VirTra, Inc: Form 10-Q for the period ended Mar 31, 2025

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited financial statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 and the related Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, both of which are contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 27, 2025.

Forward-Looking Statements

The information in this discussion contains forward-looking statements and information within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the “Exchange Act”), which are subject to the “safe harbor” created by those sections. The words “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “projects,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “would” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements that we make. The forward-looking statements are applicable only as of the date on which they are made, and we do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are made based on our current expectations, forecasts, estimates and assumptions, and involve risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause results or events to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. In evaluating these statements, you should specifically consider numerous factors, uncertainties and risks that could affect our future results or operations. These factors, uncertainties and risks may cause our actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statement set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. You should carefully consider these risk and uncertainties described and other information contained in the reports we file with or furnish to the SEC before making any investment decision with respect to our securities. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or people acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.

Business Overview

VirTra, Inc. (the “Company,” “VirTra,” “we,” “us” and “our”) is a global provider of judgmental use of force training simulators, firearms training simulators and driving simulators for the law enforcement, military, educational and commercial markets. The Company’s patented technologies, software, and scenarios provide intense training for de-escalation, judgmental use-of-force, marksmanship and related training that mimics real-world situations. VirTra’s mission is to save and improve lives worldwide through practical and highly effective virtual reality and simulator technology.

The VirTra firearms training simulator allows marksmanship and realistic scenario-based training to take place daily without the need for a shooting range, protective equipment, role players, safety officers, or a scenario-based training site. We have developed a higher standard in simulation training including capabilities such as: multi-screen, video-based scenarios, unique scenario authoring ability, superior training scenarios, the patented Threat-Fire® shoot-back system, powerful gas-powered simulated recoil weapons, and more. The simulator also allows students to receive immediate feedback from the instructor without the potential for sustaining injuries by the instructor or the students. The instructor can teach and re-mediate critical issues, while placing realistic stress on the students due to the realism and safe training environment created by the VirTra simulator.

Business Strategy

We have two main customer groups, law enforcement and military with a plan to expand our product into the complementary markets of hospitals and private security. Our focus is to expand the market share and scope of our training simulators sales to these identified customer groups by pursuing the following key growth strategies:

• Build Our Core Business. Our goal is to profitably grow our market share by continuing to develop, produce and market the most effective simulators possible. Through disciplined growth in our business, we have achieved a solid balance sheet by increasing our working capital and limiting our bank debt. We plan to add staff to our experienced management team as needed to meet the expected increase in demand for our products and services as we increase our marketing and sales activities.
• Increase Total Addressable Market. We plan to increase the size of our total addressable market. This effort will focus on new marketing and new product and/or service offerings for the purpose of widening the number of types of customers who might consider our products or services uniquely compelling.
• Broaden Product Offerings. Since its formation in 1993, our company has had a proud tradition of innovation in the field of simulation and virtual reality. We plan to release revolutionary new products and services as well as continue incremental improvements to existing product lines. In some cases, the company may enter a new market segment via the introduction of a new type of product or service.
• Partners and Acquisitions. We try to spend our time and funds wisely and not tackle tasks that can be done more efficiently with partners. For example, international distribution is often best accomplished through a local distributor or agent. We are also open to the potential of acquiring additional businesses or of being acquired ourselves, based on what is expected to be optimal for our long-term future and our stockholders.

Product Offerings

Our simulator products include the following:

• V-300™ Simulator – a 300° wrap-around screen with video capability is the higher standard for simulation training
• The V-300™ is the higher standard for decision-making simulation and tactical firearms training. Five screens and a 300-degree immersive training environment ensures that time in the simulator translates into real world survival skills. The system reconfigures to support 15 individual firing lanes.
• A key feature of the V-300™ shows how quickly judgment decisions must be made, and, sometimes, if they are not made immediately and accurately, it can lead to the possible loss of lives. This feature, among others, supports our value proposition to our customers is that best practices is being prepared enough for the surprises that could be around every corner and the ability to safely neutralize any life-threatening encounters.
• V-180™ Simulator – a 180° screen with video capability is for smaller spaces or smaller budgets
• The V-180™ is the higher standard for decision-making simulation and tactical firearms training. Three screens and a 180-degree immersive training environment ensure that time in the simulator translates into real world survival skills.
• V-100™ Simulator & V-100™ MIL – a single-screen based simulator systems
• The V-100™ is the higher standard among single-screen firearms training simulators. Firearms training mode supports up to 4 individual firing lanes at one time. The optional Threat-Fire™ device safely simulates enemy return fire with an electric impulse (or vibration version), reinforcing performance under pressure. We offer an upgrade path, so a V-100™ firearms training and force options simulator can affordably grow into an advanced multi-screen trainer in upgraded products that we offer customers for future purchase.
• The V-100™ MIL is sold to various military commands throughout the world and can support any local language. The system is extremely compact and can even share space with a standard classroom or fits into almost any existing facility. If a portable firearms simulator is needed, this model offers the most compact single-screen simulator on the market today – everything organized into one standard case. The V-100™ MIL is the higher standard among single-screen small arms training simulators. Military Engagement Skills mode supplies realistic scenario training taken from real world events.
• The V-ST PRO™ a highly realistic single screen firearms shooting and skills training simulator with the ability to scale to multiple screens creating superior training environments. The system’s flexibility supports a combination of marksmanship and use of force training on up to 5 screens from a single operator station. The V-ST PRO™ is also capable of displaying 1 to 30 lanes of marksmanship featuring real world, accurate ballistics.
• Virtual Interactive Coursework Training Academy (V-VICTA)™ enables law enforcement agencies, to effectively teach, train, test and sustain departmental training requirements through nationally accredited coursework and training scenarios using our simulators.
• VirTra’s Red Dot Optic Training, a 4-hour nationally-certified course developed with Victory First and Aimpoint, equips law enforcement officers with the skills to transition from iron sights to pistol-mounted red dot sights through 21 practical drills. Part of the V-VICTA program, it enhances accuracy and target acquisition while addressing optic failures, offered free to VirTra customers with an annual service agreement
• Subscription Training Equipment Partnership (STEP)™ is a program that allows agencies to utilize VirTra’s simulator products, accessories, and V-VICTA interactive coursework on a subscription basis.
• V-Author® proprietary software allows users to create, edit, and train with content specific to the agency’s objectives and environments. V-Author is an easy-to-use application capable of almost unlimited custom scenarios, skill drills, targeting exercises, and firearms courses of fire. It also allows panoramic photos of any local location so users can train in their actual reality.
• Simulated Recoil Kits - a wide range of highly realistic and reliable simulated recoil kits/weapons made in the USA. VirTra’s True-Fire® recoil kits do not allow for faulty extra shots. Recoil kits use either CO2 or HPA greatly reducing the need for costly ammunition.
• Return Fire Device – the patented Threat-Fire® device applies real-world stress on the trainees during simulation training. Stress inoculation is a key component of training exercises. VirTra holds a patent for electronic simulation in simulation making the pairing of the device and the simulators a sourced item.
• TASER©, OC spray and low-light training devices that interact with VirTra’s simulators for training.
• V-XR is an extended reality headset-based training solution. It comes ready to use out of the box with two headsets, a trainer tablet, charging stations, a router, a casting device, and cables in a portable hard case, with a 3-year manufacturer’s warranty.

Results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and March 31, 2024

Revenues. Net sales were $7,160,247 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to the restated $7,346,421 for the same period in 2024, a decrease of $186,174 or 3%. The decrease in revenue is due to a number of customers from our 4th quarter bookings that were not able to accept delivery in the first quarter. A large portion of the 2024 backlog will convert to revenue throughout the 2025 year.

Cost of Sales. Cost of sales was $1,963,367 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $2,632,257 for the same period in 2024, a decrease of $668,890, or 25%. This decrease in cost of sales reflected our ability to streamline our operations to help increase our margin.

Gross Profit. Gross profit was $5,196,880 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $4,714,164 for the same period in 2024, an increase of $482,716, or 10%. The gross profit margin for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was 73% and 64%, respectively. This increase in margin is solely driven by the decrease in cost of sales as stated above.

Operating Expenses. Net operating expense was $3,829,077 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $4,063,802 for the same period in 2024, a decrease of $234,725, or 6%. This decrease is occurring because of our drive to maintain or lower our overhead costs this year as we navigate the challenges that will come with the government pauses in contracts.

Operating Income. Operating income was $1,367,803 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to operating income of $650,362 for the same period in 2024, an increase of 717,441 or 110%. This year over year increase is attributed to our savings in cost of goods and operating expenses while maintaining close revenues results.

Other Income. Other expense net of other income was $1,743 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to net other income of $329,271 for the same period in 2024, a decrease of $331,014, or 101%, primarily because we no longer have a sublessee paying rental income in 2025.

Provision (Benefit) for Income Tax. Provision for income tax was $102,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $511,437 for the same period in 2024, a decrease of $409,437, or 80%. Provision for income tax is estimated quarterly applying both federal and state tax rates.

Net Income. Net income was $1,264,060 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to a restated net income of $468,196 for the same period in 2024, an increase of $795,864 or 170%. The fluctuation in net income relates to each respective section discussed above.

Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization. Explanation and Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures:

Earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, and amortization and before other non-operating costs and income (“EBITDA”) and adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP measures. Adjusted EBITDA also includes non-cash stock option expense. Other companies may calculate adjusted EBITDA differently. The Company calculates its adjusted EBITDA to eliminate the impact of certain items it does not consider to be indicative of its performance and its ongoing operations. Adjusted EBITDA is presented herein because management believes the presentation of adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to the Company’s investors regarding the Company’s financial condition and results of operations and because adjusted EBITDA is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies in the Company’s industry, several of which present EBITDA and a form of adjusted EBITDA when reporting their results. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Company’s results as reported under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative for net income (loss), cash flows from operating activities and other income or cash flow statement data prepared in accordance with GAAP or as a measure of profitability or liquidity. A reconciliation of net loss to adjusted EBITDA is provided in the following table:

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Liquidity and Capital Resources. Liquidity is the ability of an enterprise to generate adequate amounts of cash to meet its needs for cash requirements. The Company had $17,612,626 and $18,040,827 of cash and cash equivalents as of March 31 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively. Working capital was $35,257,860 and $34,826,680 as of March 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $65,691 and $5,136,509 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Net cash provided by operating activities resulted primarily from an increase in accounts receivable and inventory, offset by decreased unbilled revenue and increased accounts payable.

Net cash used in investing activities was $428,371 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to net cash used in investing activities of $1,546,772 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Investing activities in 2025 and 2024 consisted of purchases of property and equipment,

Net cash used in financing activities was $65,521 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $24,402 used in the three months ended March 31, 2024. In both periods, cash was used primarily for principal payment of debt. In 2024, this was also offset by the proceeds from the issuance of stock options which we no longer have.

Bookings and Backlog

The Company defines bookings as the total of newly signed contracts, awarded RFP’s and purchase orders received in a defined time period. The Company received bookings totaling $6.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The Company has made one change to the booking qualifications in 4th Q 2024. We have strengthened the language in the STEP contract Terms and Conditions to guarantee the agreement for the full three-year term. This change secures future revenue and lowers our risk of unsigned or cancelled contracts. Since the change was only made in Q4 of 2024, we still estimate that there are $5 million in renewable STEP contract options still outstanding. Based on current renewal rates, the Company believes 95% of those options will be exercised.

The Company defines backlog as the accumulation of bookings from signed contracts and purchase orders that are not started, or have uncompleted performance objectives, and cannot be recognized as revenue until delivered in a future quarter. The Company splits the backlog into three categories. The first is capital which includes sales of all the simulators, corresponding accessories, installs, training custom content and custom design work. The second and third are extended warranty agreements and STEP agreements that are deferred revenue recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of each respective agreement. As of March 31, 2025, the Company’s backlog was $21.2 million, consisting of $9.9 million in Capital, $5.8 million in Service and $5.5 million in STEP.

Management estimates that most new capital bookings received in the first quarter of 2025 will be converted to revenue in 2025. Management recognizes that there are a percentage of capital contracts that will extend into 2026 by request of the customers. Management’s estimate for the conversion of backlog is based on current contract delivery dates; however, contract terms and install dates are subject to modification and are routinely changed at the request of the customer or due to factors outside the Company’s control.

With a new federal administration in place at the beginning of 2025, it is unknown what impact that will have on our bookings for the remainder of 2025. Budget cuts have been discussed and we have seen some grants and other federal funding frozen for most of the first quarter, but nothing definitive has occurred as of the date of this report.

Cash Requirements

Our management believes that our current capital resources will be adequate to continue operating our Company and maintaining our current business strategy for more than 12 months from the filing of this Quarterly Report. We are, however, open to raising additional funds from the capital markets, at a fair valuation, to purchase a business or assets, expand our production capacity, expand our product and services, to enhance our sales and marketing efforts and effectiveness, and to aggressively take advantage of market opportunities. There can be no assurance, however, that additional financing will be available to us when needed or, if available, that it can be obtained on commercially reasonable terms. If we are not able to obtain the additional financing on a timely basis, when it is needed, we will be forced to scale down our plans for expanded marketing and sales efforts.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our unaudited financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of our unaudited financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to areas that require a significant level of judgment or are otherwise subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. Significant accounting estimates in these financial statements include valuation assumptions for share-based payments, allowance for doubtful accounts and notes receivable, inventory reserves, accrual for warranty reserves, the carrying value of long-lived assets, income tax valuation allowances, the carrying value of cost basis investments, and the allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in our contracts with customers. We base our estimates on historical experience, our observance of trends in particular areas, and information or valuations and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances and which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that may not be readily apparent from other sources. Actual amounts could differ significantly from amounts previously estimated. For a discussion of our critical accounting policies, refer to Part I, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Management believes that there have been no changes in our critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 to our financial statements, included in Part I, Item 1., Financial Information of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 31, 2025, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors. The term “off-balance sheet arrangement” generally means any transaction, agreement or other contractual arrangement to which an entity unconsolidated with us is a party, under which we have any obligation arising under a guaranteed contract, derivative instrument or variable interest or a retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to such entity or similar arrangement that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support for such assets.

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as that term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e), promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act. Disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our company’s reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officers and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officers and principal financial officer, evaluated our company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officers and principal financial officer concluded that as of March 31, 2025, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective. The ineffectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures was due to material weaknesses, which we identified in our report on internal control over financial reporting contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 27, 2025 These weaknesses were (i) lack of multiple levels of management review on complex business, accounting, and financial reporting issues and (ii) failure to implement adequate system and manual controls. As noted in 10-K, until such time as we expand our staff to include additional accounting and executive personnel and accounting systems and procedures, it is likely the first material weakness will continue. With respect to the second material weakness, our Board of Directors has directed management to implement more effective system and manual controls.

Change in internal control over financial reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. However, during the quarter ended March 31, 2025, and continuing through 2025, we are implementing more formal review and documentation of workflow processes and increased our ERP training for our staff. We believe that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within any company have been detected.