehealth revenue increased 70% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024. Total revenue from recurring subscriptions is approximately 86%. In addition to our telehealth business, we own 73.3% of WorkSimpli, which operates PDFSimpli, a software as a service platform for converting, signing, editing, and sharing PDF documents. WorkSimpli revenue from recurring subscriptions is 100%.

Our Platform and Business Strategy

We are a patient-centric telehealth company dedicated to delivering seamless end-to-end virtual healthcare directly to consumers and through select enterprise (“B2B”) partnerships. Our mission is facilitated by our robust technology platform that is purpose-built to seamlessly connect the various touchpoints involved in delivering complex care, including scheduling for a national provider network, an EMR system, secure synchronous and asynchronous communication, prescriptions, pharmacy and laboratory integrations, and more. Our platform enables us to deliver modern personalized health experiences and offerings through our websites and mobile applications, spanning customer discovery, purchase and connection with licensed providers, to pharmacy and OTC order fulfilment, through ongoing care. We believe that our seamless approach significantly reduces the complication, cost and time burden of healthcare, therefore incentivizing consumers to stick with our brands.

Our offerings are sold to consumers on a primarily subscription basis, thus creating a relationship-driven patient experience to bolster retention rates and recurring revenue. Our offerings range from prescription medication and OTC products fulfilled on a recurring basis, to primary care and weight management clinical services delivered by a team of dedicated medical providers. In general, our offerings seek to serve a patient throughout the lifecycle of their urgent, chronic, and lifestyle healthcare needs. As appropriate, prescription medications and OTC products are filled by our in-house mail order pharmacy or third-party pharmacy fulfilment partners, and are shipped directly to patients. The number of patients and customers we serve across the nation continues to increase at a robust pace, with more than 1,191,000 individuals having purchased our products and services to date.

Our platform also includes a robust customer relationship management (“CRM”) system, and performance marketing platform that enables us to acquire and retain new patients and customers at scale by driving brand visibility through strategic media placements, influencer partnerships, and direct response advertising methods across highly visible marketing channels (i.e., national TV, streaming TV, streaming audio, YouTube, podcasts, Out of Home, print, magazines, online search, social media, and digital).

We leverage our telehealth technology platform and services across the two core areas described below:

Direct-to-Patient Telehealth Brands

We leverage our telehealth platform’s affiliated provider network, pharmacy, and EMR capabilities across our direct-to-patient telehealth brands. Our core telehealth brands LifeMD and Rex MD target largely unaddressed or underserved healthcare needs and are leading destinations in their respective treatment verticals of virtual primary care and men’s health.

To support our telehealth brands, in November 2024 we announced the opening of a state-of-the-art wholly-owned affiliated commercial pharmacy, marking an important milestone in creating a fully integrated, end-to-end telehealth platform. This 22,500-square-foot facility, located in Lancaster, PA and designed to fill up to 5,000 daily prescriptions, allows us to offer patients a more cohesive care journey for relevant conditions from initial consultation to prescription fulfillment within a single integrated ecosystem.

B2B Telehealth Partnerships

Organizations selling healthcare products face a challenging commercial landscape. Increased competition, shrinking market sizes, and challenges reaching patients via the traditional brick-and-mortar physician offices are forcing pharmaceutical, medical device, and diagnostic companies to rethink their commercial strategies and increase their focus on digital patient awareness and engagement initiatives. It is estimated that spending on digital solutions to facilitate greater access to end markets accounts for one-third of the collective $30 billion commercial spend by these companies in the U.S. We believe LifeMD’s unique telehealth technology platform and virtual care expertise is well-positioned to address the unmet needs of healthcare product companies as they relate to digital patient awareness, access to care, adherence, and compliance.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, LifeMD executed its integration with LillyDirect’s (“Lilly”) pharmacy provider, Gifthealth, to offer streamlined access of single-dose vials of Lilly’s prescription obesity treatment Zepbound® (tirzepatide) to the Company’s eligible patients.

Majority Owned Subsidiary: WorkSimpli

WorkSimpli is a leading provider of workplace and document services for consumers, gig workers, and small businesses. WorkSimpli operates the following brands: (1) PDFSimpli, an online software as a service platform that allows users to create, edit, convert, sign, and share PDF documents, (2) ResumeBuild, a leading provider of digital resume and cover letter services, (3) SignSimpli, a digital signature platform and (4) LegalSimpli, a provider of legal forms for consumers and small businesses. As a result of a series of restructuring transactions, the Company’s ownership interest in WorkSimpli is 73.3%. WorkSimpli had more than 158,000 active subscriptions as of March 31, 2025.

Results of Operations

Our financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are summarized as follows in comparison to the three months ended March 31, 2024:

Total revenue, net. Revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were approximately $65.7 million, an increase of 49% compared to approximately $44.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in revenues was attributable to the increase in telehealth revenue of 70%. Telehealth revenue accounts for 80% of total revenue and has increased during the three months ended March 31, 2025 due to an increase in online sales demand primarily for LifeMD primary care which experienced an increase of approximately $22.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024. WorkSimpli revenue accounts for 20% of total revenue and has stayed consistent year over year.

Total cost of revenue. Total cost of revenue consists of the cost of (1) telehealth revenues, which primarily include product costs, pharmacy fulfilment costs, physician consult fees, and shipping costs directly attributable to our prescription and OTC products and (2) WorkSimpli revenue consisting primarily of information technology fees related to providing the services made available on our online platform. Total cost of revenue increased by approximately 88% to approximately $8.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to approximately $4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The combined cost of revenue increase was due to increased sales volume during the three months ended March 31, 2025 when compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024. Telehealth costs increased to 16% of associated telehealth revenues experienced during the three months ended March 31, 2025, from 14% of associated telehealth revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2024. WorkSimpli costs increased to 4% of associated WorkSimpli revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to 3% of associated WorkSimpli revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Gross profit. Gross profit increased by approximately 44% to approximately $57.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to approximately $39.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Gross profit as a percentage of revenues was approximately 87% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to approximately 90% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Gross profit as a percentage of revenues for telehealth was 84% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to 86% for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and for WorkSimpli was 96% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to 97% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in sales volume and demand for LifeMD primary care partially offset by an increase in shipping and physician consult fees have contributed to the increase in gross profit. The increase in shipping and physician consult fees also contributed to the decrease in gross profit as a percentage of telehealth revenue.

Total expenses. Operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were approximately $54.5 million, as compared to approximately $45.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. This represents an increase of 19%, or approximately $8.8 million. The increase is primarily attributable to:

(i) Selling and marketing expenses: This mainly consists of online marketing and advertising expenses. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company had an increase of approximately $5.0 million, or 21% in selling and marketing costs resulting from additional sales and marketing initiatives to drive the current period’s sales growth primarily for LifeMD virtual primary care. This ramp up is expected to both increase and maintain sustained revenue growth in future years, based on the Company’s recurring revenue subscription-based sales model.

(ii) General and administrative expenses: This category mainly consists of stock-based compensation expense, merchant processing fees, payroll expenses for corporate employees, taxes and licenses, amortization expense and legal and professional fees. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company had an increase of approximately $1.7 million in general and administrative expenses, primarily related to increases in compensation costs of $1.7 million and merchant processing fees of $690 thousand, partially offset by a reduction in legal and professional fees of $626 thousand.

(iii) Customer service expenses: This consists of rent, insurance, payroll and benefit expenses related to the Company’s patient care center in South Carolina. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company had an increase of approximately $1.2 million, or 66%, primarily related to increases in infrastructure costs and compensation costs due to increased headcount to support the Company’s growth.

(iv) Development costs: This mainly relates to third-party technology services for developing and maintaining our online platforms. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company had an increase of approximately $588 thousand, or 28%, primarily resulting from technology platform improvements and amortization expenses.

(v) Other operating expenses: This consists of rent and lease expense, insurance, office supplies and software subscriptions, royalty expense and bank charges. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company had an increase of approximately $214 thousand, or 9%, primarily related to increases in software subscriptions.

Interest expense, net. Interest expense, net consists of interest expense related to the Avenue Facility, partially offset by interest income on the Company’s cash account balances for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and interest expense related to the Avenue Facility and notes payable, partially offset by interest income on the Company’s cash account balances for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Interest expense increased by approximately $149 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to an increase in interest expensed on the Avenue Facility during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Working Capital

Working capital increased by approximately $593 thousand during the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in current assets is primarily attributable to an increase in accounts receivable of approximately $2 million, partially offset by a decrease in cash of approximately $611 thousand and a decrease in other current assets of approximately $445 thousand. Current liabilities increased by approximately $646 thousand, which was primarily attributable to an increase in current portion of long-term debt of approximately $3.2 million and an increase in deferred revenue of approximately $145 thousand, partially offset by a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses of approximately $2.6 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

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Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $3.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared with approximately $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The significant factors contributing to the net cash provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2025, include: (1) the Company’s net income of $1.9 million, (2) $2.8 million in non-cash depreciation and amortization and (3) $2.5 million in non-cash stock-based compensation charges, partially offset by a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $2.6 million. The significant factors contributing to the net cash provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024, include: (1) an increase in deferred revenue of $4.4 million, (2) an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $2.6 million, (3) $2.5 million in non-cash stock-based compensation charges and (4) $2.2 million in non-cash depreciation and amortization, partially offset by the Company’s net loss of $6.6 million.

Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was approximately $2.9 million, as compared with approximately $2.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025, was due to cash paid for capitalized software costs of approximately $2.7 million, and cash paid for the purchase of equipment of approximately $122 thousand. Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024, was due to cash paid for capitalized software costs of approximately $2.0 million, and cash paid for the purchase of equipment of approximately $176 thousand.

Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was approximately $813 thousand as compared with approximately $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2025, consisted of: (1) preferred stock dividends of $777 thousand, and (2) distributions to non-controlling interest of $36 thousand. Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2024, consisted of: (1) preferred stock dividends of $777 thousand, (2) repayments of notes payable of approximately $212 thousand, (3) distributions to non-controlling interest of $36 thousand, and (4) the final contingent consideration payment made related to the ResumeBuild acquisition of approximately $31 thousand, partially offset by proceeds from the exercise of options of approximately $8 thousand.

Liquidity and Capital Resources Outlook

To date, the Company has been funding operations primarily through the sales of its products, issuance of common and preferred stock, and through loans and advances. The Company’s continued operations are dependent upon obtaining an increase in its sale volumes and obtaining funding from third-party sources or the issuance of additional shares of common stock. Our primary short-term and long-term requirements for liquidity and capital are for customer acquisitions, funding business acquisitions and investments we may make from time to time, working capital including our noncancelable operating lease obligations, long-term debt obligations, capital expenditures and general corporate purposes. For more information on our operating lease obligations, see Note 8—Leases to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report. There can be no assurances that we will be successful in increasing revenues, improving operational efficiencies, or that financing will be available or, if available, that such financing will be available under favorable terms.

On March 21, 2023, the Company entered into and closed on a loan and security agreement (the “Avenue Credit Agreement”), and a supplement to the Credit Agreement (the “Avenue Supplement”), with Avenue Venture Opportunities Fund II, L.P. and Avenue Venture Opportunities Fund, L.P. (collectively, “Avenue”). The Avenue Credit Agreement provides for a convertible senior secured credit facility of up to an aggregate amount of $40 million, comprised of the following: (1) $15 million in term loans funded at closing, (2) $5 million of additional committed term loans which the Company received on September 26, 2023 under the First Amendment to the Avenue Credit Agreement (the “Avenue First Amendment”) and (3) $20 million of additional uncommitted term loans, collectively referred to as the “Avenue Facility”. The Avenue Facility matures on October 1, 2026. The Company issued Avenue warrants to purchase $1.2 million of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $1.24, subject to adjustments. In addition, Avenue may convert up to $2 million of the $15 million in term loans funded at closing into shares of the Company’s common stock at any time while the loans are outstanding, at a price per share equal to $1.49. Proceeds from the Avenue Facility were used to repay the Company’s outstanding notes payable balances with CRG Financial and are expected to be used for general corporate purposes.

On November 15, 2023, Avenue converted $1 million of the principal amount of the outstanding term loans into shares of the Company’s common stock. This resulted in 672,042 shares of common stock issued to Avenue. Additionally on November 15, 2023, Avenue exercised 96,773 of the Avenue Warrants on a cashless basis resulting in 79,330 shares of the Company’s common stock issued. As of March 31, 2025, there was $19.0 million outstanding under the Avenue Facility.

The Company entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (the “ATM Sales Agreement”) with B. Riley Securities, Inc. and Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. relating to the sale of its common stock. In accordance with the terms of the ATM Sales Agreement, the Company may, but is not obligated to, offer and sell, from time to time, shares of common stock, through or to the Agents, acting as agent or principal. Sales of common stock, if any, will be made by any method permitted that is deemed an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. On June 7, 2024, the Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act, which was declared effective on July 18, 2024 (the “2024 Shelf”). Under the 2024 Shelf at the time of effectiveness, the Company had the ability to raise up to $150.0 million by selling common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, and units including $53.3 million of its common stock under the ATM Sales Agreement. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had $53.3 million available under the ATM Sales Agreement, which is part of the $150.0 million available under the 2024 Shelf.

As of May 5, 2025, the Company has a current cash balance of approximately $24.5 million. The Company reviewed its forecasted operating results and sources and uses of cash used in management’s assessment, which included the available financing and consideration of positive and negative evidence impacting management’s forecasts, market, and industry factors. Positive indicators that lead to the Company’s expectation that it will have sufficient cash over the next 12 months following the date of this report include: (1) the Company’s continued strengthening of its revenues, reduction in losses and improvement of operational efficiencies across the business, (2) the expected improvement in its cash burn rate over the next 12 months and positive operating cash flows during the three months ended March 31, 2025, (3) cash on hand of $34.4 million as of March 31, 2025, (4) $53.3 million available under the ATM Sales Agreement, which is part of the $150.0 million available under the 2024 Shelf, (5) management’s ability to curtail expenses, if necessary, and (6) the overall market value of the telehealth industry, which the Company believes will continue to drive interest in the Company as evidenced by the collaboration with Medifast, Inc. (“Medifast”) during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company received $10 million to support the collaboration, funding enhancements to the Company platform, operations and supporting infrastructure, of which $5 million was paid at the closing on December 12, 2023, $2.5 million was paid during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and the remaining $2.5 million was paid during the three months ended June 30, 2024 (the “Medifast Collaboration”).

The Company also entered into a stock purchase agreement and registration rights agreement with Medifast’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Jason Pharmaceuticals, Inc., whereby the Company issued 1,224,425 shares of its common stock in a private placement (the “Medifast Private Placement”) at a purchase price of $8.1671 per share, for aggregate proceeds of approximately $10 million, which was paid at the closing on December 12, 2023.

Critical Accounting Estimates

We prepare our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, which require our management to make estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet dates, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, our financial condition or results of operations would be affected. We base our estimates on our own historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable after taking into account our circumstances and expectations for the future based on available information. We evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis.

We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if: (i) the accounting estimate requires us to make assumptions about matters that were highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate was made, and (ii) changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur from period to period or use of different estimates that we reasonably could have used in the current period, would have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. There are items within our financial statements that require estimation but are not deemed critical, as defined above.

Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2—Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report. We believe that these accounting policies are critical for one to fully understand and evaluate our financial condition and results of operations.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, to improve its income tax disclosure requirements. Under ASU 2023-09, entities must annually: (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The amendments in this update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that ASU 2023-09 will have to its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) to improve the disclosures about a public business entity’s expenses and provide more detailed information about the types of expenses included in certain expense captions in the consolidated financial statements. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted and the amendments in this update should be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is evaluating the impact this guidance will have on the disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.

All other accounting standards updates that have been issued or proposed by the FASB that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.

Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation and subject to the foregoing, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management of our Company and its consolidated subsidiaries is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of its chief executive and chief financial officers and effected by the Company’s Board of Directors, management, and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of its consolidated financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. In addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2025, based on the framework established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (“COSO”) of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management has determined that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective.

A material weakness, as defined in the standards established by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

As previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, we identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting related to: (i) our information technology general controls (“ITGCs”), particularly in the areas of user access and change management within our information systems and review of key third-party service provider Systems and Organizational Controls (“SOC”) reports and (ii) business process controls related to Information Produced by the Entity (“IPE”) and system generated IPE and insufficient evidence of formal review and approval procedures of key information utilized in the performance of the control.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, management implemented remediation measures to address these material weaknesses, including enhancements to our ITGC controls, additional monitoring procedures, enhancements to our IPE and evidence of formal review and approval procedures, and further training.

While we believe these enhancements have strengthened our internal controls and addressed the root cause of the material weaknesses, the effectiveness of these newly implemented controls has not been tested to conclude that the material weaknesses have been remediated.

Management’s Plan to Remediate the Material Weakness

To remediate the identified material weaknesses, our management, together with our third-party consulting firm, and with oversight from our audit committee, implemented a remediation plan. The Company has taken the following remediation steps during the year ended December 31, 2024:

(i) formalized accounting and financial reporting policies and procedures including entity-level controls and segregation of duties review and analysis;

(ii) documented and maintained evidence of the completeness and accuracy of manually generated IPE and system generated IPE;

(iii) enhanced documentation and evidence of review of controls; and

(iv) formalized user access and change management reviews as well as SOC report reviews for in-scope third-party systems.

Management continues to execute these measures consistently to ensure that control deficiencies contributing to the material weaknesses are remediated, such that these controls are operating effectively over a sufficient period. The remediation, once determined to be fully operating effectively, is expected to result in the remediation of the identified material weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting. We are committed to maintaining a strong internal control environment and believe that these remediation efforts will represent significant improvements in our control environment. Our management will continue to monitor and evaluate the relevance of our risk-based approach and the effectiveness of our internal controls and procedures over financial reporting on an ongoing basis and is committed to taking further action and implementing additional enhancements or improvements, as necessary.

These material weaknesses did not result in a misstatement of the Company’s financial statements; however, they could have resulted in misstatements of interim or annual consolidated financial statements and disclosures that would result in a material misstatement that would not be prevented or detected.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

As discussed above, we are implementing certain measures to remediate the material weaknesses identified in the design and operation of our internal control over financial reporting. Other than those measures, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended March 31, 2025 that materially affected our internal control over financial reporting as of that date.

An investment in the Company’s common stock involves a number of very significant risks. You should carefully consider the risk factors included in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the SEC on March 11, 2025, in addition to other information contained in our reports and in this quarterly report in evaluating the Company and its business before purchasing shares of our common stock. There have been no material changes to our risk factors contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company’s business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected due to any of those risks.